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Publications of Members, 1930-1954
THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY PUBLICATIONS OF MEMBERS 1930 • 1954 PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY . 1955 COPYRIGHT 1955, BY THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, PRINCETON, N.J. CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 BIBLIOGRAPHY 9 DIRECTORY OF INSTITUTE MEMBERS, 1930-1954 205 MEMBERS WITH APPOINTMENTS OF LONG TERM 265 TRUSTEES 269 buH FOREWORD FOREWORD Publication of this bibliography marks the 25th Anniversary of the foundation of the Institute for Advanced Study. The certificate of incorporation of the Institute was signed on the 20th day of May, 1930. The first academic appointments, naming Albert Einstein and Oswald Veblen as Professors at the Institute, were approved two and one- half years later, in initiation of academic work. The Institute for Advanced Study is devoted to the encouragement, support and patronage of learning—of science, in the old, broad, undifferentiated sense of the word. The Institute partakes of the character both of a university and of a research institute j but it also differs in significant ways from both. It is unlike a university, for instance, in its small size—its academic membership at any one time numbers only a little over a hundred. It is unlike a university in that it has no formal curriculum, no scheduled courses of instruction, no commitment that all branches of learning be rep- resented in its faculty and members. It is unlike a research institute in that its purposes are broader, that it supports many separate fields of study, that, with one exception, it maintains no laboratories; and above all in that it welcomes temporary members, whose intellectual development and growth are one of its principal purposes. -
ITS FIRST FIFTY YEARS Carl Β
THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA: ITS FIRST FIFTY YEARS Carl Β. Boyer Brooklyn College, CUNY Richard W. Feldmann Lycoming College Harry M. Gehman SUN Yat Buffalo Phillip S. Jones University of Michigan Kenneth O. May University of Toronto Harriet F. Montague SUNYat Buffalo Gregory H. Moore University of Toronto Robert A. Rosenbaum Wesleyan University Emory P. Starke Rutgers University Dirk J. Struik Massachusetts Institute of Technology THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA: ITS FIRST FIFTY YEARS Kenneth O. May, editor University of Toronto, Canada Published and distributed by The Mathematical Association of America Copyright 1972 by THE MATHEMATICAL ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA (INCORPORATED) PREFACE The fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Mathematical Association of America was celebrated at the 1965 summer meeting at Cornell University [MONTHLY 72, 1053-1059]. The invited addresses on that occasion dealing with the past, present, and future of the Association and of mathematics, were published in the fiftieth anniversary issue [MONTHLY 74, Num. !, Part II] under the editorship of Carl B. Allendoerfer. The historical addresses by A. A. Bennett, R. A. Rosenbaum, W. L. Duren, Jr., and P. S. Jones whetted appetites for a more complete story of the Association. Early in 1966, on a recommendation of the Committee on Publications, President R. L. Wilder appointed a Committee on the Preparation of a Fifty-Year History of the Association consisting of Carl B. Boyer, Kenneth O. May (Chairman), and Dirk J. Struik. An appropriation of one thousand dollars was set aside to meet incidental expenses. The Committee began its work with very ambitious plans, hoping to get financial support for interviewing older members of the Association and the preparation of special studies on particular aspects of the Association's work. -
Oswald Veblen
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES O S W A L D V E B LEN 1880—1960 A Biographical Memoir by S A U N D E R S M A C L ANE Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoir COPYRIGHT 1964 NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON D.C. OSWALD VEBLEN June 24,1880—August 10, i960 BY SAUNDERS MAC LANE SWALD VEBLEN, geometer and mathematical statesman, spanned O in his career the full range of twentieth-century Mathematics in the United States; his leadership in transmitting ideas and in de- veloping young men has had a substantial effect on the present mathematical scene. At the turn of the century he studied at Chi- cago, at the period when that University was first starting the doc- toral training of young Mathematicians in this country. He then continued at Princeton University, where his own work and that of his students played a leading role in the development of an outstand- ing department of Mathematics in Fine Hall. Later, when the In- stitute for Advanced Study was founded, Veblen became one of its first professors, and had a vital part in the development of this In- stitute as a world center for mathematical research. Veblen's background was Norwegian. His grandfather, Thomas Anderson Veblen, (1818-1906) came from Odegaard, Homan Con- gregation, Vester Slidre Parish, Valdris. After work as a cabinet- maker and as a Norwegian soldier, he was anxious to come to the United States. -
Arxiv:1603.03361V3 [Math.GN] 18 May 2016 Eeecs R O Eddfrtermidro Hspaper
