DOCSLIB.ORG

Spiders of Gujarat: a Preliminary Checklist

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Spiders of Gujarat: a Preliminary Checklist OPEN ACCESS The Journal of Threatened Taxa fs dedfcated to bufldfng evfdence for conservafon globally by publfshfng peer-revfewed arfcles onlfne every month at a reasonably rapfd rate at www.threatenedtaxa.org . All arfcles publfshed fn JoTT are regfstered under Creafve Commons Atrfbufon 4.0 Internafonal Lfcense unless otherwfse menfoned. JoTT allows unrestrfcted use of arfcles fn any medfum, reproducfon, and dfstrfbufon by provfdfng adequate credft to the authors and the source of publfcafon. Journal of Threatened Taxa Bufldfng evfdence for conservafon globally www.threatenedtaxa.org ISSN 0974-7907 (Onlfne) | ISSN 0974-7893 (Prfnt) Short Communfcatfon Spfders of Gujarat: a prelfmfnary checklfst Archana Yadav, Reshma Solankf, Manju Sflfwal & Dolly Kumar 26 September 2017 | Vol. 9| No. 9 | Pp. 10697–10716 10.11609/jot. 3042 .9. 9. 10697–10716 For Focus, Scope, Afms, Polfcfes and Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/About_JoTT For Arfcle Submfssfon Gufdelfnes vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/Submfssfon_Gufdelfnes For Polfcfes agafnst Scfenffc Mfsconduct vfsft htp://threatenedtaxa.org/JoTT_Polfcy_agafnst_Scfenffc_Mfsconduct For reprfnts contact <[email protected]> Publfsher/Host Partner Threatened Taxa Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2017 | 9(9): 10697–10716 Spiders of Gujarat: a preliminary checklist Archana Yadav 1, Reshma Solanki 2, Manju Siliwal 3 & Dolly Kumar 4 ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) 1,2,4 Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda Baroda, ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Communication Short Sayajiganj, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India 3 Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society, 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti - Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India OPEN ACCESS 3 Present address: Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected], 3 [email protected], 4 [email protected] (corresponding author) Abstract: This is a very first attempt to compile a checklist of spiders initiative, surveys for documenting spiders in Gujarat from Gujarat. It is a result of primary data as well as based on were carried out from March 2014 to May 2015. published literature. The spider diversity of Gujarat consists of 415 species under 169 genera and 40 families. Out of these, 29 genera and 17 families are endemic to Gujarat. Overall, high spider diversity was Study area recorded from zone III with 33 families, 132 genera and 278 species. Whereas, the zone with the least spider records was zone VI with only The study was conducted in Gujarat (22.309425 N 16 families, 39 genera and 70 species. This is an under estimated & 72.136230 E), India. Gujarat has 33 districts and 24 number and many new records as well as new species are expected as protected areas. The climate normally remains hot a result of more systematic studies on spiders in this region. reaching a temperature of 450C in the summer and Keywords: Arachnidae, arachnofauna, diversity, estimates. lowering down to 250C during the winter. The average annual rainfall ranges between 51 and 102 centimeters. Based on the climatic variation, Gujarat is divided The current world list of spider includes 46,386 into eight agro-climatic zones by the Agriculture and species under 4,026 genera and 113 families (WSC Co-operation Department, Government of Gujarat: (i) 2017). India has over 1,700 species belonging to 450 lower southern Gujarat, (ii) upper southern Gujarat, (iii) genera under 61 families (WSC 2017). So far, in India, middle Gujarat, (iv) northern Gujarat, (v) Bhal & coastal state level checklists have not been compiled. This area, (vi) southern Saurashtra, (vii) northern Saurashtra, information is crucial for the forest department to and (viii) northwestern zone (Fig. 1, Table 1). Each understand the wealth of biodiversity in their states. zone varies from the other in terms of its habitat, flora, With this objective, the Gujarat Biodiversity Board (GBB) climate, soil and rainfall. These variations in the zones initiated projects for compilation and documentation