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Czechoslovak Protests Score Gains for Rights Response needed to attacks THE on Pathfinder Mural Page 14 A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF WORKING PEOPLE VOL. 53/NO. 46 DECEMBER 8, 1989 $1.00 El Salvador: represszon• Czechoslovak protests grows under score gains for rights military-run BY PETER THIERJUNG ized by factory strike committees. Some contingents raised demands that cor­ Czechoslovakia, a country in Eastern Eu­ Subway workers in Prague announced to rupt CP and government officials be brought rope of more than 15 million people, was passengers in advance of the strike their to justice. Airline workers demanded that the government almost completely shut down on November intention to honor it and provided informa­ CP give up its private fleet of 15 jets used to 27 as millions joined a two-hour walkout to tion about rallies. Only hospitals, nursing ferry top officials around the world. BY GREG McCARTAN press the Communist Party to give up its grip homes, food stores, and a few other enter­ One Communist Party official estimated Events in El Salvador over the past two on power. prises continued to operate. between 6 and 7 million people participated weeks underline the extent to which the ci­ This action and the massive protests lead­ Together with students, writers, artists, and in the strike. It was the first massive protest vilian government of Alfredo Cristiani, ing up to it have shattered the CP and the middle-class professionals, workers marched since Aug. 23, 1%8, when more than 2 elected last March, has increasingly come structures of Stalinist repression. For the first in contingents in the capital city, Prague; in million workers stopped work to protest the under the domination of the U.S.-financed time in 40 years the door to practicing politics Vysocany, Prague's industrial area; in Soviet-led invasion that crushed a popular military forces and right-wing death squads. has been opened for working people. Bratislava, the country's second largest city; reform movement On November 23 as new repressive legis­ At noon on the day of the general strike in the industrial centers of Bmo, Ostrava, and Bowing to the pressure, the regime an­ lation was being prepared, Cristiani and miners, firemen, brewery workers, steel­ Rosice; and other cities and towns. nounced that most forms of press censorship armed forces Chief of Staff Rene Emilio workers, machinists, oil workers, communi­ had been lifted. Deputy Prime Minister Ponce announced the 30-day state of siege cations workers, construction workers, air­ Insist on democratic rights Jaromir Zak also said on state TV that au­ would not be lifted before December 12. The line workers, bakers, auto workers, welders, Protesters carrying banners and the thorities had decided to drop from the draft measure, which suspended civil liberties and and others downed tools and stopped their Czechoslovak flag converged in main of a new constitution the long-standing article gave the military powers to arrest and hold machines. squares across the country to demand free codifying the CP's dominant role in govern­ people for almost any reason, was declared More than 900 factories and businesses elections and an end to the Communist ment. November 12 in response to the nationwide were idled across the country, and urban mass Party's monopoly on power. The protesters In negotiations the following day with military offensive by the Farabundo Marti transit was halted everywhere. Workers' par­ also insisted on guarantees of freedom of leaders of Civic Forum, the main opposition National Liberation Front (FMLN). ticipation in the strike activities was organ- assembly, speech, and the press. Continued on Page 5 The new legislation introduced in the Salvadoran Legislative Assembly by Cristiani 's party, the Nationalist Republican Alliance (Arena), makes it a crime to possess or distribute material deemed to "subvert the Machinists' strike at Eastern public order." Secretaries, printers, or sign painters who accept such work face up to two years in prison. The new laws also give the U.S.-backed solid Dec. 8 actions called government broad powers to ban protests, strikes, and meetings. The recent fighting, in which rebels occu­ pied areas of the largest cities in the country, was the fiercest and most extensive in the 10-year civil war. Government forces inflicted thousands of casualties on the civilian population by ma­ chine-gunning and bombing neighborhoods in cities across the country from U.S.