DOCSLIB.ORG

FITOPATOLOGIA Mastigomycotina

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FITOPATOLOGIA Mastigomycotina Divisione ASCOMYCOTA (PARTE 3) PEZIZOMYCOTINA Leotiomycetes Erysiphales Erysiphaceae (Blumeria, Erysiphe, Leveillula, Oidium, Oidiopsis, Ovulariopsis, Phyllactinia, Podosphaera,Uncinula) agenti di OIDI o MAL BIANCHI tipici ectoparassiti (taluni semi-endoparassiti) biotrofici (con austori che raramente raggiungono le cellule sottoepidermiche) Ascocarpi di tipo cleistotecio/peritecio con appendici (fulcri) - forma sferica senza opercolo (come cleistotecio) - aschi clavati, non evanescenti, in file ordinate (come peritecio) Da considerare come cleistotecio evoluto o peritecio primitivo (è prevalsa la seconda ipotesi) Nome attuale dell’ascocarpo: CASMOTECIO, in quanto si apre, per la liberazione delle ascospore, producendo una fenditura. Numero di aschi in ascocarpo e tipo di fulcri: importanti caratteri tassonomici. ECTOPARASSITI Pluriaschi Gen. Erysiphe sez. Erysiphe sez. Microsphaera sez. Uncinula Monoaschi Gen. Podosphaera sez. Podosphaera sez. Sphaerotheca SEMIENDOPARASSITI Gen. Phyllactinia Gen. Leveillula NOTA: Fino a pochi anni fa anche le sezioni erano considerate generi Esempio: oidio della vite Erysiphe necator (sezione Uncinula) era Uncinula necator. A. Periteci monoaschi (con un solo asco) Fulcri filamentosi indivisi all’apice................................ Podosphaera Sez. Sphaerotheca Fulcri ad apice diviso più volte dicotomicamente e posizionati soltanto ad un polo della fruttificazione... Podosphaera Sez. Podosphaera B. Periteci pluriaschi (con molti aschi, fino a circa 60) Fulcri vescicoloso-rigonfi alla base............................... Phyllactinia Fulcri uncinato-contorti all’apice................................... Erysiphe Sez. Uncinula Fulcri semplici o appena ramosi................................... Erysiphe Sez. Erysiphe Leveillula Fulcri ad apici dicotomo-ramosi...............................…. Erysiphe Sez. Microsphaera A B Gli oidi svernano come: - Periteci (condizionato nelle specie eterotalliche dall’incontro dei due ceppi) - Micelio ibernante nelle gemme - Gemme o elementi clamidosporoidi (piccole porzioni di micelio rivestito di parete spessa: solo in alcune specie) - Micelio aereo secondario con pareti ispessite e di colore più scuro (in Blumeria e alcune specie di Podosphaera sez. Sphaerotheca) - Conidi (ovviamente solo in serra) Caratteristiche fisiologiche: - germinazione con bassa UR (acqua endogena) - una certa UR favorisce però gli oidi (attacchi più gravi in zone ombreggiate delle piante) - eccezione: Podosphaera (sez. Sphaerotheca) pannosa (oidio di rosa e pesco): UR prossima alla saturazione, no acqua libera - cardinali termici: min. 3-4°C, opt. 20-25°C, max 35°C - acqua libera (es.: pioggia) su corte di infezione ostacola processo infettivo: - disturba germinazione per carenza di ossigeno - dilava inoculo - favorisce micoparassiti (es.: Ampelomyces quisqualis, il più diffuso nelle nostre zone) Di conseguenza: attacchi più frequenti in estate FORME ANAMORFICHE Ovulariopsis ------------------- conidiofori semplici Oidium forma anamorfica Oidiopsis ---- conidiofori ramificati forma anamorfica di Phyllactinia (1) di Erysiphe forma anamorfica e Podosphaera di Leveillula (2) _______________________________ ectoparassiti semiendoparassiti (parte del micelio all’interno dell’ospite) 1 = micelio prevalentemente esterno 2 = micelio prevalentemente interno (i conidiofori fuoriescono dagli stomi) Genere Erysiphe E. graminis (=Blumeria graminis) (*) – f.a. Oidium monilioides - oidio delle graminacee E. cichoracearum – f.a. Oidium ambrosiae – molto polifago (cucurbitacee, crucifere, tabacco, ecc.) E. polygoni – f.a. Oidium erysiphoides – oidio delle leguminose E. betae – oidio della bietola E. necator (ex Uncinula necator) - f.a. Oidium tuckeri - oidio della vite