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Book Review: Doris Kearns, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream
Book Review: Doris Kearns, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream September 16, 2010 Teaching American History Year Three Final Paper Chuck Myrbeck P.O. Box 1325 Dennis Port, MA 02639 1 Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream, Doris Kearns first book, published three years after LBJ’s death, present one of the first drafts of history for our thirty‐sixth President. President Johnson chose the twenty‐five year old Doris Kearns from the White House Fellows program for his staff after he shocking announced to the nation that he would not seek another term as President of the United States. The choice surprised many since the Harvard doctoral candidate had coauthored an article critical of LBJ’s Vietnam policy in the New Republic titled “How to Remove LBJ in 1968”. After his Presidency ended, he asked her to live at the LBJ ranch and help him write his autobiography, The Vantage Point. Kearns spent long weekends and breaks from her teaching of government at Harvard at the ranch with Lyndon and Lady Bird Johnson. Their relationship lasted the last five years Lyndon Baines Johnson’s life. Thesis Doris Kearns attempts to analyze the childhood, look at the conflicting demands his parents put on him and see how the larger than life personality that emerged dealt with each stage of his political rise and fall. Famed developmental psychologist and Harvard professor Erik Erikson is referred to frequently. Johnson’s motives for giving such access to his personal recollections and papers in the final stage of his life lead to speculation. “Perhaps, even at the end, Lyndon Johnson was looking, planning, for some chance to achieve that place in history that meant so much to him” (Kearns, pg. -
George Reedy Interview I
LYNDON BAINES JOHNSON LIBRARY ORAL HISTORY COLLECTION LBJ Library 2313 Red River Street Austin, Texas 78705 http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biopage.asp GEORGE REEDY ORAL HISTORY, INTERVIEW I(b) PREFERRED CITATION For Internet Copy: Transcript, George Reedy Oral History Interview I(b), 12/19/68, by T.H. Baker, Internet Copy, LBJ Library. For Electronic Copy on Compact Disc from the LBJ Library: Transcript, George Reedy Oral History Interview I(b), 12/19/68, by T.H. Baker, Electronic Copy, LBJ Library. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS SERVICE Gift of Personal Statement By George Reedy to the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library In accordance with Sec. 507 of the Federal Property and Adminis trative Services Act of 1949, as amended (44 u.s.c. 397) and regulations issued thereunder (41 CFR 101-10), I, ee:o(t'e e, ((Cebt ,hereinafter referred to as the donor, hereby give, donate, and convey to the United States of America for eventual deposit in the proposed Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, and for administration therein by the authorities thereof, a tape and transcript of a personal statement approved by me and prepared for the purpose of deposit in the Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. The gift of this material is made subject to the following terms and conditions: 1. Title to the material transferred hereunder, and all literary property rights, will pass to the United States as of the date of the e 1very of t 1S material into the physical custody of the Archivist of the United States. (~~ ~ v 2. -
Muir Fairchild Bibliography
Muir Fairchild Bibliography: Dedicated to those who went on before and who never returned The main collections relating to the life, times and career of General Muir Fairchild (Serial Number 0-10555) are housed at the Air Force Historical Research Agency at Maxwell Air Force, Base, Alabama. The papers focusing on his military career include personal correspondence (1931-1948) and official correspondence (1923-1950). The files contain materials focusing on his early career at McCook Field in Ohio and Langley Field, in Virginia (1923-1926). The papers also include information regarding Fairchild’s views on strategic bombing and the establishment of the Air University as well as his participation in the Pan American Flight (1926-1927). The reader will find copies of reports on aircraft (1923-1940), course materials from the Army Industrial College (1935-1938), the Army War College (1936- 1937) and the Air Corps Tactical School (1937-1940). Also found in the collection are copies of speeches, press releases and articles by Fairchild and various other information relating to his tenure as Commander of the Air University (1946-1948). There are copies of his personnel files and military flying records (1918-1950) and trips (1966-1975) as well as selected magazines (1970-1981). In addition, there are photographs (1903-1976) including those taken during World War II, the Pan American Flight (1926-1927), and other miscellaneous photos of interest. In the Diary of General Harris is the chronology of the “Good Will” Pan American flight, 1926-1927. In connection with that flight and his interaction with Fairchild over the years the reader should review the Ira Eaker MSS at the Library of Congress. -
