BIODIVERSITY of VIETNAM Series BATS of VIETNAM

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BIODIVERSITY of VIETNAM Series BATS of VIETNAM Посвящается 25-летию Российско-Вьетнамского Тропического Центра Joint Russian-Vietnamese Science and Technological Tropical Centre Zoological Museum of Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University BIODIVERSITY OF VIETNAM Series BATS OF VIETNAM Checklist and an identification manual by Sergei V. Kruskop 2nd edition, revised and supplemented Prepared within the framework of the research program “Tropical Ecology”, facilitated by the Joint Russian-Vietnamese Science and Technological Tropical Centre. Reviewed by: E.I. Kozhurina, Ph. D. Editors in Chief: L.P. Korzun, Dr. Sci., M.V. Kalyakin, D. Sci. Moscow – 2013 Совместный Российско-Вьетнамский Тропический научно-исследовательский и технологический центр Научно-исследовательский Зоологический музей Московского Государственного университета им. М.В. Ломоносова Серия БиоразнооБразие Вьетнама рукокрылые Вьетнама Аннотированный список и руководство по определению С. В. Крускоп Издание второе, переработанное и дополненное Москва – 2013 ББК 28 К 84 Печатается по решению Ученого совета ИПЭЭ РАН. Рецензент: канд. биол. наук Е.И. Кожурина. Ответственные редакторы: доктор биол. наук Л.П. Корзун, доктор биол. наук М.В. Калякин. Крускоп С.В. К84 Рукокрылые Вьетнама. Аннотированный список и руковод- ство к определению. Издание второе. Серия Биоразнообразие Вьетнама. М. 2013. 300 с., 70 илл., 52 фото, цветная вклейка. На англ. яз. ISBN 978-5-87317-901-5 Справочное издание по рукокрылым (Chiroptera, Mammalia) из серии «Биоразнообразие Вьетнама». Приведен полный таксономический список руко- крылых Вьетнама, определительные ключи для семейств, родов и видов, важные для диагностики особенности внешнего строения, краткая информация по распро- странению, систематике и биологии всех известных с территории Вьетнама видов рукокрылых, их вьетнамские, английские и русские названия. Издание содержит иллюстрации основных диагностически важных признаков, оригинальные изо- бражения черепов и фотографии отдельных представителей вьетнамских рукокры- лых. Изложены основные методики полевого изучения этой группы. Справочник снабжен указателями научных и тривиальных названий. Подготовлено в соответствии с планом научно-исследовательских работ Совместного Российско-Вьетнамского Тропического научно-исследовательского и технологического центра по программе «Тропическая экология». Руководитель программы академик Д.С. Павлов. ББК 28 ISBN 978-5-87317-901-5 © А С.В. Крускоп, текст, 2012 © С.В. Крускоп, иллюстрации, 2012 © ООО «КМК», издание, 2013 CONTENTS ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ ........................................................................................... 7 Благодарности ................................................................................. 9 PREFACE ..................................................................................................... 12 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................ 14 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 16 AIM AND STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK ..................................................... 16 BAT RESEARCH EFFORTS IN INDOCHINA ................................................ 17 GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE VIETNAMESE BAT FAUNA ...........................21 METHODS OF BAT INVESTIGATION ..................................................... 25 CAPTURE METHODS ............................................................................ 25 General considerations ................................................................... 25 Capture methods for flying bats ..................................................... 26 Capture methods for roosting bats ..................................................30 HANDLING BATS .................................................................................31 Determining the reproductive condition .........................................33 Weighing and measuring bats ......................................................... 34 Preparing collection specimens ...................................................... 37 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS .........................................................................39 Hazards from working conditions .................................................. 39 Hazards from bats ........................................................................... 40 TAXONOMIC LIST OF VIETNAMESE BATS .......................................... 43 SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNTS: ORDER CHIROPTERA .............................. 51 SUBORDER YINOCHIROPTERA KOOPMAN, 1985 .............................. 