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STRABANE IN WORLD WAR 1 As reported in The Strabane Chronicle & The Strabane Weekly News July 1914 – November 1919 Thanks are due to all those who contributed to the compilation of material for this research project. The group painstakingly combed the microfilm copies of the Strabane Chronicle and Strabane Weekly news and selected material and these included John Rogan, James Johnston, Joseph O’Kane, Hugh McGarrigle, Kathleen Patton, Chris McDermott, Pat McGuigan, William Allen, Ronnie Johnston, Michael Kennedy and John Dooher. Thanks are also due to Ms Geraldine Casey for her assistance. The group is grateful to the staff of Strabane Library for their unfailing help and to Libraries N.I. for making the resources available. Photo on front cover shows a military parade at The Diamond, Lifford, in 1914. CONTENTS 1914 page 4 1915 page 34 1916 page 146 1917 page 240 1918 page 318 1919 page 416 1914 Strabane Chronicle 4th July 1914 RURAL LABOUR PROBLEM There has been for many years the report states a marked scarcity of agricultural labourers, which was becoming more and more acute. The increase in the cost of living and the increased prices which the farmers was getting for his produce had been mainly instrumental in bringing about increased wages. The wages however are still very low. The usual daily wage current in 1913 were for men 2s to 3s 6d, for women 1s 6d to 3s. RESERVES CALLED UP IMMEDIATELY At the start of WW1 58,000 Irishmen were already enlisted in the British Regular Army or Navy – 21,000 serving regular soldiers, 18,000 reservists, 12,000 in the Special Reserve, 5,000 Naval ratings and 2,000 officers. (Wikipedia) Strabane Weekly News 1st August 1914 TYRONE U.V.F. CONCENTRATION OF MOBILE FORCE 1st and 2nd Battalions 674 CYCLISTS FULLY EQUIPPED MEDICAL AND SUPPLIES ARRANGEMENTS A most successful concentration of the mobile columns of the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Tyrone Regiment U.V.F. took place on Wednesday evening at Baronscourt, when in addition to the officers there were 674 section leaders on parade. At the close of the inspection, Captain E.C. Herdman, D.L., officer commanding the 1st Battalion, addressed the parade. He apologised for the absence of General Richardson, who was detained in Belfast, and the Duke of Abercorn, the Commander of the Regiment, who had done so much for the efficiency of the Tyrone Regiment. … the men coming from the Derry borders on one side to Sixmilecross and Kilskeery on the other side. Mr P Cruickshank, Officer Commanding the 2ND Battalion, also addressed the parade and congratulated the Mobile Force of the 1st and 2nd battalions on the success of the concentration. Strabane Weekly 1st August 1914 U.V.F. IN DONEGAL PRESENTATION OF CERTIFICATES TO NURSES A meeting of St Johnston and district branch of the Ulster Women’s Unionist Association was held on the evening of 23rd July in the St. Johnston Orange Hall for the purpose of presenting certificates to the U.V.F. nurses. Mrs Moore, Molenan, who presided over a large attendance, which included a number of nurses in uniform, congratulated the candidates, and said it was a highly gratifying fact that everyone who competed got certificates. Mrs. Sinclair, Holyhill, who was enthusiastically received, said Unionists did not want any compromise. The certificates were then presented to the nurses by Mrs. Pane Coffin. Strabane Weekly 1st August 1914 BARONSCOURT A muster of 674 section leaders and men of the Mobile Force of the 1st and 2nd Battalions, Tyrone Regiment U.V.F. all fully armed and mounted on bicycles took place to Baronscourt on Wednesday. Strabane Weekly News & Strabane Chronicle 1st August 1914 FIRST ADVERTISEMENTS FOR RECRUITS THE ROYAL INNISKILLING FUSILIERS RECRUITS Are now wanted for the above Regiment also for all Branches of His Majesty’s Army. Young men of good character between 18 and 25 years of age are invited to join and have good prospects. Recruits are also wanted for the SPECIAL RESERVE 4 month’s continuous Employment is ensured. Pay 7s. to 8s 5.5d according to the Arm of the Service, in addition men are allowed to take away part of the Kit on completion of their Four month’s training. Bounty on completion of four or five months drill 30s. Men of good character between the ages of 17 and 30 years are eligible to join. Full particulars regarding service in the Regular Army or Special Reserve will be supplied on application to any Recruiting Officer or Recruiting Sergeant at Strabane, Coleraine, Londonderry, cookstown, Dungannon to any Post Office or to Captain E.I. Manders, The Barracks, Omagh : VARYING FIGURES ABOUT ENROLMENT 13,227 (Ulster Division) by early