Lyndon Johnson and the Rise and Fall of the “Liberal Hour”
“LET US CONTINUE” – Lyndon Johnson and the Rise and Fall of the “Liberal Hour” After Kennedy’s tragic death, Johnson addressed the Congress and urged members to pass Kennedy’s legislative agenda as a tribute to the slain president. This was the very agenda that the southern members of his own Democratic party had refused to support during the previous two years. Now, however, the grieving public responded positively to Johnson’s efforts to push the Kennedy agenda, and Congress, sensing that opposing the public mood could be politically risky, allowed his Civil Rights bills to come to a vote. Over the next two years, the landmark Civil Rights bills of 1964 and 1965 became law. The first ended segregation and empowered the federal government to enforce anti- segregation laws; the second gave black voters the protection of the federal government, making it a federal crime for white state and local officials to deny blacks their constitutional right to vote. Similarly, Johnson was able to convince Congress to pass Kennedy’s tax cut and to take up legislation intended to fight poverty. (This was the beginning of the “War on Poverty” – more associated with the Johnson administration, than the Kennedy administration, but part of the same liberal, activist approach to government that characterized the first half of the 1960s.) 1964-1965 marked the high point of post-World War II liberalism. When Johnson won a landslide victory in the presidential election of 1964, it appeared that liberalism had secured a place as the dominant political ideology in the United States. -
Who Watches the Watchmen? the Conflict Between National Security and Freedom of the Press
WHO WATCHES THE WATCHMEN WATCHES WHO WHO WATCHES THE WATCHMEN WATCHES WHO I see powerful echoes of what I personally experienced as Director of NSA and CIA. I only wish I had access to this fully developed intellectual framework and the courses of action it suggests while still in government. —General Michael V. Hayden (retired) Former Director of the CIA Director of the NSA e problem of secrecy is double edged and places key institutions and values of our democracy into collision. On the one hand, our country operates under a broad consensus that secrecy is antithetical to democratic rule and can encourage a variety of political deformations. But the obvious pitfalls are not the end of the story. A long list of abuses notwithstanding, secrecy, like openness, remains an essential prerequisite of self-governance. Ross’s study is a welcome and timely addition to the small body of literature examining this important subject. —Gabriel Schoenfeld Senior Fellow, Hudson Institute Author of Necessary Secrets: National Security, the Media, and the Rule of Law (W.W. Norton, May 2010). ? ? The topic of unauthorized disclosures continues to receive significant attention at the highest levels of government. In his book, Mr. Ross does an excellent job identifying the categories of harm to the intelligence community associated NI PRESS ROSS GARY with these disclosures. A detailed framework for addressing the issue is also proposed. This book is a must read for those concerned about the implications of unauthorized disclosures to U.S. national security. —William A. Parquette Foreign Denial and Deception Committee National Intelligence Council Gary Ross has pulled together in this splendid book all the raw material needed to spark a fresh discussion between the government and the media on how to function under our unique system of government in this ever-evolving information-rich environment. -
The Master of the Senate and the Presidential Hidden Hand: Eisenhower, Johnson, and Power Dynamics in the 1950S by Samuel J
Volume 10 Article 6 2011 The aM ster of the Senate and the Presidential Hidden Hand: Eisenhower, Johnson, and Power Dynamics in the 1950s Samuel J. Cooper-Wall Gettysburg College Class of 2012 Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ghj Part of the Political History Commons, and the United States History Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Cooper-Wall, Samuel J. (2011) "The asM ter of the Senate and the Presidential Hidden Hand: Eisenhower, Johnson, and Power Dynamics in the 1950s," The Gettysburg Historical Journal: Vol. 10 , Article 6. Available at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/ghj/vol10/iss1/6 This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The aM ster of the Senate and the Presidential Hidden Hand: Eisenhower, Johnson, and Power Dynamics in the 1950s Abstract In March of 2010, renowned architect Frank Gehry unveiled his design for a memorial to Dwight D. Eisenhower in Washington, D.C. Centered around an elaborate layout of stone blocks running along a city- block of Maryland Avenue is the featured aspect of Gehry‘s design: a narrative tapestry of scenes from Eisenhower‘s life. Over seven stories tall, the tapestry will impede the view of the building located directly behind it. That building is the Department of Education, named for Lyndon Johnson.1 Decades after two of the greatest political titans of the twentieth century had passed away, their legacies were still in competition. -