E. alphitoides (ex Microsphaera alphitoides) (f.a. Oidium quercinum) – oidio della quercia E. platani (ex Microsphaera platani) (f.a. Oidium platani) – oidio del platano Genere Podosphaera P. leucotricha f.a. Oidium farinosum – oidio del melo P. oxyachantae f.a. Oidium crataegi – oidio del biancospino, del cotogno, del nespolo la var. tridactyla attacca l’albicocco P. pannosa (ex Sphaerotheca pannosa) – f.a. Oidium leucoconium - oidio del pesco e della rosa f.sp. rosae – attacca la rosa / f.sp. persicae – attacca il pesco P. fuliginea (ex Sphaerotheca fuliginea) – f.a. Oidium citrulli – oidio delle cucurbitacee (altro agente: E. cichoracearum, molto meno diffuso in Campania) P. macularis (ex Sphaerotheca macularis) - oidio della fragola Genere Leveillula L. taurica – f.a. Oidiopsis sicula – oidio delle solanacee (pomodoro, melanzana, peperone), del carciofo, dell’olivo Il pomodoro viene attaccato anche da un oidio ectofitico, E. orontii (= E. cichoracearum) f.a. Oidium lycopersicum Genere Phyllactina (*) austori digitiformi P. guttata – f.a. Ovulariopsis spp.- oidio del nocciolo micelio aereo scuro conidioforo a «monile» Peritecio di Erysiphe (sez. Erysiphe) Peritecio di Erysiphe (sez. Microsphaera) Peritecio di Erysiphe (sez. Microsphaera) Peritecio di Erysiphe (sez.Uncinula) Peritecio di Podosphaera (sez. Podosphaera) Peritecio di Podosphaera (sez. Podosphaera) Peritecio di Phyllactinia I periteci si differenziano generalmente in autunno (in estate nel caso di Erysiphe necator) Ciclo di S. pannosa f. sp. rosae LOTTA AGLI OIDI: Cultivar resistenti poco utili (gli oidi selezionano facilmente nuovi patotipi) ZOLFO Antioidico di contatto tradizionale per eccellenza - Inibisce la formazione del plasmalemma - Altera la permeabilità cellulare (fuoriuscita di materiale citoplasmatico) - Si sostituisce all’ossigeno con formazione di H2S al posto di H2O; disidratazione Attivo anche contro Monilia, escoriosi, marciume nero, taluni insetti ed acari No ceppi resistenti Aumenta numero cloroplasti (favorisce fotosintesi) Agisce allo stato di vapore (condizionamento da temp., vento, luce, finezza delle particelle) Temp. < 20°C, non attivo (no sublimazione) (poca attività all’inizio della vegetazione); Temp. > 32-33°C, fitotossico (soprattutto i più fini) Vento disperde vapori Luce favorisce sublimazione Finezza delle particelle favorisce sublimazione La finezza si misura in gradi Chancel: - sospendere 5 g di zolfo in 100 ml di etere etilico in cilindro graduato - agitare e lasciar riposare per 5’ - stimare volume di parte torbida (% = °Chancel; almeno 75-80°) TRATTAMENTI POLVERULENTI (Meno fitotossici, utilizzabili in maggiori quantità) - Zolfi greggi: molitura (frantumazione molto spinta) di minerali di zolfo - Zolfi ventilati: molitura e separazione in corrente d’aria o di CO2 di particelle più fini che sedimentano più lontano dal punto di origine → circa 90°Chancel - Zolfi sublimati: condensazione su pareti fredde di vapori di zolfo ottenuti mediante riscaldamento → circa 80°Chancel - Zolfi attivati: zolfo polverulento con aggiunta di nero fumo per aumentare l’assorbimento di calore e quindi l’attività fungicida - Zolfi ramati (anche contro peronospora): aggiunta del 3-4% di rame TRATTAMENTI LIQUIDI (Possibile aggiunta di altri fungicidi, distribuzione più omogenea, più fitotossici) - Zolfi bagnabili: zolfo molto fine (4-10 μm) con ipotensivo per ottenere disperdibilità - Zolfi micronizzati: come il precedente ma con particelle più fini - Zolfi colloidali: particelle molto piccole (3-6 μm) ottenute mediante processi chimici PREPARATI FLOWABLE Particelle estremamente fini che vaporizzano molto facilmente. Ma facilmente allontanate dal vento. POLISOLFURI Di calcio o di bario Dimensioni ridottissime delle particelle Distribuzione molto uniforme Causticità soprattutto su drupacee Utilizzabili in trattamenti invernali ALTRE