November 1914 (Strabane Weekly News of 14 Nov 1914) 40,000 from all of Ireland by end of 1914 (Strabane Chronicle 9th Jan 1915) PAY Basic rate of pay for a 'Private' was 'a shilling a day', less 'stoppages' (married men normally had a 'compulsory stoppage' to be paid to his wife, normally around six pence, but this was supplemented & a 'Private's' wife with no children could expect around 12/6 d per week), plus 'trade & proficiency' allowances & an 'overseas' allowance (one penny), when serving in foreign parts. PAY RATES PER DAY AS OF 1914 – IN “OLD MONEY”:- In 1917 pay was increased to 1s & 3d per day. PRIVATE 1s 0d. Equivalent to £24.08 per week or £1,250 per year (2015) SERGEANT 2s 4d. Equivalent to £55.38 per week or £2,880 per year (2015) LIEUTENANT 6s 0d. Equivalent to £144.38 per week or £7,513 per year (2015) MAJOR 13s 8d. Equivalent to £331.10 per week or £17,218 per year (2015) COLONEL 18s 0d. Equivalent to £433.44 per week or £1,250 per year (2015) Strabane Weekly News 8th August 1914 RECRUITMENT In response to the proclamation “Your King and Country Needs You” a meeting was held on Saturday 8th August 1914. The Strabane Catholic Temperance Society band provided marching music for the assembled bodies of the Ulster Volunteer Force and the National Volunteers. Captain Roderick Gallagher called for three cheers for the UVF, Captain William Smyth reciprocated by calling for three cheers for the National Volunteers. WHAT IN THE END WILL SETTLE THIS WAR? TRAINED MEN IT IS YOUR DUTY TO BECOME ONE Sir Edward Carson was reported to have said in September 1914 :-“Our duty is to the Empire first. There is no time to be lost, and a large number of volunteers throughout the country are now considering the best course to adopt, they cannot do better than study the speech of Sir Edward Carson…….”. One or two instances of refusal to volunteer for Kitchener’s Army in rural districts simply because the pay was considered insufficient, have recently come to light. The Strabane Weekly News continued “We would remind people that this is a most unpatriotic way of looking at the matter………. The Strabane Weekly News reported on 19 September 1914 of an official statement on the weekly separation allowances made to wives and children of soldiers on active service with Kitchener’s Army. “….in many instances the amount of income from all sources would be greater than the bread winner could earn at his ordinary employment…” In September 1914 Captain Ambrose St. Quintin Ricardo, DSO, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, was appointed commanding officer of the Tyrone Battalion, Ulster Division of Lord Kitchener’s army. On 26 September 1914 a report in the Strabane Weekly News stated that recruiting for the Donegal Battalion of the Ulster Division had been going well and a very good response had followed. In St. Johnston over 70 men had come forward, in Ballyarnett and Culmore 50, and 20 each in Mulroy and Donegal. The first contingent went into camp on Friday 2 October 1914. On 26 December it was reported that a great number of Lord Kitchener’s army, all of whom were connected to the Strabane UVF had arrived here to spend the Christmas holidays. The men had been granted leave for six days, after which they returned, and another portion were allowed leave for the New Year. The men appeared in excellent spirits and were delighted to be at home to spend the holidays with their friends and chums. Strabane Chronicle 8th August 1914 SINN FEIN OPPOSES IRISH PARTICIPATION IN THE WAR “Ireland is not at war with Germany. She has no quarrel with any Continental Power. England is at war with Germany, and Mr. Redmond has offered England the services of the National Volunteers to ‘defend Ireland’. What has Ireland to defend and whom has she to defend it against?” MEETINGS OF IRISH VOLUNTEERS (INV) IN SUPPORT OF WAR It was reported on 3 Oct 1914 that a meeting of INV in Strabane– It agreed with Mr Redmond; condemn the action of minority Provisional Committee. A similar resolution was discussed at a meeting of INV in Omagh in June 1914 and they agreed with Mr. Redmond. Strabane Weekly News 15th August 1914 EXCITING SCENES AT COOKSTOWN RAILWAY STATION Another draft of the North Irish Horse and a considerable number of reservists left Cookstown by the midday train on Saturday to loin their regiments. Those who belonged to the Nationalist Volunteers went to the station individually, while those who were Unionists were accompanied by about 200 comrades of the U.V.F. and were headed by a band. Both parties were surrounded by friends, and the station platform was the scene of wild excitement. Free fights took place and the pressure was so great that the Stationmaster had to get Mr.