of results in the diverse groups of organisms, thus making it biodiversity of various taxa in Gujarat. As a result of this a potential site for carrying out the present study. DOI: http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3042.9.9.10697-10716 | ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8D7A6178-B324-4401-AB4E-C6039A328089 Editor: M. Ganeshkumar, Coimbatore, India. Date of publication: 26 September 2017 (online & print) Manuscript details: Ms # 3042 | Received 08 November 2016 | Final received 23 August 2017 | Finally accepted 03 September 2017 Citation: Yadav, A., R. Solanki, M. Siliwal & D. Kumar (2017). Spiders of Gujarat: a preliminary checklist. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9(9): 10697–10716 ; http://doi. org/10.11609/jott.3042.9.9.10697-10716 Copyright: © Yadav et al. 2017. Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium, reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication. Funding: Gujarat Biodiversity Board. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Acknowledgements: The authors are grateful to the funding agency, Gujarat Biodiversity Board for sanctioning this project and giving this opportunity to work on the amazing biodiversity of Gujarat. We would like to thank Dr. Jamal A. Khan, Chairman Biodiversity Board; Dr. A.P. Singh, presently Chief Conservator of Forest, Junagarh circle and the person who started this concept and gave the interesting task of recording the biodiversity of Gujarat to the zoology department of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. We are thankful to the Chief Conservator of Forest and Member Secretary Gujarat Biodiversity Board, Shri B.K. Singh for appreciating the work we have been doing and the motivation he has extended to us to continue the work. Our sincere thanks to the Head of the Department of Zoology, Prof. P.C. Mankodi for the support and encouragement during the project. We also would like to thank research fellows: Ms. Nimisha Garwasis, Ms. Arpita Patel, and Ms. P.K. Maneka for their valuable contribution in collecting data in the field. 10697 Spiders of Gujarat: preliminary checklist Yadav et al. Figure 1. Map of agro-climatic zones of Gujarat Methods every 12 hours. A maximum of 50 traps were placed in The sampling of spiders was carried out from the forested areas for a minimum of two nights. month of March 2014 to May 2015 throughout Gujarat. C). Sweep-net: Sweep nets were used to collect The study sites were selected based on the previous spiders mainly from grassy areas. Only low, primarily studies on spiders and carried out in the state of Gujarat herbaceous or shrubby vegetation was swept. Areas (see references in in Table 3). New habitat that had without suitable vegetation were omitted. The net was not been approached or studied so far were considered emptied at regular intervals (after three to five sweeps) for surveys. These areas included agricultural fields, to avoid loss and destruction of the specimens. residential areas, community gardens and fragmented D). Leaf-litter sampling: Leaf litter from one square habitats. meter area was collected in a polythene bag and the Spiders are found in different strata in a habitat like materials were dumped on a white surface to collect the foliage weavers, ground weavers, foliage hunters and spiders living in the microhabitat. In each habitat, 20–25 ground hunters and they cannot be collected with a collections of leaf-litter were done from different areas. single or common method. Therefore, different methods E). Active Search: Whenever spiders were were applied to collect spiders from different strata. A encountered, they were carefully picked without injuring systematic collection was made using different methods them and transferred to plastic vials containing ethanol. in every habitat zone during the study in Gujarat. The Small spiders were collected with the help of a brush following methods were employed to collect spiders dipped in ethanol. Sedentary spiders found on the leaf following Sebastian & Peter (2009) and Koh & Ming blades and those on the webs were caught in the vial (2013). by holding it open beneath them and by dislodging the A). Vegetation-beating: This method was targeted for spiders into it. spiders living in the shrub, high herb vegetation, bushes, Spider