The Vietnam War, 1965-1975
How I will compress four lectures into one because I’ve run out of time. A last‐minute addition to my bibliography: • B.G. Burkett (Vanderbilt, 66) and Glenna Whitley, Stolen Valor: How the Vietnam Generation was robbed of its Heroes and its History (Dallas, 1998). • Burkett makes many claims in this book, but the most fascinating aspect of it is his exposure of the “phony Vietnam veteran,” a phenomenon that still amazes me. “Many Flags” campaign ‐ Allied support 1.) South Korea –largest contingent – 48,000(would lose 4407 men)‐US financial support 2.) Australia – 8000, lost 469 3.)New Zealand, 1000, lost 37 4.) Thailand – 12,000 troops, 351 lost 5.) Philippines – medical and small number of forces in pacification 6.) Nationalist China –covert operations American Force levels/casualties in Vietnam(K=killed W=wounded) 1964 23,200 K 147 W 522 1965 190,000 K 1369 W 3308 1966 390,000 5008 16,526 1967 500,000 9377 32,370 1968 535,000 14,589 46,797 1969 475,000 9414 32,940 1970 334,000 4221 15,211 1971 140,000 1381 4767 1972 50,000 300 587 Soviet and Chinese Support for North Vietnam • 1.) Despite Sino‐Soviet dispute and outbreak of Cultural Revolution in China, support continues • 2.) Soviet supply of anti‐aircraft technology and supplies to the North –along with medical supplies, arms, tanks, planes, helicopters, artillery, and other military equipment. Soviet ships provided intelligence on B‐52 raids – 3000 soldiers in North Vietnam (Soviet govt. concealed extent of support) • 3.) Chinese supply of anti‐aircraft units and engineering -
For Their Eyes Only
FOR THEIR EYES ONLY How Presidential Appointees Treat Public Documents as Personal Property Steve Weinberg THE CENTER FOR PUBLIC INTEGRITY FOR THEIR EYES ONLY How Presidential Appointees Treat Public Documents as Personal Property Steve Weinberg THE CENTER FOR PUBLIC INTEGRITY The Center for Public Integrity is an independent, nonprofit organization that examines public service and ethics-related issues. The Center's REPORTS combine the substantive study of government with in-depth journalism. The Center is funded by foundations, corporations, labor unions, individuals, and revenue from news organizations. This Center study and the views expressed herein are those of the author. What is written here does not necessarily reflect the views of individual members of The Center for Public Integrity's Board of Directors or Advisory Board. Copyright (c) 1992 THE CENTER FOR PUBLIC INTEGRITY. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the written permission of The Center for Public Integrity. ISBN 0-962-90127-X "Liberty cannot be preserved without a general knowledge among the people, who have a right and a desire to know. But, besides this, they have a right, an indisputable, unalienable, indefeasible, divine right to that most dreaded and envied kind of knowledge - I mean of the characters and conduct of their rulers." John Adams (1735-1826), second president of the United States Steve Weinberg is a freelance investigative journalist in Columbia, Mo. From 1983-1990, he served as executive director of Investigative Reporters & Editors, an international organization with about 3000 members. -
Section Summary 16 ORIGINS of the VIETNAM WAR SECTION 1
Name Class Date CHAPTER Section Summary 16 ORIGINS OF THE VIETNAM WAR SECTION 1 READING CHECK France had controlled Vietnam as a colony since the 1800s. After World War II, however, a strong independence movement took Who were the Vietcong? hold. The movement was led by Ho Chi Minh, who had been fight- ing for Vietnamese independence for 30 years. Ho Chi Minh had fled Vietnam in 1912. During his travels around the world, he embraced communism and had formed ties with the Soviet Union. The United States became involved in Vietnam for several rea- sons. First, it wanted to keep France as an ally. To ensure French support in the Cold War, President Truman agreed to help France regain control over Vietnam. Second, both Truman and Eisenhower wanted to contain the spread of communism. They believed in the domino theory. This idea held that if Vietnam fell to communism, its closest neighbors would follow. Communism would then spread throughout the entire region. VOCABULARY STRATEGY Despite billions of U.S. dollars in support, France lost its hold on What does the word ensure Vietnam. In 1954, French troops were trapped at a military base at mean in the underlined sen- Dien Bien Phu. After 56 days, the French surrendered. At a peace tence? Circle any words in the conference in Geneva, Switzerland, France granted independence to surrounding sentences that Vietnam. The Geneva Accords divided the country into North could help you learn what Vietnam and South Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh’s communist forces took ensure means. power in the north, and an anticommunist government, supported by the United States, ruled in the south. -
