doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v8i2.527 e-ISSN 1983-0572 Publicação do Projeto Entomologistas do Brasil www.ebras.bio.br Distribuído através da Creative Commons Licence v4.0 (BY-NC-ND) Copyright © EntomoBrasilis Copyright © do(s) Autor(es)

First Record of Venturia sp. Parasitizing the Moth

Abel Felipe Oliveira Queiroz, Bianca Giuliano Ambrogi, Jucileide Lima Santos & Eduardo Silva Nascimento

Universidade Federal de Sergipe, e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] (Autor para correspondência), [email protected], [email protected]. ______

EntomoBrasilis 8 (2): 165-167 (2015)

Abstract. The coconut moth Atheloca subrufella Hulst (: Phycitidae) is considered an important pest of coconut crops in Brazil, which is the fourth largest global coconut producer. Concerning the economic importance of this crop and aiming to increase the knowledge related to biological control, the present research aimed records the first occurrence of Venturia sp. (: ) parasitizing A. subrufella caterpillars in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. infested by A. subrufella caterpillars were collected in coconut plantation and kept in the Entomology Laboratory (Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS) until the emergence of A. subrufella adults or the parasitoids. The parasitoids obtained were identified as Venturia sp..

Keywords: Atheloca subrufella; biological control; Cocos nucifera; natural enemy; parasitoid.

Primeira Ocorrência de Venturia sp. Parasitando a Traça-do-Coqueiro

Resumo. A traça-do-coqueiro Atheloca subrufella Hulst (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) é considerada uma importante praga da cultura do coqueiro no Brasil, o qual é o quarto maior produtor mundial de coco. Devido à importância econômica desta cultura e visando aumentar o conhecimento relacionado ao controle biológico, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar a primeira ocorrência de Venturia sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) parasitando lagartas de A. subrufella no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Cocos infestados por lagartas de A. subrufella foram coletados em plantações de coco e mantidos no laboratório de Entomologia (Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS) até a emergência de adultos de A. subrufella ou dos parasitoides. Os parasitoides obtidos foram identificados como Venturia sp..

Palavras-Chave: Atheloca subrufella; Cocos nucifera; controle biológico; inimigo natural; parasitoide.

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he coconut tree, Cocos nucifera Linnaeus (), Most species parasitoid hymenopteran are within of superfamily is among the most widespread fruit trees in the world, Ichneumonoidea that comprises two cosmopolitan families - occurring practically in all continents. Currently, Brazil is Braconidae and Ichneumonidae (Qu i c k e 2014). the fourth largest global coconut producer, having a production about 2.8 million tons in a 287,000 ha area (Ma r t i n s & Je s u s J u n i o r The objective of the present study was to collect and identify a 2011). Among the ten largest coconut producer states in Brazil, parasitoid from A. subrufella in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. seven of them are in the northeast region. The largest producer Forty coconuts, with signs infestation by A. subrufella caterpillars, state is Bahia, followed by Sergipe and Ceará that together are were collected in two coconut plantation located in Pirambu City, responsible for more than 50% of coconut production in Brazil Sergipe. The coconuts were kept in the Entomology Laboratory