specimens collected from each location and small trees and branches. Spiders were collected were preserved in 70% ethanol and placed in individual by tapping the vegetation with a stick while holding a vials with a proper label (specimen number, locality or collecting tray or inverted umbrella underneath. study site, date, time, collector’s name). Taxonomic B). Pitfall-trap: This method was targeted for identification was done by observing specimens under collecting wandering ground spiders. For the pitfall a stereo-zoom microscope (WILD TM and Leica MPS) trap, round plastic cups of 100mm diameter and 110mm with magnification from 20X to 75X in the lab. Standard depth were used. Each pitfall was filled with ethylene literature was used for identification of spiders (Tikader glycol (about 10mm high) and these traps were checked 1980, 1982; Tikader & Biswas 1981; Sethi & Tikader 10698 Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 September 2017 | 9(9): 10697–10716 Spiders of Gujarat: preliminary checklist
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Checklist of the Non -Acarine Arachnids
    Original Research A CHECKLIST OF THE NON -A C A RINE A R A CHNIDS (CHELICER A T A : AR A CHNID A ) OF THE DE HOOP NA TURE RESERVE , WESTERN CA PE PROVINCE , SOUTH AFRIC A Authors: ABSTRACT Charles R. Haddad1 As part of the South African National Survey of Arachnida (SANSA) in conserved areas, arachnids Ansie S. Dippenaar- were collected in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The Schoeman2 survey was carried out between 1999 and 2007, and consisted of five intensive surveys between Affiliations: two and 12 days in duration. Arachnids were sampled in five broad habitat types, namely fynbos, 1Department of Zoology & wetlands, i.e. De Hoop Vlei, Eucalyptus plantations at Potberg and Cupido’s Kraal, coastal dunes Entomology University of near Koppie Alleen and the intertidal zone at Koppie Alleen. A total of 274 species representing the Free State, five orders, 65 families and 191 determined genera were collected, of which spiders (Araneae) South Africa were the dominant taxon (252 spp., 174 genera, 53 families). The most species rich families collected were the Salticidae (32 spp.), Thomisidae (26 spp.), Gnaphosidae (21 spp.), Araneidae (18 2 Biosystematics: spp.), Theridiidae (16 spp.) and Corinnidae (15 spp.). Notes are provided on the most commonly Arachnology collected arachnids in each habitat. ARC - Plant Protection Research Institute Conservation implications: This study provides valuable baseline data on arachnids conserved South Africa in De Hoop Nature Reserve, which can be used for future assessments of habitat transformation, 2Department of Zoology & alien invasive species and climate change on arachnid biodiversity.
    [Show full text]
  • Kutch Basin Forms the North-Western Part of the Western Continental
    Basin Introduction :. Kutch basin forms the north-western part of the western continental margin of India and is situated at the southern edge of the Indus shelf at right angles to the southern Indus fossil rift (Zaigham and Mallick, 2000). It is bounded by the Nagar- Parkar fault in the North, Radhanpur-Barmer arch in the east and North Kathiawar fault towards the south. The basin extents between Latitude 22° 30' and 24° 30' N and Longitudes 68° and 72° E covering entire Kutch district and western part of Banaskantha (Santalpur Taluka) districts of Gujarat state. It is an east-west oriented pericratonic embayment opening and deepening towards the sea in the west towards the Arabian Sea. The total area of the basin is about 71,000 sq. km of which onland area is 43,000 sq.km and offshore area is 28,000 sq.km. upto 200 bathymetry. The basin is filled up with 1550 to 2500m of Mesozoic sediments and 550m of Tertiary sediments in onland region and upto 4500m of Tertiary sediments in offshore region (Well GKH-1). The sediment fill thickens from less than 500m in the north to over 4500m in the south and from 200m in the east to over 14,000m in the deep sea region towards western part of the basin indicating a palaeo-slope in the south-west. The western continental shelf of India, with average shelf break at about 200 m depth, is about 300 km wide off Mumbai coast and gradually narrows down to 160 km off Kutch in the north.
