DOCSLIB.ORG

Radiocarbon Dates from the Grotte Du Renne and Saint-Césaire Support a Neandertal Origin for the Châtelperronian

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Radiocarbon Dates from the Grotte Du Renne and Saint-Césaire Support a Neandertal Origin for the Châtelperronian Radiocarbon dates from the Grotte du Renne and Saint-Césaire support a Neandertal origin for the Châtelperronian Jean-Jacques Hublina,1, Sahra Talamoa, Michèle Julienb, Francine Davidb, Nelly Connetb,c, Pierre Bodub, Bernard Vandermeerschd, and Michael P. Richardsa,e aDepartment of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; bUnité Mixte de Recherche 7041 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité, 92023 Nanterre, France; cInstitut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (INRAP), 86000 Poitiers, France; dUnité Mixte de Recherche 5199 du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique—Préhistoire à l’Actuel: Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie, Université Bordeaux 1, 33405 Talence cedex, France; and eDepartment of Anthropology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1 Edited by Richard G. Klein, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved September 24, 2012 (received for review July 27, 2012) The transition from the Middle Paleolithic (MP) to Upper Paleo- Despite this fossil evidence, the question of whether Nean- lithic (UP) is marked by the replacement of late Neandertals by dertals manufactured the CP remains the topic of intense debate. modern humans in Europe between 50,000 and 40,000 y ago. This results in part from the fact that the CP is the so-called Châtelperronian (CP) artifact assemblages found in central France “transitional” assemblage that documents the broadest spectrum and northern Spain date to this time period. So far, it is the only of behavioral features reminiscent of the subsequent local UP, such assemblage type that has yielded Neandertal remains directly which was undisputedly created by modern humans. These fea- associated with UP style artifacts. CP assemblages also include tures include the production of bladelets (10), bone artifacts, and body ornaments, otherwise virtually unknown in the Neandertal body ornaments (11, 12), all of which are virtually unknown in world. However, it has been argued that instead of the CP being the Neandertal world. Furthermore, these body ornaments, often manufactured by Neandertals, site formation processes and layer considered as an expression of advanced symbolic behavior, have admixture resulted in the chance association of Neanderthal only been found in the CP of the Grotte du Renne and Quinçay, remains, CP assemblages, and body ornaments. Here, we report both at the northernmost limit of the CP geographical distribu- a series of accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates on tion (Fig. S1). ultrafiltered bone collagen extracted from 40 well-preserved bone When accepted, the association of these objects with Nean- fragments from the late Mousterian, CP, and Protoaurignacian dertals has been interpreted in two ways. For some (e.g., refs. 8 layers at the Grotte du Renne site (at Arcy-sur-Cure, France). Our and 13–15), this new behavior demonstrates a cultural impact on radiocarbon results are inconsistent with the admixture hypothe- the last Neandertals by contemporaneous UP modern human sis. Further, we report a direct date on the Neandertal CP skeleton populations, already present further east in Europe. For others from Saint-Césaire (France). This date corroborates the assignment (16), it represents a Neandertal invention of their own UP-style ANTHROPOLOGY of CP assemblages to the latest Neandertals of western Europe. industry independently of modern humans. Importantly, our results establish that the production of body A third group of authors speculates that the Neandertal/CP ornaments in the CP postdates the arrival of modern humans in association may in fact result from various site formation pro- neighboring regions of Europe. This new behavior could therefore cesses including layer admixture (17). For the Grotte du Renne have been the result of cultural diffusion from modern to Nean- specifically it has been suggested that the Neandertal remains dertal groups. might have been dug out of the underlying Mousterian layers by CP modern humans (17) and/or that CP body ornaments and stimulus diffusion | cultural modernity other bone artifacts may have moved down from the overlaying UP layers (18). At Saint-Césaire, the stratigraphic integrity of the rucial to understanding the replacement processes of Nean- CP deposits has also been challenged (17). Cdertals by modern humans in western Eurasia at the begin- Radiometric arguments are relevant to the assessment of ning of the Upper Paleolithic (UP) is the interpretation of so- possible mixing of younger or older intrusive material into the called “transitional industries.” In archeological sites, these lithic CP layers. The precise dating of the CP is also central to the assemblages are found under various types of early UP (mostly