CARATTERISTICHE DELLO ZOLFO Utilizzabile a livello preventivo Scarsa persistenza: trattamenti frequenti Necessaria utilizzazione in grandi quantità (10-40 Kg/ha) ma non è inquinante Non sempre miscelabile con altri prodotti No zolfo nei seguenti casi: - Attacchi precoci su vite (tempo asciutto): temp. troppo bassa - Su pesche destinate all’inscatolamento: sapori ed odori sgradevoli - Su cucurbitacee: fitotossico - Su albicocco e alcune cultivar di melo e pero: sensibili allo zolfo - Su tabacco: no fitotossico ma danneggiamento di caratteristiche organolettiche PRODOTTI ANTIOIDICI PRODOTTI DI CONTATTO Zolfo Dinitrofenoli: Meptildinocap (range: 2-39°C, non miscelabile con rameici, anche contro acari) Poltiglia bordolese (non consigliabile per oidi ma trattamenti antiperonosporici inibiscono in parte la formazione dei casmoteci) CITOTROPICI E TRANSLAMINARI Anilidi: Boscalid Benzofenoli: Metrafenone Fenilacetamidi: Ciflufenamide Fenossichinoline: Quinoxifen Imidazoli: Imazalil Quinazolinoni: Proquinazide SISTEMICI Benzimidazoli: Tiabendazolo Idrossipirimidine: Bupirimate (è assorbito da germogli in accrescimento e difende nuova vegetazione in fase di sviluppo) Morfoline: Dodemorf Piperidine: Fenpropidina Pirazolocarbossimmidi: Bixafen Piridinil-etil-benzammide: Fluopiram Spirochetalamine: Spiroxamina OIDIO DELLA VITE Erysiphe (sez. Uncinula) necator (sin.: Oidium tuckeri) Su vite (nel nostro clima il patogeno più temuto, seguito da Botrytis e Plasmopara) Su tutti gli organi erbacei: - Foglie: micelio bianco + bollosità o piegature a coppa, caduta anticipata - Fiori : muffa + cascola (attacco precoce) - Acini e Tralci erbacei: necrosi con spaccature (favorisce Botrytis e marciume acido) Soprattutto in estate Con primavera secca anche prima della peronospora per minori esigenze termiche (3-4/25/35°C, ma resiste anche a 40-45°C) per diagnosi sicura: camera umida (favorisce Plasmopara). Lotta: 1 - Metodo tradizionale Prodotti di contatto
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Diversity of the Capnocheirides Rhododendri-Dominated Fungal Community in the Phyllosphere of Rhododendron Ferrugineum L
    Nova Hedwigia Vol. 97 (2013) Issue 1–2, 19–53 Article Stuttgart, August 2013 Diversity of the Capnocheirides rhododendri-dominated fungal community in the phyllosphere of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. Fabienne Flessa* and Gerhard Rambold University of Bayreuth, Deptartment of Mycology, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany With 3 figures and 3 tables Abstract: Individuals of Rhododendron ferrugineum at natural sites within the mountain ranges and valleys Flüela, Julier, Monstein and Grimsel (in the cantons of Graubünden and Bern, Switzerland) were analysed to determine the occurrence of pigmented epifoliar fungi in their phyllosphere. Molecular data from the fungal isolates revealed a wide range of species to be present, forming a well characterized oligospecific community, with Capnocheirides rhododendri (Mycosphaerellaceae, Capnodiales, Ascomycota) being the most frequently occurring taxon. One group of fungi was exclusively isolated from the leaf surfaces and recognized as being residential epifoliar. A second ecological group was absolutely restricted to the inner leaf tissues and considered as truly endofoliar. Members of a third group occurring in both the epifoliar and endofoliar habitats were considered to have an intermediate life habit. Members of this latter group are likely to invade the inner leaf tissues from the outside after having established a mycelium on the leaf surface. Comparison of the degree of pigmentation between cultivated strains of the strictly epifoliar and strictly endofoliar community members provided some indication that epifoliar growth is to a certain degree correlated with the ability of the fungi to develop hyphal pigmentation. The endofoliar growth is assumed to entail a complete lack or presence of a more or less weak hyphal pigmentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of ITS Sequences from UK and North American Sugar-Beet Powdery Mildews and the Designation of Erysiphe Betae
