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Mauritius Deep Dive 2020 Mauritius - Threat Assessment - 2020 Page 1 of 33 Modern Slavery: The 2018 GSI Index: 47/51 Mauritius � African countries, with just 1,000 modern day slaves, and an incidence of under 1/1000 Section 1 - Executive Summary people and a “CCC” response. US Trafficking in Persons Tier 2 rating. Grey Lists: Mauritius is listed by FATF, & is proposed by the EU on their “Grey” list. Sanctions & Terrorism: There are no sanctions Mauritius is not listed by the US as a “Country against the country. Mauritius is a Tier 3 (lowest of Primary Concern” in respect of ML & FC. threat) PPI 2019 (Proliferation) Index Country with a “High” response score of 497/1,300. NRA: Mauritius has published its National Risk Mauritius has a “zero” impact (score 0/10) in Assessment in 2019. According to the NRA, Global Terrorism Index 2019. Mauritius is not the overall ML risk is Medium - High, based on included in US Country Reports on Terrorism. a threat level rated Medium - High and a ML vulnerability rating of Medium - High. The main Response & Resilience: FATF MER 4th round proceeds generating crimes were from drug results by ESAAMLG were 83/100 for technical trafficking, fraud, illegal bookmaking, high- compliance (40 Recommendations) & 12/100 value theft/robbery, tax crimes and corruption. for effectiveness (11 Outcomes). Mauritius The main threats externally affecting Mauritius scored 6.42/10 for resilience (High), ranked originated from fraud (including tax fraud) and 2/54 for Africa in the OC Index. proceeds from corruption. Indices: Mauritius scored 89/100 and was Organised Crime: According to the OC Index, rated “free” in the 2019 Freedom in the World Low Criminality - High Resilience. Criminality report and 74.9/100 for economic freedom 4.16/10, (ranked 41st lowest of 54 African (Heritage Foundation) described as “mostly countries. Main markets are illegal drugs free”. The Mo Ibrahim Index of African heroin (8/10) & synthetic drugs - (7/10), Governance (IIAG) scored Mauritius 1st in cannabis (5.5/10), wildlife crime (3.5/10) & Africa at 79.5/100. The Basel AML Index 2017 people smuggling (3.5/10). The main “Criminal ranked Mauritius with a score of 4.94/10. Actors” are “State Embedded Actors” (6/10), Overall Ratings: Mauritius is rated overall the “Criminal Networks” (5.5/10), “Foreign best rated Country in SSA and in Eastern Actors” (5/10) and “Mafia Style Groups” (2/10). Africa, with an overall score of 75/100, with Corruption: TI CPI - 2019 - ranked 56/180, 82/100 for Threats and 68/100 for Responses. with a score of 52/100, an improvement from 2018, where Mauritius was still ranked 56/176 FCN Rating:”Low” Risk 75/100 but with a score of 51/100. “Neutral Trend” Mauritius - Threat Assessment - 2020 Page 2 of 33 Section 2 - Country Dashboard Neutral Trend Mauritius ➡ Capital & Population: Port Louis /1.3 million President: Prime Minister Pravind Kumar Jugnauth (since 2017) GDP: US$14.7 billion (2017) (0.9% of SSA GDP) Economic Sector Breakdown: Agriculture (4%), Industry (22%), Services (74%) Exports: US$2.36 billion in clothing and textiles, sugar, cut flowers, molasses, fish, primates (for research) to France 16.7%, US 12.5%, UK 12%, South Africa 9%, Madagascar 6.7%, Italy 6.6%, Spain 5.2% (2017) Imports: US$5 billion in manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals from India 17.9%, China 15.7%, France 11.1%, Score: 75/100 “Low” FCN Risk Rating (Average Country Score is 43 - SSA) Proceeds / Laundering Rank: 1/40 SSA - 1/10 Region EA range 5.5% - 8.5% GDP / 70 - 76% of Proceeds Organised Crime Costs of Corruption range up to approx 24 - 26% of Proceeds range up to approx 1 - 3% of Proceeds (State Embedded 6/10, Criminal Networks 5.5/10, Foreign Actors 4/10 & Mafia Style 2/10) Mauritius Inherent Higher Risk Factors Total Criminal Proceeds in Sub Saharan Africa in US$ Billions - FCN Customer Sector Geography Risks Risks Risks 2020 (not including fraud and corruption and tax evasion) Customers with elevated Banks (in particular retail Major export / import exposures to: Criminal and corespondent banks). partner Countries (trade activities such as: illegal mispricing via IFF’s). drug trafficking (heroin, Trust & Company Service, synthetics, cocaine & Bureau de change, MSB’s Near Neighbour Mining Fishing cannabis) fraud, theft & Countries in particular 10 2.5 robbery, supported by Gambling Madagascar Wildlife corruption (eg PEPs & (All considered High Risk 2 Goods Piracy Public Officials) that assist under NRA) Afghanistan Pakistan, SE 9 with facilitating these Asia and Western Europe, crimes & also tax evasion Securities Sector, Second as source and destination Logging (High, Med High or Med Hand Motor Vehicle countries with East 12.5 in NRA) & Illegal fishing, Dealers (Med High Risk - African Countries as Modern