Corruption As an Obstacle to Development
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Consolidating Democratic Governance in the Sadc Region: Mauritius
CONSOLIDATING DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN THE SADC REGION: MAURITIUS CONSOLIDATING DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE IN THE SADC REGION: MAURITIUS StraConsult, Mauritius Study Commissioned by EISA 2008 Published by EISA 14 Park Rd, Richmond Johannesburg South Africa P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: 27 11 482 5495 Fax: 27 11 482 6163 Email: [email protected] www.eisa.org.za ISBN: 978-1-920095-85-7 © EISA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of EISA. First published 2008 EISA is a non-partisan organisation which seeks to promote democratic principles, free and fair elections, a strong civil society and good governance at all levels of Southern African society. _____________ ____________ EISA Research Report, No. 37 EISA RESEARCH REPORT NO 37 i PREFACE This research report is the culmination of a study undertaken by EISA focusing on the state of democratic governance in the Southern African region. The programme, implemented under the generic theme ‘Consolidating Democratic Governance in the SADC Region’, has evolved over a four-year period spanning 2003-2006. The research aims to investigate the state of democracy and governance in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region, posing a key question as to whether or not the region has undergone democratic transition and, if so, posing a related question as to whether or not the region is firmly set on the road to democratic consolidation. The four key variables for the assessment of the state of democratic governance in this study are: representation and accountability; citizen participation; local governance; and economic management and corporate governance. -
Constitutional & Parliamentary Information
UNION INTERPARLEMENTAIRE INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION CCoonnssttiittuuttiioonnaall && PPaarrlliiaammeennttaarryy IInnffoorrmmaattiioonn Half-yearly Review of the Association of Secretaries General of Parliaments Preparations in Parliament for Climate Change Conference 22 in Marrakech (Abdelouahed KHOUJA, Morocco) National Assembly organizations for legislative support and strengthening the expertise of their staff members (WOO Yoon-keun, Republic of Korea) The role of Parliamentary Committee on Government Assurances in making the executive accountable (Shumsher SHERIFF, India) The role of the House Steering Committee in managing the Order of Business in sittings of the Indonesian House of Representatives (Dr Winantuningtyastiti SWASANANY, Indonesia) Constitutional reform and Parliament in Algeria (Bachir SLIMANI, Algeria) The 2016 impeachment of the Brazilian President (Luiz Fernando BANDEIRA DE MELLO, Brazil) Supporting an inclusive Parliament (Eric JANSE, Canada) The role of Parliament in international negotiations (General debate) The Lok Sabha secretariat and its journey towards a paperless office (Anoop MISHRA, India) The experience of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies on Open Parliament (Antonio CARVALHO E SILVA NETO) Web TV – improving the score on Parliamentary transparency (José Manuel ARAÚJO, Portugal) Deepening democracy through public participation: an overview of the South African Parliament’s public participation model (Gengezi MGIDLANA, South Africa) The failed coup attempt in Turkey on 15 July 2016 (Mehmet Ali KUMBUZOGLU) -
DECISIONS MADE in the FRAME Teodora Heim
1 DECISIONS MADE IN THE FRAME Rational Choice, Institutional Norms and Public Ethos Against Corruption in Mauritius Teodora Heim Malmö University, Kultur och Samhälle Leadership and Public Organization: One-year master programme Masters’ Thesis, 15 HP VT2019 Tutor: Anders Edvik 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... 4 2. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.1. The purpose of this study and the research questions ............................................................ 6 2.2. A short research overview ...................................................................................................... 7 2.3. Definitions .............................................................................................................................. 9 2.3.1. The definition of corruption in this study ........................................................................... 9 2.3.2. The definitions of the public officers ................................................................................ 10 2.4. Disposition of the report ....................................................................................................... 10 3. THEORETICAL DISCUSSIONS ............................................................................................. 10 3.1. Rational Choice + New Institutionalism = Rational -
Map of Corruption in Yemen: Influential Parties
Map of Corruption in Yemen: Influential Parties Dr. Yehya Salih Mohsin Yemen Observatory for Human Rights (YOHR) 2010 Contents Foreword Preface (Anecdotes on corruption in Yemen) Introduction Chapter One: Concepts and levels of corruption: Its indicators and mechanisms in Yemen - Concepts and definitions of corruption - Levels and forms of corruption - Destructive impacts of corruption - Indicators of corruption in Yemen - The foremost mechanisms of corruption in Yemen - The private sector adapts to corrupt relationships - The government and the World Bank are partners in obscuring and distorting data - The Supreme National Anti-Corruption Commission: Destructive corruption and poor performance Chapter Two: The political economy of corruption in Yemen - Yemen on the verge of failed statehood - When corruption becomes an institution - The tribal military alliance – a pillar of the corrupt authority - Absolute authority – a support for the institution of corruption - Hereditary rule and the politicisation of public service - Corruption: the great sponsor of terrorism Chapter Three: Corruption in the oil sector in Yemen - The nature of the socio-economic circumstances - The major deficiencies in the oil sector - Mechanisms and forms of corruption in the oil sector: 4 • Corruption through “additional credits” 5 • Corruption through smuggling of oil derivatives 12 • Other forms of corruption in the oil sector 16 Chapter Four: Corruption in Yemen: A field study - Numerical data from the field studies (questionnaire) - Analysis of the results -
