The F Ederalism in Belgium ( 1) As a Constitutional Problem
The F ederalism in Belgium ( 1) as a constitutional problem by Rigo DE NOLF, Licentiate in politica! and social sciences, Louvain University, Belgium Graduate assistant, Politica! Science Department, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, U.S.A. * INTRODUCTION THE PRESENT SITUATION IN BELGIUM Belgium, one of the smallest countries of Western Europe, is, after the Netherlands, the most densely populated country in the world. Of its nine million inhabitants there are five million Flemings in the northern half, Flanders. The language spoken by the Flemings is Dutch and so they belong to the Dutch social community, which comprises eighteen million people ( the Netherlands, Dutch-speaking Belgium and a section of Northern France). In the southern half of Belgium three million Walloons live. The language of Wallonia is French, which places tbem in the large French social community. In the northern part ( Flan ders), Brussels, the capita! of Belgium, is situated. Brussels has one million inhabitants, some of which are Dutch speaking and the greater part French speaking. The linguistic and social boundary through Belgium is not an inven tion of these times. It has developed historically ever since the migration of the nations more than a thousand years ago. What is specific about the Belgian situation is, that two communities of people with their own pasts and characters belonging to two different social communities, constitute one and the same state since 1830. How this strongly centralized state has evolved undemocratically for more than a century and how both communities of people are looking (1) End of October 1968, the author will publish a book with the same title, in Dutch at the Nederlandse Boekhandel, Sint-Jacobsmarkt 7, Antwerp, Belgium (530 pp., 3 maps, 3 unfoldable outlines and 16 fotographs ).
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