The Latin Language Латинский Язык
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Morfofunctional Structure of the Skull
N.L. Svintsytska V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 Ministry of Public Health of Ukraine Public Institution «Central Methodological Office for Higher Medical Education of MPH of Ukraine» Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukranian Medical Stomatological Academy» N.L. Svintsytska, V.H. Hryn Morfofunctional structure of the skull Study guide Poltava 2016 2 LBC 28.706 UDC 611.714/716 S 24 «Recommended by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine as textbook for English- speaking students of higher educational institutions of the MPH of Ukraine» (minutes of the meeting of the Commission for the organization of training and methodical literature for the persons enrolled in higher medical (pharmaceutical) educational establishments of postgraduate education MPH of Ukraine, from 02.06.2016 №2). Letter of the MPH of Ukraine of 11.07.2016 № 08.01-30/17321 Composed by: N.L. Svintsytska, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor V.H. Hryn, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy», PhD in Medicine, Associate Professor This textbook is intended for undergraduate, postgraduate students and continuing education of health care professionals in a variety of clinical disciplines (medicine, pediatrics, dentistry) as it includes the basic concepts of human anatomy of the skull in adults and newborns. Rewiewed by: O.M. Slobodian, Head of the Department of Anatomy, Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery of Higher State Educational Establishment of Ukraine «Bukovinian State Medical University», Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor M.V. -
Non-Pathological Opacification of the Cavernous Sinus on Brain CT
healthcare Article Non-Pathological Opacification of the Cavernous Sinus on Brain CT Angiography: Comparison with Flow-Related Signal Intensity on Time-of-Flight MR Angiography Sun Ah Heo 1, Eun Soo Kim 1,* , Yul Lee 1, Sang Min Lee 1, Kwanseop Lee 1 , Dae Young Yoon 2, Young-Su Ju 3 and Mi Jung Kwon 4 1 Department of Radiology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 14068, Korea; [email protected] (S.A.H.); [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (S.M.L.); [email protected] (K.L.) 2 Department of Radiology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 14068, Korea; [email protected] 3 National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Korea; [email protected] 4 Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul 14068, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the non-pathological opacification of the cavernous sinus (CS) on brain computed tomography angiography (CTA) and compare it with flow-related signal intensity (FRSI) on time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA). Methods: Opacification of the CS was observed in 355 participants who underwent CTA and an additional 77 participants who underwent examination with three diagnostic modalities: CTA, TOF-MRA, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Opacification of the CS, superior petrosal sinus (SPS), inferior petrosal sinus Citation: Heo, S.A.; Kim, E.S.; Lee, Y.; Lee, S.M.; Lee, K.; Yoon, D.Y.; Ju, Y.-S.; (IPS), and pterygoid plexus (PP) were also analyzed using a five-point scale. -
CT of Perineural Tumor Extension: Pterygopalatine Fossa
731 CT of Perineural Tumor Extension: Pterygopalatine Fossa Hugh D. Curtin1.2 Tumors of the oral cavity and paranasal sinuses can spread along nerves to areas Richard Williams 1 apparently removed from the primary tumor. In tumors of the palate, sinuses, and face, Jonas Johnson3 this "perineural" spread usually involves the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve. The pterygopalatine fossa is a pathway of the maxillary nerve and becomes a key landmark in the detection of neural metastasis by computed tomogaphy (CT). Oblitera tion of the fat in the fossa suggests pathology. Case material illustrating neural extension is presented and the CT findings are described. Perineural extension is possibly the most insidious form of tumor spread of head and neck malignancy. After invading a nerve, tumor follows the sheath to reach the deeper connections of the nerve, escaping the area of a planned resection. Thus, detection of this form of extension is important in treatment planning and estimation of prognosis. The pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) is a key crossroad in extension along cranial nerve V. The second branch of the trigeminal nerve passes from the gasserian ganglion through the foramen rotundum into the PPF. Here the nerve branches send communications to the palate, sinus, nasal cavity, and face. Tumor can follow any of these routes proximally into the PPF and eventually to the gasserian ganglion in the middle cranial fossa. The PPF contains enough fat to be an ideal subject for computed tomographic (CT) evaluation. Obliteration of this fat is an important indicator of pathology, including perineural tumor spread. Other signs of perineural extension include enlargement of foramina, increased enhancement in the region of Meckel cave (gasserian ganglion), and atrophy of the muscles innervated by the trigeminal nerve. -
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and Main Principals Of