    mycological research 111 (2007) 204–212 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres Comparison of ITS sequences from UK and North American sugar-beet powdery mildews and the designation of Erysiphe betae Sally A. FRANCISa, Brett C. RODENa, Michael J. ADAMSb, John WEILANDc, Michael J. C. ASHERa,* aBroom’s Barn Research Station, Higham, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk IP28 6NP, UK bRothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK cUSDA Red River Valley Agricultural Research Service, Northern Crop Science Laboratory, Fargo, North Dakota 58105-5677, USA article info abstract Article history: Powdery mildew of sugar beet, a disease of major economic significance, was first Received 23 August 2005 described at the beginning of the 20th century, and since then there has been some confu- Received in revised form sion over the correct taxonomic identity of the causal agent. In Europe, the fungus was 28 August 2006 initially classified as the novel species Microsphaera betae, later re-named Erysiphe betae, Accepted 7 October 2006 whilst in America it was identified as E. polygoni, despite sugar-beet isolates from both re- Corresponding Editor: gions having a host range restricted to Beta species. It is possible that more than one fungus Derek T. Mitchell causes the disease, as published descriptions of conidiogenesis have differed. In this study, isolates of the fungus collected from sugar beet in the UK and USA were investigated for Keywords: polymorphisms in the rDNA ITS region to determine if the same species caused the disease Beta spp. in both countries, whether there was any justification for the retention of the name E.
    [Show full text]
  • Source of Useful Traits
    Chapter 8 Source of Useful Traits Leonard W. Panella, Piergiorgio Stevanato, Ourania Pavli and George Skaracis Abstract In the late 1800s, there already was speculation that Beta maritima might provide a reservoir of resistance genes that could be utilized in sugar beet breeding. European researchers had crossed Beta maritima and sugar beet and observed many traits in the hybrid progeny. It is impossible to estimate how widely Beta maritima was used in the production of commercial varieties, because most of the germplasm exchanges were informal and are difficult to document. Often these crosses of sugar beet with sea beet germplasm contained undesirable traits, e.g., annualism, elongated crowns, fangy roots, high fiber, red pigment (in root, leaf, or petiole) and much lower sucrose production. It is believed that lack of acceptance of Beta maritima as a reservoir of genes was because most of the evaluations of the progeny were done in early generations: The reactions of the hybrids vulgaris × maritima were not impressive, and it is clear now that they were not adequately studied in the later generations. Keywords Disease resistance · Rhizomania · Cercospora · Nematodes · Drought · Salt stress · Root rot · Curly top · Virus yellows · Powdery mildew · Polymyxa betae Contrary to other species of the genus Beta, the evolutionary proximity between the sea beet and the cultivated types favors casual crosses (Hjerdin et al. 1994). Important characters of resistance to diseases, currently present in cultivated varieties, have been isolated from wild material (Table 8.1). According to several authors, Beta maritima is also an important means to increase the genetic diversity of cultivated types, now rather narrow from a domestication bottleneck and continuous selection for improve- ment of production and quality traits (Bosemark 1979; de Bock 1986; Doney 1998; L.
