The State of Identification Systems in Africa: Country Briefs
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THE STATE OF IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS IN AFRICA Country Briefs THE STATE OF IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS IN AFRICA Country Briefs © 2017 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclu- sions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected]. Currency conversions are as of May 2017 (http://www.google.com/intl/en/googlefinance/disclaimer/). Cover photo: Hope, painting by Antonio Nshimiyimana (Rwanda), 2015. Interior photos (left to right): World Bank; World Bank; Open Society © Liu Chan/Redux; World Bank; UNICEF. CONTENTS Acknowledgments ................................................................ iv Madagascar ......................................................................... 29 Preface .................................................................................. v Malawi ................................................................................. 30 Angola ................................................................................... 1 Mali ...................................................................................... 31 Benin ..................................................................................... 2 Mauritania ........................................................................... 32 III Botswana ............................................................................... 3 Mauritius ............................................................................. 34 Burkina Faso ......................................................................... 4 Mozambique ........................................................................ 35 Burundi.................................................................................. 5 Namibia ............................................................................... 36 Cabo Verde ............................................................................ 6 Niger ................................................................................... 37 Cameroon .............................................................................. 7 Nigeria ................................................................................. 39 Central African Republic ....................................................... 9 Rwanda ................................................................................ 41 Chad .................................................................................... 10 São Tomé & Príncipe ........................................................... 43 Comoros .............................................................................. 12 Senegal ............................................................................... 45 Dem. Republic of Congo ...................................................... 13 Seychelles ........................................................................... 46 Republic of Congo ................................................................ 14 Sierra Leone ........................................................................ 47 Côte d’Ivoire ........................................................................ 15 Somalia ............................................................................... 48 Djibouti ................................................................................ 17 South Africa ......................................................................... 49 Eritrea ................................................................................. 18 South Sudan ........................................................................ 50 Ethiopia ............................................................................... 19 Sudan .................................................................................. 51 Gabon ................................................................................. 21 Swaziland ............................................................................ 52 The Gambia ......................................................................... 22 Tanzania .............................................................................. 53 Ghana .................................................................................. 23 Togo ..................................................................................... 55 Guinea ................................................................................. 24 Uganda ................................................................................ 56 Guinea Bissau ...................................................................... 25 Zambia ................................................................................. 58 Kenya ................................................................................... 26 Zimbabwe ............................................................................ 60 Lesotho ................................................................................ 27 References .......................................................................... 61 Liberia ................................................................................. 28 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS he authors would like to thank the following coun- Motsholathebe Bowelo (Botswana), Ndoe Dir (Cameroon), try officials, whose expertise in reviewing the country Jean Ferry (Guinea), Alan Gelb (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania), T briefs was immensely helpful: Rufin Rodrigue Godjo, Mia Harbitz (Madagascar, Namibia, Niger), Linda C. Kasonde Electoral Expert, Benin; Neo Corneliah Lepang, Director, (Zambia), Mpho Keetile (Botswana), Lisette Meno Khonde Department of Civil and National Registration, Botswana; (Democratic Republic of Congo), Anne-Lucie Lefebvre (Mad- IV Same G. Bantsi, Principal Systems Analyst, Department of agascar), Neo Corneliah Lepang (Botswana), Marc Jean Yves Information Technology, MTC, Botswana; Daudet Mondange, Lixi (Guinea), Tariq Malik (Somalia), Kannan Navaneetham Expert Focal Point and Vital, Democratic Republic of Congo; (Botswana), Azedine Ouerghi (Côte d’Ivoire), Robert Palacios Cisse Sakande Adaman, Director Information Systems, Côte (Ethiopia, Côte d’Ivoire), Krishna Pidatala (Namibia, Tanza- d’Ivoire; Lamin B. Fatty, Deputy Registrar, The Gambia; Josef nia, Zambia), Serai Daniel Rakgoasi (Botswana), Antsanirina Kofi Iroko, General Legal Counsel, National Identification Ramanantsoa (Madagascar), Manuel Salazar (Cameroon), Authority, Ghana; Reuben Kimotho, Director, National Reg- Zaid Safdar (Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone), Arleen Cannata istration Bureau for National ID, Kenya; Joyce Mugo, Direc- Seed (Kenya), Jaap van der Straaten (Cameroon, São Tomé tor of Civil Registration, Kenya; Tumelo Raboletsi, Director, and Príncipe, Uganda, Zambia), Maletela Tuoane-Nkhasi National Identity and Civil Registry Department, Lesotho; (Nigeria), Emily Weedon (Cameroon), and Matthias Witt Zeze R. Reed, Deputy Executive Director, Liberia; Ousmane (Madagascar, Niger, Somalia). Ly, General Manager, National Agency for Telehealth and Medical Informatics, Mali; Sérgio Cambaza, MJCR, Mozam- The information for the country briefs was compiled by Vasu- bique; Anette Bayer Forsingdal, Director, National Popu- mathi Anandan, Consultant, based on primary and second- lation Register, Identification and Production, Department ary sources. The authors would like to particularly thank the of Civil Registration, Namibia; Nyamulida Pascal, former following World Bank colleagues who reviewed the briefs Head, NIDA, Rwanda; Eric Byukusenge, Directorate Gen- and provided information and corrections: Gbetoho Joachim eral of Immigration and Emigration, Rwanda; Nozipho Alecia Boko, Social Protection Specialist; Aline Coudouel, Lead Dlamini-Nkwanyana, Ministry of Home Affairs, Swaziland; Economist; Mia Harbitz, Consultant; Anat Lewin, Senior ICT Andile Dlamini, Regional Civil Registrar, Ministry of Home Policy Specialist; Tariq Malik, Consultant; Jonathan Marskell, Affairs, Swaziland; Joseph Makani, Manager, NIDA, Tanza- Operations Officer; Robert Palacios, Global Lead, Pensions nia; and Alphonce Malibiche, Tanzania. and Social Insurance; Zaid Safdar, Senior Operations Offi- cer; Luis Alvaro Sanchez, Consultant; Alex Sienaert, Senior Preparation of this report has especially benefited from the Economist; and Maletela Tuoane-Nkhasi, Senior Health Spe- identity system analysis conducted by the various World cialist. The authors would like to thank the