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A Fuse Survey of the Rotation Rates of Very Massive Stars in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds
The Astrophysical Journal, 700:844–858, 2009 July 20 doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/844 C 2009. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. A FUSE SURVEY OF THE ROTATION RATES OF VERY MASSIVE STARS IN THE SMALL AND LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS Laura R. Penny1 and Douglas R. Gies2 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, The College of Charleston, Charleston, SC 29424, USA; [email protected] 2 Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 4106, Atlanta, GA 30302-4106, USA; [email protected] Received 2009 February 3; accepted 2009 May 26; published 2009 July 6 ABSTRACT We present projected rotational velocity values for 97 Galactic, 55 SMC, and 106 LMC O-B type stars from archival FUSE observations. The evolved and unevolved samples from each environment are compared through the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test to determine if the distribution of equatorial rotational velocities is metallicity dependent for these massive objects. Stellar interior models predict that massive stars with SMC metallicity will have significantly reduced angular momentum loss on the main sequence compared to their Galactic counterparts. Our results find some support for this prediction but also show that even at Galactic metallicity, evolved and unevolved massive stars have fairly similar fractions of stars with large V sin i values. Macroturbulent broadening that is present in the spectral features of Galactic evolved massive stars is lower in the LMC and SMC samples. This suggests the processes that lead to macroturbulence are dependent upon metallicity. -
The Messenger
THE MESSENGER No, 40 - June 1985 Radial Veloeities of Stars in Globular Clusters: a Look into CD Cen and 47 Tue M. Mayor and G. Meylan, Geneva Observatory, Switzerland Subjected to dynamical investigations since the beginning photometry of several clusters reveals a cusp in the luminosity of the century, globular clusters still provide astrophysicists function of the central region, which could be the first evidence with theoretical and observational problems, wh ich so far have for collapsed cores. only been partly solved. The development of photoelectric cross-corelation tech If for a long time the star density projected on the sky was niques for the determination of stellar radial velocities opened fairly weil represented by simple dynamical models, recent the door to kinematical investigations (Gunn and Griffin, 1979, N .~- .", '. '.'., .' 1 '&307 w E ,. 1~ S Fig. 1: Left: 47 Tue (NGC 104) from the Deep Blue Survey - SRC-(J). Right: Centre of 47 Tue from a near-infrared photometrie study of Lioyd Evans. The diameter ofthe large eirele eorresponds to the disk ofthe left photograph. The maximum ofthe rotation appears inside the eircle; the linear part of the rotation eurve (solid-body rotation) affeets only stars inside one areminute of the eentre. 1 Rlre J 250r;.' .;r2' -i4.:...__.....;6;.;.. .;rB. ,;.;10::....--. Tentative Time-table of Council Sessions (J lkm/5] and Committee Meetings in 1985 (.) Gen x =2. November 12 Scientific Technical Committee November 13-14 Finance Committee December 11 -12 Observing Programmes Committee December 16 Committee of Council December 17 Council 10. All meetings will take place at ESO in Garching. -
Gas and Dust in the Magellanic Clouds