Comunicação Científica (Ma r t i n s & Je s u s Ju n i o r 2011). (Universidade Federal de Sergipe – UFS) in plastic containers The coconut moth, Atheloca subrufella Hulst (Lepidoptera: (17 cm height x 13 cm diameter) covered with voil for aeration Phycitidae), is considered an important pest in coconut crops in until the A. subrufella caterpillars leave the coconut and reached Brazil and its thermal requirements favor infestation throughout the pupal phase. The pupae were isolated in plastic containers (5 the whole year in the Brazilian North and Northeast region cm height x 6.5 cm diameter) containing filter paper moistened (Sa n t a n a et al. 2010). A. subrufella caterpillars can develop with distilled water covered with voil, and kept under laboratory inside female flowers, feeding on the carpel, or inside young conditions (24 ± 1ºC; 60 % RH) until the emergence of A. coconut fruits, feeding on the mesocarp. Externally, infested subrufella adults or the parasitoids. fruits have feces bound by silk strands. Young coconuts and The prevalence of parasistism was calculated using the formula: flowers infested by A. subrufella caterpillars are aborted and fall P = parasite pupae/total pupae x 100 (Bu s h et al. 1997; Sa l l e s off, the ones that do not fall off become deformed and have its 1995). commercial value reduced (Bo n d a r 1940; Fe r r e i r a et al. 1998, 2002). These characteristics allow them to escape and survive From the collected coconuts were obtained 24 A. subrufella the insecticide applications. Therefore, complementary strategies pupae, being sixteen males and eight females. Among the A. such as biological control, should be evaluated to control this subrufella pupae emerged five adult parasitoids, being one adult pest. parasitoid per pupa, two of them emerged from male pupae and three from female pupae. The prevalence of parasitism Several species, mainly hymenopterans, have been recorded as parasitoids, acting as biocontrol agents of a myriad of Financial Support: CNPq and CAPES considered important crop pests (Ma r c h i o r i et al. 2007). www.periodico.ebras.bio.br 166 uh .. KD Lfet, .. oz AW Sotk 1997. Shostak, A.W. & Lotz J.M. Lafferty, K.D. A.O., Bush coqueiro do moléstias e nocivos Insetos 1940. G.G., Bondar, Botton, M. & Sant’ana J. Redaelli, L.R. R., Bisotto-de-Oliveira, provided forthisresearch. scholarship and support financial for CAPES and CNPq to also of adults parasitoids obtained in the research. The authors thank expert, taxonomic Ichneumonidae an Dias, The authors are grateful to Dra. Angélica Maria Penteado Martins plantations furtherrelevantstudiesshouldbeconducted. (Queiroz, A.F.O.). Figure 1. Adults of the in members of genera its , eighteen occur in Brazil (S the Among of Campopleginae, pests. agricultural importance of subfamily the control population for the known to is which belongs genus Venturia Venturia sp.(Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae)(Figure1). as identified were and Carlos, São de Federal Universidade the Dias Martins Penteado Maria Angélica Dra. professor to sent were obtained adults parasitoid Two 20.83%. was observed une Lpdpea Ncude i alfafa in (E Argentina Noctuidae) in pastures (Lepidoptera: Guenée malefida Agrotis gypaetina Agrotis the Two new parasitism occurrences were recorded in this subfamily, eria JMS, .. e ia DLQ Snaa JIL Moura J.I.L. Santana, D.L.Q. Lima, de M.F. J.M.S., Ferreira, (Hymenoptera) Ichneumonoideos 2005. B., Estela, First Recordof eria JMS, ... awc & .. iuia Es) A (Eds.). Siqueira L.A. & Warwick D.R.N. J.M.S., Ferreira, Revisited. The al. et Margolis terms: own its on ecology meets Parasitology p. nucifera (Cocos do Arquivos RS. Videira, Instituto Biológico,74:115-119. em ) a (Lepidoptera, associados Parasitóides 2007. & L.A. de Souza, 1998. Pragas do coqueiro, p. 189-268. p. coqueiro, do Pragas 1998. Souza, de L.A. & Central. Argentina 566X200500030000 doi: la 407-414. en 34: Entomology L.) Neotropical sativa (Medicago alfalfa de pasturas en cortadoras orugas de complejo del parasitoides Campoletis Venturia sp.ParasitizingtheCoconutMoth eu ws on prstzn ctrilr of caterpillars parasitizing found was genus Venturia Acknowledgments Journal ofParasitology,83:575-583. ) no Brasil. Salvador, Tipografia Naval, 160 Naval, Tipografia Salvador, Brasil. no ) une Lpdpea Ncude and Noctuidae) (Lepidoptera: Guenée References sp. a l e t s 8. sent to identification: side view of (A) a female, which can be identified by the presence of an ovipositor and (B) a male 2005). No parasitoid species was species parasitoid No 2005). rpolbs gnidiella Cryptoblabes o t a n o d n a for the identification the for 10.1590/S1519-