    [Show full text]
  • J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J
    j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j DhananJa}arao Gadglillbrary j 111111111111 InlllIlll Illilllill DIIIIH GIPE-PUNE-IOI540 j j f '----- - j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j SELECTIONS FI10M THE RECORDS OF THE BOMBAY GOVERNMENT. ~ (IN Two PARTS.)-NEW SERIES. Y;-"'~Vtlf _____ PART I. REPORT~ ON THE RESOURCES, &0., OF THE • DISTRICTS OF NADIAD, ~IT~R, w)NDE~, JUJAPUR, DHOLKA. DHANDHUKA, AND GOGH( THE TAPPA OF NAPAD, AND THE . KASBA OF RANPUR, IN GUJARAT: . / ACCOMPANIED EY ERIEF NO~ RELATIVE TO THE OONDITION OF THAT PROVINCE PREVIOUS TO THE OLOSE OF THE LAST CENTURY. A • of': .. ~_. ~,..._~ __ .... __ ~ ____ ~ WI';['H MEMOIRS ON 'THE DISTRICT~_ O~ JHALAVAD: KaTHIAWAR PROPER, MACHU KAN"'tHA, NAVANAGAR • . GOHELVAD, PORBANDAR, SORATH, AND HALAR, IN KATEIAW AP :" _)._1 ACCOMPANIED BY MISCELLANEOU~ INFORMATION ,CONNECTED WJTH THAT PBOYINCE ~ By (THE LATE) COLONEL ALEXANDER WALKER PART. II., REPORTS OF THE , " MEASURES; tJOMMENCING WITH 'ra.~ YEA:& 180;), AD6PTED) IN CONCERT WITH THE GOVERNMENT, BY. -THE LA~E COLONEL-­ ALEXANDER WALKER; ANP SuBSEQUENTLY BYMlt r.-V:­ WILLOUGHBY, POLITICAL AGENT IN KATHIAWAR, AND BY HIS SUCCESSORS, FOR THE SUPPRESSION OF FEMALE INFANTI­ CIDE1N THAT PROVINCE . •C01'lPILED &r EDITED BY R. HUGHES TROnS. ASSISTANT SEORETARY, POLITICAL DEPARTMEl!T , ~.O'mbaJl! REPRINTED AT THE GOVER;NMENT CENTRAL PRESS. -1~93. ~B3TRACT -OF CONTENTS. PARTt fAG.e. Qt1lARA~-Reporta on the ResourCt>s, &c., uf.the j;lhtrll:ts of Nll.duld, Mdtar, Mahudha, BIJapur, Dholka, Dhl.llldhuka and GogN:, the T'lppa of Napa.r, and thE' Kasba of Ranpur In the Plovlnce of GujarMf.
    [Show full text]
  • On Some New Species of Spiders of the Family Oxyopidae from India
    ON SOME NEW SPECIES OF SPIDERS OF THE FAMILY OXYOPIDAE FROM INDIA BY B. K. TIKADEK (Zoological Survey of India, Western Regional Station, Poona) Received February 8, 1965 (Communicated by Prof. T. S. Mahabale, F.A.SC.) INTRODUCTION SPIDERS of the family Oxyopidae have received scant attention in India. Since Pocock's classical work (1900) on the Indian Arachnida no serious attention has been given to explore the spider fauna of this country. Even this representative work contains no adequate references to such an obscure family as Oxyopidae. Only Pocock (1901) described four new species of the genus Oxyopes. But the genus Peucetia is practically unknown from our country. Recently Brady (1964) has described a number of species of the family Oxyopidae from North America. While examining the spider collection from Maharashtra, I came across three new species of spiders of the genera Oxyopes and Peucetia, which are described in tiffs paper. The type specimens will in due course be deposited in the collection of the Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 1. Oxyopes chittrae sp. nov. General.--Cephalothorax and legs brownish-green, abdomen brown. Total length 6.90 mm. Carapace 2.50 mm. long, 1-50 mm. wide; abdomen 4.20mm. long, 2.40mm. wide. Cephalothorax.--Longer than wide, high, narrowing in front, cephalic region slightly high, clothed with fine hairs; centre of thorax provided with fine fovea. Eyes black, and bases encircled with back patch. Posterior row procurved and situated in equal distance; anterior row strongly re- curved and anterior mediar/eyes smaller than others. Clypeus long. Ster- num heart-shaped, pointed behind, clothed with hairs.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Beaches 2019 June Caleyi
    p CALEYI i c A n d r e P o r t e n e r s NORTHERN BEACHES G R O U P austplants.com.au/northern-beaches June 2019 Australian Plants Society Northern Beaches APS NORTHERN BEACHES MAY MEETING [email protected] Anne Gray President Dr Conny Harris 9451 3231 At our May meeting Eleanor continued our education on Plant Families by Vice-President David Drage 9949 5179 presenting the Araliaceae Family. Secretary Penny Hunstead 9999 1847 Minutes Secretary Eleanor Eakins 9451 1883 This family is made up of 52 genera and 700 species worldwide. Eleanor Treasurer Lindy Monson 9953 7498 looked at the Astrotricha (star-hair) genus which is found in the Sydney