Yagenich L.V., Kirillova I.I., Siritsa Ye.A. Latin and main principals of anatomical, pharmaceutical and clinical terminology (Student's book) Simferopol, 2017 Contents No. Topics Page 1. UNIT I. Latin language history. Phonetics. Alphabet. Vowels and consonants classification. Diphthongs. Digraphs. Letter combinations. 4-13 Syllable shortness and longitude. Stress rules. 2. UNIT II. Grammatical noun categories, declension characteristics, noun 14-25 dictionary forms, determination of the noun stems, nominative and genitive cases and their significance in terms formation. I-st noun declension. 3. UNIT III. Adjectives and its grammatical categories. Classes of adjectives. Adjective entries in dictionaries. Adjectives of the I-st group. Gender 26-36 endings, stem-determining. 4. UNIT IV. Adjectives of the 2-nd group. Morphological characteristics of two- and multi-word anatomical terms. Syntax of two- and multi-word 37-49 anatomical terms. Nouns of the 2nd declension 5. UNIT V. General characteristic of the nouns of the 3rd declension. Parisyllabic and imparisyllabic nouns. Types of stems of the nouns of the 50-58 3rd declension and their peculiarities. 3rd declension nouns in combination with agreed and non-agreed attributes 6. UNIT VI. Peculiarities of 3rd declension nouns of masculine, feminine and neuter genders. Muscle names referring to their functions. Exceptions to the 59-71 gender rule of 3rd declension nouns for all three genders 7. UNIT VII. 1st, 2nd and 3rd declension nouns in combination with II class adjectives. Present Participle and its declension. Anatomical terms 72-81 consisting of nouns and participles 8. UNIT VIII. Nouns of the 4th and 5th declensions and their combination with 82-89 adjectives 9. -
Hard Palate, Intermaxillary Sulcus, Greater Palatine Foramen, Lesser Palatine Foramen
Basic Sciences of Medicine 2020, 9(3): 44-45 DOI: 10.5923/j.medicine.20200903.02 Twin Foramina in Posterior Third of an Adult Hard Palate and Their Significance Rajani Singh Department of Anatomy, UP University of Medical Sciences, Saifai Etawah, India Abstract Hard palate is formed by union of maxillary process of palatine bone and horizontal plate of palatine bone during development of foetus in 12th week. Three types of foramina, greater palatine allowing greater palatine nerves and vessels, lesser palatine and incisive foramina allowing passage of lesser palatine and nasopalatine nerves respectively are normally present in hard palate. The purpose of study is to report two novel foramina in hard palate and to bring out associated clinical significance. The author observed two new foramina one on either side of intermaxillary sulcus at the junction of anterior 2/3rd and posterior 1/3rd of hard palate during scanning of base of skulls for any abnormality in the Department of Anatomy of my native institute. The diameters of the right sided foramen was 6 mm while that of on left sided was 5 mm. The distance of foramen from midline on the right side was 3 mm while that of on left side was 2 mm. The distance of foramen on the right side from the centre of inferior border of hard palate was 13 mm while that of left side was 10 mm. The hard palate separates nasal cavity and oral cavity and essential for speech, feeding and respiration. The anomalous foramina observed may create problems during speech, feeding and respiration. -
Hemodynamic Features in Normal and Cavernous Sinus Dural ORIGINAL RESEARCH Arteriovenous Fistulas
Published September 6, 2012 as 10.3174/ajnr.A3252 Superior Petrosal Sinus: Hemodynamic Features in Normal and Cavernous Sinus Dural ORIGINAL RESEARCH Arteriovenous Fistulas R. Shimada BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Normal hemodynamic features of the superior petrosal sinus and their H. Kiyosue relationships to the SPS drainage from cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas are not well known. We investigated normal hemodynamic features of the SPS on cerebral angiography as well as the S. Tanoue frequency and types of the SPS drainage from CSDAVFs. H. Mori T. Abe MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 119 patients who underwent cerebral angiography by focusing on visualization and hemodynamic status of the SPS. We also reviewed selective angiography in 25 consecutive patients with CSDAVFs; we were especially interested in the presence of drainage routes through the SPS from CSDAVFs. RESULTS: In 119 patients (238 sides), the SPS was segmentally (anterior segment, 37 sides; posterior segment, 82 sides) or totally (116 sides) demonstrated. It was demonstrated on carotid angiography in 11 sides (4.6%), receiving blood from the basal vein of Rosenthal or sphenopetrosal sinus, and on vertebral angiography in 235 sides (98.7%), receiving blood from the petrosal vein. No SPSs were demonstrated with venous drainage from the cavernous sinus. SPS drainage was found in 7 of 25 patients (28%) with CSDAVFs. CSDAVFs drained through the anterior segment of SPS into the petrosal vein without draining to the posterior segment in 3 of 7 patients (12%). CONCLUSIONS: The SPS normally works as the drainage route receiving blood from the anterior cerebellar and brain stem venous systems. -
Original Article Construction of a Three-Dimensional Interactive Digital
