IENTIFI£ MERI£AN [Entered at Ofllce of New York. N. as Class Matter. Copyri/<ht. by Munn tbe P08t \"" Second i\l()l. '" Co.) CENTS A COP" Vol. XCI.-"'o. 1'7. NEW YORK, OCTOBER 22, 1904 'l, 8 E.TABJ.JSHeD 184;,. $3.0(1 A 'I'EA R. Flnl.hed second. U'he low·powered car that took third place. d in 24-Horse.Power Pope Toledo. Clement, Jr. Starting In 90-Horse·Power Clement Bayar . Lyttle Broke clutch In bnapshot at 80 miles an hour. Ilr8t round. Heath In 90 Horse-Power Panhard. Wallace in Fiat. Vanderbilt, Jr., the Donor of Cup. 90-Horse·Power W. K. The flDish. HeathWlnnlng by 1 Minute, 28 Seconds. Average Speed, 52.2 Miles Per Hour.-[See page 283.) TlII VANDERBILT IlfTEBNATIONAL CUP CONTEST. Scientific American OCTOBER 22, 1904. eontinued to use the same pattern on their standard n at sf'lf-prorJucing, that is, wbp till' 11'<'1' is ('ut it once SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN hal not. its inhcrent \Vealme�H hccn thm; clearly ne �tall\;;. and a short time a tree iH lllake�. l th['ow� 11)) w in Hew ESTABLISHED 1845 tlIP (lemonstrated in thh; eonteHt. !·'urthcrmore, tlte faet ready for the ax, wood heing valuable for many was established in the case of practically every ma­ purposes. The wood is used for fuel, the leaves as an MUNN CO., Editors and Proprietors chine in the race that the weakest point of the auto­ ingredient for medicine and oil. At present the trees 6. mobile, the one in which trouble will come first, when are nearly one hundred feet high, and as they have the machine is hard pressed, is the tires. Doubtless been planted ten feet apart, in ten rows, they form a Published Weekly at this was known before ; but it is certain that the magnificent line two miles and a half in length-a No. Broa.dwa.y, New York 361 experienre gathered in this race will result in special landmark for a long distance. attention and renewed effort upon the part of the tire The best protluct of the farm is the English walnut TERMI:J TU I:JUBI:JL'RIBl!IRS makers. grove, it being found that these trees lend themselves copy, one year for the United States. Canada. or .. ..... $:-),00 One copy. one year. to &ny foreign cot:.ntry. postage prepaId.MeXIOO . ad. Unquestionably, in respect of its usefulness, automo­ especially to this treatment, and ninety acres have been THE SL'IEN1'IFIC AJJIERlCAN PUBLICATIONS.£0 168. 4.00 bile road racing stands and falls with the thorough­ planted with them. the trees in size and condition be­ ScielltiHc American (�stablished .... ... _ ......... .. ...$3.00 a year 11S.jfl) SClentitic American Supplement (�stabli8hed ........••... .. bred horse and the racing yacht. It goes without ing among the finest to be seen in Southern California. Scientitic American Building MonthJy (Established1876) •..•. ... a.UO 1885) 2.')() .. SCientitlc American ��XDort ..I:£ditiOll l.lGstablished . ..•... saying that the sport of hor&e racing, with its develop­ This plot alone produces between $7,000 and $8,000 The comomed subscription rates and rates to1878). foreiR'1l countries�OO will be furnished upon applicatioIl. ment of the racehorse, has had a widespread and every year, and that it is almost net, the simplicity llemit by postal or express money order. or by bank draft or cbeck. MUNN .• Broadway. New York. lasting effect in improving the breed of horses in of cultivation shows. Of this ninety acres in walnuts, & CO atiJ gEneral. So also the development of a "Reliance" sixty is in olel trees, thirty in young ones; and the NEW YORK, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 22, 1904. or a "Shamrock" through the past half a century rapid increase in value and number is seen in the fact of international cup racing has been a most power­ that the crop of fruit last year, or the year ending The Editor is always glaLi receive for examination illustrated 10 ful factor in the improvement of sails, both in tex­ January, 1903, was $4,738, the crop weighing 45,131 artieles on subjects or timely interest. If the photognt\lll; are the articles and the facls the eontri butiolls ture and cut; has stimulated, on the part of ship­ pounds. This crop is ripe in October, at about the glta,.p,will receive spedal.