A Survey of Orchestral Excerpt Books for the Flutist Sarah Jane Young
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Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2015 A Survey of Orchestral Excerpt Books for the Flutist Sarah Jane Young Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC A SURVEY OF ORCHESTRAL EXCERPT BOOKS FOR THE FLUTIST By SARAH JANE YOUNG A Treatise submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Music Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2015 Sarah Jane Young submitted this treatise on March 25, 2015. The members of the supervisory committee were: Eva Amsler Professor Directing Treatise Alice-Ann Darrow University Representative Eric Ohlsson Committee Member Alexander Jiménez Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the treatise has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii I dedicate this treatise in loving memory of my grandparents, Helen H. and Robert W. Starke. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my committee members Dr. Darrow, Dr. Jiménez, and Dr. Ohlsson for their support and wisdom. I am very grateful for my parents Jane and Richard Young, and my grandparents Janet and Gordon Young, for encouraging me. I am indebted to Ellen Mosley, Dean Pieskee, Justin Page, and Andrew Young for their assistance editing this document. I am especially grateful for my teacher Eva Amsler for all of her dedication and support. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................... vi SECTION ONE: BACKGROUND AND BIOGRAPHIES .................................................................... 1 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 The Orchestral Audition Process in the United States .................................................... 3 1.2 The French School of Flute Playing ................................................................................ 4 2. FRANCE 1844-1923 .................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 The Authors ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 The Excerpts .................................................................................................................... 7 3. GERMANY 1928-1971 ................................................................................................................. 9 3.1 The Author ...................................................................................................................... 9 3.2 The Excerpts ................................................................................................................. 10 4. ENGLAND 1935-2011 .............................................................................................................................. 12 4.1 The Authors ................................................................................................................................... 12 4.2 The Excerpts ................................................................................................................................... 12 5. AMERICA 1941-2008 ................................................................................................................................ 23 5.1 The Authors .................................................................................................................................... 23 5.2 The Excerpts ................................................................................................................................... 26 6. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................................. 47 SECTION TWO: SURVEY OF ORCHESTRAL EXCERPT BOOKS .......................................................... 48 7. METHOD ...................................................................................................................................................... 49 8. OVERVIEW OF ORCHESTRAL EXCERPT BOOKS .................................................................................. 51 9. ORCHESTRAL EXCERPTS CATALOG ...................................................................................................... 52 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................................. 215 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ............................................................................................................................ 218 v ABSTRACT This survey of orchestral excerpt books is a resource for flutists auditioning, studying, or teaching orchestral excerpts. An orchestral excerpt is a short, difficult passage or solo from an individual part of a symphonic work. There are many resources but few explanations of where to locate excerpts for flutists. Because the audition process is not yet uniform, it is challenging for flutists to find the necessary music. Included are books that the author has come across through experiences teaching and taking auditions. They are: the Paul Taffanel and Philippe Gaubert Méthod Complète de Flûte, the Karlheinz Zöller Moderne Orchesterstudien für Flöte Volumes 1 and 2, the Trevor Wye A Piccolo Practice Book and The Orchestral Practice Books Volumes 1 and 2, the Jeanne Baxtresser Orchestral Excerpts for Flute and Great Flute Duos from the Orchestral Repertoire, the Walfrid Kujala Complete Original Flute Parts- The Flute Audition Book and Orchestral Techniques for Flute and Piccolo, the Michael Parloff Opera Excerpts for Flute, the Jack Wellbaum Orchestral Excerpts for Piccolo, the John Wion Opera Excerpts for Flute Volumes 1 through 9, the John Wummer Orchestral Studies Volumes 1 through 9, the Orchestra Musician’s CD-ROM Library Volumes 1 through 12, The Modern Flutist, and the Little Piper. It is hoped that this treatie will provide a useful tool for all flutists to efficiently locate any passage they need. vi SECTION ONE: BACKGROUND AND BIOGRAPHIES 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this treatise is to create a catalog of orchestral excerpts for the flute. Included is a listing of composers, their compositions, the location of the excerpt according to each book, and the instrumentation for the excerpt. There are over 150 composers and more than 800 compositions represented in this survey. I discovered through my research that the leaders of the French flute school who taught at the Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris1 were the first to compile and publish a collection of excerpts from the symphonic repertoire. This collection was created for the silver Boehm system flute, which is essentially the flute used today. These same flutists were also the first to write method books for the instrument. Included are the orchestral excerpts from Paul Taffanel and Philippe Gaubert’s famous book Méthod Complète de Flûte, published in 1923. In 1971 Karlheinz Zöller, principal flutist of the Berlin Philharmonic, created two volumes of excerpts from the Modern era. His books are currently the only source of this kind. He includes important German composers from his time and some influential chamber pieces such as Pierrot Lunaire by Arnold Schoenberg and Le Marteau sans maître by Pierre Boulez. British flutists Trevor Wye and Patricia Morris compiled an extensive collection of excerpts for pedagogical purposes in 1988 and 1998. Wye’s practice books are extremely well known, and his excerpt books are organized according to the technical requirement of each excerpt. He is the first to use pedagogical challenges on the flute to compile orchestral excerpts. In America several collections were created. The first was the Modern Flutist by Albert J. Andraud, which includes Romantic as well as Modern excerpts. This book also incorporates études by Sigfrid Karg-Elert and Johannès Donjon. The John Wummer books followed this, which are comprised of 9 volumes of repertoire. Equally impressive in scope is John Wion’s 9- 1 Hereafter the Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris will be referred to as the Paris Conservatoire. 2 volume collection of opera excerpts. Jeanne Baxtresser, Jack Wellbaum, Michael Parloff, and Walfrid Kujala all contributed a more select number of excerpts but have since added their own expertise on how to prepare and perform for auditions. The collection of parts from the music company Little Piper, selected by former principal flutist of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra Ervin Monroe, in addition to the 12-volume collection from the Orchestra Musician’s CD-ROM Library are also incorporated. Both collections have been placed here for their complete orchestral parts and are often in demand for auditions. One of Walfrid Kujala’s books also contains complete parts, although his are only for principal flute. Kujala is the first to compile a book using complete orchestral parts. The audition process is discussed in the next section. This process changed over the years as reflected in the content and scope of these books. 1.1 The Orchestral Audition Process in the United States Auditions