discussion surrounding its interpretation. In particular, the no- Aurignacian) and/or above genuine Middle Paleolithic (MP) tion that the development of the CP resulted from the cultural influence of modern populations implies that CP innovations assemblages. They display various proportions of UP artifacts postdate the arrival of modern humans in Europe. The radio- and technologies, but in several cases, a direct origin in the local metric dating of the CP at the Grotte du Renne and in other sites MP has been argued (1, 2). Although, in Europe, only Nean- has long been challenging because these assemblages lay at the dertal remains have been found in association with Mousterian limit of the application range of the 14C method. In particular, industries and only anatomically modern human remains have contamination problems have impaired most of the dates obtained been securely identified in Aurignacian layers, the biological identity of the makers of the transitional industries remains un- clear (3). Author contributions: J.-J.H. designed research; J.-J.H., S.T., M.J., F.D., N.C., and P.B. per- That Neandertals made some of the transitional industries has formed research; S.T., B.V., and M.P.R. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; J.-J.H., at times been suggested based on fragmentary paleontological S.T., M.J., F.D., N.C., P.B., and M.P.R. analyzed data; and J.-J.H. and S.T. wrote the paper. evidence (4, 5) or on indirect chronological arguments (6). The authors declare no conflict of interest. However, to date, only the Châtelperronian (CP), a transitional This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. assemblage from central and southwestern France, and northern Freely available online through the PNAS open access option. fi 1 Spain, has yielded well-identi ed and relatively abundant Ne- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: [email protected]. fi andertal remains, speci cally from two French sites (La Grotte This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10. du Renne and Saint-Césaire) (7–9). 1073/pnas.1212924109/-/DCSupplemental. www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1212924109 PNAS | November 13, 2012 | vol. 109 | no. 46 | 18743–18748 Downloaded by guest on September 25, 2021 before recent technical improvements in the pretreatment of targeted those areas that yielded CP body ornaments or diagnostic Nean- samples, which have increased the reliability of 14C dates beyond dertal remains (Fig. S5). Thirty-one samples are from the CP deposits, 4 are 40 ka 14CBP(19–21). from the underlying Mousterian and 5 are from the Protoaurignacian. In this context, a series of 31 accelerator mass spectrometry Our primary selection criterion was good bone preservation. Thus, we did (AMS) ultrafiltered dates on bones, antlers, bone artifacts, and not sample worked elements because they often have little well-preserved compact bone and may have been treated with unrecorded consolidants, teeth from key archaeological layers of the Grotte du Renne which can alter the radiocarbon age. We sampled a large number of thick, have been published (22). This study showed an unexpectedly untreated pieces of compact bone from shafts, mostly of reindeer and horse, high degree of intralayer variation in the radiometric ages and to assess possible movements of material between stratigraphic layers and to brought some support to the admixture hypothesis. compare their ages to those of worked artifacts published for the site (22). In contrast, a subsequent reinvestigation of the horizontal and Additionally, 35% of the selected fragments displayed anthropogenic marks vertical distribution of various categories of archaeologically di- (cut-marks or percussion marks). agnostic objects at the Grotte du Renne did not support the Extraction of collagen, isotopic measurements, and graphitization were hypothesis of large or small scale post depositional mixing. It performed at the Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for instead suggested that incomplete sample decontamination is the Evolutionary Anthropology, in Leipzig, Germany. All bone samples presented most parsimonious explanation for the observed radiometric here were subject to the following pretreatment procedures (19). Samples were first cleaned by sand blasting, and then 500 mg of bone powder was anomalies (11). In a response, the authors of the AMS dates did taken. The samples were decalcified in 0.5 M HCl at room temperature. not dispute this spatial evidence but also found no ground for the Later, 0.1 M NaOH was added to remove humics, and the treatment was claim of contamination by consolidants (23). The debate also completed with the addition of 0.5 M HCl. The resulting solid was gelati- focused on the definition of the stratigraphic units to be used in nized after Longin (30, 31) at pH 3 in a heater block at 75 °C. The gelatin was the Bayesian modeling of the radiocarbon dates (24, 25). filtered in an Eeze-Filter (Elkay Laboratory Products) to remove small (<8 μm) To test these alternative interpretations of the association at particles and then ultrafiltered with a Sartorius “Vivaspin 15” 30-kDa Grotte du Renne of Neandertals with the CP and UP type ultrafilter. Before use, the filter was cleaned to remove carbon containing artifacts, we produced a series of radiocarbon ages from the humectants.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Assessing Relationships Between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology Via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling William E
    Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco-cultural niche modeling William E. Banks To cite this version: William E. Banks. Assessing relationships between human adaptive responses and ecology via eco- cultural niche modeling. Archaeology and Prehistory. Universite Bordeaux 1, 2013. hal-01840898 HAL Id: hal-01840898 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01840898 Submitted on 11 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Thèse d'Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches Université de Bordeaux 1 William E. BANKS UMR 5199 PACEA – De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie Assessing Relationships between Human Adaptive Responses and Ecology via Eco-Cultural Niche Modeling Soutenue le 14 novembre 2013 devant un jury composé de: Michel CRUCIFIX, Chargé de Cours à l'Université catholique de Louvain, Belgique Francesco D'ERRICO, Directeur de Recherche au CRNS, Talence Jacques JAUBERT, Professeur à l'Université de Bordeaux 1, Talence Rémy PETIT, Directeur de Recherche à l'INRA, Cestas Pierre SEPULCHRE, Chargé de Recherche au CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette Jean-Denis VIGNE, Directeur de Recherche au CNRS, Paris Table of Contents Summary of Past Research Introduction ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • CURRICULUM VITAE Shara E
    CURRICULUM VITAE Shara E. Bailey July 2019 Home Address: 14 Lancaster Avenue Office Address: New York University Maplewood, NJ 07040 Department of Anthropology 25 Waverly Place Mobile Phone: 646.300.4508 New York, NY 10003 E-mail: [email protected] Office Phone: 212.998.8576 Education Arizona State University, Department of Anthropology, Tempe, AZ PhD in Anthropology Jan 2002 Dissertation Title: Neandertal Dental Morphology: Implications for Modern Human Origins Dissertation director: Prof. William H. Kimbel Master of Arts in Anthropology 1995 Thesis Title: Population distribution of the tuberculum dentale complex and anomalies of the anterior maxillary teeth. Thesis director: Regents’ Professor, Christy G. Turner, II Temple University, Philadelphia, PA Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and Anthropology 1992 Positions/Affiliations Associate Professor, New York University, Department of Anthropology, New York, NY 2011- Associated Scientist, Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary 2006- Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany Assistant Professor, New York University, Department of Anthropology, New York, NY 2005-2011 Research Scientist, The Max Planck Institute, Department of Human Evolution, 2004-2006 Leipzig, Germany Postdoctoral Research Associate (Prof. Bernard Wood, Research Director) 2002-2004 The George Washington University, CASHP, Washington DC Appointments Associate Chair, Anthropology Department 2018- New York University, College of Arts and Sciences Director of Undergraduate Studies, Anthropology Department 2016-2018
    [Show full text]
  • SIG02 Bullen
    CLOTTES J. (dir.) 2012. — L’art pléistocène dans le monde / Pleistocene art of the world / Arte pleistoceno en el mundo Actes du Congrès IFRAO, Tarascon-sur-Ariège, septembre 2010 – Symposium « Signes, symboles, mythes et idéologie… » Finding the first intentional mark makers: Clues in brain development Margaret BULLEN* Keywords: Marks; Intentionality; cognition; synapse. “‘Lascaux Man’ created and created out of nothing, this world of art in which communication between individual minds begins.” (Bataille 1955: 11) Lascaux was, for Bataille, the “birth of art” despite the fact that when it was found by school boys in 1940, it was far from the first painted cave to be discovered. Altamira was almost as famous for its initial rejection by Cartailhac in the 1870s and his later acknowledgement of its being genuinely Palaeolithic, as for its bison curled into recesses in the ceiling; Altamira, La Mouthe, Les Combarelles, Font de Gaume and Niaux are just a few of the caves with paintings already, long before 1940, accepted as being from the Upper Palaeolithic (Bahn 1997 ; Grand 1967). Yet Bataille, a noted French philosopher could still perceive Lascaux as the “end to that timeless deadlock” and “the shift from the world of work to the world of play, from the rough hewn to the finished individual being.” (Bataille 1955: 27). But this is not where or when it all began Here I will endevour to reach back to a time before the creation of the bison, lionesses, horses and reindeer, which “stimulate multiple distributed cerebral processors in a novel and harmonious way” (Dehaene 2009: 309) and which we acknowledge as masterpieces.