Gas and dust in the Magellanic clouds A Thesis Submitted for the Award of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics To Mangalore University by Ananta Charan Pradhan Under the Supervision of Prof. Jayant Murthy Indian Institute of Astrophysics Bangalore - 560 034 India April 2011 Declaration of Authorship I hereby declare that the matter contained in this thesis is the result of the inves- tigations carried out by me at Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore, under the supervision of Professor Jayant Murthy. This work has not been submitted for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship, etc. of any university or institute. Signed: Date: ii Certificate This is to certify that the thesis entitled ‘Gas and Dust in the Magellanic clouds’ submitted to the Mangalore University by Mr. Ananta Charan Pradhan for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the faculty of Science, is based on the results of the investigations carried out by him under my supervi- sion and guidance, at Indian Institute of Astrophysics. This thesis has not been submitted for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship, etc. of any university or institute. Signed: Date: iii Dedicated to my parents ========================================= Sri. Pandab Pradhan and Smt. Kanak Pradhan ========================================= Acknowledgements It has been a pleasure to work under Prof. Jayant Murthy. I am grateful to him for giving me full freedom in research and for his guidance and attention throughout my doctoral work inspite of his hectic schedules. I am indebted to him for his patience in countless reviews and for his contribution of time and energy as my guide in this project. -
7.5 X 11.5.Threelines.P65
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-19267-5 - Observing and Cataloguing Nebulae and Star Clusters: From Herschel to Dreyer’s New General Catalogue Wolfgang Steinicke Index More information Name index The dates of birth and death, if available, for all 545 people (astronomers, telescope makers etc.) listed here are given. The data are mainly taken from the standard work Biographischer Index der Astronomie (Dick, Brüggenthies 2005). Some information has been added by the author (this especially concerns living twentieth-century astronomers). Members of the families of Dreyer, Lord Rosse and other astronomers (as mentioned in the text) are not listed. For obituaries see the references; compare also the compilations presented by Newcomb–Engelmann (Kempf 1911), Mädler (1873), Bode (1813) and Rudolf Wolf (1890). Markings: bold = portrait; underline = short biography. Abbe, Cleveland (1838–1916), 222–23, As-Sufi, Abd-al-Rahman (903–986), 164, 183, 229, 256, 271, 295, 338–42, 466 15–16, 167, 441–42, 446, 449–50, 455, 344, 346, 348, 360, 364, 367, 369, 393, Abell, George Ogden (1927–1983), 47, 475, 516 395, 395, 396–404, 406, 410, 415, 248 Austin, Edward P. (1843–1906), 6, 82, 423–24, 436, 441, 446, 448, 450, 455, Abbott, Francis Preserved (1799–1883), 335, 337, 446, 450 458–59, 461–63, 470, 477, 481, 483, 517–19 Auwers, Georg Friedrich Julius Arthur v. 505–11, 513–14, 517, 520, 526, 533, Abney, William (1843–1920), 360 (1838–1915), 7, 10, 12, 14–15, 26–27, 540–42, 548–61 Adams, John Couch (1819–1892), 122, 47, 50–51, 61, 65, 68–69, 88, 92–93, -
A FUSE Survey of Interstellar Molecular Hydrogen in the Small
DRAFT VERSION OCTOBER 25, 2018 Preprint typeset using LATEX style emulateapj v. 04/03/99 A FUSE SURVEY OF INTERSTELLAR MOLECULAR HYDROGEN IN THE SMALL AND LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUDS1 JASON TUMLINSON 2, J. MICHAEL SHULL2,3, BRIAN L. RACHFORD2, MATTHEW K. BROWNING2, THEODORE P. SNOW2, ALEX W. FULLERTON4,5, EDWARD B. JENKINS6, BLAIR D. SAVAGE7, PAUL A. CROWTHER8, H. WARREN MOOS5, KENNETH R. SEMBACH5, GEORGE SONNEBORN9, & DONALD G. YORK10 Draft version October 25, 2018 ABSTRACT We describe a moderate-resolution FUSE survey of H2 along 70 sight lines to the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds, using hot stars as background sources. FUSE spectra of 67% of observed Magellanic Cloud sources (52% of LMC and 92% of SMC) exhibit absorption lines from the H2 Lyman and Werner bands between 912 and 14 −2 1120 Å. Our survey is sensitive to N(H2) ≥ 10 cm ; the highest column densities are log N(H2) = 19.9 in the LMC and 20.6 in the SMC. We find reduced H2 abundances in the Magellanic Clouds relative to the Milky Way, +0.005 +0.006 with average molecular fractions h fH2i =0.010−0.002 for the SMC and h fH2i =0.012−0.003 for the LMC, compared with h fH2i =0.095 for the Galactic disk over a similar range of reddening. The dominant uncertainty in this measurement results from the systematic differences between 21 cm radio emission and Lyα in pencil-beam sight 6 lines as measures of N(H I). These results imply that the diffuse H2 masses of the LMC and SMC are 8 × 10 M⊙ 6 and 2 × 10 M⊙, respectively, 2% and 0.5% of the H I masses derived from 21 cm emission measurements. -
