DOCSLIB.ORG

Tenth Biennial Report of the State Depart

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

STATE OF OREGON DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL INDUSTRIES I 069 State Office Building Portland I, Oregon BULLETIN No. 47 TENTH BIENNIAL REPORT of the State Department of Geology and Mineral Industries of the STATE OF OREGON July I, 1954, to July I, 1956 To His Excellency the Governor and the Forty-ninth Legislative Assembly ' . •. 1956 STATE GOVERNING BOARD MASON L. BINGHAM, CHAIRMAN • • • PORTLAND NIEL R. ALLEN • • • • • • • GRANTS PASS AUSTIN DUNN • • • • • • BAKER HOLLIS M. DOLE DIRECTOR TENTH BIENNIAL REPORT STATE of OREGON DEPARTMENT of GEOLOGY and MINERAl INDUSTRIES 1954-1956 CONTENTS Letter of Transmittal The Governing Board 2 The Department 3 Department Activities . 4 Services • 4 Office 4 Field . 5 Laboratory 5 Miscellaneous 7 Research • . • • 8 Oil and Gas Administration 10 Cooperative Work • • •• 12 Pub I ications and PubI ications in Progress 14 Personnel • . • • • 20 Financial Statement 21 Appropriations 21 Comparative Statements of Expenditures according to Bienniums . • • • • . • • • 22 Geology and Mineral Industries Account 24 Oregon's Mineral I ndustry . 25 Industrial Minerals • 25 Processing Plants 30 Metals •••..• 30 Electro-Process PI ants 34 Oil and Gas Exploration 34 Status of Topographic and Geologic Maps in Oregon 38 Maps Field Examinations • • . • . 6 Field Studies . • . • . 9 New and Proposed Mineral Industry Developments . • Opposite page 26 Sedimentary Basins in Oregon II II 34 Topographic Maps of Oregon . II II 38 Published Geological Maps 41 Published Geological Maps 43 MASON 1.. BINGHAM. CHAIRMAN, �OIITLAND 1038 PUI:aT STR&IIT NIEL R. ALLEN, GII:AttTS �As• AUSTIN DUNN. BAK•II GRANTS II'ASS STATE OF OREGON DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND MINERA L INDUSTRIES 10811 STATE OFFICE BUILDING POR TLA ND 1 To His Excellency The Governor of the State of Oregon and ta The Forty-ninth Legislative Assembly of the State of Oregon Sirs: We submit herewith the Tenth Biennial Report of the Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, covering activities of the Department for the period from July 1, 1954, to and including June 30, 1956. Respectfully 1 �.-d��Mason L. Binghcm, Cha"firm;:::.._an- Portland, Oregon December 3, 1956 THE GOVERNING BOARD ' The Department of Geology and Miner al Industr ie s is administere d by a Governing Board of three member s. The st atute creat ing the De partment and estab lishing the Board st ate s that the me mber s shall be Oregon cit ize ns, sha.ll be appointe d for terms of four ye ars by the Gover nor su bject to approval by the State Se nate or the Se nate Mining Board Inter im Committee, and shall ser ve without compensat ion but be re imbursed for actual expe nses incurre d in the per formance of offic ial duties . Board meet ings must be he ld at least four times a ye ar. Meet ings during the biennium were he ld as foll ows: 1. Port land, August 21, 1954 2. Gr ants Pass, Se pte mber 18, 1954 RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE BOARD 3. Portl and, December 11, 1954 ( C h apt e r 516 ORS) Have general charge and control of the Department. 4. Grants Pass, Mar ch 7, 1955 Have possess i on , charge, and control of all publica­ 5. Salem, April 11, 1955 . lions, equipment 1 and property of the Deportment. Select Director of the Department. 6. Portland, June 6, 1955 Couse to be published reports of Investigations and surveys. 7. Portland, July 9, 1955 Cause to be published a biennial report of Deportment 8. Baker, Se ptember 25, 1955 activities. Administer and enforce Oil and Natural Gas Con­ 9. Port land, De ce mber 12, 13, 14, 1955 servation law (Chapter 520 ORS). 10. Port l and, March 16, 19, 1956 May make contracts wHh Federal and Stale agencies. May receive gifts and legacies and make use oHhem. 11. Port land, June 30, 1956 Chairman of the Board is chosen by the members, and the Dire ct or of the De partme nt, who is se lecte d by the Board, serves as Se cret ary . Members of the Board and Gover nors appointing them since the be ginning of the De partme nt in 1937 are as follows: Member Ter m Governors appointing W. H. Strayer 1937-1946 Martin, Sprague , Snell Albert Burch 1937-1943 Martin, Sprague E. B. MacNaughton 1937-1 943 Mart in, Sprag ue 1946-1949 Snell S. H. Williston 1943-1947 Snel l Niel R. Allen* 1943-1960 Snell, Hall, McKay, Smith H. E. Hendry x 1947-1953 Snell, Mc Kay Mc Kay, Patter son Mason L. Bingham* 1949-1957 Austin Duim * 1953-1959 Patterson * Present members of Board. -2- THE DEPARTMENT The Department of Geology and Mineral Industries was established by the thirty­ ninth Legislativ'e Assembly with the Honorable Charles H. Martin as Governor. By July 1, 1937, a staff had been organized and operations were begun. Previous to this the State was without a separate mining or geology department except for the period 1911 to 1923 when a