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Coleoptera: Carabidae) by Laboulbenialean Fungi in Different Habitats
Eur. J. Entomol. 107: 73–79, 2010 http://www.eje.cz/scripts/viewabstract.php?abstract=1511 ISSN 1210-5759 (print), 1802-8829 (online) Incidence of infection of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by laboulbenialean fungi in different habitats SHINJI SUGIURA1, KAZUO YAMAZAKI 2 and HAYATO MASUYA1 1Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan; e-mail: [email protected] 2Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka 543-0026, Japan Key words. Coleoptera, Carabidae, ectoparasitic fungi, Ascomycetes, Laboulbenia, microhabitat, overwintering sites Abstract. The prevalence of obligate parasitic fungi may depend partly on the environmental conditions prevailing in the habitats of their hosts. Ectoparasitic fungi of the order Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) infect arthropods and form thalli on the host’s body sur- face. Although several studies report the incidence of infection of certain host species by these fungi, quantitative data on laboulbe- nialean fungus-host arthropod interactions at the host assemblage level are rarely reported. To clarify the effects of host habitats on infection by ectoparasitic fungi, the incidence of infection by fungi of the genus Laboulbenia (Laboulbeniales) of overwintering carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in three habitats, a riverside (reeds and vines), a secondary forest and farmland (rice and vegetable fields), were compared in central Japan. Of the 531 adults of 53 carabid species (nine subfamilies) collected in the three habitats, a Laboulbenia infection of one, five and one species of the carabid subfamilies Pterostichinae, Harpalinae and Callistinae, respectively, was detected. Three species of fungus were identified: L. coneglanensis, L. pseudomasei and L. fasciculate. The inci- dence of infection by Laboulbenia was higher in the riverside habitat (8.97% of individuals; 14/156) than in the forest (0.93%; 2/214) and farmland (0%; 0/161) habitats. -
Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and Other Insect Predators Overwintering in Arable and Fallow fields in Central Japan
Appl. Entomol. Zool. 38 (4): 449–459 (2003) Ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and other insect predators overwintering in arable and fallow fields in central Japan Kazuo YAMAZAKI,1,* Shinji SUGIURA2 and Koji KAWAMURA2 1 Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences; Tennoji, Osaka 543–0026, Japan 2 Laboratory of Forest Ecology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University; Kyoto 606–8502, Japan (Received 5 February 2003; Accepted 26 May 2003) Abstract To clarify assemblage patterns of overwintering ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and other insect predators in farmland habitats for the purpose of proper land management to enhance beneficial predators, we collected carabid and other insect predators at eight plots including arable and fallow rice and vegetable fields and a bank of an adjacent irrigation pond in central Japan. In total, 159 adults and 268 larvae of 33 carabid species, and 178 individuals of at least 17 species of other insect predators were collected by the quadrat sampling method. In rice fields, both the num- ber of species and no. of individuals of overwintering carabid beetles increased as the soil became dry and vegeta- tional succession proceeded, whereas in fallow vegetable fields carabids decreased according to succession. Similar trends were confirmed in other insect predators. Variations of carabid species richness and abundances among the plots might be attributed to soil water content, vegetation and prey availability. In early-successional fallow vegetable fields, the larvae of the carabid genus Harpalus overwintered with high density; this appeared to be because the fin- gergrass Digitaria ciliaris (Poaceae), whose seeds were a potential food for Harpalus, were densely vegetated there. -
Invertebrates
Pennsylvania’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy Invertebrates Version 1.1 Prepared by John E. Rawlins Carnegie Museum of Natural History Section of Invertebrate Zoology January 12, 2007 Cover photographs (top to bottom): Speyeria cybele, great spangled fritillary (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) (Rank: S5G5) Alaus oculatus., eyed elater (Coleoptera: Elateridae)(Rank: S5G5) Calosoma scrutator, fiery caterpillar hunter (Coleoptera: Carabidae) (Rank: S5G5) Brachionycha borealis, boreal sprawler moth (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), last instar larva (Rank: SHG4) Metarranthis sp. near duaria, early metarranthis moth (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) (Rank: S3G4) Psaphida thaxteriana (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Rank: S4G4) Pennsylvania’s Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy Invertebrates Version 1.1 Prepared by John E. Rawlins Carnegie Museum of Natural History Section of Invertebrate Zoology January 12, 2007 This report was filed with the Pennsylvania Game Commission on October 31, 2006 as a product of a State Wildlife Grant (SWG) entitled: Rawlins, J.E. 2004-2006. Pennsylvania Invertebrates of Special Concern: Viability, Status, and Recommendations for a Statewide Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Plan in Pennsylvania. In collaboration with the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy (C.W. Bier) and The Nature Conservancy (A. Davis). A Proposal to the State Wildlife Grants Program, Pennsylvania Game Commission, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Text portions of this report are an adaptation of an appendix to a statewide conservation strategy prepared as part of federal requirements for the Pennsylvania State Wildlife Grants Program, specifically: Rawlins, J.E. 2005. Pennsylvania Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CWCS)-Priority Invertebrates. Appendix 5 (iii + 227 pp) in Williams, L., et al. (eds.). Pennsylvania Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Pennsylvania Game Commission and Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. Version 1.0 (October 1, 2005). -