Ngc Catalogue Ngc Catalogue
NGC CATALOGUE NGC CATALOGUE 1 NGC CATALOGUE Object # Common Name Type Constellation Magnitude RA Dec NGC 1 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.9 00:07:16 27:42:32 NGC 2 - Galaxy Pegasus 14.2 00:07:17 27:40:43 NGC 3 - Galaxy Pisces 13.3 00:07:17 08:18:05 NGC 4 - Galaxy Pisces 15.8 00:07:24 08:22:26 NGC 5 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.3 00:07:49 35:21:46 NGC 6 NGC 20 Galaxy Andromeda 13.1 00:09:33 33:18:32 NGC 7 - Galaxy Sculptor 13.9 00:08:21 -29:54:59 NGC 8 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:08:45 23:50:19 NGC 9 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.5 00:08:54 23:49:04 NGC 10 - Galaxy Sculptor 12.5 00:08:34 -33:51:28 NGC 11 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.7 00:08:42 37:26:53 NGC 12 - Galaxy Pisces 13.1 00:08:45 04:36:44 NGC 13 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.2 00:08:48 33:25:59 NGC 14 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.1 00:08:46 15:48:57 NGC 15 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.8 00:09:02 21:37:30 NGC 16 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.0 00:09:04 27:43:48 NGC 17 NGC 34 Galaxy Cetus 14.4 00:11:07 -12:06:28 NGC 18 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:09:23 27:43:56 NGC 19 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.3 00:10:41 32:58:58 NGC 20 See NGC 6 Galaxy Andromeda 13.1 00:09:33 33:18:32 NGC 21 NGC 29 Galaxy Andromeda 12.7 00:10:47 33:21:07 NGC 22 - Galaxy Pegasus 13.6 00:09:48 27:49:58 NGC 23 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.0 00:09:53 25:55:26 NGC 24 - Galaxy Sculptor 11.6 00:09:56 -24:57:52 NGC 25 - Galaxy Phoenix 13.0 00:09:59 -57:01:13 NGC 26 - Galaxy Pegasus 12.9 00:10:26 25:49:56 NGC 27 - Galaxy Andromeda 13.5 00:10:33 28:59:49 NGC 28 - Galaxy Phoenix 13.8 00:10:25 -56:59:20 NGC 29 See NGC 21 Galaxy Andromeda 12.7 00:10:47 33:21:07 NGC 30 - Double Star Pegasus - 00:10:51 21:58:39 -
Parameters of Selected Central Stars of Planetary Nebulae from Consistent Optical and Uv Spectral Analysis
PARAMETERS OF SELECTED CENTRAL STARS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE FROM CONSISTENT OPTICAL AND UV SPECTRAL ANALYSIS Cornelius Bernhard Kaschinski PARAMETERS OF SELECTED CENTRAL STARS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE FROM CONSISTENT OPTICAL AND UV SPECTRAL ANALYSIS Dissertation Ph.D. Thesis an der Ludwig–Maximilians–Universitat¨ (LMU) Munchen¨ at the Ludwig–Maximilians–University (LMU) Munich fur¨ den Grad des for the degree of Doctor rerum naturalium vorgelegt von submitted by Cornelius Bernhard Kaschinski Munchen,¨ 2013 1st Evaluator: Prof. Dr. A. W. A. Pauldrach 2nd Evaluator: Prof. Dr. Barbara Ercolano Date of oral exam: 25.4.2013 Contents Contents vii List of Figures xii List of Tables xiii Zusammenfassung xv Abstract xvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Hot Stars . 1 1.1.1 Evolution of hot stars . 1 1.2 Impact of massive stars on the evolution of stellar clusters . 5 1.3 Motivation of this thesis . 5 1.4 Organization of this thesis . 8 2 Radiation-driven winds of hot luminous stars 11 XVII. Parameters of selected central stars of PN from consistent optical and UV spectral analysis and the universality of the mass–luminosity relation 2.1 Introduction . 12 2.2 Methods . 15 2.2.1 Parameter determination using hydrodynamic models and the UV spectrum . 15 2.2.2 Parameter determination using optical H and He lines . 18 2.2.3 Combined analysis . 19 2.3 Implementation of Stark broadening in the model atmosphere code WM-basic . 19 2.4 CSPN observational material . 25 2.5 Consistent optical and UV analysis of the CSPNs NGC 6826 and NGC 2392 . 25 2.5.1 NGC 6826 . -