    [Show full text]
  • L'ours Des Cavernes De Font-De-Gaume
    PALEO Revue d'archéologie préhistorique 15 | 2003 Varia L’ours des cavernes de Font-de-Gaume III The cave bear of Font-de-Gaume III Dominique Armand, Frédéric Plassard et François Prat Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/1303 DOI : 10.4000/paleo.1303 ISSN : 2101-0420 Éditeur SAMRA Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 décembre 2003 Pagination : 241-244 ISSN : 1145-3370 Référence électronique Dominique Armand, Frédéric Plassard et François Prat, « L’ours des cavernes de Font-de-Gaume III », PALEO [En ligne], 15 | 2003, mis en ligne le 03 août 2010, consulté le 07 juillet 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/paleo/1303 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/paleo.1303 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 7 juillet 2020. PALEO est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. L’ours des cavernes de Font-de-Gaume III 1 L’ours des cavernes de Font-de- Gaume III The cave bear of Font-de-Gaume III Dominique Armand, Frédéric Plassard et François Prat 1 La grotte de Font-de-Gaume (Les Eyzies, Dordogne, France) est connue depuis sa découverte, en 1901, comme un site d’art pariétal paléolithique de premier ordre. Depuis cette date, plusieurs campagnes de fouille ont été conduites dans cette cavité. 2 Dans la monographie que publièrent les inventeurs (Capitan, Breuil et Peyrony 1910), un chapitre présente le matériel archéologique recueilli dans les différentes galeries. Quelques lignes sont également consacrées aux ossements d’ours découverts dans le remplissage argileux et qui furent étudiés par F.
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Ochre and Painting During the Upper Paleolithic of the Swabian Jura in the Context of the Development of Ochre Use in Africa and Europe
    Open Archaeology 2018; 4: 185–205 Original Study Sibylle Wolf*, Rimtautas Dapschauskas, Elizabeth Velliky, Harald Floss, Andrew W. Kandel, Nicholas J. Conard The Use of Ochre and Painting During the Upper Paleolithic of the Swabian Jura in the Context of the Development of Ochre Use in Africa and Europe https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2018-0012 Received June 8, 2017; accepted December 13, 2017 Abstract: While the earliest evidence for ochre use is very sparse, the habitual use of ochre by hominins appeared about 140,000 years ago and accompanied them ever since. Here, we present an overview of archaeological sites in southwestern Germany, which yielded remains of ochre. We focus on the artifacts belonging exclusively to anatomically modern humans who were the inhabitants of the cave sites in the Swabian Jura during the Upper Paleolithic. The painted limestones from the Magdalenian layers of Hohle Fels Cave are a particular focus. We present these artifacts in detail and argue that they represent the beginning of a tradition of painting in Central Europe. Keywords: ochre use, Middle Stone Age, Swabian Jura, Upper Paleolithic, Magdalenian painting 1 The Earliest Use of Ochre in the Homo Lineage Modern humans have three types of cone cells in the retina of the eye. These cells are a requirement for trichromatic vision and hence, a requirement for the perception of the color red. The capacity for trichromatic vision dates back about 35 million years, within our shared evolutionary lineage in the Catarrhini subdivision of the higher primates (Jacobs, 2013, 2015). Trichromatic vision may have evolved as a result of the benefits for recognizing ripe yellow, orange, and red fruits in front of a background of green foliage (Regan et al., Article note: This article is a part of Topical Issue on From Line to Colour: Social Context and Visual Communication of Prehistoric Art edited by Liliana Janik and Simon Kaner.