    [Show full text]
  • Note to Users
    NOTE TO USERS The original manuscript received by UMI contains broken or light print. All efforts were made to acquire the highest quality manuscript from the author or school. Page@)were microfilmed as received. This reproduction is the best copy available PEA AND POWDERY MILDEW: GENETICS OF HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR HOST RESISTANCE A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies, The University of Manitoba, by Khusi Ram Tiwari In partial fulfillment of the requirernents for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Genetics Program (c) June 1998 National Library 8ibliothèque nationafe du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliogaphic SeMces seMoes bibiiographiques 395 WelI'ington Street 395. rue Wellington OLtawaOPl K1AW Oüawâ ON KIA ON4 canada camda The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive licence dowing the exclusive permettant a la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distriiute or sell reproduire, prêter, distri'buer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/iih, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retahs ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced
    [Show full text]
  • Characterising Plant Pathogen Communities and Their Environmental Drivers at a National Scale
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Characterising plant pathogen communities and their environmental drivers at a national scale A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Andreas Makiola Lincoln University, New Zealand 2019 General abstract Plant pathogens play a critical role for global food security, conservation of natural ecosystems and future resilience and sustainability of ecosystem services in general. Thus, it is crucial to understand the large-scale processes that shape plant pathogen communities. The recent drop in DNA sequencing costs offers, for the first time, the opportunity to study multiple plant pathogens simultaneously in their naturally occurring environment effectively at large scale. In this thesis, my aims were (1) to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) based metabarcoding for the detection and identification of plant pathogens at the ecosystem scale in New Zealand, (2) to characterise plant pathogen communities, and (3) to determine the environmental drivers of these communities. First, I investigated the suitability of NGS for the detection, identification and quantification of plant pathogens using rust fungi as a model system.
    [Show full text]
  • Pre-Breedingre-Breeding - fi Sshinghing Iinn Tthehe Genegene Ppoolool
    PPre-breedingre-breeding - fi sshinghing iinn tthehe ggeneene ppoolool Book of abstracts European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013 Section Genetic Resources Pre-breeding - fi shing in the gene pool European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013 Abstracts of oral presentations and posters - 3 - Organising Committee Árni Bragason - chair Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam Björn Salomon Eva Thörn Jette Nydam Hansen Morten Rasmussen Rodomiro Ortiz Roland von Bothmer Tomas Bryngelsson Acknowledgement to the City Council of Malmö for hosting the welcome party. Scientifi c Committee Rodomiro Ortiz (Sweden) - chair Hannes Dempewolf (Italy) Heiko Becker (Germany) Morten Rasmussen (Sweden) Theo van Hintum (Netherlands) Zoltán Bedő (Hungary) The authors are responsible for the content of the abstracts This publication should be cited as: Ortiz, R., ed. (2013). Pre-breeding - fi shing in the gene pool. Abstracts of oral presentations and posters of the European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013, NordGen, SLU, Alnarp, Sweden All photos taken by NordGen - 4 - Foreword This Book of Abstracts “Pre-breeding – fi shing in the gene pool” includes the summary for each of the invited keynotes, volunteer talks and posters presented at the EUCARPIA Genetic Resources Section Meeting held at the campus of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) in Alnarp from 10 to 13 June 2013. This meeting gathers various members of the gene bank community of practice as well as users of the genetic resources from all around Europe and the World. The selected overall theme for the meeting is “Pre-Breeding - fi shing in the gene pool” because we want to discuss how we better can use our genetic resources to cope with the issues being faced today by humankind.