et al. 2010). A from In : acir, .. MA Lsai DC Rs & .. Penteado- A.M. & Rosa D.C. Lussari, M.A. C.H., Marchiori, Lpdpea Prlde i Egad (S England in Pyralidae) (Lepidoptera: and Pyralidae) (Lepidoptera: aiy (E family there is not a current and complete review to the Ichneumonidae that fact the due genus until only identified were parasitoids The belonging tothePyralidaefamily. at G, 95 Te ae f n nenl parasitoid, internal an of fate The 1975. G., Salt, de da incidência vertical Estratificação 1995. L.A.B., Salles, Parasitoid Ichneumonid and Braconid The 2014. D.L.J., Quicke, Martins, C.R. & L.A. de Jesus Júnior, 2011. Evolução da produção Insetos 2002. Sarro, F.B. & Araújo R.P.C. J.M.S., Ferreira, yaia) n rzl a iprat et n rpvn orchards grapevine (B on pest important an Brazil, in Pyralidae) as such hosts, Lepidoptera other parasitizing recorded been already has genus parasitizing recorded previously parasitizing adnt, .. HC Ooy AM Pned-is 2010. Penteado-Dias, A.M. & Onody H.C. D.L., Sandonato, sp. can act as biological control agent of agent control biological as act can sp. o t t o s i ora o Booy 6: 8-8. doi: 581-582. 67: Biology, 6984200700030002 of Journal the Brazilian Goiás. during Itumbiara, in periods nocturnal and diurnal collected Hymenoptera Parasitoid 2007. Dias, Informação Tecnológica,136p. Embrapa Brasília, 28), Brasil, do Frutas (Serie fitossanidade j.1365-2311.1975.tb00562. Entomological Society of London, 127: 141 – 161. doi: canescens Anais daSociedadeEntomológicadoBrasil,24:423-428. Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.) em fruteiras no sul do Brasil. York, JohnWiley&Sons,704p. Ecology and Evolution Systematics, Biology, : 164), 28p. Panorama - internacional (Documentos, Costeiros Tabuleiros comércio Embrapa Aracaju, 2010. o e Brasil no coco de 40. – 10 p. ácaros, e 292 p. cultura do coqueiro no Brasil, 2nd Ed. Brasília, Embrapa-SPI, m ots râia e Aaaur e ã Cro, SP, Carlos, São e doi: 121. – Araraquara 117 10: Neotropica, Biota em Brasil. orgânicas hortas em Ichneumonidae) (Hymenoptera, Campopleginae de Fauna - e d a l e t s -O A. subrufella pupae. However, to assert that , in a variety of insects. Transactions of the Royal the of Transactions insects. of variety a in , a r i e v i l 2005). This is the first record of record first the is This 2005). ilèe (Lepidoptera: Millière gnidiella Cryptoblabes

et al. 7. 2007), In x. ocr cephalonica Corcyra Frer, ... E.. Coco: (Ed.). J.M.S. Ferreira, : , but the but subrufella, A. Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) in coconut in subrufella A. e-ISSN 1983-0572 t l a 95, l o them of all 1975), 10.1590/S1676- 10.1590/S1519- Queiroz etal. Venturia (Stainton) Nemeritis Venturia Venturia 10.1111/ . B New sp. Maio - Agosto 2015 - www.periodico.ebras.bio.br EntomoBrasilis 8 (2)

06032010000200014. Received in: 05/03/2015 Santana, S.W.J.S., R. Barros, J.B. Torres & M.G.C. Gondim Accepted in: 06/11/2015 Jr, 2010. Exigências térmicas da praga do coqueiro ********** Atheloca subrufella (Hulst) (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae). Neotropical Entomology, 39: 181 – 186. doi: 10.1590/S1519- 566X2010000200006.

Suggested citation:

Queiroz, A.F.O., B.G. Ambrogi, J.L. Santos & E.S. Nascimento, 2015. First Record of Venturia sp. Parasitizing the Coconut Moth. EntomoBrasilis, 8 (2): 165-167. Available in: doi:10.12741/ebrasilis.v8i2.527 167

e-ISSN 1983-0572