    [Show full text]
  • The Châtelperronian of Germolles (Grotte De La Verpillière I, Mellecey, Saône-Et-Loire, France)
    PALEO Revue d'archéologie préhistorique 27 | 2016 Varia The Châtelperronian of Germolles (Grotte de la Verpillière I, Mellecey, Saône-et-Loire, France) Harald Floss, Christian Hoyer and Heike Würschem Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/3242 DOI: 10.4000/paleo.3242 ISSN: 2101-0420 Publisher SAMRA Printed version Date of publication: 30 December 2016 Number of pages: 149-176 ISSN: 1145-3370 Electronic reference Harald Floss, Christian Hoyer and Heike Würschem, « The Châtelperronian of Germolles (Grotte de la Verpillière I, Mellecey, Saône-et-Loire, France) », PALEO [Online], 27 | 2016, Online since 01 June 2018, connection on 07 July 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/3242 ; DOI : https://doi.org/ 10.4000/paleo.3242 This text was automatically generated on 7 July 2020. PALEO est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. The Châtelperronian of Germolles (Grotte de la Verpillière I, Mellecey, Saône... 1 The Châtelperronian of Germolles (Grotte de la Verpillière I, Mellecey, Saône-et-Loire, France) Harald Floss, Christian Hoyer and Heike Würschem We thank the regional direction of cultural affairs, the regional service of archaeology of Burgundy, UMR 6298 ARTeHIS of the University of Burgundy, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, the Saône-et-Loire department, the University of Tübingen, the town hall of Mellecey, the Verpillière excavation teams, the members of the PCR “Paléolithique en Bourgogne Méridional” and in particular Pierre Andriot, Laetitia Bassereau-Vauthier, Sabine Boos, Didier Cailhol, Michel Cessot, Jean Combier, René Desbrosse, Victor Donguy, Denis Dubois, Annie Dumont, Ewa Dutkiewicz, Jean-Claude Gress, André-Charles Gros, Nadine Huber, Olivier Lemercier, Stephanie Lismann, Bernard Macioszczyk, Gwenaëlle Marchet-Legendre, Catherine Michel, René Parise, Yves Pautrat, Matthieu Pinette, Michel Prestreau, Benjamin Schürch, François Sikner, Pierre Voarick and Isabelle Vernus.
    [Show full text]
  • Dietary and Behavioral Strategies Of
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2011 Dietary and Behavioral Strategies of Neandertals and Anatomically Modern Humans: Evidence from Anterior Dental Microwear Texture Analysis Kristin Lynn Krueger University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Krueger, Kristin Lynn, "Dietary and Behavioral Strategies of Neandertals and Anatomically Modern Humans: Evidence from Anterior Dental Microwear Texture Analysis" (2011). Theses and Dissertations. 92. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/92 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. 1 DIETARY AND BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES OF NEANDERTALS AND ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS: EVIDENCE FROM ANTERIOR DENTAL MICROWEAR TEXTURE ANALYSIS DIETARY AND BEHAVIORAL STRATEGIES OF NEANDERTALS AND ANATOMICALLY MODERN HUMANS: EVIDENCE FROM ANTERIOR DENTAL MICROWEAR TEXTURE ANALYSIS A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology By Kristin L. Krueger University of Wisconsin-Madison Bachelor of Science in Anthropology, 2003 University of Wisconsin-Madison Bachelor of Science in Spanish, 2003 Western Michigan University Master of Arts in Anthropology, 2006 May 2011 University of Arkansas ABSTRACT The extreme gross wear of Neandertal anterior teeth has been a topic of debate for decades. Several ideas have been proposed, including the excessive mastication of grit- laden foods and non-dietary anterior tooth use, or using the anterior dentition as a clamp or tool.