    [Show full text]
  • Some New Records and New Species of Powdery Mildew Fungi from Mexico
    47 Some new records and new species of powdery mildew fungi from Mexico María de Jesús Yáñez-Morales, Uwe Braun, Andrew M. Minnis & Juan Manuel Tovar-Pedraza Abstract: Yáñez-Morales, Ma. de Jesús, Braun, U., Minnis, A.M. & Tovar-Pedraza, J.M. 2009: Some new records and new species of powdery mildew fungi from Mexico. Schlechtendalia 19: 47– 61. Numerous specimens of powdery mildew fungi have recently been collected in Mexico, including some new records and new hosts. Oidium elytrariae sp. nov. on Elytraria imbricata and O. poinsettiae sp. nov. on Euphorbia pulcherrima are described. Pachyrhizus erosus is a new host of Erysiphe dif- fusa (with chasmothecia). Neoerysiphe cumminsiana has been observed on the new hosts Dahlia sp. (with chasmothecia), Ageratina adenophora (anamorph), Galinsoga parviflora (with chasmothecia), Tagetes erecta (anamorph) and Viguiera helianthoides (with chasmothecia). Zusammenfassung: Yáñez-Morales, Ma. de Jesús, Braun, U., Minnis, A.M. & Tovar-Pedraza, J.M. 2009: Einige neue Angaben und neue Arten von Mehltaupilzen aus Mexiko. Schlechtendalia 19: 47– 61. Zahlreiche Kollektionen von Mehltaupilzen sind unlängst in Mexiko gesammelt worden, einschließlich einiger Neufunde und neuer Wirte. Die neuen Arten Oidium elytrariae auf Elytraria imbricata und O. poinsettiae auf Euphorbia pulcherrima werden beschrieben. Pachyrhizus erosus ist ein neuer Wirt von Erysiphe diffusa (mit Chasmothecien). Neoerysiphe cumminsiana wurde auf den neuen Wirten Dahlia sp. (mit Chasmothecien), Ageratina adenophora (Anamorphe), Galinsoga parviflora (mit Chasmothecien), Tagetes erecta (Anamorphe) und Viguiera helianthoides (mit Chasmothecien) ge- funden. Key words: Ascomycota, Erysiphales, North America, Oidium elytrariae, O. poinsettiae. The powdery mildew fungi of Mexico are relatively poorly known. A comprehen- sive treatment or survey of Mexican species of this important group that causes plant diseases does not yet exist.
    [Show full text]
  • The Powdery Mildews of Wales
    The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Wales: Llwydni Blodeuoogg (Eryypsiphales) Cymru: Arthur O. Chater & Ray G. Woods Summary The powdery mildew fungi form a well circumscribed group of parasitic fungi in the Order Erysiphales within the Phylum Ascomycetes (the “spore shooters”). If the host plant can be accurately identified the task of identifying the powdery mildew is relatively easy. Presented here is a catalogue of host plant species and their powdery mildews which have been reported from Wales or which might occur in Wales, with a synopsis of characters to enable a fungus to be identified where more than one occurs on a particular host. Over 700 taxa of powdery mildews are known world-wide with over 166 reported from Britain. Catalogued here by the Vice-counties within Wales in which they occur, are over 122 taxa of powdery mildews. Representatives of all five Tribes of the powdery mildews occur in Wales. As many of the wild host plants diminish in extent, the fungi that are dependent on them grow scarcer. This guide, we hope, will stimulate their study and enable conservation priorities to be established. Crynodeb Ffurfir y ffwng llwydni blodeuog grwp cyfyngiedig o ffyngau parasitig o fewn yr Urdd Erysiphales sydd o fewn y Ffylwm Ascomycetes (y ‘saethwyr sborau’). Os yw planhigion cynhaliol yn cael eu enwi’n gywir, mae’r dasg o enwi y llwydni blodeuog yn weddol hawdd. Wedi ei gyflwyno yma mae catalog o rywogaethau o blanhigion cynhaliol a’u llwydni blodeuol sydd wedi eu cofnodi yng Nghymru neu efallai yn bodoli yng Nghymru, gyda chrynodeb o nodweddion sy’n galluogi i’r ffwng gael ei enwi’n gywir yn yr achosion ble mae mwy nac un yn bodoli ar blanhigyn cynhaliol arbennig.