Cheney, Richard (3)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 127, folder “Cheney, Richard (3)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. THE. W!oill'.E ROY WASHINGTO~ FROM RON NESSEN H~-~~ o-t/~ +'-.e.- +'-,;,3 s . E ~ ?"a,V'ot.-~-&. It! a. vJ I~,P. 'P I-tt:. t/C;- s ..:. f «A: -s- . -r~~ -f. l. ~ J.J $ ~ vv--/-,"1. +h.,-r ,-,-/u-..-J.I~V t:S ·- .. · 'ft!_ 'S D /tJit"cP# ----'> -------__...,... _____ -···- . ____ ,._. ..-------- . ,; Digitized from Box 127 of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library ~ :I .~ l'• '. '6 •' . ' ~~I .,.. _ 1 :.. '¥ f 1 ~ .'i / ° J I 1 ,_ . ~ ... ~ • ., r • T• • A •i •• • ' J' ~. ( .,... •• • • •• • .. ••• '• .. .. ..... .., " '. .. .. .'i;~ · ...... It . .. - > ' . J f • • ' . ·: .. r ' . '} . .-· .. ... ........·~ • + · ... • ..:· ' ..:·....:.. 1 tf~'t' 4,1 . :~.. ·· ~ ...h.,_, s • •. l .. .' ' . ... ::.• .. J, .. ·,, ,, •. ·----- FOREIGN PRESS CENTER National Press Buildin!<,. Room 202, W J.snir.g:on, D.C. 20004 ( 202) 382-7701 Juna ll, 1975 Mr. -
Mcnamara, Clifford, Burdens of Vietnam 1965-1969
Secretaries of Defense Historical Series McNamara, Clifford, and the Burdens of Vietnam 1965-1969 SECRETARIES OF DEFENSE HISTORICAL SERIES Erin R. Mahan and Stuart I. Rochester, General Editors Volume I: Steven L. Rearden, The Formative Years, 1947-1950 (1984) Volume II: Doris M. Condit, The Test of War, 1950-1953 (1988) Volume III: Richard M. Leighton, Strategy, Money, and the New Look, 1953-1956 (2001) Volume IV: Robert J. Watson, Into the Missile Age, 1956-1960 (1997) Volume V: Lawrence S. Kaplan, Ronald D. Landa, and Edward J. Drea, The McNamara Ascendancy, 1961-1965 (2006) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Includes bibliography and index. Contents: v. l. The formative years, 1947-1950 / Steven L. Rearden – v. 2. The test of war, 1950-1953 / Doris M. Condit – v. 3. Strategy, money, and the new look, 1953-1956 / Richard M. Leighton – v. 4. Into the missile age, 1956-1960 / Robert J. Watson – v. 5. The McNamara ascendancy, 1961-1965 / Lawrence S. Kaplan, Ronald D. Landa, and Edward J. Drea. 1. United States. Dept. of Defense—History. I. Goldberg, Alfred, 1918- . II. Rearden, Steven L., 1946- . III. Condit, Doris M., 1921- . IV. Leighton, Richard M., 1914-2001. V. Watson, Robert J., 1920- 2010. VI. Kaplan, Lawrence S., 1924- ; Landa, Ronald D., 1940- ; Drea, Edward J., 1944- . VII. United States. Dept. of Defense. Historical Office. UA23.6.R4 1984 353.6’09 84-601133 Foreword Volume VI of the Secretaries of Defense Historical Series covers the last four years of the Lyndon Johnson administration—March 1965–January 1969, which were dominated by the Vietnam conflict. -
United States Compensate Them
Order Code RL30606 Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web U.S. Prisoners of War and Civilian American Citizens Captured and Interned by Japan in World War II: The Issue of Compensation by Japan Updated July 15, 2002 Gary K. Reynolds Information Research Specialist Information Research Division Congressional Research Service ˜ The Library of Congress U.S. Prisoners of War and Civilian American Citizens Captured and Interned by Japan in World War II: The Issue of Compensation by Japan Summary Of the approximately 130,000 American prisoners of war (POWs) in World War II (WWII), 27,000 or more were held by Japan. Of the approximately 19,000 American civilian internees held in WWII, close to 14,000 were captured and interned by Japan. After the conclusion of WWII, Congress passed the War Claims Act of 1948, which created a War Claims Commission (WCC) to adjudicate claims and pay out small lump-sum compensation payments from a War Claims Fund consisting of seized Japanese, German, and other Axis assets. Payments to POWs held by either Germany or Japan were at the rate of $1 to $2.50 per day of imprisonment. The WCC also paid civilian internees of Japan $60 for each month of internment, and civilians were also eligible for compensation for disability or death. The War Claims Act of 1948 did not authorize compensation for civilian internees held by Germany. Since payments were already being made to U.S. POWs out of Japanese assets via the War Claims Act, POWs of other Allied countries were given first claim on payments from Japanese assets situated in neutral countries or countries with which the Allied Powers were at war, as specified in the Multilateral Peace Treaty with Japan of 1951.