THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY (Founded by Louis Bamberger and Mrs . Felix Fuld) PRINTED BY BULLETIN NO. 7 THE PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY 20 Nassau Street Princeton, New Jersey March, 1938 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Extract from the letter addressed by . ., iv the Founders to their Trustees, dated Trustees Newark, New Jersey, June 6, r930 "It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, Officers of the Board of Trustees vi that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as and Standing Committees in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be viii taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel Staff of the Institute strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, above all, the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any x conditions as to personnel other than those designed to pro- Calendar, 1938-1939 mote the objects for which this institution is established, and xi particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, Members, 1937-1938 ' ' .' creed, or sex." I History and Organization II School of Mathematics 7 I1I School of Economics and Politics 1 3 I\' School of Humanistic Studies 15 . 21 1' Applications ut LIFE TRUSTEES 1941 LOUIS BAMBERGER ALEXIS CARREL South Orange, New Jersey New York, New York MRS . FELIX FULD JULIUS FRIEDENWALD South Orange, New Jersey Baltimore, Maryland LEWIS H . WEED TRUSTEES Baltimore, Maryland Terms Expire 1942 1938 JOHN R. HARDIN EDGAR S . BAMBERGER Newark, New Jersey West Orange, New Jersey SAMUEL D . LEIDESDORF ALANSON B . HOUGHTON New York, New York Washington, District of Columbia WALTER W . STEWART HERBERT H . MAASS New York, New York New York, New York 1939 FRANK AYDELOTTE Swarthmore, Pennsylvania FLORENCE R . SABIN New York, New York OSWALD VEBLEN Princeton, New Jersey 1940 ABRAHAM FLEXNER Princeton, New Jersey WINFIELD W . RIEFLER Princeton, New Jersey PERCY S. STRAUS New York, New York v iv OFFICERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FINANCE COMMITTEE C hatrman : ALANSON B . HOUGHTON MR. HARDIN, Chairman VZCe-Chatrman : HERBERT H . MAASS MR. LOUIS BAMBERGER Vice-Chairman : WALTER W . STEWART MR. LEIDESDORF Treasurer : SAMUEL D . LEIDESDORF MR. MAASS Assistant Treasurer : IRA A. SCHUR MR. RIEFLER Selretary : ESTHER S. BAILEY BUDGET COMMITTEE STANDING COMMITTEES OF THE MR . WEED, Chairman BOARD OF TRUSTEES MR. AYDELOTTE MR. STEWART MR. LOUIS BAMBERGER, MRS . FULD, the Chairman and THE TREASURER Vice-Chairmen are members of all cammittees. THE DIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ON BUILDINGS AND MR. WEED, Chairman GROUNDS MR . EDGAR S . BAMBERGER MR . MAASS, Chairman MR . LEIDESDORF MR. AYDELOTTE MISS SABIN MR . VEBLEN THE DIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE THE DIRECTOR OF THE INSTITUTE COMMITTEE ON NOMINATIONS MR . AYDELOTTE, Chairman MR . FRIEDENWALD MR . STRAUS Vl V11 STAFF OF THE INSTITUTE SCHOOL OF HUMANISTIC STUDIES Director: ABRAHAM FLEXNER Professors HETTY GOLDMAN SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS ERNST HERZFELD . LOWE Professors E . A BENJAMIN D . MERITT JAMES WADDELL ALEXANDER ERWIN PANOFSKY ALBERT EINSTEIN MARSTON MORSE Visiting Pro f essor OSWALD VEBLEN EDWARD CAPPS JOHN VON NEUMANN HERMANN WEYL Field Mediaevalist Associate KURT WEITZMANN WALTHER MAYER Field Archaeologist *WILLIAM ALEXANDER CAMPBELL Assistan ts PETER G . BERGMANN Assistant HERBERT BUSEMANN W. KENDRICK PRITCHETT JOHN W . CALKIN ALFRED H . CLIFFORD IVIORRIS KLINE GEST ORIENTAL LIBRARY RUFUS OLDENBURGER Curator L. ROY WILCOX NANCY LEE SWANN SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICS •Through the courtesy of Wrllesley College, Professor Campbell will conduct Professors field work at Antioch for ohe next five successive seasons in behalf of the Institute. EDWARD MEAD EARLE DAVID !VIITRANY WINFIELD W . RIEFLER 1% MEMBERS, 1937-1938 VALENTIN BARGMANN, Ph.D., University of Ziirich, 1936 MIRIAM F . BECKER, Ph.D., Yale University, 1934 HERBERT BUSEMANN, Ph.D., University of Gdttingen, 1931 GLANVILLE DOWNEY, Ph.D., Princeton University, 1934 Curator, Epigraphical Museum, Princeton University CALENDAR RICHARD ETTINGHAUSEN, Ph.D., University of Frankfurt am 1 938- 1939 Main, 1931 October I : First term opens *EUGENE FEENBERG, Ph.D., Harvard University, 1933 December 17 : First term closes *GEORGE H . FORSYTH, JR ., M .F.A. in Architecture, Princeton January 17 : Second term opens University, 1927 May Second term closes Assistant Professor, Princeton University HAROLD W . GLIDDEN, Ph.D., Princeton University, 1937 JACOB HAMMER, Ph.D., Columbia University, I925 Associate Professor, Hunter College "ERICH HECKE, Ph .D., University of GBttingen, 1910 Professor, University of Hamburg *VACLAV HLAVAT, Ph.D., Charles University, Prague, 1921 