A Morte No Cinzel De Victor Brecheret: Musa Impassível

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A Morte No Cinzel De Victor Brecheret: Musa Impassível UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO INTERUNIDADES EM ESTÉTICA E HISTÓRIA DA ARTE ROSANA GARCETE MIRANDA FERNANDES DE ALMEIDA A MORTE NO CINZEL DE VICTOR BRECHERET: MUSA IMPASSÍVEL Versão Corrigida De acordo SÃO PAULO 2015 UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO INTERUNIDADES EM ESTÉTICA E HISTÓRIA DA ARTE ROSANA GARCETE MIRANDA FERNANDES DE ALMEIDA A MORTE NO CINZEL DE VICTOR BRECHERET: MUSA IMPASSÍVEL Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estética e História da Arte, da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Estética e História da Arte. Área de Concentração: Produção e Circulação da Arte Orientador: Prof. Dr. Edson Leite. SÃO PAULO 2015 AUTORIZO A REPRODUÇÃO E DIVULGAÇÃO TOTAL OU PARCIAL DESTE TRABALHO, POR QUALQUER MEIO CONVENCIONAL OU ELETRÔNICO, PARA FINS DE ESTUDO E PESQUISA, DESDE QUE CITADA A FONTE. Catalogação da Publicação Biblioteca Lourival Gomes Machado Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade de São Paulo Almeida, Rosana Garcete Miranda Fernandes de. A morte no cinzel de Victor Brecheret: Musa Impassível /Rosana Garcete Miranda Fernandes de Almeida; Orientador Edson Leite. – São Paulo, 2015. 161 f. :il. Dissertação (Mestrado–Programa de Pós-Graduação Interunidades em Estética e História da Arte) – Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. 1. Arte Funerária. 2. Modernismo – Brasil. 3. Escultores – Brasil – Século 20. 4. Victor Brecheret, 1894-1955. 5. Silva, Francisca Júlia da, 1871-1920. I. Leite, Edson. II. Título. CDD 726.8 ALMEIDA, Rosana Garcete Miranda Fernandes de A morte no cinzel de Victor Brecheret: Musa Impassível Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estética e História da Arte, da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Estética e História da Arte. Aprovado em: Banca Examinadora Prof. Dr. ______________________________ Instituição:____________________________ Julgamento:____________________________Assinatura: ____________________________ Prof. Dr. ______________________________ Instituição:____________________________ Julgamento:____________________________Assinatura: ____________________________ Prof. Dr. ______________________________ Instituição:____________________________ Julgamento:____________________________Assinatura: ____________________________ DEDICATÓRIA A Genivaldo, esposo amado, pessoa com quem аmо partilhar а vida. Obrigado por acreditar е investir em mim, pelo carinho, paciência е por sua capacidade de me trazer paz na correria de cada semestre. Sua presença significou segurança е certeza de que não estou sozinha nessa caminhada. A Guilherme, Lorenna e Victoria, filhos amados do meu coração, pela capacidade de compreenderem em muitos momentos minha ausência. Sei que, com muito carinho е apoio, não mediram esforços para que еu chegasse até esta etapa de minha vida. À minha mãe, dona Elena, simplesmente por tudo. AGRADECIMENTOS O meu primeiro agradecimento é dirigido ao caro Professor Doutor Edson Leite, orientador dedicado, fino, de quem recebi em todos os momentos os mais estimulantes incentivos à realização deste trabalho. Tenho por ele a mais profunda admiração e carinho por sempre ter se mostrado disposto a me atender. Pacientemente, enveredou-me nesta jornada com dedicação e competência. Agradeço aos Professores e alunos do Programa de Pós-Graduação de Estética e História da Arte que juntos compartilhamos encontros e acalentos para nossas pesquisas, desde sugestões e discussões a respeito do assunto até simples auxílios. Todo o meu carinho às Professoras Doutoras Carmen Aranha e Helouise Costa e aos Professores Doutores Arthur Lara e Artur Matuk. Aos demais Professores do campus da EACH e IEB, que de alguma forma contribuíram para a construção deste trabalho, em especial às Professoras Doutoras Daisy Peccinini, Jane Marques, Maria Cristina Caponero, Rita de Cassia Giraldi e Sílvia Held. A todos os colegas do universo acadêmico da USP, em especial aos meus queridos amigos Antonio de Pádua Rodrigues, Aila Regina, Bruno Sayão, Cíntia Amaral, Edileine Carvalho, Eunice Maria da Silva, Edna Rosane, Marília Chaves, Olívio Guedes, Sandro Cajé, Vanderlei Lucentini, que, por várias vezes, disponibilizaram seu tempo e conhecimento, os quais de certa forma me trouxeram até aqui e também aos amigos além dos muros da academia, Douglas Romão, Jandira Lombardi, Maeli Lombardi e Patrícia Faria, juntamente com seu grupo de teatro, sou grata pela imensa contribuição. Agradeço aos profissionais do PGEHA-USP, Águida Furtado Vieira, Paulo Marquezini e Joana D`Arc Figueredo, pelas preciosas contribuições dadas nos momentos das dúvidas burocráticas acadêmicas. Não poderia me esquecer de agradecer aos profissionais das necrópoles