<.;}UH·t. attention. AccepteLiauthelltil', artICles will paid for Ilt regular 8pace rates. be builders, the search for light but strong materials of same time as the chestnut of the East, and a large construction ; and has led to the adoption of many number of pickers, among whom are Indians, Mexicans. AUTOMOBILE ROAD RACING. forms and methods of construction at once lighter and and half-breeds, are employed. The nuts are knockpd Not for a long time have we seen such an ill-timeu stronger than those formerly common to the art. or shaken from the trees by men armed with poles display of prejudice, as was shown by some of the • I .... who are followed by pickers with gunny sacks, who daily press against the international automobile race, SCIENTIFIC DISPOSITION OF SEWAGE. carry them to the sheds, where they go through sev­ recently held on Long Island. The arguments ad­ BY CHAHLE� F. HOLDER. eral operations before being ready for the market. vanced were illogical; for, if pressed home and broadly "The English walmit crop of 1903 of the Pasadena, A large acreage of the farm, at least twenty, is plant­ applied, they would make a clean sweep of every form California, Sewer Farm has been purchased by P. R. ed to pumpkins, which grow to a remarkable size and of sport that involves the element of danger, or calls Wilding, a commission merchant of Los Angeles, for make an extraordinary display when ripe. They are for the supremest development of mental and bodily $7,419. This is the third consecutive year that Mr. used to feed stock, principally hogs, of which there is \;owers. Wilding has bid for and received the crop." a herd at present of two hundred. One hundred and A careful sifting out of the voluminous corres­ The above item appeared in the Los Angeles papers thirty acres are planted to barley, which is the prin­ vondence and lengthy editorial criticisms of the race in November, 1903, and is of interest, as beneath it cipal hay crop of California ; and so complete is the sbows that it was condemned mainly on two counts : we may read the story of a very successful disposition system that two perfect crops are raised, the same bf'­ ilrst, that it was dangerous to the competitors, and of sewage from a city of 15,000 or 20,000 inhabitants. ing true of corn; and doubtless as the farm is per­ second, that the machines they drove were over-de· Indeed, Pasadena claims to have solved the question of fected, experiments will demonstrate that many crops "eloped mechanisms, fit only for carrying the drivers the scientific disposition of its sewage, and can demon· can be duplicated. through the race at break-neck speed, and having no strate to any interested parties that the work is ac­ The secret of the success of the Pasadena farm subsequent usefulness whatever. complished not only successfully, but is a good busi­ method lies in the application of the sewage. Before It takes only a moment's consideration to see that ness proposition to the city. planting time a horse and plow form several inclosures the same objections apply to the racehorse and the The city of Pasadena lies on the gentle slope of the on the surface to be planted, after the fashion of the racing yacht, to say nothing of various forms of Sierra Madre, at the head of the San Gabriel Valley, long furrow seen in orange irrigation, the idea being sport such as football, polo, and some that are less and covers practically twenty-five square miles, the to hold the sewage in a location until the fluid perme­ prominent in the public eye. Set a ban upon every city, including Altadena, reaching to the mountains on ates the earth thoroughly and completely as would a competition that entails danger to life or limb, and the north and from the banks of the Arroyo Seco to good rain, that is, to a depth of three or four feet. we would be at- once reduced to croquet, shuttlecock Lamanda Park to the east. For many years, and This accomplished. it is allowed to dry sufficiently for and battledore" and a few other thrilling diversions when the city was in its incipiency, the sewage was working, when a cultivator is put on, and the ground that were the delight of our forefathers. Risk is in­ received in cesspools; but some years ago a system of from twelve to fourteen inches, the deeper the better, separable from any high form of sport; and we have sewage became �ecessary, and plans were at once be­ thoroughly cultivated and turned over. This is found to recognize the fact that human nature is so consti­ gun, resulting in the present arrangement, by which in the soil at the Pasadena Sewer Farm to not only tuted that this very element of risk does in itself form the central portion of the city is well sewered. The prepare the ground for the reception of seeds, but to one of the strongest attractions of the sports that plant, consisting of about fifty miles of pipe, has 650 render it perfectly "sweet," so there is no disagreeable are popular in the present day.