Bureau of Mines was operated in conjunction with the mining school at the State College. DUTIES OF THE DEPARTMENT A head office of the Deport­ (Chapte r 516, ORS) ment is maintained at Portland and Conduct geological and mineral resource studies. field offices are at Baker and Grants Pass. The assaying, chemical, and Carry aut ecanamic studies pertaining ta utilization spectrographic laboratories and the af mineral raw materials. accounting functions ore centralized Cooperate with Federal and other agencies in in the Portland office. Total staff, studies of value ta the State. in addition to the Director 1 consists of eleven technical employees, four Serve as a bureau of mineral and geological informa­ tion, compile and keep up-ta-date a mines catalog, full-time and two part-time clerical prepare ond publish reports of investigations, mineral employees, and three port-time student statistics, etc. workers. This compares with a full­ Conduct a State geological survey. time staff of six technical employees and three clerical employees in Collect specimens and develop a museum of mineral 1937; and ten technical employees, three and geological specimens, maps, and other objects representative af mineral industry' activities. full-time and three part-time clerical employees, and two part-time student Collect a mining ond geological library. workers in 1946. Make qualitative mineral determinations. The past biennium has shown a Study minerals ond ores as well as processes for marked increase in demands for Depart­ improved ore treatment. ment servic�s. This is due to several Make quantitative determinations of ores ond minerals. causes, the most important of which are: the intense search for uranium and other Make spectrographic analyses. metals I ittle known or understood a few Administer act regulating drilling, prospecting for, years ago but now vital to defense and ptaductian, and conservation of natural gas and industry; the accelerate search for oil oil (Chapter 520 ORS). d and gas within the State; the migration of industrial mineral suppliers to areas closer to their expanding markets as the result of population increases; and the newly awak­ ened interest of the layman in his surroundings. It is expected that these factors will continue t,o exert ever-increasing pressures on the Department in the coming years. If oil or gas is found the State in commercial quantities, it is quite likely a sizable increase in the Depart­ in ment will become necessary in order to adequately administer Oregon's oil and gas conservation law. -3- DEPARTMENT ACTIVITIES . Department activities are described on the following pages under Services, Research, · Oil and Gas Administration, Cooperative Work, and Publications.' Although these headings outline the work of the Department, it shoul d be noted that separate divisions charged with these activities do not exist. Personnel of the Department must be expert in several or all of these technical activities. SERVICES A major responsibi l ity af the Department is to provide information on the mineral potential and mineral industry of the State as well as to answer inquiries concern ing a wide range of subjects relating to mineral occurrences and the geology of Oregon and other states. Although the largest number of inquiries comes from residents of the State, many are received from peopl e living outside the Stat�. Requests for information range from the school child carrying out a class project to an in­ dustrial organization pl.anning to establish in the Northwest. More identifications and more are other State agencies, Letters sent Mineral - Visitors - as well as County and City, relying on the Department for basic information concerning building sites, land evalu­ 25 PORTLAND ation, l andslide problems, and economic 14 OFFICE SERVICES planning. Research organizations re;,., tained for special studies find the Department an excellent source of 23 12 information. Federal Government departments and bureaus frequently make use of the Department's services. 2 1 !!! 1.0 ·!' OFFICE SERVICES -lS � !i ·S !!! f 1 The offices af the Department _g... ;; are a clearing house for information on C) � 1 9 ..'f 8 mining, mineralogy, the mineral in­ dustry, and geology of the State. During i' the past two years the most frequent in­ quiries have dealt with uranium, mercury, 17 6 and chromite prospecting, oil and gas investigations, and industrial mineral sources. The usual requests for informa­ tion on mining regulations relating to 15 4 · location and assessment work were aug­ BIENNIUMS mented by inquiries on changes in the basic federal mining laws and areas withdrawn from mineral entry . Many 1948- 1950- 1952- 1954- questions were asked concerning 1950 1952 1954 1956 specific mines, minera l localities in the State, and publications. -4- Requests are received through all usual fonns of office communication.
Recommended publications
  • Chetco Bar BAER Specialist Reports