Representing Different Constituencies: Electoral Rules in Bicameral Systems in Latin America and Their Impact on Political Representation
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Nolte, Detlef; Sánchez, Francisco Working Paper Representing Different Constituencies: Electoral Rules in Bicameral Systems in Latin America and Their Impact on Political Representation GIGA Working Papers, No. 11 Provided in Cooperation with: GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies Suggested Citation: Nolte, Detlef; Sánchez, Francisco (2005) : Representing Different Constituencies: Electoral Rules in Bicameral Systems in Latin America and Their Impact on Political Representation, GIGA Working Papers, No. 11, German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA), Hamburg This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/182554 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, -
Federalism, Bicameralism, and Institutional Change: General Trends and One Case-Study*
brazilianpoliticalsciencereview ARTICLE Federalism, Bicameralism, and Institutional Change: General Trends and One Case-study* Marta Arretche University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil The article distinguishes federal states from bicameralism and mechanisms of territorial representation in order to examine the association of each with institutional change in 32 countries by using constitutional amendments as a proxy. It reveals that bicameralism tends to be a better predictor of constitutional stability than federalism. All of the bicameral cases that are associated with high rates of constitutional amendment are also federal states, including Brazil, India, Austria, and Malaysia. In order to explore the mechanisms explaining this unexpected outcome, the article also examines the voting behavior of Brazilian senators constitutional amendments proposals (CAPs). It shows that the Brazilian Senate is a partisan Chamber. The article concludes that regional influence over institutional change can be substantially reduced, even under symmetrical bicameralism in which the Senate acts as a second veto arena, when party discipline prevails over the cohesion of regional representation. Keywords: Federalism; Bicameralism; Senate; Institutional change; Brazil. well-established proposition in the institutional literature argues that federal Astates tend to take a slow reform path. Among other typical federal institutions, the second legislative body (the Senate) common to federal systems (Lijphart 1999; Stepan * The Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado -
Combating Corruption in Yemen
Beyond the Business as Usual Approach: COMBATING CORRUPTION IN YEMEN By: The Sana’a Center for Strategic Studies November 2018 COMBATING CORRUPTION IN YEMEN Beyond the Business as Usual Approach: COMBATING CORRUPTION IN YEMEN By: The Sana’a Center for Strategic Studies November 2018 This white paper was prepared by the Sana’a Center for Strategic Studies, in coordination with the project partners DeepRoot Consulting and CARPO – Center for Applied Research in Partnership with the Orient. Note: This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union and the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to Yemen. The recommendations expressed within this document are the personal opinions of the author(s) only, and do not represent the views of the Sanaa Center for Strategic Studies, DeepRoot Consulting, CARPO - Center for Applied Research in Partnership with the Orient, or any other persons or organizations with whom the participants may be otherwise affiliated. The contents of this document can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union or the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to Yemen. Co-funded by the European Union Photo credit: Claudiovidri / Shutterstock.com Rethinking Yemen’s Economy | November 2018 2 COMBATING CORRUPTION IN YEMEN TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 3 Acronyms 4 Executive Summary 5 Introduction 8 State Capture Under Saleh 10 Origins of Saleh’s Patronage System 10 Main Beneficiaries of State Capture and Administrative Corruption 12 Maintaining -
Struggle for Citizenship.Indd
From the struggle for citizenship to the fragmentation of justice Yemen from 1990 to 2013 Erwin van Veen CRU Report From the struggle for citizenship to the fragmentation of justice FROM THE STRUGGLE FOR CITIZENSHIP TO THE FRAGMENTATION OF JUSTICE Yemen from 1990 to 2013 Erwin van Veen Conflict Research Unit, The Clingendael Institute February 2014 © Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. Clingendael Institute P.O. Box 93080 2509 AB The Hague The Netherlands Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.clingendael.nl/ Table of Contents Executive summary 7 Acknowledgements 11 Abbreviations 13 1 Introduction 14 2 Selective centralisation of the state: Commerce and security through networked rule 16 Enablers: Tribes, remittances, oil and civil war 17 Tools: Violence, business and religion 21 The year 2011 and the National Dialogue Conference 26 The state of justice in 1990 and 2013 28 3 Trend 1: The ‘instrumentalisation’ of state-based justice 31 Key strategies in the instrumentalisation of justice 33 Consequences of politicisation and instrumentalisation 34 4 Trend 2: The weakening of tribal customary law 38 Functions and characteristics of tribal law 40 Key factors that have weakened tribal law 42 Consequences of weakened tribal law 44 Points of connection -
Brasilia and Sao Paulo), 2 April - 5 April 2013