area Regiona Delegate Harry Loots 9953 7498 and is closely related to the Apiaceae Family (flannel flowers). The plants Librarian Jennifer McLean 9970 6528 usually have star hairs on most parts of theAsplenium plant except obtusatum. the pic:Richard upper surface Hunstead of Website Administrator David Drage 9949 5179 the mature leaf. Membership Officer Jan Carnes 0416 101 327 Talk Co-ordinator Russell Beardmore 0404 023 223 Walk Co-ordinator Anne Gray 9402 4797 Catering Officer Georgine Jakobi 9981 7471 Newsletter Editor Jane March 0407 220 380 CALENDAR APS Northern Beaches meeting Thursday June 6, 2019 at Stony Range Botanic Garden, Dee Why. 7.00 pm Plant family. Campanulaceae - Estelle Burrows. 7.15 pm Presentation: Katriona Wragg: NBC Community Nursery Supervisor. Growing A Community Native Plant Nursery. Northern Beaches Council Community Native Plant Nursery started in 2009 and produced less than 1000 plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Project Completion Report
    CEPF SMALL GRANT FINAL PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Organization Legal Name: - Tarantula (Araneae: Theraphosidae) spider diversity, distribution and habitat-use: A study on Protected Area adequacy and Project Title: conservation planning at a landscape level in the Western Ghats of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka Date of Report: 18 August 2011 Dr. Manju Siliwal Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society Report Author and Contact 9-A, Lal Bahadur Colony, Near Bharathi Colony Information Peelamedu Coimbatore 641004 Tamil Nadu, India CEPF Region: The Western Ghats Region (Sahyadri-Konkan and Malnad-Kodugu Corridors). 2. Strategic Direction: To improve the conservation of globally threatened species of the Western Ghats through systematic conservation planning and action. The present project aimed to improve the conservation status of two globally threatened (Molur et al. 2008b, Siliwal et al., 2008b) ground dwelling theraphosid species, Thrigmopoeus insignis and T. truculentus endemic to the Western Ghats through systematic conservation planning and action. Investment Priority 2.1 Monitor and assess the conservation status of globally threatened species with an emphasis on lesser-known organisms such as reptiles and fish. The present project was focused on an ignored or lesser-known group of spiders called Tarantulas/ Theraphosid spiders and provided valuable information on population status and potential conservation sites in Uttara Kannada district, which will help in future monitoring and assessment of conservation status of the two globally threatened theraphosid species T. insignis and Near Threatened T. truculentus. Investment Priority 2.3. Evaluate the existing protected area network for adequate globally threatened species representation and assess effectiveness of protected area types in biodiversity conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • Birds of Coimbatore Urban Area, India
    REGIONAL OFFICE FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC (RAP), BANGKOK FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS October-December 2005 Regional Quarterly Bulletin on Wildlife and National Parks Management Vol. XXXII : No. 4 Featuring Vol. XIX : No. 4 Contents Birds of Coimbatore Urban Area, India.........…………... 1 Study on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Biodiversity of Himachal Pradesh Himalayas......................…....… 6 Participatory Wildlife Conservation Initiatives in Nepal.… 11 Diversity of Spiders in Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary.. 18 Ecology of Purple Moorhen in Azhinhillam Wetlan…....… 23 Breeding of an Indian Giant Squirrel Pup at Arignar Anna Zoological Park......................................................…. 27 Food, Feeding, Behavior and Habitat Preferences of REGIONAL OFFICE Spiny-Tailed Lizard in the Thar Desert...................…... 30 FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC TIGERPAPER is a quarterly news bulletin dedicated to the exchange of information Second Announcement - Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission relating to wildlife and national parks management for the to meet in Dehradun, India....................................……… 1 Asia-Pacific Region. New Forest Assessment Indicates Overall Expansion of Asian Forests But Continued Decline of Natural Forests...................................................................….... 4 ISSN 1014 - 2789 Interested in Making Forest Management Work for the Poor?............................................................................ 6 Address Award-Winning Forestry at Tonle Sap --