    Chetco Bar BAER Specialist Reports

    Chetco Bar BAER Specialist Reports Burned Area Emergency Response Soil Resource Assessment Chetco Bar Fire OR-RSF-000326 Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest October 2017 Lizeth Ochoa – BAER Team Soil Scientist USFS, Rogue River-Siskiyou NF [email protected] Kit MacDonald – BAER Team Soil Scientist USFS, Coconino and Kaibab National Forests [email protected] 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Chetco Bar fire occurred on 191,197 acres on the Gold Beach and Wild Rivers Ranger District of the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest, BLM lands, and other ownerships in southwestern Oregon. Approximately 170,321 acres of National Forest System (NFS) land, 6,746 acres of BLM land and 14,130 acres of private land were affected by this wildfire. Within the fire perimeter, approximately 14,012 acres burned at high soil burn severity, 64,545 acres burned at moderate soil burn severity, 76,613 acres burned at low soil burn severity, and 36,027 remain unburned. On NFS-managed lands, 10,684 acres burned at high soil burn severity, 58,784 acres burned at moderate soil burn severity, 70,201 acres burned at low soil burn severity and 30,642 acres remain unburned or burned at very low soil burn severity (Figure 1). The Chetco Bar fire burned area is characterized as steep, rugged terrain, with highly dissected slopes and narrow drainages. Dominant surficial geology is metamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rocks, peridotite and other igneous rocks. Peridotite has been transformed into serpentine through a process known as serpentinization. This transformation is the result of hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic (high iron and magnesium) rocks.
  • Oregon and Manifest Destiny Americans Began to Settle All Over the Oregon Country in the 1830S

    Oregon and Manifest Destiny Americans Began to Settle All Over the Oregon Country in the 1830S

    NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ CLASS ____________ Manifest Destiny Lesson 1 The Oregon Country ESSENTIAL QUESTION Terms to Know joint occupation people from two countries living How does geography influence the way in the same region people live? mountain man person who lived in the Rocky Mountains and made his living by trapping animals GUIDING QUESTIONS for their fur 1. Why did Americans want to control the emigrants people who leave their country Oregon Country? prairie schooner cloth-covered wagon that was 2. What is Manifest Destiny? used by pioneers to travel West in the mid-1800s Manifest Destiny the idea that the United States was meant to spread freedom from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean Where in the world? 54°40'N Alaska Claimed by U.S. and Mexico (Russia) Oregon Trail BRITISH OREGON 49°N TERRITORY Bo undary (1846) COUNTRY N E W S UNITED STATES MEXICO PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN When did it happen? DOPA (Discovering our Past - American History) RESG Chapter1815 13 1825 1835 1845 1855 Map Title: Oregon Country, 1846 File Name: C12-05A-NGS-877712_A.ai Map Size: 39p6 x 26p0 Date/Proof: March 22, 2011 - 3rd Proof 2016 Font Conversions: February 26, 2015 1819 Adams- 1846 U.S. and Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission is granted to reproduce for classroom use. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission 1824 Russia 1836 Whitmans Onís Treaty gives up claim to arrive in Oregon Britain agree to Oregon 49˚N as border 1840s Americans of Oregon begin the “great migration” to Oregon 165 NAME _____________________________________________ DATE __________________ CLASS ____________ Manifest Destiny Lesson 1 The Oregon Country, Continued Rivalry in the Northwest The Oregon Country covered much more land than today’s state Mark of Oregon.
  • Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project Heritage Resources Specialist Report

    Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project Heritage Resources Specialist Report

    Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project Heritage Resources Specialist Report Prepared By: Reed McDonald Snake River Area Office Archaeologist Bureau of Reclamation June 20, 2019 Heritage Resources Introduction This section discusses the existing conditions and effects of implementation of the Longley Meadows project on cultural resources, also known as heritage resources, which are integral facets of the human environment. The term “cultural resources” encompasses a variety of resource types, including archaeological, historic, ethnographic and traditional sites or places. These sites or places are non- renewable vestiges of our Nation’s heritage, highly valued by Tribes and the public as irreplaceable, many of which are worthy of protection and preservation. Related cultural resource reports and analyses can be found in the Longley Meadows Analysis File. Affected Environment Pre-Contact History The Longley Meadows area of potential effect (APE) for cultural resources lies within the Plateau culture area, which extends from the Cascades to the Rockies, and from the Columbia River into southern Canada (Ames et al. 1998). Most of the archaeological work in the Columbia Plateau has been conducted along the Columbia and Snake Rivers. This section discusses the broad culture history in the Southern Plateau. Much variability exists in the Plateau culture area due to the mountainous terrain and various climatic zones within it. Plateau peoples adapted to these differing ecoregions largely by practicing transhumance, whereby groups followed
  • Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project

    Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project

    United States Department of Agriculture Bonneville Power Administration Forest Service Department of Energy Longley Meadows Fish Habitat Enhancement Project Environmental Assessment La Grande Ranger District, Wallowa-Whitman National Forest, Union County, Oregon October 2019 For More Information Contact: Bill Gamble, District Ranger La Grande Ranger District 3502 Highway 30 La Grande, OR 97850 Phone: 541-962-8582 Fax: 541-962-8580 Email: [email protected] In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form.
  • Home Power #18 • August/September 1990 Home Power

    Home Power #18 • August/September 1990 Home Power

    Support HP Advertisers! REAL GOODS AD FULL PAGE 2 Home Power #18 • August/September 1990 Home Power THE HANDS-ON JOURNAL OF HOME-MADE POWER People Contents Albert Bates From Us to You- Oregon Country Fair - 4 Sam Coleman Lane S. Garrett Solar Vehicles– 1990 American Tour de Sol – 7 Chris Greacen Electric Vehicles– The Shocking Truth – 11 Nancy Hazard Scott Hening PVs– The State of the PV Industry – 15 Kathleen Jarschke-Schultze Systems– Alternative Power on a Crusing Sailboat – 16 Stan Krute William Oldfield Systems– Remote Area Power Systems in New Zealand – 21 David MacKay Code Corner– The Shocking Story of Grounding – 26 Karen Perez Richard Perez Things that Work! – The Select-A-Tenna – 28 John Pryor Bob-O Schultze Wiring– Specing PV Wiring – 31 Ann Schuyler HP Subscription Form – 33 Wally Skyrman Gary Starr Basic Electric– How to Solder – 35 Toby Talbot Happenings – Renewable Energy Events - 39 Michael Traugot Larisa Walk Energy Fairs– Updates and Reports – 40 John Wiles System Shorties– Quickies from HP Readers – 44 Issue Printing by Valley Web, Medford, OR Homebrew – Shunt Regulator & Q-H Lamp Conversion – 46 Books– Essential and Entertaining RE Reading – 49 Legal While Home Power Magazine strives INDEX– Index to HP#12 through HP#17 – 50 for clarity and accuracy, we assume no responsibility or liability for the usage of Glossary– Definitions of Home Power Terms – 52 this information. the Wizard Speaks & Writing for HP - 56 Copyright © 1990 by Home Power Magazine, POB 130, Hornbrook, CA Letters to Home Power – 57 96044-0130. All rights reserved. Contents may not Home Power's Business - 63 be reprinted or otherwise reproduced without written permission .
  • Reference Atlas ...A1

    Reference Atlas ...A1

    REFERENCE ATLAS United States: Political A2 United States: Physical A4 United States: Territorial Growth A6 Middle America: Physical/Political A8 Canada: Physical/Political A10 Middle East: Physical/Political A12 World: Political A14 Europe: Political A16 United States: 2000 Congressional Reapportionment A18 ATLAS KEY T Ice cap u E n v d r e a r g r M e e i x n M e f d o o r u f e o s t n r t e G s a t i r Oceans n a s s s l Seas a n d Desert SYMBOL KEY Canal Depression Below sea level Lava Claimed boundary Elevation Dry salt lake Sand International boundary National capital Lake Swamp Towns Rivers Reference Atlas A1 12345678 ° RUSSIA ° 70 ° ° ° 50 60180 170 W °N 160 W 150 W 140 W ° ° t N N rai A St Point Barrow Arctic ing St. Lawrence er 170°E Island B Ocean Seward B r Peninsula o Norton o k Sound s R Beaufort a on n A Yuk ge Sea l Nunivak e 40 u Island ° t N B i a ALASKA n Fairbanks I s l a A l a s k a R a n d n g s Bristol e Bay Ala Anchorage ska Peninsula Kodiak I. C Gulf of Alaska 180° P A Juneau A r c l e h a x i p a n e l d a e g r D o c i C E ° 170 W f 30 °N Tacoma Seattle i Olympia e Spokane g WASH.
  • National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