61 FAMILY PTEROPODIDAE GRAY, 1821 ...................................................61 Genus Pteropus Erxleben, 1777 .....................................................66 Genus Rousettus Gray, 1821 ...........................................................69 Genus Eonycteris Dobson, 1873 .................................................... 71 Genus Cynopterus F. Cuvier, 1824 ................................................. 73 Genus Sphaerias Miller, 1906 ........................................................ 76 Genus Megaerops Peters, 1865 ...................................................... 77 Genus Macroglossus F. Cuvier, 1824 ............................................. 79 FAMILY MEGADERMATIDAE ALLEN, 1864 ............................................ 81 Genus Megaderma E. Geoffroy, 1810 ............................................ 82 FAMILY HIPPOSIDERIDAE LYDEKKER, 1891 .......................................... 85 Genus Aselliscus Tate, 1941 ........................................................... 87 Genus Hipposideros Gray, 1831 ..................................................... 89 Genus Coelops Blyth, 1848 ..........................................................109 FAMILY RHINOLOPHIDAE GRAY, 1825 ...............................................110 Genus Rhinolophus Lacepede, 1799 ............................................110 SUBORDER YANGOCHIROPTERA KOOPMAN, 1985 ........................136 FAMILY EMBALLONURIDAE GERVAIS, 1856 ........................................137 Genus Taphozous E. Geoffroy, 1818 ............................................138 Genus Saccolaimus Temminck, 1838 ...........................................141 FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE GRAY, 1821 ............................................143 Genus Kerivoula Gray, 1842 ........................................................154 Genus Phoniscus Miller, 1905 ......................................................160 Genus Murina Gray, 1842 ............................................................162 Genus Harpiola Thomas, 1915 ....................................................175 Genus Harpiocephalus Gray, 1842 ..............................................177 Genus Myotis Kaup, 1829 ............................................................178 Genus Eudiscopus Consbee, 1953 ................................................199 Genus Barbastella Gray, 1821......................................................201 Genus Pipistrellus Kaup, 1829 .....................................................203 Genus Glischropus Dobson, 1875 ................................................211 Genus Nyctalus Bowdich, 1825 ...................................................213 Genus Hypsugo Kolenati, 1856 ....................................................214 Genus Tylonycteris Peters, 1872 ...................................................219 Genus Eptesicus Rafinesque, 1820 ...............................................222 Genus Ia Thomas, 1902 ................................................................224 Genus Arielulus Hill, Harrison, 1987 ...........................................225 Genus Thainycteris Kock, Storch, 1996 .......................................227 Genus Hesperoptenus Peters, 1868 ..............................................229 Genus Scotomanes Dobson, 1875 ................................................230 Genus Scotophilus Leach, 1821 ...................................................232 FAMILY MINIOPTERIDAE DOBSON, 1875 ............................................235 Genus Miniopterus Bonaparte, 1837 ............................................235 FAMILY MOLOSSIDAE GERVAIS, 1856 ...............................................240 Genus Chaerephon Dobson, 1874 ................................................241 APPENDIX ....................................................................................................... SKULLS OF SELECTED VIETNAMESE CHIROPTERA ........244 WEIGHT AND EXTERNAL MEASUREMENTS OF SELECTED VIETNAMESE BATS .......................................255 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................271 INDEX OF NAMES ...................................................................................288 SCIENTIFIC NAMES ................................................................................288 COMMON NAMES ...................................................................................293 ПредислоВие Получить исчерпывающие сведения о составе фауны опредёленной территории мечтает любой зоолог, приступающий к изучению той или иной группы в том или ином регионе. Получить такие сведения для фау- ны рукокрылых – одного из самых загадочных, а потому привлекающих повышенное внимание зоологов отряда млекопитающих – особенно за- манчиво. А получить их для тропической страны, которая протянулась с севера на юг почти на две тысячи километров и в которой представле- ны самые разнообразные ландшафты, не только заманчиво, но и очень сложно. Приятно
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