    [Show full text]
  • Araneae: Araneidae)
    IF : 3.62 | IC Value 70.36 Volume-5, Issue-9, September - 2016 • ISSN No 2277 - 8160 Commerce Original Research Paper Zoology Indian Spiders of the Genus Ordgarius (Araneae: Araneidae) Department of Zoology, B. P. Baria Science Institute, Navsari -396445, Thumar R. H. Gujarat- India Department of Zoology, Sir P. T. Sarvajanik College of Science, Dholakia A. H. Athwalines, Surat- 395001, Gujarat – India Department of Zoology, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Ade P.P. Science, Akola 444001, Maharashtra- India ABSTRACT The common orb-weaver spider of the family Araneidae is a large family comprising more than 169 genera and 3098 species occurring worldwide (WBC NMB , 16.5 , 2015 ) among them 28 genera and 163 species are found in India ( ISC , 2015 ). Genus Ordgarius Keyserling, 1886 is known from India to Japan and Indonesia, as far as India is concern 03 species were reported (ISC, 2015). Present paper deals with the specimens collected from Agroecosystem of Agriculture University, Navsari, Gujarat-India. Specimens were collected during both summer and rainy seasons from Banana and Papaya crops. This paper describes the species from genus Ordgarius, along with rediscription and diagnostic characters. KEYWORDS : Ordgarius, tubercles, agriculture, Gujarat INTRODUCTION: legs (Gertsch, 1955; Stowe, 1986). The shape of tubercles on cephalo- Ordgarius keyserling, 1886 is a genus of Australasian bolas spiders thorax of the two genera are also different (Gertsch,1955). belonging to the family Araneidae. These spiders are known for its typical behavior, of throwing out a strand of silk with a sticky ball on Description: Carapace convex, longer than wide, upper side armed the end to catch its prey and emits components of sex pheromones with a few symmetrically placed, various shaped, tooth like tubercles.
    [Show full text]
  • Koexistence a Rozdělení Niky U Pavouků Rodu Philodromus
    Masarykova univerzita Přírodovědecká fakulta Ústav botaniky a zoologie Koexistence a rozdělení niky u pavouků rodu Philodromus Diplomová práce Autor: Radek Michalko Brno 2012 Vedoucí DP: doc. Mgr. Stano Pekár Ph.D. 1 Souhlasím s uloţením této diplomové práce v knihovně Ústavu botaniky a zoologie PřF MU v Brně, případně v jiné knihovně MU, s jejím veřejným půjčováním a vyuţitím pro vědecké, vzdělávací nebo jiné veřejně prospěšné účely, a to za předpokladu, ţe převzaté informace budou řádně citovány a nebudou vyuţívány komerčně. V Brně 8.1.2012 ………………………………… Podpis 2 PODĚKOVÁNÍ Zejména bych chtěl poděkovat vedoucímu mé diplomové práce panu docentu Stanu Pekárovi, ţe mi umoţnil pracovat na tomto tématu, za trpělivé vedení a uţitečné rady. Dále bych chtěl velice poděkovat mým rodičům, bez jejichţ osobní a finanční podpory by tato práce nevznikla. Rovněţ bych chtěl poděkovat Lence Sentenské, Evě Líznarové, Pavlovi Šebkovi a Stanovi Korenkovi za podporu a cenné rady všeho druhu. 3 ABSTRAKT Koexistence a rozdělení niky pavouků rodu Philodromus V této diplomové práci byl zkoumán mechanismus umoţňující koexistenci mezi Philodromus albidus, P. aureolus a P. cespitum. Studie probíhala na území významného krajinného prvku U Kříţe v Brně Starém Lískovci. Studované území se skládá ze třech typů biotopů: listnatý les, křoviny a monokultura švestek. Pavouci byli získáváni pomocí sklepávání. U zkoumaných druhů byly porovnávány různé dimenze niky. Prostorová nika byla zkoumána na základě mikro- aţ makrobiotopových preferencí. Trofická nika byla zkoumána na základě velikosti a typu přirozené kořisti a pomocí laboratorních experimentů potravních preferencí. Časová nika byla zkoumána na základě fenologie jednotlivých druhů. Studované druhy se lišily v prostorové a trofické nice.