    National Register of Historic Places Continuation Sheet

    RECEIVED 2280 NFS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) Oregon WordPerfect 6.0 Format (Revised July 1998) National Register of Historic Places iC PLACES Registration Form • NATIONAL : A SERVICE This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations of eligibility for individual properties or districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking Y in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A"for "not applicable. For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NFS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name The La Grande Commercial Historic District other names/site number N/A 2. Location street & number Roughly bounded by the U.P Railroad tracts along Jefferson St, on __not for publication the north; Greenwood and Cove streets on the east; Washington St. on __ vicinity the south; & Fourth St. on the west. city or town La Grande state Oregon code OR county Union code 61 zip code 97850 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this ^nomination request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60.
  • Westward Movement & Settling Oregon Country

    Westward Movement & Settling Oregon Country

    I. WHY DID AMERICANS MOVE WEST? A. Many people looked west of the Appalachian Mountains for land to settle B. The population in early 1800’s America was starting to grow. C. This made land more expensive as there was less of it to buy. II. NORTHWEST ORDINANCE A. The Northwest Ordinance was agreed upon in 1784 and was divided up so that individuals could buy the land. B. This was a much needed source of revenue for the U.S. gov’t, as there were still many debts to pay. C. Louisiana Purchase made even more land available for westward expansion. III. HEADING INTO THE WEST A. Some of the territories were gained through war 1. Florida was gained when General Andrew Jackson invaded and Spain surrendered. 2. Oregon was gained in a settlement to avoid a war. B. To settle all these new lands, settlers would follow the rivers. 1. Rivers offered the easiest mode of transportation. 2. Settlers would load their animals and wagons onto flatboats. IV. THE AMERICAN SYSTEM A. Henry Clay promoted his “American System” as an economic system that would benefit agriculture, merchants, and industry. 1. Tariffs would be raised to protect industry. 2. The National Bank would make loans to promote business growth. 3. The tariffs and the sale of public lands would provide funds for the building of roads, canals, and other improvements. V. TECHNOLOGY SPEEDS TRANSPORTATION A. The advent of the steamboat made going upstream easier and made shipping much cheaper. B. The Erie Canal connected the Great Lakes to the Mohawk and Hudson rivers.
  • The Montreal Natural History Society's Survey of Rupert's Land, 1827

    The Montreal Natural History Society's Survey of Rupert's Land, 1827

    An Extensive and Unknown Portion of the Empire: The Montreal Natural History Society’s Survey of Rupert’s Land, 1827-1830 Geoffrey Robert Little A Thesis in The Department of History Presented in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts (History) at Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada September 2015 © Geoffrey Robert Little, 2015 CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY School of Graduate Studies This is to certify that the thesis prepared By: Geoffrey Robert Little Entitled: An Extensive and Unknown Portion of the Empire: The Montreal Natural History Society’s Survey of Rupert’s Land, 1827-1830 and submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (History) complies with the regulations of the University and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Signed by the final Examining Committee: ____________________ Chair Dr. Andrew Ivaska ____________________ Examiner Dr. Elsbeth Heaman ____________________ Examiner Dr. Ted McCormick ____________________ Supervisor Dr. Gavin Taylor Approved by ____________________________________________ Chair of Department or Graduate Program Director __________2015 _____________________________ Dean of Faculty ABSTRACT An Extensive and Unknown Portion of the Empire: The Montreal Natural History Society’s Survey of Rupert’s Land, 1827-1830 Geoffrey Robert Little Shortly after it was founded in May 1827, the Montreal Natural History Society constituted an Indian Committee to study the “the native inhabitants...and the Natural History of the Interior, and its fitness for the purposes of commerce and agriculture.” The Interior was Rupert’s Land, the territory to the west and the north of Montreal governed by the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC).
  • Oregon Treaty (1846) Name

