Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com WSN 107 (2018) 12-30 EISSN 2392-2192 Regional Division and Geopolitical Situation in the Area of Caucasus Bojan Đerčan1,a, Ivana Penjišević2,b, Tamara Lukić1,c, Dajana Bjelajac1,d 1Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 2Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Pristina, Ive Lole Ribara 29, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Kosovo a-dE-mail addresses:
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[email protected] ABSTRACT There is almost no period of history in which there were no wars in Caucasus. This is a strategically important area because it covers a narrow land between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. It represents one of the two roads that help people reach the Middle East from the mainland of Europe. During its history, the Caucasus was part of the Russian Empire, the Crimean Khanate, the Ottoman Empire, Persia, or it consisted of a large number of independent states. During the whole of the XIX century on the territory of the Caucasus, the battles were fought in order to obtain the exit to the Caspian Sea. Only in Soviet times there were no conflicts. Some historians claim that this is the result of the correct national policy of the USSR, while others, contrary to them, are convinced that the peace occurred due to a firm socialist regime, which led to an extremely tense situation right after the collapse of the USSR.