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Long Term Intervention Monitoring Project Generic Cause and Effect Diagrams Version 1.0 Long Term Intervention Monitoring Project Generic Cause and Effect Diagrams Version 1.0 Prepared by: The Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre MDFRC Publication 01.5/2013 May 2013 Insert report title here 1 Long Term Intervention Monitoring Project Generic Cause and Effect Diagrams Version 1.0 Final Report prepared for the Commonwealth Environmental Water Office by The Murray- Darling Freshwater Research Centre. Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities GPO Box 787 Canberra ACT 2601 Ph: (02) 6274 2657 The views and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Government or the Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure that the contents of this publication are factually correct, the Commonwealth does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the contents, and shall not be liable for any loss or damage that may be occasioned directly or indirectly through the use of, or reliance on, the contents of this publication. This report was prepared by The Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre (MDFRC). The aim of the MDFRC is to provide the scientific knowledge necessary for the management and sustained utilisation of the Murray-Darling Basin water resources. The MDFRC is a joint venture between the Murray-Darling Basin Authority, La Trobe University and CSIRO (through its Division of Land and Water). Additional investment is provided through the Australian Government Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. For further information contact: Ben Gawne The Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre PO Box 991 Wodonga Vic 3689 Ph: (02) 6024 9650; Fax: (02) 6059 7531 Email: [email protected] Web: www.mdfrc.org.au Enquiries: [email protected] Report Citation: MDFRC (2013) Long-term Intervention Monitoring - Generic Cause and Effect Diagrams Final Report prepared for the Commonwealth Environmental Water Office by The Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre, MDFRC Publication 01.5/2013, May, 163pp. Cover Image: Yellow-billed Spoonbill Platalea flavipes Photographer: Ben Gawne MDFRC Disclaimer: The material contained in this publication represents the opinion of the author only. Whilst every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this publication is accurate, the author and MDFRC do not accept any liability for any loss or damage howsoever arising whether in contract, tort or otherwise which may be incurred by any person as a result of any reliance or use of any statement in this publication. The author and MDFRC do not give any warranties in relation to the accuracy, completeness and up to date status of the information in this publication. Where legislation implies any condition or warranty which cannot be excluded restricted or modified such condition or warranty shall be deemed to be included provided that the author’s and MDFRC’s liability for a breach of such term condition or warranty is, at the option of MDFRC, limited to the supply of the services again or the cost of supplying the services again. Copyright in this publication remains with the Commonwealth. No part may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means without the prior permission of the Commonwealth. Document History and Status Version Date Issued Reviewed by Approved by Revision type Draft 8 March 2013 CEWO Penny External Everingham Draft 1 May 2013 Nina Penny External Schuuman Everingham Final 6 May 2013 Penny Ben Gawne Internal Everingham Distribution of Copies Version Quantity Issued to Final 1 x Word Doc Tim Wyndham and Leanne Wilkinson Filename and path: projects\CEWO\CEWH Long Term Monitoring Project\Final Reports\LTIM Logic and Rationale - Generic Cause Effect Diagrams Author(s): The Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre Project Manager: Ben Gawne Client: Commonwealth Environmental Water Office Project Title: Long Term Intervention Monitoring Project Document Version: Final Project Number: M/BUS/435 Contract Number: SON339925 Acknowledgements: MDFRC Staff Rhonda Butcher Shane Brookes Peter Cottingham Jenny Hale Mike Stewardson Heather McGinness CONTENTS Prelude ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 1 Landscape ecosystem diversity ................................................................................................................ 4 2 Landscape vegetation diversity .............................................................................................................. 14 3 Vegetation condition and reproduction ................................................................................................. 21 4 Vegetation recruitment and extent ........................................................................................................ 28 5 Within ecosystem macroinvertebrate diversity ...................................................................................... 37 6 Landscape fish diversity ......................................................................................................................... 41 7 Fish condition ......................................................................................................................................... 44 8 Fish reproduction ................................................................................................................................... 49 9 Fish larval growth and survival ............................................................................................................... 54 10 Landscape waterbird diversity .......................................................................................................... 62 11 Waterbird survival and condition ...................................................................................................... 67 12 Waterbird reproduction .................................................................................................................... 72 13 Waterbird recruitment and fledging .................................................................................................. 75 14 Other vertebrates reproduction, growth and survival ....................................................................... 80 15 Hydrological connectivity .................................................................................................................. 87 16 Biotic dispersal ................................................................................................................................ 101 17 Sediment transport ......................................................................................................................... 106 18 Primary production ......................................................................................................................... 111 19 Decomposition ................................................................................................................................ 116 20 Nutrient and carbon cycling ............................................................................................................ 121 21 Refugia and landscape refugia......................................................................................................... 126 22 Resistance and recovery .................................................................................................................. 133 23 Salinity ............................................................................................................................................ 139 24 Dissolved oxygen ............................................................................................................................. 147 25 PH ................................................................................................................................................... 150 26 Dissolved organic carbon ................................................................................................................ 155 27 Algal blooms ................................................................................................................................... 158 References ................................................................................................................................................... 163 KEY – CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAMS PRELUDE This document contains 27 generic cause and effect diagrams (CEDs) which form the basis of the LTIM Project ecological understanding. This document accompanies, and should be read in conjunction with the LTIM Logic and Rationale document (Gawne et al. 2013). Cause and effect diagrams The cause and effect diagrams (CEDs) are a simplified representation of the complex relationship between flow and ecological responses in freshwater aquatic systems. The CEDs do not attempt to explain all possible relationships or contain all possible factors that influence the specific objective, but try to simplify reality by containing only the most relevant information (Gross 2003). Each CED is a box and arrow diagram and a description of the relationship between flow and the nominated expected outcome. The objectives of the LTIM Project CEDs are to: Illustrate visually the key influence of flow on ecological variables identify important processes and variables identify key links
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