Committee on Foreign Affairs The Secretariat 8 May 2013 OFFICIAL VISIT OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO BRAZIL (Brasilia and Sao Paulo), 2 April - 5 April 2013 MISSION REPORT MAIN FINDINGS Strengthening dialogue with the Brazilian authorities should one of the priorities of the Committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET) in the context of the EU strategic partnership and the EU-Brazil joint action plan (2012-2014). There are currently more than 30 on-going dialogues under the EU-BR strategic partnership. A Civil Society Forum and a Business Forum take place every year, back to back with EU- BR Summitt. Yet, a true regular and structured dialogue between the EP and the Brazilian Congress is still missing. Visits of MEPs are numerous but still often ad-hoc and unbalanced with BR visits to Europe. A Parliamentary Forum that could meet before Summits could be a useful tool to structure this dialogue and to improve the EU-BR partnership. In reply to the interest shown by both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate to structure better their dialogue with the European Parliament, reflected also in the Brazil-EU Joint Action Plan for 2012-2014 the AFET delegation urged both houses to come up with a joint initiative and promised that it would be met favourable in the European Parliament. The meetings held with governmental representatives confirmed their commitment, announced at the CELAC Summit in January, to submit a negotiating offer on market access regarding the EU- Mercosul Agreement by the end of the year with due account taken of the electoral deadlines of some key players (Paraguay, Venezuela) and the impact of the last economic crisis (Argentina). -
Yemen's Solar Revolution: Developments, Challenges, Opportunities
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Ansari, Dawud; Kemfert, Claudia; al-Kuhlani, Hashem Research Report Yemen's solar revolution: Developments, challenges, opportunities DIW Berlin: Politikberatung kompakt, No. 142 Provided in Cooperation with: German Institute for Economic Research (DIW Berlin) Suggested Citation: Ansari, Dawud; Kemfert, Claudia; al-Kuhlani, Hashem (2019) : Yemen's solar revolution: Developments, challenges, opportunities, DIW Berlin: Politikberatung kompakt, No. 142, ISBN 978-3-946417-33-0, Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/206954 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under -
Assessing Brazil's Political Institutions
Comparative Political Studies Volume 39 Number 6 August 2006 759-786 © 2006 Sage Publications Compared to What? 10.1177/0010414006287895 http://cps.sagepub.com hosted at Assessing Brazil’s http://online.sagepub.com Political Institutions Leslie Elliott Armijo Portland State University, Oregon Philippe Faucher Magdalena Dembinska Université de Montréal, Canada A rich and plausible academic literature has delineated reasons to believe Brazil’s democratic political institutions—including electoral rules, the polit- ical party system, federalism, and the rules of legislative procedure—are suboptimal from the viewpoints of democratic representativeness and policy- making effectiveness. The authors concur that specific peculiarities of Brazilian political institutions likely complicate the process of solving societal collec- tive action dilemmas. Nonetheless, Brazil’s economic and social track record since redemocratization in the mid-1980s has been reasonably good in com- parative regional perspective. Perhaps Brazil’s informal political negotiating mechanisms, or even other less obvious institutional structures, provide suffi- cient countervailing influences to allow “governance” to proceed relatively smoothly despite the appearance of chaos and political dysfunction. Keywords: Brazil; democracy; political institutions; policy making, economic reform; developing countries any comparative political scientists and economists now emphasize Mthe incentives for “good governance” created by a country’s set of formal political rules. Though numerous scholars judge Brazil’s political institutions to be almost paradigmatically poorly designed, the country has adopted and implemented politically difficult economic reforms, suggest- ing an apparent puzzle. One’s view of Brazil also influences judgments Authors’ Note: We gratefully acknowledge the helpful comments of Vicente Palermo, Luiz Carlos Bresser Pereira, Javier Corrales, Peter Kingstone, Stephan Haggard, Adam Przeworski, James Caporaso, William C. -
Congressional Record-Senate. 251
1895. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 251 Warren E. Watson, to be postmaster at Mancelona, in the county ment of appropriation and expenditures, was referred to the Com of Antrim and State of Michigan. mittee on Interstate Commerce, and ordered to be printed. _ Adolph F. Greenbaum, to be postmaster at Waverly, in the ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. county of Pike and State of Ohio. A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. W. J. Edgar L. Cory, to be postmaster at Degraff, in the county of BROWNING, its Chief Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the Logan and State of Ohio. House had signed the following em·olled bill and joint resolution; Charles Edgar Brown, to be postmaster at Cincinnati, in the and they were thereupon signed by the Vice-President: county of Hamilton and State of Ohio. A bill (H. R. 803) to amend section 2601 of the Revised Statutes D. Lane Conover, to be postmaster at Atlantic Highlands, in relative to ports of entry; and the county of Monmouth and State of New.Jers~y. A joint resolution (H. Res. 26) to paytheofficers and employees Patrick Burns, to be postmaster at Raritan, m the county of of the Senate and House of Representatives their respective sal Somerset and State of New Jersey. aries for the month of December, 1895, on the 20th day of said John C. Hutchins, to be postmaster at Cleveland, in the county month. of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Joseph E. Haynes, to be postm.aster at Newark, in the county of Mr.