Int J Clin Exp Med 2018;11(4):3078-3085 www.ijcem.com /ISSN:1940-5901/IJCEM0063223 Original Article Construction of a three-dimensional interactive digital atlas of the dural sinus and deep veins based on human head magnetic resonance images by a comprehensive modeling protocol Zhirong Yang, Zhilin Guo Department of Neurosurgical, The Ninth People Hospital, Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, China Received August 7, 2017; Accepted January 25, 2018; Epub April 15, 2018; Published April 30, 2018 Abstract: Objectives: To design a three-dimensional (3D) interactive digital atlas of the human dural sinus and deep veins for assisting neurosurgeons in preoperative planning and neurosurgical training. Methods: Sagittal head mag- netic resonance (MR) images were obtained of a 54-year-old female who suffered from left posterior fossa tumor. A comprehensive modeling protocol consisting of five steps including thresholding, crop mask, region growing, 3D calculating and 3D editing was used to develop a 3D digital atlas of the dural sinuses and deep veins based on the MR images. The accuracy of the atlas was also evaluated. Results: The 3D digital atlas of the human dural sinus and deep veins was successfully constructed using 176 sagittal head MR images. The contours of the acquired model matched very well with the corresponding structures of the original images in axial and oblique view of MR cross- sections. The atlas can be arbitrarily rotated and viewed from any direction. It can also be zoomed in and out directly using the zoom function. Conclusion: A 3D digital atlas of human dural sinus and deep veins was successfully cre- ated, it can be used for repeated observations and research purposes without limitations of time and shortage of corpses. -
Unilateral Upper and Lower Subtotal Maxillectomy Approaches to The
NEUROSURGERY 46:6 | JUNE 2000 | 1416-1453 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-200006000-00025 Anatomic Report Unilateral Upper and Lower Subtotal Maxillectomy Approaches to the Cranial Base: Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/neurosurgery/article-abstract/46/6/1416/2925972 by Universidad de Zaragoza user on 02 January 2020 Microsurgical Anatomy Tsutomu Hitotsumatsu, M.D., Ph.D.1, Albert L. Rhoton, Jr., M.D.1 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The relationship of the maxilla, with its thin walls, to the nasal and oral cavities, the orbit, and the infratemporal and pterygopalatine fossae makes it a suitable route for accessing lesions involving both the central and lateral cranial base. In this study, we compared the surgical anatomy and exposure obtained by two unilateral transmaxillary approaches, one directed through an upper subtotal maxillectomy, and the other through a lower subtotal maxillectomy. METHODS Cadaveric specimens examined, with 3 to 40× magnification, provided the material for this study. RESULTS Both upper and lower maxillectomy approaches open a surgical field extending from the ipsilateral internal carotid artery to the contralateral Eustachian tube; however, they differ in the direction of the access and the areas exposed. The lower maxillectomy opens a combination of the transmaxillary, transnasal, and transoral routes to extra- and intradural lesions of the central cranial base. Performing additional osteotomies of the mandibular coronoid process and the sphenoid pterygoid process provides anterolateral access to the lateral cranial base, including the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae, and the parapharyngeal space. The upper maxillectomy opens the transmaxillary and transnasal routes to the central cranial base but not the transoral route. -
External Jugular Venous Sampling for Cushing's Disease in a Patient With
CASE REPORT External jugular venous sampling for Cushing’s disease in a patient with hypoplastic inferior petrosal sinuses Keyan A. Peterson, MS, MBA,1 Christofer D. Burnette, RT,2 Kyle M. Fargen, MD, MPH,1 Patrick A. Brown, MD,2 James L. West, MD,1 Stephen B. Tatter, MD, PhD,1 and Stacey Q. Wolfe, MD1 1Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine; and 2Department of Radiology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina The authors report the case of a 30-year-old female patient with suspected Cushing’s disease with an anatomical variation of hypoplastic inferior petrosal sinuses and nearly exclusive anterior drainage from the cavernous sinus, who underwent external jugular venous blood sampling with successful disease confirmation and microadenoma localization. The patient presented with signs and symptoms consistent with Cushing’s syndrome, but with discordant preliminary diagnostic testing. She underwent attempted bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling; however, she had hypoplastic in- ferior petrosal sinuses bilaterally and predominantly anterior drainage from the cavernous sinus into the external jugular circulation. Given this finding, the decision was made to proceed with external jugular venous access and sampling in addition to internal jugular venous sampling. A positive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) response to corticotropin- releasing factor was obtained in the right external jugular vein alone, suggesting a right-sided pituitary microadenoma as the cause of her Cushing’s disease. The patient subsequently underwent a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy that confirmed the presence of a right-sided ACTH-secreting microadenoma, which was successfully resected. She was hypocortisolemic on discharge and has had no signs of recurrence or relapse at 6 months postoperation. -