PRODUCTS OF MENGER SPACES: A COMBINATORIAL APPROACH PIOTR SZEWCZAK AND BOAZ TSABAN Abstract. We construct Menger subsets of the real line whose product is not Menger in the plane. In contrast to earlier constructions, our approach is purely combinatorial. The set theoretic hypothesis used in our construction is far milder than earlier ones, and holds in all but the most exotic models of real set theory. On the other hand, we establish pro- ductive properties for versions of Menger’s property parameterized by filters and semifilters. In particular, the Continuum Hypothesis implies that every productively Menger set of real numbers is productively Hurewicz, and each ultrafilter version of Menger’s property is strictly between Menger’s and Hurewicz’s classic properties. We include a number of open problems emerging from this study. 1. Introduction A topological space X is Menger if for each sequence U1, U2,... of open covers of the space X, there are finite subsets F1 ⊆ U1, F2 ⊆ U2, . whose union forms a cover of the space X. This property was introduced by Karl Menger [17], and reformulated as presented here by Witold Hurewicz [11]. Menger’s property is strictly between σ-compact and Lindelöf. Now a central notion in topology, it has applications in a number of branches of topology and set theory. The undefined notions in the following example, which are available in the indicated references, are not needed for the remainder of this paper. Example 1.1. Menger spaces form the most general class for which a positive solution of arXiv:1603.03361v3 [math.GN] 18 May 2016 the D-space problem is known [2, Corolarry 2.7], and the most general class for which a general form of Hindman’s Finite Sums Theorem holds [25]. -
Herbert Busemann (1905--1994)
HERBERT BUSEMANN (1905–1994) A BIOGRAPHY FOR HIS SELECTED WORKS EDITION ATHANASE PAPADOPOULOS Herbert Busemann1 was born in Berlin on May 12, 1905 and he died in Santa Ynez, County of Santa Barbara (California) on February 3, 1994, where he used to live. His first paper was published in 1930, and his last one in 1993. He wrote six books, two of which were translated into Russian in the 1960s. Initially, Busemann was not destined for a mathematical career. His father was a very successful businessman who wanted his son to be- come, like him, a businessman. Thus, the young Herbert, after high school (in Frankfurt and Essen), spent two and a half years in business. Several years later, Busemann recalls that he always wanted to study mathematics and describes this period as “two and a half lost years of my life.” Busemann started university in 1925, at the age of 20. Between the years 1925 and 1930, he studied in Munich (one semester in the aca- demic year 1925/26), Paris (the academic year 1927/28) and G¨ottingen (one semester in 1925/26, and the years 1928/1930). He also made two 1Most of the information about Busemann is extracted from the following sources: (1) An interview with Constance Reid, presumably made on April 22, 1973 and kept at the library of the G¨ottingen University. (2) Other documents held at the G¨ottingen University Library, published in Vol- ume II of the present edition of Busemann’s Selected Works. (3) Busemann’s correspondence with Richard Courant which is kept at the Archives of New York University. -
Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany
Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany Individual Fates and Global Impact Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze princeton university press princeton and oxford Copyright 2009 © by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 6 Oxford Street, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1TW All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Siegmund-Schultze, R. (Reinhard) Mathematicians fleeing from Nazi Germany: individual fates and global impact / Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-691-12593-0 (cloth) — ISBN 978-0-691-14041-4 (pbk.) 1. Mathematicians—Germany—History—20th century. 2. Mathematicians— United States—History—20th century. 3. Mathematicians—Germany—Biography. 4. Mathematicians—United States—Biography. 5. World War, 1939–1945— Refuges—Germany. 6. Germany—Emigration and immigration—History—1933–1945. 7. Germans—United States—History—20th century. 8. Immigrants—United States—History—20th century. 9. Mathematics—Germany—History—20th century. 10. Mathematics—United States—History—20th century. I. Title. QA27.G4S53 2008 510.09'04—dc22 2008048855 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America 10 987654321 Contents List of Figures and Tables xiii Preface xvii Chapter 1 The Terms “German-Speaking Mathematician,” “Forced,” and“Voluntary Emigration” 1 Chapter 2 The Notion of “Mathematician” Plus Quantitative Figures on Persecution 13 Chapter 3 Early Emigration 30 3.1. The Push-Factor 32 3.2. The Pull-Factor 36 3.D. -
Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach Emigration Of
Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach Report No. 51/2011 DOI: 10.4171/OWR/2011/51 Emigration of Mathematicians and Transmission of Mathematics: Historical Lessons and Consequences of the Third Reich Organised by June Barrow-Green, Milton-Keynes Della Fenster, Richmond Joachim Schwermer, Wien Reinhard Siegmund-Schultze, Kristiansand October 30th – November 5th, 2011 Abstract. This conference provided a focused venue to explore the intellec- tual migration of mathematicians and mathematics spurred by the Nazis and still influential today. The week of talks and discussions (both formal and informal) created a rich opportunity for the cross-fertilization of ideas among almost 50 mathematicians, historians of mathematics, general historians, and curators. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 01A60. Introduction by the Organisers The talks at this conference tended to fall into the two categories of lists of sources and historical arguments built from collections of sources. This combi- nation yielded an unexpected richness as new archival materials and new angles of investigation of those archival materials came together to forge a deeper un- derstanding of the migration of mathematicians and mathematics during the Nazi era. The idea of measurement, for example, emerged as a critical idea of the confer- ence. The conference called attention to and, in fact, relied on, the seemingly stan- dard approach to measuring emigration and immigration by counting emigrants and/or immigrants and their host or departing countries. Looking further than this numerical approach, however, the conference participants learned the value of measuring emigration/immigration via other less obvious forms of measurement. 2892 Oberwolfach Report 51/2011 Forms completed by individuals on religious beliefs and other personal attributes provided an interesting cartography of Italian society in the 1930s and early 1940s. -
INDEX to VOLUME 26 of the JOURNAL of the ASSOCIATION of LUNAR and PLANETARY OBSERVERS (The Strolling Astronomer) by Michael
INDEX TO VOLUME 26 OF THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF LUNAR AND PLANETARY OBSERVERS (The Strolling Astronomer) by Michael Mattei PUBLICATION DATA Issue Number 1-2, May, 1976.......Pages 1-40 3-4, August, 1976..... 41-84 5-6, November, 1976... 85-128 7-8, February, 1977... 129-172 9-10, May, 1977........ 173-216 11-12, August, 1977..... 217-260 AUTHOR INDEX Pages Ashbrook, Joseph An Amateur Program: Timing Eclipses of Jovian Satellites 233-235 Benton, Julius L. American and Italian Observations of Saturn in 1974-1975: Some Comparative Notes 166-168 A Simultaneous Observing Program for the Planet Saturn: Some Preliminary Remarks 164-166 Visual and Photographic Observations of Saturn: The 1974-75 Apparition 85-94 The 1975-76 Apparition of Saturn 173-184 The Planet Venus: A Summary of Five Morning Apparitions, 1967 - 1974 150-155 Two Eastern (Evening) Apparitions of the Planet Venus: 1973-74 and 1974-75 100-109 The 1976-77 Eastern (Evening) Apparition of the Planet Venus: Visual and Photographic Investigations 240-251 Budine, Phillip W. Jupiter in 1974-75: Rotation Periods 129-135 Jupiter in 1975-76: Rotation Periods 217-231 Measured Photographic Latitudes on Jupiter in 1975-76 231-233 Observed Latitudes of Jupiter's Belts and Zones in 1974-75 118-119 The A.L.P.O. at Kutztown, Pennsylvania 123-125 Capen, C.F. A Season for Vikings 41-46 Capen, Charles F. and Rhoads, Robert B. Mars 1971 Apparition - Martian Polar Hoods - ALPO Report II 1-8 Sassone-Corsi, Emilio and Sassone- Corsi, Paolo Some Systematic Observations of Saturn During its 1974-75 Apparition 8-12 Delano, Kenneth J. -
Einstein, History, and Other Passions : the Rebellion Against Science at the End of the Twentieth Century
Einstein, history, and other passions : the rebellion against science at the end of the twentieth century The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Holton, Gerald James. 2000. Einstein, history, and other passions : the rebellion against science at the end of the twentieth century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Published Version http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674004337 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23975375 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA EINSTEIN, HISTORY, ANDOTHER PASSIONS ;/S*6 ? ? / ? L EINSTEIN, HISTORY, ANDOTHER PASSIONS E?3^ 0/" Cf72fM?y GERALD HOLTON A HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS C%772^r?<%gf, AizziMc^zzyeZZy LozzJozz, E?zg/%??J Q AOOO Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book and Addison-Wesley was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in capital letters. PHYSICS RESEARCH LIBRARY NOV 0 4 1008 Copyright @ 1996 by Gerald Holton All rights reserved HARVARD UNIVERSITY Printed in the United States of America An earlier version of this book was published by the American Institute of Physics Press in 1995. First Harvard University Press paperback edition, 2000 o/ CoMgre.w C%t%/og;Hg-zM-PMMt'%tz'c7t Dzztzz Holton, Gerald James. -
Interview with Harold Zirin