The R136 Star Cluster Dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS
MNRAS 000, 1–39 (2015) Preprint 29 January 2016 Compiled using MNRAS LATEXstylefilev3.0 The R136 star cluster dissected with Hubble Space Telescope/STIS. I. Far-ultraviolet spectroscopic census and the origin of He ii λ1640 in young star clusters Paul A. Crowther1⋆, S.M. Caballero-Nieves1, K.A. Bostroem2,3,J.Ma´ız Apell´aniz4, F.R.N. Schneider5,6,N.R.Walborn2,C.R.Angus1,7,I.Brott8,A.Bonanos9, A. de Koter10,11,S.E.deMink10,C.J.Evans12,G.Gr¨afener13,A.Herrero14,15, I.D. Howarth16, N. Langer6,D.J.Lennon17,J.Puls18,H.Sana2,11,J.S.Vink13 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK 2Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore MD 21218, USA 3Department of Physics, University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Ave, Davis CA 95616, USA 4Centro de Astrobiologi´a, CSIC/INTA, Campus ESAC, Apartado Postal 78, E-28 691 Villanueva de la Ca˜nada, Madrid, Spain 5 Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK 6 Argelanger-Institut fur¨ Astronomie der Universit¨at Bonn, Auf dem Hugel¨ 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany 7 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK 8 Institute for Astrophysics, Tuerkenschanzstr. 17, AT-1180 Vienna, Austria 9 Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, National Observatory of Athens, I. Metaxa & Vas. Pavlou St, P. Penteli 15236, Greece 10 Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ, Amsterdam, Netherlands 11 Institute of Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan -
The Global Content, Distribution, and Kinematics of Interstellar O VI in the Large Magellanic Cloud
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CERN Document Server The Global Content, Distribution, and Kinematics of Interstellar O VI in the Large Magellanic Cloud J. Christopher Howk1, Kenneth R. Sembach1;2, Blair D. Savage3, Derck Massa4, Scott D. Friedman1,& Alex W. Fullerton1;5 ABSTRACT We present Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of interstellar O VI absorption towards 12 early-type stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The observations 1 ˚ have a velocity resolution of . 20 km s− (FWHM) and clearly show O VI 1031.926 A absorption at LMC velocities towards all 12 stars. From these observations we derive column densities of interstellar O VI in this nearby galaxy; the observed columns are in the range log N(O VI)=13:9 +0:14 to 14.6, with a mean of 14.37 and a standard deviation of 38% ( 0:21 dex). The observations ± − probe several sight lines projected onto known superbubbles in the LMC, but these show relatively little (if any) enhancement in O VI column density compared to sight lines towards relatively quiescent regions of the LMC. The observed LMC O VI absorption is broad, with Gaussian 1 6 dispersions σ 30 to 50 km s− . This implies temperatures T (2 5) 10 K, indicating ≈ . − × that much of the broadening is non-thermal because O VI has a very low abundance at such high 1 temperatures. The O VI absorption is typically displaced 30 km s− from the corresponding ∼− low-ionization absorption associated with the bulk of the LMC gas. -
10 MK GAS in M17 and the ROSETTE NEBULA: X-RAY FLOWS in GALACTIC H Ii REGIONS Leisa K
The Astrophysical Journal, 593:874–905, 2003 August 20 # 2003. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. 10 MK GAS IN M17 AND THE ROSETTE NEBULA: X-RAY FLOWS IN GALACTIC H ii REGIONS Leisa K. Townsley,1 Eric D. Feigelson,1,2 Thierry Montmerle,2 Patrick S. Broos,1 You-Hua Chu,3 and Gordon P. Garmire1 Received 2003 January 10; accepted 2003 April 28 ABSTRACT We present the first high spatial resolution X-ray images of two high-mass star forming regions, the Omega Nebula (M17) and the Rosette Nebula (NGC 2237–2246), obtained with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer instrument. The massive clusters powering these H ii regions are resolved at the arcsecond level into more than 900 (M17) and 300 (Rosette) stellar sources similar to those seen in closer young stellar clusters. However, we also detect soft diffuse X-ray emission on