Morphology of the Human Hard Palate: a Study on Dry Skulls
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Firenze University Press: E-Journals IJAE Vol. 123, n. 1: 55-63, 2018 ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANATOMY AND EMBRYOLOGY Research Article - Basic and Applied Anatomy Morphology of the human hard palate: a study on dry skulls Masroor Badshah1,2,*, Roger Soames1, Muhammad Jaffar Khan3, Jamshaid Hasnain4 1 Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification, University of Dundee, Scotland; 2 North West School of Medicine, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan; 3 Department of Biochemistry, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan; 4 Bridge Consultants Foundation, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan Abstract To determine morphological variations of the hard palate in dry human skulls, 85 skulls of unknown age and sex from nine medical schools in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were exam- ined. The transverse diameter, number, shape and position of the greater (GPF) and lesser (LPF) palatine foramina; canine to canine inter-socket distance; distance between greater palatine foramen medial margins; on each side, the distances between greater palatine foramen and base of the pterygoid hamulus, median maxillary suture and posterior border of the hard palate; pal- atal length, breadth and height; maximum width and height of the incisive foramen; and the angle between the median maxillary suture and a line between the orale and greater palatine foramen were determined. Palatine index and palatal height index were also calculated. An oval greater palatine foramen was present in all skulls, while a mainly oval lesser palatine fora- men was present in 95.8% on the right and 97.2% on the left. Single and multiple lesser pala- tine foramina were observed on the right/left sides: single 44.1%/50.7%; double 41.2%/34.8%; triple 10.2%/11.6%. -
Maxillary Sutures As an Indicator of Adult Age at Death: Reducing Error and Codifying Approaches
MAXILLARY SUTURES AS AN INDICATOR OF ADULT AGE AT DEATH: REDUCING ERROR AND CODIFYING APPROACHES By CARRIE A. BROWN A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2016 © 2016 Carrie A. Brown To Jacob and Isaac, for support and encouragement, but also for lots of laughs, and to Baby Wime, who made sure I got this done ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thanks first go to my committee, Drs. Michael Warren, David Daegling, John Krigbaum, and Lawrence Winner, for pushing me to challenge myself in new realms in this research. An additional thank you and heartfelt gratitude go to my Committee Chair, Dr. Warren, for continuously supporting me and fostering my growth as a forensic anthropologist, sometimes even from thousands of miles away! And to my master’s committee during my time at Chico State, Drs. Eric Bartelink, Beth Shook, and John Byrd, thank you for setting me up for success in my doctoral program. The second round of appreciation is for all of my laboratory and academic colleagues from California to Hawaii to Florida and now in Nebraska. I truly would not be the anthropologist I am today without your support, encouragement, and, of course, peer reviews! Thanks especially to my frequent co-researcher and fellow native Pennsylvanian, Allysha Winburn, for her endless enthusiasm and positivity, and Dr. Derek “Monkey” Benedix for his unwavering support during the many ups and downs of my year of data collection. Thank you to the following individuals for providing access to their collections and facilitating my time at them: Ms. -
Dural Venous Sinuses Dr Nawal AL-Shannan Dural Venous Sinuses ( DVS )
Dural venous sinuses Dr Nawal AL-Shannan Dural venous sinuses ( DVS ) - Spaces between the endosteal and meningeal layers of the dura Features: 1. Lined by endothelium 2. No musculare tissue in the walls of the sinuses 3. Valueless 4.Connected to diploic veins and scalp veins by emmissary veins .Function: receive blood from the brain via cerebral veins and CSF through arachnoid villi Classification: 15 venous sinuses Paried venous sinuses Unpaired venous sinuses ( lateral in position) • * superior sagittal sinus • * cavernous sinuses • * inferior sagittal sinus • * superior petrosal sinuses • * occipital sinus • * inferior petrosal sinuses • * anterior intercavernous • * transverse sinuses • sinus * sigmoid sinuses • * posterior intercavernous • * spheno-parietal sinuses • sinus • * middle meningeal veins • * basilar plexuses of vein SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS • Begins in front at the frontal crest • ends behind at the internal occipital protuberance diliated to form confluence of sinuses and venous lacunae • • The superior sagittal sinus receives the following : • 1- Superior cerebral veins • 2- dipolic veins • 3- Emissary veins • 4- arachnoid granulation • 5- meningeal veins Clinical significance • Infection from scalp, nasal cavity & diploic tissue • septic thrombosis • CSF absorption intra cranial thrombosis (ICT) • Inferior sagittal sinus - small channel occupy • lower free magin of falx cerebri ( post 2/3) - runs backward and • joins great cerebral vein at free margin of tentorium cerebelli to form straight sinus. • - receives cerebral