Slavery Market Abuse, Human NRA) transit Countries (heroin) 8.3 Trafficking & Smuggling (Med Low in NRA) - Real Estate, Accountancy, Drugs Involving Higher Risk Lawyers, Jewellery (Med 3 Sectors and/or Risk - NRA) Theft Geography Risks 15 FCN SSA Country Risk Rating - “Very Low” Threats - Mauritius " 82 GTI GSI INCSR TI CPI US TIP Overall WEF OC US Terror GFI IFF’s IUUF Index OC Index US END Wildlife FCN SSA Country Risk Rating - “High” Response - Mauritius " 68 GSI PPI Gov Free Basel OCI NRA FATF 40 FATF 11 Overall Seizures US$ FATF/EU Lists Mauritius - Threat Assessment - 2020 Page 3 of 33 Section 3 - Country Information People & Geography: Mauritius is a small and communications technology, education, island nation in the Indian Ocean with a and hospitality and property development. multicultural population totalling almost 1.3 Mauritius exports clothing and textiles, sugar, million (end 2019). The country is classified as cut flowers, molasses & fish, primates and “Small Island Developing States” by the United imports manufactured goods, capital Nations and it is often dubbed as being the equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, ‘Gateway to Africa’ or ‘The Singapore of the chemicals2. African continent’, because of the role the country plays for eastern countries to invest Environment: According to the Environmental and thus penetrating the African continent and Performance Index3 Mauritius is ranked 90/180 also because Mauritius is among the most well countries, with a score of 56.63/100. governed and least corrupted country in the African region. The capital of Mauritius is Port Tourism: Travel & tourism contributes Louis and the city is the administrative, MUR63.1 billion in 2019, which represents economic, legislative and judicial nerve centre 12.5% of the GDP of Mauritius. The labour for the country. Of the 1.3million population, force for this sector is more than 56,700 in Mauritius counts some 28,800 of migrants for direct employment, which stands at 9.7% of 2019 and 188,300 emigrants1. the total workforce in the tourism industry. The significant markets for the tourism industry are Recent History & Leadership: Mauritius from France (21.8%), United Kingdom (10.2%), gained independence from the UK in 1968 Reunion Island (10%), Germany (9.3%), South and became a Republic in 1992. The MSM Africa (8.6%), India (5.5%) & China (3.1%)4. came into power in December 2014 with its leader, Sir Anerood Jugnauth as Prime Minister Finance: The Financial Services sector stepping down in 2017 to let his son Pravind represents 11.9% of the GDP of Mauritius and Kumar Jugnauth hold office as Prime Minister. the sector generated some 8,174 jobs, (end The country has witnessed substantial growth 2018) which amounts to 1.4% of the labour in its economy and its society as a whole and is force in Mauritius. Being an IFC of international considered as an upper middle-income repute, Mauritius has a well-regulated legal economy. and institutional framework. Mauritius has 21 banks, including 5 banks which are listed in the Economy & Trade: In 2019, the GDP was Africa’s Top 100 Banks 2019. In terms of USD14.70 billion, which represents 0.8% of the remittances, both inward and outwards, the SSA economy and 0.02% of the world country has recorded USD179 million (1.2% of economy. The government revenues amount the GDP) and USD643 million (4.5% of the to USD 3.08 billion. The GDP per capita in GDP) for the year 2018 according to the World 2018 was USD10,578.60, making Mauritius an Bank.5 Connectivity-wise, there is an internet upper middle-income country. Mauritius’ penetration rate of 68% & 1.91 million mobile economy is made up of agriculture (primary) connections for the year 2019. With regard to 4%, industry (secondary) 21.8%, services the banking system access, in 2017, 89% of the (Tertiary) 74.2% and these sectors encompass population over 15 years of age hold bank the sugar, tourism, textiles and apparel accounts and 24% of the population over 15 industries, and financial services, information years of age have a credit card. Mauritius - Threat Assessment - 2020 Page 4 of 33 Section 4 - Country Ratings Source Mauritius � Source Mauritius � Source Mauritius � World Economic Forum 74.5 / 100 Transparency International (TI) 52 / 100 Proliferation Index - PPI Tier 3 Organised Crime Index Corruption Perceptions Index (56/180) Threat Lowest Threat Level OC Index 4.16/10 TI + Afrobarometer 5% Proliferation Index - PPI 497 / 1300 Criminaility Citizens Views and Experiences of Corruption Overall Bribery Rate Controls Controls score Report OC Index 4.38/10 TRACE 43 Global Terrorism Index 0/10 Criminal Actors Bribery Risk Matrix (59/200) GTI - Impact “No” Impact OC Index 6/10 Global Slavery Index 1/1,000 US Dept of State Not Included
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