    [Show full text]
  • Kurzfassung Der Vorträge Und Poster
    Kurzfassung der Vorträge und Poster Eline N. van Asperen People, prey and predators: how faunal dynamics inform our models of hominin dispersal The climate and largely forested environment of the Last Interglacial (marine isotope stage 5e) are thought to have been similar over large stretches of north-west and central Europe. Though the British Isles are climatically comparable to the European mainland at this time, certain key species, notably hominins, horses and forest rhino, are missing from Last Interglacial faunas of the British Isles. Various explanations have been offered for the enigmatic absence of evidence for hominin occupation of the British Isles during this period, including taphonomic factors, sea level rise, population dynamics and adaptive limitations which prevented hominins from surviving in densely forested environments. The detailed faunal and environmental records for the Last Interglacial allow for an investigation of the impact of large mammal community composition and dynamics on the role of hominins in the faunal com- munity. Using GIS approaches and statistical methods, the influence of environmental variables and the location of refugia on hominin dispersal and distribution are explored. The carnivorous Last Interglacial hominin diet brought the hominins in direct competition with large carnivores that focus on similar-sized prey. The complex relationships between hominins, their prey and their carnivore competitors are examined, using ecological theories of food webs and species interactions. Approaching hominins as an integral part of the large mammal community thus opens new avenues of investigating hominin behaviour. Acknowledgements: This research is supported by the European Commission under the Marie Curie Actions of the Seventh Framework Programme (PERG07-GA-2010-268242).
    [Show full text]
  • Michelle C. Langley Editor
    Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series Michelle C. Langley Editor Osseous Projectile Weaponry Towards an Understanding of Pleistocene Cultural Variability Osseous Projectile Weaponry Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series Edited by Eric Delson Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History New York, NY 10024,USA [email protected] Eric J. Sargis Anthropology, Yale University New Haven, CT 06520,USA [email protected] Focal topics for volumes in the series will include systematic paleontology of all vertebrates (from agnathans to humans), phylogeny reconstruction, functional morphology, Paleolithic archaeology, taphonomy, geochronology, historical biogeography, and biostratigraphy. Other fields (e.g., paleoclimatology, paleoecology, ancient DNA, total organismal community structure) may be considered if the volume theme emphasizes paleobiology (or archaeology). Fields such as modeling of physical processes, genetic methodology, nonvertebrates or neontology are out of our scope. Volumes in the series may either be monographic treatments (including unpublished but fully revised dissertations) or edited col- lections, especially those focusing on problem-oriented issues, with multidisciplinary coverage where possible. Editorial Advisory Board Ross D. E. MacPhee (American Museum of Natural History), Peter Makovicky (The Field Museum), Sally McBrearty (University of Connecticut), Jin Meng (American Museum of Natural History), Tom Plummer (Queens College/CUNY). More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6978
    [Show full text]
  • (Neanderthal) Men: the Small Mammal Record of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic Transition in the Swabian Jura, Germany
    Of Mice and (Neanderthal) Men: The small mammal record of the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in the Swabian Jura, Germany Dissertation der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) vorgelegt von Sara E. Rhodes, M.Sc. aus Toronto (Kanada) Tübingen 2019 Gedruckt mit Genehmigung der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen. Tag der mündlichen Qualifikation: 8. Juli 2019 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Rosenstiel 1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Nicholas J. Conard, PhD 2. Berichterstatter: PD Dr. Britt M. Starkovich Table of Contents I ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................ III II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................. IV III SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... VI IV LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ............................................................................................... XIV V PERSONAL CONTRIBUTION .......................................................................................... XIV 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1 1.1 NEANDERTHALS IN THE EUROPEAN CONTEXT ....................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Under the Skin of a Lion: Unique Evidence of Upper Paleolithic Exploitation and Use of Cave Lion (Panthera Spelaea) from the Lower Gallery of La Garma (Spain)
    RESEARCH ARTICLE Under the Skin of a Lion: Unique Evidence of Upper Paleolithic Exploitation and Use of Cave Lion (Panthera spelaea) from the Lower Gallery of La Garma (Spain) MariaÂn Cueto1*, Edgard Camaro s2, Pedro Castaños3, Roberto Ontaño n1,4, Pablo Arias1 1 Instituto Internacional de Investigaciones PrehistoÂricas de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain, 2 Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolucio Social, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, a11111 Tarragona, Spain, 3 Sociedad de Ciencias Aranzadi, San SebastiaÂn, Spain, 4 Museo de Prehistoria y ArqueologÂõa de Cantabria, Santander, Spain * [email protected] Abstract OPEN ACCESS Pleistocene skinning and exploitation of carnivore furs have been previously inferred from Citation: Cueto M, CamaroÂs E, Castaños P, archaeological evidence. Nevertheless, the evidence of skinning and fur processing tends Onta oÂn R, Arias P (2016) Under the Skin of a ñ to be weak and the interpretations are not strongly sustained by the archaeological record. Lion: Unique Evidence of Upper Paleolithic Exploitation and Use of Cave Lion (Panthera In the present paper, we analyze unique evidence of patterned anthropic modification and spelaea) from the Lower Gallery of La Garma skeletal representation of fossil remains of cave lion (Panthera spelaea) from the Lower (Spain). PLoS ONE 11(10): e0163591. Gallery of La Garma (Cantabria, Spain). This site is one of the few that provides Pleisto- doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0163591 cene examples of lion exploitation by humans. Our archaeozoological study suggests that Editor: Roberto Macchiarelli, Universite de Poitiers, lion-specialized pelt exploitation and use might have been related to ritual activities during FRANCE the Middle Magdalenian period (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 Karavanic Format Kolektivni Monografie
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287643498 Research on Underwater Mousterian: The Site of Resnik - Kaštel Štafilić, Dalmatia, Croatia Chapter · January 2015 DOI: 10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210-7781-2015-6 CITATIONS READS 2 289 1 author: Ivor Karavanić University of Zagreb 98 PUBLICATIONS 2,099 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Experimental approach to the coevolution of language/cognition and Palaeolithic stone tool production View project PALAEOARTEAST: "Defining cultural boundaries in the European Upper PALAEOlithic: Archaeology and Rock arT in EASTern Europe" View project All content following this page was uploaded by Ivor Karavanić on 21 December 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Bibliographic Citation of the book: SÁZELOVÁ, Sandra, Martin NOVÁK and Alena MIZEROVÁ (eds.). Forgotten times and spaces: New perspectives in paleoanthropological, paleoetnological and archeological studies. 1st Edition. Brno: Institute of Archeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Masaryk University, 2015, 618 p. ISBN 978‐80‐7524‐000‐2; ISBN 978‐80‐210‐7781‐2. DOI: 10.5817/CZ.MUNI.M210‐ 7781‐2015. Bibliographic Citation of the article: KARAVANIĆ, Ivor. Research on underwater Mousterian: The site of Resnik – Kaštel Štafilić, Dalmatia, Croatia. In: Sandra SÁZELOVÁ, Martin NOVÁK and Alena MIZEROVÁ (eds.). Forgotten times and spaces: New perspectives in paleoanthropological, paleoetnological and archeological studies. 1st Edition. Brno: Institute of Archeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Masaryk University, 2015, pp. 73–79. ISBN 978‐80‐7524‐000‐2; ISBN 978‐80‐210‐7781‐2.
    [Show full text]