Professor, Charles University, Prague WITOLD HUREWICZ, Ph.D ., University of Vienna, 1926 Privatdozent, University of Amsterdam LEOPOLD INFELD, Ph.D ., University of Cracow, 1921 Privatdozent, University of Lw ōw MARIE M . JOHNSON, Ph.D., University of Chicago, 1928 Assistant Professor, Oberlin College EDWARD J. JURJI, Ph.D., Princeton University, 1936 PIERCE W . KETCHUM, Ph.D ., University of Illinois, 1926 Associate, University of Illinois *First term '"•Second 2erm X1 x HARRY LEVY, Ph.D., Princeton University, 1924 RICHARD F. S. STARR, B .S., Cornell University, 1924 Assistant Professor, University of Illinois RICHARD STILLWELL, M .F.A. in Architecture, Princeton Uni- CYRUS C. MACDUFFEE, Ph .D., University of Chicago, 1921 versity, 1924 Professor, University of Wisconsin Assistant Professor, Princeton University **ALPHEUS THOMAS MASON, Ph .D., Princeton University, HANNS SWARZENSKI, Dr . Phil ., University of Bonn, 1927 1923 . TOMPKINS II, Ph.D., University of Michigan, Professor, Princeton University CHARLES B 1936 *NEAL H . McCoy, Ph .D., State University of Iowa, 1929 National Research Council Fellow Associate Professor, Smith College H. T. WADE-GERY (M .C.), M .A., New College, Oxford, MALCOLM F . MCGREGOR, Ph.D., University of Cincinnati, 1919 1937 Fellow of Wadham College Instructor, University of Cincinnati HUBERT S . WALL, Ph .D., University of Wisconsin, 1927 CHARLES B. MORREY, JR ., Ph.D., Harvard University, 1931 Associate Professor, Northwestern University Assistant Professor, University of California DONALD N. WILBER, M.F.A. in Architecture, Princeton Uni- ANTHONY P. MORSE, Ph.D., Brown University, 1937 versity, 1 933 TADASI NAKAYAMA, Rigakushi, Tokyo Imperial University, AUREL WINTNER, Ph .D., University of Leipzig, 1928 1935 Associate Professor, The Johns Hopkins University Assistant Professor, Osaka Imperial University CECIL J . NESBITT, Ph.D., University of Toronto, 1937 MAXWELL H . A. NEWMAN, M.A., St. John's College, Cam- bridge, 1923 Fellow of St . John's College, Cambridge, and Cambridge University Lecturer RUFUS OLDENBURGER, Ph .D., University of Chicago, 1 934 Assistant Professor, Armour Institute of Technology JOHN F. RANDOLPH, Ph .D., Cornell University 1934 MOSES RICHARDSON, Ph.D., Columbia University, 1936 Tutor, Brooklyn College HYMAN SERBIN, Ph .D., University of Pittsburgh, 1937 MALCOLM F. SMILEY, Ph .D., University of Chicago, 1937 FRANK SMITHIES, Ph.D., Cambridge University, 1937 xii I HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION Fox more than half a century preceding the out- break of the World War in 1914 American scholars and scientists, who for the most part had already re- ceived a Ph.D. degree at Harvard, Johns Hopkins, Chicago, or elsewhere, and who desired further and usually informal opportunities for research under the direction of a great master, generally resorted to a foreign university. Meanwhile, however, progress in provision for advanced study beyond the graduate school had been taking place in America. The leading American uni- versities in addition to offering abundant opportu- nities for those desiring to obtain the Ph.D. degree have during the last generation steadily increased their facilities for advanced work on the part of com- petent and well trained individuals . The Rockefeller Foundation, the Carnegie Corporation of New York, and the Commonwealth Fund had been making grants which enabled young men, who had already attained the Ph.D. degree, to work under first-rate scholars and scientists in American universities quite independently of the ordinary routine of the grad- uate school. In 1930 an additional step forward was taken when Mr. Louis Bamberger and his sister, Mrs. Felix Fuld, decided to establish an institute for ad- vanced study—an institute, which was entirely free 2 THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY 3 from all degree-giving obligations and which was capital funds of the Institute so that in addition to designed to offer informal opportunities, without the School of Mathematics, which was opened in routine, to a carefully chosen faculty of distinguished 1 933, the School of Humanistic Studies and the scholars who would surround themselves with a School of Economics and Politics were begun in group of selected younger men, who had given 1 935 . promise of scholarly and scientific development . The In order that the ideals of the Founders might Institute discarded both undergraduate and graduate be realized, the organization and administration of departments on the ground that these already existed the Institute have been kept simple and unostenta- in abundance ; the real need was felt to lie in the field tious, and the several schools are in their internal beyond the graduate school . The Trustees and conduct as nearly autonomous as possible. Coōpera- Faculty of Princeton University welcomed