Special Issue INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND December 2015 CULTURAL STUDIES ISSN 2356-5926 Sociological Study of History of the Tudeh Party from 1941 until 28 Mordad Military Coups in 1953 Mohammad Reza Saeidi Far* MA in Sociology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran *Corresponding Author
[email protected] Milad Jahantab MA in Sociology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran Abstract The aim of this study was sociological survey of history of Tudeh Party from 1941until the 28 Mordad military coup in 1953. After the fall of Reza Shah and the collapse of the twenty years Rezakhani tyranny, homeland political openness, again made it possible for Marxists survivor of the "CPI" along with "The Fifty-Three", the national elements and intellectual, to be freely the publisher of their long thoughts. Therefore, on the secound of October 1941 in the home of "Soleiman M. Eskandary" more than seventy of professional revolutionaries, communists, trade unionists, nationalist and liberal elements were assemble, to initiate new attempt on the Tudeh party. In the wake of the collapse of the dictatorship of Reza Shah in September 1941, Iran had the opportunity to achieve the revolution's ideals of democracy, sovereignty of law, social participation and political power. In this case, by taking advantage of the world situation, the political parties that are form of organized social forces and expressing desires and interests groups and social strata, emerged and took shape. The Tudeh Party of Iran was among the first parties, formed in political space of Iran that the conditions of its activity were provided, day after day expanded, and shortly became the most organized and widely party, was founded in Iran.