Component 1 (Set Products) Component 2 (Crime Drama) Music Videos to Follow Revision and Home Learning Booklet
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GCSE Media Component 1 (Set Products) Component 2 (Crime Drama) Music Videos to follow Revision and Home learning Booklet 1 Key Terminology and ideas you need to know... Technical codes Visual codes: Camera shots Colour Lighting Location Language codes– written and spoken. Gesture codes Facial expressions Props Genre: Genre is a way of categorising media products. The concept relates to film and television, but can be applied to many products. Generic products are defined by a set of elements that are repeated across them: Visual iconography—visual codes associated with a genre. Technical codes—different genres use different codes in specific ways. Narrative—the way in which the story is told. Characters—most genres have an expected type of character. Key Terms: Genre Key terms: Narrative Familiar conventions: elements that we Equilibrium: at the beginning, everything is calm and balanced. would expect to see in a particular genre. Unexpected elements: conventions we Disruption: an event or problem occurs to upset the balance. would not expect to see in a genre. Recognition: the characters Technological developments: new realise that there is a problem. technologies that enable media producers to create products in a different way. Resolution: the problem is solved. Subgenre: a more specific genre with two different genres (Rom-Com) New equilibrium: everything returns to a state of balance. Hybrid: a combination of two or more different genres. What if it is a non-linear narrative? Disruption: an event or action that It might include: interrupts the narrative Flashbacks—Flash-forwards – Conflict: a clash between two creates suspense. characters or groups of people. Enigma code: a mystery or puzzle, media Linear narrative: a narrative structure products often don’t tell all elements at where all of the events happen in logical once but withhold information to keep order, one after the other. audience guessing. Transformation: a major change. Characters are often transformed. 2 Key Terminology: Audiences Passive consumers: people who use media products but do not actively engage or question them. Effects debate: the idea that media products might have a negative effect on on people’s be-haviour. Active audience: people who made deliberate choices about the media products they consume and respond: agreeing or disagreeing with mes-sages in them. Target audience: the group of people that a product is intended for. Categorise: the way organisations divide an audience so they can target their product at them. Primary audience: the main audience or group that a media product targets. Secondary audience: not the main target groups, but another group who might also con-sume the product. Millennials: those born in the 1980s and 1990s, who grew up with developing technology and became adults in ear- ly 2000s. What does context Preferred reading: audience interprets the text in the way the mean? creator wanted them to. Negotiated reading: the audience accepts some of the messages Historical context: relates to time period it presented, but disagrees with others. was made and events happening at the time. Oppositional reading: the Social context: relates to society at the time. audience rejects the intended It will affect the representations in media. meaning of the text. Cultural context: concerns the elements such as style, genre and technology. Political context: how a media text is affected by politics at the time. 3 Key Terminology: Representation Key Terminology: Industries Construct: put elements together to create a This looks at the study of the production processes, media product ownership and funding, technology and regulation. Version of reality: a particular view of Production: the stage where the media actual events (newspapers) production is created Mediation: the way which media producers Distribution and circulation: the way in interpret and re-present aspects of reality. which the product is delivered to different Uphold stereotype: reinforce a stereotypical audiences. image of a social group. Consumption: the way in which the audi- Subvert stereotype: to go against a ence ‘takes in’ the media production for stereotypical portrayal and resent a broader example, watching TV or playing a game. view o a social group. Production values: the quality of Masculinity: the trains are typically associated technical elements of a product. with males. Public funding: money that comes from Femininity: attributes that are typically the government or TV licence fee. associated with being female. Convergence: way in which products or brands are made available to audiences on a number of platforms. Ofcom: The Office of Communication the regulator for broadcasting. Video on demand: products that are available to be streamed or downloaded. Ethnicity: relates to a person’s national, Ownership: Some products are made by big cultural or religious identity. organisations (Channel 4, News Corporation, for ex- ample) Some are made by smaller companies. There are many ‘misrepresentations’ of ethnicity. For example: Production values may be different depending on the ownership (more money villains in television programs are often for bigger organisations) from ethnic minority groups A director might be down for a type of style Immigrants to Britain are represented negatively An actor may be known for a type of role or genre Antisocial young people are often from ethnic minority groups. Funding can also impact on ownership. Technology: Plays an important role in the Regulation: Most media industries are production of media texts. It also: regulated. They are there to: impacts on how product are made, offer guidance to companies about stand- distributed and circulated. ards or codes of practice they should follow The use of convergence allows Monitor or control media companies. producers to reach wider audiences. Might include responding to complaints for example. 4 Component 1 You need to be able to speak about these key areas for set products: Media language Representation Audiences Media Industries You must understand the context of these products. Context looks at these key areas: Political context Social and cultural context Historical context The products you will study in this component are: Section A: Media language and Representation Magazine covers Film Posters Newspaper front pag- Print adverts (marketing) es Pride (2015) The Man with The Gold- The Guardian (2015) Quality Street (1956) en Gun (1974) GQ (2016) The Sun (2013) This Girl Can (2015) Spectre (2015) Section B: Media Industries and Audiences Newspapers Radio https://www.thesun.co.uk/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/ b006qpgr The Sun The Archers Film Video Games Spectre (2015) Pokemon Go 5 Semiotic Analysis: This is where you use media terminology to analyse visual codes. Visual codes are everything you see on a product which has meaning. Magazines and Newspapers connotation denotation representation Mid-long shot Masthead genre intertextuality ethnicity Main image cover line anchorage Male gaze gender demographic Language codes Home learning Task: TASK 1 Complete a semiotic analysis using the media terminology in your annotations. You will need to explain what the ‘denotation’ connotes. What is the house style? Is there a unique selling point? What is the brand’s identity? 6 Home learning Task 2: Comparison of GQ and an unseen magazine Key questions to think abut when comparing: How is gender represented? How is ethnicity represented? How is age represented? What is similar or different about the cover lines? What ideology does the magazine have? Are they the same? TASK: Complete an analysis comparing both magazine covers. What representations are shown? (25 marrks) 7 Answer: 8 Denotation ‘Pride’ connotes that Mid-long shot is conventional of maga- Target audience: women black women are proud of their herit- zines and connotes that Naomie Harris is aged 18-24 who are inter- age. Also connotes self respect. the main feature article. ested in looking good, their heritage but also celebrate women in power. Hand on hip connotes Naomie is wearing a white high end fashion and dress which connotes femininity. purity and ‘peace’. This is Naomie is represented as con-trasted with the red a strong, independent, which connotes power and black woman. confi-dence. Hard hitting journal- Coverlines discuss cultur- ism on ‘FGM’ which al issues such as femi- connotes that Pride nism, women’s bodies and not only celebrates objectification of women. fashion and beauty of These give audience an black women but also idea about how women cultural issues. are standing up for their own rights, Typography is so- phisticated and Anchorage of the coverlines are slim line, which surrounding Naomie and con- connotes how notes that she is the feminine the mag- influence on the and azine is. more important the other articles. Context of pride: Pride is a UK monthly women’s lifestyle magazine that targets women of colour. • It has been in publication since 1990 and has a circulation of over 300 000 copies per month and a readership of over 146 000. • Pride is distributed in the UK by COMAG, part of Condé Nast. • It’s easy to see how people may mistake Pride for a gay magazine, as this word has become synony- mous with the gay community over recent decades. In fact, the modern gay movement has its roots in the black liberation movement of the 1960s with Gay Pride borrowing its name from Black Pride EXAM TIP: If asked to compare magazines