Brown Planthopper
Biological control of the brown planthopper Shui-chen Chiu Outbreaks of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens Stål are often attributed not only to high plant density, heavy nitrogen fertilization, and continuous cropping, but also to the decreasing populations of natural enemies caused by increased use of insecticides. Because those natural enemies are always present in paddy fields, their actions help reduce the brown planthopper population if they are properly managed. To date, 79 species of natural enemies of the brown planthopper have been recorded, including 42 species of parasites and pathogens (34 insects, 1 nematode, and 7 pathogens) and 37 species of predators (21 insects and 16 spiders) Some of them have shown great potential for controlling pest populations This paper presents a general review of the natural enemies of the brown planthopper, and the response of natural enemies to insecticides. OUTBREAKS OF THE BROWN PLANTHOPPER (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens Stål have been reported recently from India, Indonesia, the Solomon Islands, and Sri Lanka. BPH control depends almost solely on the regular application of in- secticides. Untreated paddy fields usually suffer heavy hopper infestation and the damage commonly known as hopperburn. Many natural enemies are almost always present in the paddy fields. Their role in suppressing insect populations has long been considered important. During the last decade, studies of the biological control of the BPH have been conducted in several countries, but they have been generally restricted to the ecology and biology of natural enemies, or to surveys of natural enemies to identify species and estimate the amount of parasitism or predation. -
Disertacija.Pdf
UNIVERZITET U BEOGRADU BIOLOŠKI FAKULTET Nikola R. Vesović MORFOLOŠKA STUDIJA PIGIDIJALNIH ŽLEZDA I ANALIZA HEMIJSKOG SASTAVA NJIHOVIH SEKRETA KOD ODABRANIH VRSTA TRČULJAKA (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) Doktorska disertacija Beograd, 2019. i UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF BIOLOGY Nikola R. Vesović MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE PYGIDIAL GLANDS AND ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE SECRETIONS OF SELECTED GROUND BEETLE SPECIES (INSECTA: COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) Doctoral dissertation Belgrade, 2019 ii Mentor: Dr Srećko Ćurčić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet Članovi Komisije: Dr Srećko Ćurčić, redovni profesor Univerzitet u Beogradu - Biološki fakultet Dr Vesna Perić-Mataruga, naučni savetnik Univerzitet u Beogradu - Institut za biološka istraživanja „Siniša Stanković“ Dr Ljubodrag Vujisić, docent Univerzitet u Beogradu - Hemijski fakultet Datum odbrane: __.__.2019. iii Zahvalnica Ova doktorska disertacija je urađena na Katedri za zoologiju beskičmenjaka i entomologiju, Instituta za zoologiju, Univerziteta u Beogradu – Biološkog fakulteta, uz finansijsku podršku Ministarstva prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (projekat „Ontogenetska karakterizacija filogenije bioraznovrsnosti“, evidencioni broj 173038). Eksperimentalni deo rada sproveden je u Institutu za zoologiju Univerziteta u Beogradu - Biološkog fakulteta, u Laboratoriji za instrumentalnu analizu Univerziteta u Beogradu - Hemijskog fakulteta i u Institutu za biološka istraživanja „Siniša Stanković“ Univerziteta u Beogradu. Veliku -
County Offaly: State of the Wild 2007
County Offaly THE STATE OF THE WILD 2007 Compiled by John Feehan County Offaly THE STATE OF THE WILD 2007 Compiled by John Feehan Offaly County Council in association with the School of Biology and Environmental Science at UCD and the Heritage Council ISBN -13: 978-1-905254-21-7 Foreword If we are to be effective custodians of our heritage of at hand. But they are so well hidden, and the wild nature, we need to know what plants and ani- naturalist is so blind, that it is only when he mals share the county with us, and where they live. sees the swarms of winged Insects that he be- This report attempts to provide an outline sketch of comes conscious of the multitude of larvae and 1 that diversity – or, more accurately, of what we know pupae which he has overlooked. about it. It is written as an introductory overview for What we know is only a fraction of what remains to a general readership of Offaly people who have an in- be discovered. This highlights the endless scope there terest in and concern for the wild life and wild places is for further exploration. We need to know an awful of the county. It is not really intended for those who lot more if we are to ensure proper conservation of the would describe themselves as specialists. flora and fauna of the county. I have included checklists of species in different It has been hard to keep track of all the people who groups of plants and animals recorded for the county have provided information or helped in other ways where they could be compiled with some confidence.