HAROLD ZIRIN (1930-2012) INTERVIEWED BY SHIRLEY K. COHEN February 3, 10 and 17, 1998 Photo taken 1977 ARCHIVES CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California Subject area Astronomy, astrophysics Abstract An interview in three sessions, in February 1998, by Shirley K. Cohen with Harold Zirin, Professor of Astrophysics, emeritus, in the Division of Physics, Math and Astronomy at Caltech. Dr. Zirin received his undergraduate and graduate education at Harvard (AB, 1950; AM, 1951; PhD, 1953). He joined the Caltech faculty in 1964, became Chief Astronomer at the Big Bear Solar Observatory in 1970 and Director in 1980. The interview briefly covers Zirin’s youth and early education in New York City and Bridgeport, Connecticut, and notes his youthful interest in astronomy and success in school. Recalls Harvard astronomers Bart Bok, Harlow Shapley, Armin Deutsch, Donald Menzel. PhD work on stellar opacities under Philip Morse at MIT with Harvard’s approval; leads to first job at RAND Corporation and first move to California, 1952-1953. Denial of security clearance based on father’s membership in Communist party sends him back to Harvard for postdoc position. Move to Colorado to High Altitude Observatory and beginning of solar http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechOH:OH_Zirin_H observing; reminiscences of S. Chandrasekhar, G. Munch. Recruitment to Caltech by J. Greenstein, R. Leighton, 1964. Discusses history of solar observing at Mt. Wilson Observatory. Site survey for new Caltech solar observatory; role of astronomer Sue Kiefer; selection of Big Bear Lake site in San Bernardino Mountains (1967). Story of construction and operation of Big Bear Solar Observatory, concluding with its transfer to New Jersey Institute of Technology (1997). -
Passmore, J. (1967). Logical Positivism. in P. Edwards (Ed.). the Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Vol. 5, 52- 57). New York: Macmillan
Passmore, J. (1967). Logical Positivism. In P. Edwards (Ed.). The Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Vol. 5, 52- 57). New York: Macmillan. LOGICAL POSITIVISM is the name given in 1931 by A. E. Blumberg and Herbert Feigl to a set of philosophical ideas put forward by the Vienna circle. Synonymous expressions include "consistent empiricism," "logical empiricism," "scientific empiricism," and "logical neo-positivism." The name logical positivism is often, but misleadingly, used more broadly to include the "analytical" or "ordinary language philosophies developed at Cambridge and Oxford. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The logical positivists thought of themselves as continuing a nineteenth-century Viennese empirical tradition, closely linked with British empiricism and culminating in the antimetaphysical, scientifically oriented teaching of Ernst Mach. In 1907 the mathematician Hans Hahn, the economist Otto Neurath, and the physicist Philipp Frank, all of whom were later to be prominent members of the Vienna circle, came together as an informal group to discuss the philosophy of science. They hoped to give an account of science which would do justice -as, they thought, Mach did not- to the central importance of mathematics, logic, and theoretical physics, without abandoning Mach's general doctrine that science is, fundamentally, the description of experience. As a solution to their problems, they looked to the "new positivism" of Poincare; in attempting to reconcile Mach and Poincare; they anticipated the main themes of logical positivism. In 1922, at the instigation of members of the "Vienna group," Moritz Schlick was invited to Vienna as professor, like Mach before him (1895-1901), in the philosophy of the inductive sciences. Schlick had been trained as a scientist under Max Planck and had won a name for himself as an interpreter of Einstein's theory of relativity. -
Founded by Mr. Louis Bamberger and Mrs. Felix Fuld
THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY Founded by Mr. Louis Bamberger and Mrs. Felix Fuld BULLETIN NO. 10 THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY Princeton, New Jersey October, 1941 TABLE OF CONTENTS Extract from the letter addressed by PAGB the Founders fo their Trustees, dated Newark, New Jersey, June 6, 1930 Trustees ................................... i~ "It is fundamental in our purpose, and our express desire, that in the appointments to the staff and faculty, as well as Officers of the Board of Trustees in the admission of workers and students, no account shall be and Standing Committees ................... vi taken, directly or indirectly, of race, religion, or sex. We feel strongly that the spirit characteristic of America at its noblest, Staff of the Institute.. ........................viii above all, the pursuit of higher learning, cannot admit of any conditions as to personnel other than those designed to pro- Calendar, 1941-1942 ........................ x mote the objects for which this institution is established, and particularly with no regard whatever to accidents of race, Members, 1940-1941 ........................ xi creed, or sex." 'r 1941-1942 ........................ xiv I History and Organization .................... 1 11 School of Mathematics ....................... 5 111 School of Economics and Politics ............... 14 1V School of Humanistic Studies ................. 23 V Gest Oriental Library ........................ 32 LIFE TRUSTEES FRANKAYDELOTTE LOUISBAMBERGER Princeton, New Jersey South Orange, New Jersey LEWISW. DOUGLAS MRS. FELIXFULD New York, New York South Orange, New Jersey OSWALDVEBLEN Princeton, New Jersey TRUSTEES Terms Expire ABRAHAMFLEXNER New York, New York WINFIELDW. RIEFLER ALEXISCARREL Princeton, New Jersey New York, New York LESSINGJ. ROSENWALD JOHN R. HARDIN Jenkintown, Pennsylvania Newark, New Jersey SAMUELD. LEIDESDORP New York, New York JULIUS FRIEDENWALD* Baltimore, Maryland MICHAELSCHMP EDGARS.