    [Show full text]
  • PORTADA Puente Biologico
    ISSN1991-2986 RevistaCientíficadelaUniversidad AutónomadeChiriquíenPanamá Polyporus sp.attheQuetzalestrailintheVolcánBarúNationalPark,Panamá Volume1/2006 ChecklistofFungiinPanama elaboratedinthecontextoftheUniversityPartnership ofthe UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DECHIRIQUÍ and J.W.GOETHE-UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT AMMAIN supportedbytheGerman AcademicExchangeService(DAAD) For this publication we received support by the following institutions: Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI) J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) German Research Foundation (DFG) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)1 German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)2 Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas 3 y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT) 1 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Convention Project "Implementing the Biodiversity Convention" P.O. Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Tel.: +49 (6196) 791359, Fax: +49 (6196) 79801359 http://www.gtz.de/biodiv 2 En el nombre del Ministerio Federal Alemán para la Cooperación Económica y el Desarollo (BMZ). Las opiniones vertidas en la presente publicación no necesariamente reflejan las del BMZ o de la GTZ. 3 INDICASAT, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Edificio 175. Panamá. Tel. (507) 3170012, Fax (507) 3171043 Editorial La Revista Natura fue fundada con el objetivo de dar a conocer las actividades de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas de la Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), pero COORDINADORADE EDICIÓN paulatinamente ha ampliado su ámbito geográfico, de allí que el Comité Editorial ha acordado cambiar el nombre de la revista al Clotilde Arrocha nuevo título:PUENTE BIOLÓGICO , para señalar así el inicio de una nueva serie que conserva el énfasis en temas científicos, que COMITÉ EDITORIAL trascienden al ámbito internacional. Puente Biológico se presenta a la comunidad científica Clotilde Arrocha internacional con este número especial, que brinda los resultados Pedro A.CaballeroR.
    [Show full text]
  • Abstracts Workbook.Indd
    PPre-breedingre-breeding - fi sshinghing iinn tthehe ggeneene ppoolool Book of abstracts European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013 Section Genetic Resources Pre-breeding - fi shing in the gene pool European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013 Abstracts of oral presentations and posters - 3 - Organising Committee Árni Bragason - chair Agnese Kolodinska Brantestam Björn Salomon Eva Thörn Jette Nydam Hansen Morten Rasmussen Rodomiro Ortiz Roland von Bothmer Tomas Bryngelsson Acknowledgement to the City Council of Malmö for hosting the welcome party. Scientifi c Committee Rodomiro Ortiz (Sweden) - chair Hannes Dempewolf (Germany) Heiko Becker (Germany) Morten Rasmussen (Sweden) Theo van Hintum (Netherlands) Zoltán Bedő (Hungary) The authors are responsible for the content of the abstracts This publication should be cited as: Ortiz, R., ed. (2013). Pre-breeding - fi shing in the gene pool. Abstracts of oral presentations and posters of the European Plant Genetic Resources Conference 2013, NordGen, SLU, Alnarp, Sweden All photos taken by NordGen Book of abstracts edited by Jette Nydam Hansen and Magdalena Svärdh, NordGen - 4 - Foreword This Book of Abstracts “Pre-breeding – fi shing in the gene pool” includes the summary for each of the invited keynotes, volunteer talks and posters presented at the EUCARPIA Genetic Resources Section Meeting held at the campus of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU) in Alnarp from 10 to 13 June 2013. This meeting gathers various members of the gene bank community of practice as well as users of the genetic resources from all around Europe and the World. The selected overall theme for the meeting is “Pre-Breeding - fi shing in the gene pool” because we want to discuss how we better can use our genetic resources to cope with the issues being faced today by humankind.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Text