    [Show full text]
  • Mai Po Nature Reserve Management Plan: 2019-2024
    Mai Po Nature Reserve Management Plan: 2019-2024 ©Anthony Sun June 2021 (Mid-term version) Prepared by WWF-Hong Kong Mai Po Nature Reserve Management Plan: 2019-2024 Page | 1 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Regional and Global Context ........................................................................................................................ 8 1.2 Local Biodiversity and Wise Use ................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Geology and Geological History ................................................................................................................. 10 1.4 Hydrology ................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Climate ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 1.6 Climate Change Impacts ............................................................................................................................. 11 1.7 Biodiversity ................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Cyrtophora Citricola (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae)1 G
    EENY-535 A Colonial Tentweb Orbweaver scientific name: Cyrtophora citricola (Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae)1 G. B. Edwards2 Introduction Distribution Few species of spiders can be considered truly social, but Cyrtophora citricola is widespread in subtropical and more species, particularly web-building spiders, live in tropical areas of Asia, Africa, Australia, and in the warm close proximity to one another, potentially gaining benefits coastal Mediterranean areas of Europe (Blanke 1972, by this association. Among these benefits are sharing of Leborgne et al. 1998). It was found in Colombia in 1996 frame threads (Kullman 1959), improved defense against (Levi 1997, Pulido 2002), the Dominican Republic in 1999 predators and parasites (Cangialosi 1990), improved prey (Alayón 2001), Florida in 2000, and Cuba in 2003 (Alayón capture efficiency (Rypstra 1979, Uetz 1989), and greater 2003). Survey work was performed August 2000, April egg production (Smith 1983). 2001, and July 2002 to document the spread of the species in Florida. The survey was focused on canal bridges because Of the three main types of aggregative behaviors exhibited Cyrtophora citricola has a tendency to make its webs on by spiders, the one with the least social interaction involves the guardrails of canal bridges (Figure 6). The survey work individuals making and maintaining their own webs within in 2000 established a preliminary periphery of infestation a colonial matrix of interconnected webs (Buskirk 1975). in a narrow band from west of Homestead to northeast of One such species, which has become highly successful Homestead. through a lifestyle of colonial aggregation, is the orbweaver Cyrtophora citricola Forskål. This species is known as a To date, the known distribution of Cyrtophora citricola in tentweb spider in Africa (Dippenaar-Schoeman and Jocqué Florida is a parallelogram-shaped area from east of the 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Natural HISTORY
    I AUSTRAliAN NATURAl HISTORY PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, 6-B COLLEGE STREET, SYDNEY VOLUME 19 NUMBER 7 PRESIDENT, JOE BAKER DIRECTOR, DESMOND GRIFFIN JULY-SEPTEMBER 1976 THE EARLY MYSTERY OF NORFOLK ISLAND 218 BY JIM SPECHT INSIDE THE SOPHISTICATED SEA SQUIRT 224 BY FRANK ROWE SILK, SPINNERETS AND SNARES 228 BY MICHAEL GRAY EXPLORING MACQUARIE ISLAND 236 PART1 : SOUTH ERN W ILDLIFE OUTPOST BY DONALD HORNING COVER: The Rockhopper I PART 2: SUBANTARCTIC REFUGE Penguin, Eudyptes chryso­ BY JIM LOWRY come chrysocome, a small crested species which reaches 57cm maximum A MICROCOSM OF DIVERSITY 246 adult height. One of the four penguin species which BY JOHN TERRELL breed on Macq uarie Island, they leave for six months every year to spend the IN REVIEW w inter months at sea. SPECTACULAR SHELLS AND OTHER CREATURES 250 (Photo: D.S. Horning.) A nnual Subscription: $6-Australia; $A7.50-other countries except New Zealand . EDITOR Single cop ies: $1 .50 ($1.90 posted Australia); $A2-other countries except New NANCY SMITH Zealand . Cheque or money order payable to The Australian Museum should be sen t ASSISTANT EDITORS to The Secretary, The Australian Museum, PO Box A285, Sydney South 2000. DENISE TORV , Overseas subscribers please note that monies must be paid in Australian currency. INGARET OETTLE DESIGN I PRODUCTION New Zealand Annual Subscription: $NZ8. Cheque or money order payable to the LEAH RYAN Government Printer should be sent to the New Zealand Government Printer, ASSISTANT Private Bag, Wellington. BRONWYN SHIRLEY CIRCULATION Opinions expressed by the authors are their own and do not necessarily represent BRUCE GRAINGER the policies or v iews of The Australian Museum.
    [Show full text]