parsec scales that is spatially and spectrally distinct from the point-source population. The diffuse emission has luminosity 33 À1 LX ’ 3:4 Â 10 ergs s in M17 with plasma energy components at kT ’ 0:13 and ’0.6 keV (1.5 and 7 32 À1 MK), while in Rosette it has LX ’ 6 Â 10 ergs s with plasma energy components at kT ’ 0:06 and ’0.8 keV (0.7 and 9 MK). This extended emission most likely arises from the fast O star winds thermalized either by wind-wind collisions or by a termination shock against the surrounding media. We establish that only a small portion of the wind energy and mass appears in the observed diffuse X-ray plasma; in these blister H ii regions, we suspect that most of it flows without cooling into the low-density interstellar medium. -
The Messenger
THE MESSENGER No. 30 - December 1982 TWENTY YEARS ESO On the 5th of October 1962, the ESO Convention was signed obtain the confidence of the European community as an in Paris by representatives of Belgium, France, the Federal effective cooperative organization. Republic of Germany, the Netherlands and Sweden. More than It is important that ESO has shown that it can develop a year later, on the 17th of January 1964, the Convention went telescopes and instrumentation and stimulate scientific into effect, following parliamentary ratification in the required research at a level comparable to the best available elsewhere. majority of countries. In 1967, Denmark also joined. In the early Perhaps, however, its most significant contribution is to Euro days (partly before the formalities were completed), site sur pean integration. Of course, the fact that persons of different veys were made which led to the choice of La Silla as the nationalities work together in relative peace is all to the good. observatory location, and work was started on the La Silla But the task of ESO goes far beyond this: ESO has to make its infrastructure and on the Schmidt telescope and the 3.6 m contribution to creating the confidence that Europe can set its telescope. Some other telescopes were ordered from industry. own aims in science and technology and accomplish these After it was realized that ESO did not have the necessary successfully. Only on the basis of this self-confidence can an (technical) management capabilities to bring all its projects to a advanced and independent Europe be built. -
Origin of Magnetic Fields of Stellar Objects in the Universe Based on the 5D Projection Theory
Journal of Modern Physics, 2017, 8, 668-746 http://www.scirp.org/journal/jmp ISSN Online: 2153-120X ISSN Print: 2153-1196 Origin of Magnetic Fields of Stellar Objects in the Universe Based on the 5D Projection Theory Peter C. W. Fung1*, K. W. Wong2 1Department of Physics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Kansas, USA How to cite this paper: Fung, P.C.W. and Abstract Wong, K.W. (2017) Origin of Magnetic Fields of Stellar Objects in the Universe Beginning with a 5D homogeneous universe [1], we have provided a plausible Based on the 5D Projection Theory. Journal explanation of the self-rotation phenomenon of stellar objects previously with of Modern Physics, 8, 668-746. illustration of large number of star samples [2], via a 5D-4D projection. The https://doi.org/10.4236/jmp.2017.84045 origin of such rotation is the balance of the angular momenta of stars and that Received: February 23, 2017 of positive and negative charged e-trino pairs, within a 31DD⊗ void of the Accepted: March 28, 2017 stellar object, the existence of which is based on conservation/parity laws in Published: March 31, 2017 physics if one starts with homogeneous 5D universe. While the in-phase Copyright © 2017 by authors and e-trino pairs are proposed to be responsible for the generation of angular Scientific Research Publishing Inc. momentum, the anti-phase but oppositely charge pairs necessarily produce This work is licensed under the Creative currents. In the 5D to 4D projection, one space variable in the 5D manifold Commons Attribution International was compacted to zero in most other 5D theories (including theories of Kalu- License (CC BY 4.0).