    РАСТЕНИЕВЪДНИ НАУКИ, ГОД. LI, No. 6 PLANT SCIENCE, VOL. LI, No. 6 София. 2014. Sofia BIOLOGICAL INVASION IN TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS OF SUBTROPICS OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION NATALIA KARPUN*, YEVGENIA IGNATOVA, YELENA MIKHAILOVA The State Research Institution All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sochi, Russia *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In recent decades, as a result of active uncontrolled of ornamental woody plants import from abroad, a threat that new pests and diseases might penetrate to Russian Black Sea coast appeared, which led to the extent of an environmental problem. The given paper provides information about the new species detected on fruit, flower and ornamental crops in Sochi (Russia) in the period from 1995 to 2013, which has not been earlier recorded in the region. Among the pests Plurivorous species of Ceratitis capitata Wied. mostly represents danger for fruit plantations and Frankliniella occidentalis Perg. – for flower crops. In 2013, the massive shrinkage of boxwood was noted, which was caused by damage from caterpillars Cydalima perspectalis Walker. This species appeared in the region presumably in 2011 – 2012. The five following species of powdery mildews fungi were recorded for the first time in the study area: Erysiphe azalea (U. Braun) U. Braun & S. Takam. on leaves of Rhododendron luteum Sweet, E. betae (Vaňha) Weltzien – on leaves of Hydrangea macrophylla Ser., E. syringae, Schwein. – on leaves of Syringa vulgaris L., E. tortilis (Wallr.) Link – on leaves of Cornus sp. Golovinomyces sparsus (A. Braun) V. P. Heluta – on leaves of Viburnum opulus L.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Powdery Mildew Fungi from North Western Himalayan Region of Himachal Pradesh – a Checklist
    Plant Pathology & Quarantine 8(1): 78–99 (2018) ISSN 2229-2217 www.ppqjournal.org Article Doi 10.5943/ppq/8/1/11 Copyright © Agriculture College, Guizhou University Diversity of powdery mildew fungi from North Western Himalayan Region of Himachal Pradesh – a checklist Gautam AK1 and Avasthi S2 1 School of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, Abhilashi University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India 2 Department of Botany, Abhilashi Post Graduate Institute of Sciences, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India Gautam AK, Avasthi S 2018 – Diversity of powdery mildew fungi from North Western Himalayan Region of Himachal Pradesh – a checklist. Plant Pathology & Quarantine 8(1), 78–99, Doi 10.5943/ppq/8/1/11 Abstract Powdery mildews are obligate biotropic fungal parasites responsible for disease on a wide range of host plants. They are easily recognizable as white powdery growth on leaves, shoots and sometimes on flowers and even on fruits. This checklist of powdery mildew fungi of Himachal Pradesh, India is based on an exhaustive bibliographic survey of the literature. Fifteen genera (Blumeria, Erysiphe, Euoidium, Golovinomyces, Leveillula, Microsphaera, Neoerysiphe, Oidium, Oidopsis, Phyllactinia, Pleochaeta, Podosphaera, Pseudoidium, Sphaerotheca and Uncinula) and 92 species of powdery mildew have been recorded from the state. About 168 plant species belonging to 122 genera and 49 families are infected by these fungi. Molecular studies of powdery mildew fungi from Himachal Pradesh are needed to revise and to classify these fungi in their correct taxonomic position. Key words – bibliographic survey – Erysiphales – fungal parasites – Himalaya – taxonomy Introduction Powdery mildews are a group of fungal parasites belonging to a single order, Erysiphales. They are obligate biotrophs responsible for many common plant diseases.
    [Show full text]