Araçá, Consolação e São Paulo, em especial a Francivaldo Gomes, mais conhecido como Popó, o guardião do Cemitério da Consolação. Um agradecimento especial e caloroso à minha família, Genivaldo, Guilherme, Lorenna, Elena e Victoria pela paciência e compreensão que tiveram comigo nesta jornada. “Escultura é forma e volume, ela não representa o espaço, ela é o espaço que ocupa”. Autoria Desconhecida “Nós ossos que aqui estamos, pelos vossos ossos esperamos”. Willian Shakespeare “Branca e hercúlea, de pé, num bloco de Carrara, Que lhe serve de trono, a formosa escultura, Vênus, túmido o colo, em severa postura, Com seus olhos de pedra o mundo inteiro encara”. Fração do Poema Vênus de Francisca Júlia RESUMO ALMEIDA, R. G. M. F. A morte no cinzel de Victor Brecheret: Musa Impassível. 2015. 161 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estética e História da Arte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2015. À frente de seu tempo e com dons excepcionais, Victor Brecheret trilhou um árduo caminho de sucesso. Mesmo com poucos recursos, nunca desanimou ou deixou de tentar, tendo estudado em diversas escolas de arte, inclusive em Paris, como bolsista. Nascido na Itália, veio para o Brasil quando ainda era criança, e cresceu entre os grandes e renomados nomes da arte. Morou em Roma, onde abriu seu primeiro atelier, mas foi em Paris que elevou e firmou seu estilo. Sua temporada parisiense é recheada pelo aprendizado das três fontes: ênfase ao volume geométrico das esculturas cubistas, ao tratamento sintético da forma de Brancusi e à estilização elegante do Art Déco. Além desses estilos, Brecheret trouxe da Europa os traços do modernismo. Durante toda sua carreira artística, desenvolveu diversos e diferenciados trabalhos, porém, é sempre lembrado por talhar seu cinzel em gigantesco bloco de mármore, dando forma a magníficas e esculturais obras. Seu maior trabalho, o mais reconhecido e citado, é, sem sombra de dúvidas, o Monumento às Bandeiras, na cidade de São Paulo, pelo qual deixou sua marca registrada, eternizando seu nome e firmando sua arte. Brecheret também deixou sua marca em obras tumulares que encantam os olhos e transformam a dor da morte em beleza e suaves lembranças de uma vida plena. Sua principal obra, dentre a arte tumular, é a Musa Impassível, que adornou com graciosidade o túmulo da poetisa Francisca Júlia, por mais de 80 anos (1923-2006) e, desde 2006, está alocada na Pinacoteca do Estado de São Paulo. Criada como uma homenagem póstuma a uma grande mulher, a Musa Impassível é a união da literatura com a arte, da poetisa com o escultor, da dor com a beleza, da morte com a eternidade; é a real certeza de que uma pessoa pode ser eternizada por meio de uma escultura, admirada entre infinitas gerações e lembrada pelas suas conquistas e grandiosidade. Palavras-chave: Arte tumular. Victor Brecheret. Musa Impassível. ABSTRACT ALMEIDA, R. G. M. F. Death in the chisel Victor Brecheret: Impassive Muse. 2015. 161 f. Dissertation (Master's Degree) – Graduate Program in Aesthetics and Art History, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 2015. Ahead of his time and exceptional gifts, Victor Brecheret walked a hard path of success. Even with few resources, never discouraged or stopped trying, he studied at several art schools, including in Paris with a scholarship. Born in Italy, he came to Brazil when he was a child and grew up among the great and renowned art names. He lived in Rome, where he opened his first atelier, but it was in Paris that he raised and formed his own style. His Parisian season is filled by learning from three sources: emphasis on geometric volume of cubist sculptures, synthetic treatment of form of Brancusi and the elegant Art Deco styling. In addition to these styles, Brecheret brought from Europe traces of modernism. Throughout his artistic career, he has developed on diversed and differentiated work; however, he is always remembered for his chisel carving in mammoth marble blocks, forming the magnificent and sculptural works. His greatest work, which is the most recognized and quoted, is undoubtedly the Monument to the Flags in the city of São Paulo, and for which he left his trademark, immortalizing his name and establishing his art. Brecheret also left his mark on tomb works. His funerary art is to delight the eyes and transform the pain of death in beauty and soothing memories of a full life. His main work, in the funerary art, is the Impassive Muse, which has been adorning with grace, the tomb of the poet Frances Julia for over 80 years (1923-2006), and since 2006, has being allocated in the Pinacoteca of the State of São Paulo. Created as a posthumous tribute to a great woman, the Impassive Muse is the union of literature with the art, the poet with the sculptor, pain with beauty, death with eternity; it is the
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