-sup­ plied gunships and jets. While open combat in the capital of San Salvador has died down, fighting in other parts of the country contin­ ues. "We are back to a totalitarian govern­ ment," Geraldo LeChevalier said of the new restrictions. He is a senior member of the Christian Democratic Party, which governed the country from 1984-1989. The party ab­ stained from voting on the new laws. The repressive legislation passed 45-0. As soon as the new get-tough laws were announced, AI Dia, a widely respected news program, went off the air in protest. "It is one thing to censor news from the guerrillas, but it is another to censor all political expres­ sion," said Narciso Castillo, director of the Striking Eastern Machinists in Miami organized march of 1,000 November 19, one of many actions spearheaded by lAM strikers program. ''There are some forces in the coun- . in recent months. Pittston Coal strikers helped lead protest. On November 22 the pilots' association ended their sympathy strike at try who are trying to take advantage of the Eastern; flight attendants' union did so the next day. situation to impose a dictatorship." The FMLN, over its Radio Venceremos, BY SUSAN LaMONT Eastern Airlines remains solid, despite the did everything within our power to win a just restated its desire· "t<Y define an immediate Striking Machinists union members have decision by the pilots' association and flight war against a greedy and insensitive manage­ cease-fire." The rebels said they were willing called a "Stand Up to Lorenzo Day" for attendants' union to end their sympathy ment," said Eastern ALPA head Skip Cope­ Continued on Page 13 December 8 to show that their strike against strikes at the carrier. The events, sponsored land. ''The time has come now to go back, by the International Association of Machin­ help rebuild Eastern, and get on with our ists (lAM) and AFL-CIO, will take place at lives." airports or city ticket offices in Atlanta; Bos­ Officials of the Transport Workers Union Ortega hits Salvador regime for ton; Chicago; Cleveland; Denver; Houston; (TWU), which represents flight attendants, Los Angeles; Miami; Newark, New Jersey; followed suit the next day. suspending diplomatic relations New York; Philadelphia; and Washington, Pilots and flight attendants at Eastern had D.C. honored the lAM's picket lines since they In New York, Eastern lAM members are BY SETH GALINSKY At a November 27 meeting in Managua to walked out together March 4, grounding the also stepping up efforts to make the Decem­ MANAGUA, Nicaragua- Charges that commemorate five Jesuit priests murdered airline's operations. They had joined Machin­ ber 8 Labor Solidarity Benefit there a show ists on the picket lines and at rallies, caravans, the Nicaraguan government has been arming by the Salvadoran military, Ortega said Nic­ of strength by strikers. The benefit, hosted by Salvadoran guerrilla fighters are a pretext for aragua is not on trial and does not have to airport walk-throughs, and other strike activ­ lAM District I 00 and other unions, will be El Salvador's suspension of diplomatic rela­ "accept or reject" the accusation of involve­ ities for nearly nine months. the largest Eastern strike support event in tions with Nicaragua, President Daniel · Or­ ment in the arms shipment. The main issue Their return to work is a blow to the strike New York in several months. tega stated here. is not whether a plane carried arms, Ortega These actions reflect the overwhelming and an aid to Eastern's efforts to rebuild as a On November 25 the Salvadoran armed said, but that the Salvadoran regime "is vio­ nonunion carrier. reaction by the 8,500 striking Machinists to forces said a plane carrying surface-to-air lating human rights and assassinating the the pilots and flight attendants' return to missiles for the Farabundo Marti National people." Nothing should be allowed to divert 'Blow to solidarity' work: determination to continue fighting. Liberation Front (FMLN) had crashed near attention from that fact, he stated. During the evening of November 22, word the southeastern town of Usulutan. The army If Nicaragua were to break relations with The decision by the Air Line Pilots Asso­ began to filter onto airport picket lines and press office claimed the plane came from other countries because of "events like this," ciation (ALPA) Master Executive Council at into union halls that the pilots were ending Nicaragua. Continued on Page 10 Eastern was announced November 22. "We Contimaed on Page 10 'A common fight:...:Greensboro to Third World' Socialist campaign reaches working people in North Carolina especially Blacks and women. Working peo­ basis -for working people internationally were also frequently asked, What country in ple should not and will not accept these to join in a common fight. the world is an example of socialism? conditions without a fight, Hayes said. She During the campaign, Hayes kept working The socialist campaigners pointed to Cuba. pointed to the strikes by Eastern Airlines at her regular job at Cone Mills on the 7 :00 Cuba "has placed the fight for workers' rights workers and Pittston Coal miners as exam­ p.m. to 7:00a.m. shift. This meant she wasn't around the world at the top of its priority list," ples of resistance among workers.
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