    Oregon Treaty (1846) Name

    Oregon Treaty (1846) Name: The Coast-to-Coast Decade From the earliest days, some Americans dreamed that one day the United States would stretch across North America from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. In the 1840s, that dream finally came true—starting with “Oregon Country.” This northwest section of the continent was a beautiful and valuable resource, covered by forests and laced with waterways and coastlines. There was money to be made in fishing and shipping, harvesting timber and fur animals, and mining for gold. It was no surprise that the United States wasn’t the only country with a claim to the land. War With Great Britain… Again?? Yep, it was another dispute with America’s former mother country. Back then, Great Britain controlled the territory we know today as Canada. Oregon Country stretched from the border between modern-day Oregon and California all the way up into British territory. Both Britain and America wanted this land, and they’d been arguing over it for a while. But the 1840s was a time when Americans got a passion for expanding. James Polk shared that passion—and he won the 1844 presidential election promising to add Oregon to the United States. He let the British believe America would go to war to control all of Oregon Country. What a Clever Guy President Polk was bluffing. By that time, the U.S. and Britain had already agreed that America’s northern border would run along the 49th parallel. (That’s where it is today.) The only section left undecided was the part that ran through Oregon Country.
  • NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE. WASHINGTON a Lieutenant in the Royal British Army

    NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE. WASHINGTON a Lieutenant in the Royal British Army

    NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE. WASHINGTON a lieutenant in the Royal British Army. drew this sk.tch of Fort Vancouver from the southwest in Fort Vllncouver . for two deelldes this stock- FUR-TRADECAPITAL FORTAND VILLAGE IIded fur-trllding post-helldqullrters IInd depot Chief Factor John McLoughlin, a British subjeof' At the height of its prosperity-from about 1844 of the Hudson'sSIIYCompllny west of the Rocky who had learned the fur trade in eastern Canada to 1846-Fort Vancouver was an extensive estab- Mountllins-wlls the economic, politiclIl, societ, commanded Fort Vancouver between 1824 and lishment. The fort proper measured about 732 IInd culturlll hub of the Pllcific Northwest. 1846. Under his energetic leadership. the Hud- feet by 325 feat. It was surrounded by a stockade The fur resources of the Pacific Northwest were son's Bay Companywon a virtual monopoly of the of upright logs. with a bastion at the northwest ~et''''' by 8i'fti n seame...who visited th.- fin' tradeln Oregon country. The firm's Columbia corner mountlnglntvanor eight ~pound8r cannon. northwest coast and obtained valuable furs in Department was expanded until it stretched These defenses were never tested, since the trade with the Indians about the time of the from the Rockies to the Pacific, from Russian nearby Indians were not hostile and the American American Revolution. Soon traders from Canada. Alaska to Mexican California. with outposts on settlers never acted upon occasional threats the United States. and several Europeancountries San Francisco Bay and in Hawaii. uttered during the period of tension before and were competing on land and sea for the riches after the boundary treaty of 1846.
  • AN ABSTRACT of the THESIS of Jennifer E. Jameson for the Degree

    AN ABSTRACT of the THESIS of Jennifer E. Jameson for the Degree

    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Jennifer E. Jameson for the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies in Anthropology , Design and Human Environment , and Anthropology presented on December 5, 2007 . Title: Iroquois of the Pacific Northwest Fur Trade: Their Archaeology and History Abstract approved: ___________________________ David R. Brauner During the early 19 th Century, the fur trade brought many Iroquois to the Pacific Northwest as working primarily as voyageurs for the North West Company. When the North West Company merged with the Hudson’s Bay Company, the Iroquois employees merged as well. After retirement, some settled in the Willamette Valley and surrounding areas. These Iroquois have been an underrepresented group in the Pacific Northwest history. When archaeological investigations are completed, the Iroquois are overlooked as possible occupants. The purpose of this research is to reconstruct the history of the Iroquois and to create an archaeological description of what their material culture might look like in the Pacific Northwest. Theories involving ethnicity in archaeology, along with documentary evidence and archaeological data, were used to complete body of knowledge that brings the Pacific Northwest Iroquois story to light, and create a catalog of the ethnic markers for archaeologists to look for. ©Copyright by Jennifer E. Jameson December 5, 2007 All Rights Reserved Iroquois of the Pacific Northwest Fur Trade: Their Archaeology and History by Jennifer E. Jameson A THESIS submitted to Oregon State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies Presented December 5, 2007 Commencement June 2008 Master of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies thesis of Jennifer E.