A POTENTIAL THREAT TO PUBLIC ARCHAEOLOGY • AMAZING GEOGLYPHS • PRESERVING SHERWOOD RANCH PUEBLO american archaeologyWINTER 2003-04 america quarterly publication of The Aranchaeological Conserarchaeologyvancy Vol. 7 No. 4 Caracol: Archaeology Serves Tourism 34> $3.95 7525274 91765 archaeological tours led by noted scholars superb itineraries, unsurpassed service For the past 29 years, Archaeological Tours has been arranging specialized tours for a discriminating clientele. Our tours feature distinguished scholars who stress the historical, anthropological and archaeological aspects of the areas visited. We offer a unique opportunity for tour participants to see and understand historically important and culturally significant areas of the world. Trevor Marchand in Central Asia THE SPLENDORS OF ANCIENT EGYPT CHINA’S LIVING LANDSCAPES: BULGARIA & ROMANIA An in-depth tour of ancient Egypt, begins with six days Sacred Mountains & The Yangtze River (Ancient Peoples of the Danube Valley) in Cairo, a visit to Tanis in the Delta and the collapsed This unique tour encompasses one of China’s most While studying the complicated history of the many pyramid of Meydum and Roman Karanis in the Faiyum sacred Buddhist mountains, Emeishan, and most peoples who have occupied the lands along the Oasis. With five full days in Luxor we will have a thorough beautiful, Huangshan. Highlights include the terra-cotta Danube River, we will visit Neolithic villages and tombs, exploration of the temples and tombs of Thebes, army of the First Emperor and archaeological splendors in fortified Dacian citadels and marvelously carved and Dendera and Abydos before a five-day Nile cruise on the Xian, Beijing’s Forbidden City, Dazu’s fabulous grottoes painted Thracian tombs. We will see great monuments deluxe Oberoi Philae. The tour concludes with three carved with thousands of Buddhas, the newly installed and cities built by the Romans, fabulous Byzantine days in Aswan, the Nubian Museum and Abu Simbel. Shanghai Museum — plus four days sailing on the churches and World Heritage monasteries, as well as FEBRUARY6 – 25, 2004 20 DAYS Yangtze River and through the famous Three Gorges. uniquely Ottoman architecture. But our most amazing Led by Dr. Robert S. Bianchi, Egyptologist MAY1 – 21, 2004 21 DAYS discoveries will be in the museums, where the art and NOVEMBER 2 – 21, 2004 Led by Prof. Robert Thorp, Washington University artifacts of these diverse peoples are displayed, Led by Prof.Lanny Bell, Brown University including the remarkable 6,000-year-old gold of Varna. SICILY & SOUTHERN ITALY Our tour is completed with visits to the charming BYZANTINE TO BAROQUE Touring includes the Byzantine and Norman wooden and painted churches in northern Romania. As we travel from Assisi to Venice, this spectacular tour monuments of Palermo, the Roman Villa in Casale, MAY 24 – JUNE 12, 2004 20 DAYS will offer a unique opportunity to observe the unique for its 37 rooms floored with exquisite mosaics, Led by Dr. Mattanyah Zohar, Hebrew University development of art and history in both the Eastern and Phoenician Motya and the classical sites of Segesta, Western Christian worlds. We begin with four days in Selinunte, Agrigento and Siracusa — plus, on the SCOTLAND AND ITS ISLANDS Assisi, including a day trip to medieval Cortona. We mainland, Paestum, Pompeii, Herculaneum and the This new tour explores the fascinating prehistoric and then continue to Arezzo, Padua and Ravenna, ending incredible "Bronzes of Riace." early Christian sites scattered throughout the Scottish with three glorious days in Venice, gateway to the MAY 29 – JUNE 14, 2004 17 DAYS countryside. Our touring will span thousands of years Orient. Throughout we will experience the sources of Led by Prof. Blaise Nagy, College of the Holy Cross as we study Stone and Bronze Age monuments and visual inspiration for a thousand years of art while artifacts, Celtic remains and medieval castles. Tour sampling the food and drink that have enhanced the OCTOBER 9 – 25, 2004 17 DAYS Led by Prof.Barbara Barletta, University of Florida highlights include the enigmatic megalithic Stones of Italian world since it was the center of the Roman Empire. Calanish on the Isle of Lewis, the Machrie Moor MARCH 3 – 14, 2004 12 DAYS CYPRUS, CRETE & SANTORINI ceremonial landscape on the Isle of Arran, fascinating Led by Prof. Ori Z. Soltes, Georgetown University This tour examines the maritime civilizations linking pre- carved Pictish menhirs, Edinburgh and Glasgow, and the and ancient Greek and Roman cultures with the East. many Neolithic sites on the Orkney and Shetland Islands. MAYA SUPERPOWERS After a seven-day tour of Cyprus and five days JUNE 30 – JULY 18, 2004 19 DAYS This exciting tour examines the ferocious political explorating Minoan Crete, we sail to Santorini to visit Led by Dr. Mattanyah Zohar, Hebrew University struggles between the Maya superpowers in the Late Thera and Akrotiri. The tour ends in Athens and a visit Classical period including bitter antagonism between to Mycenae and Tiryns. Throughout, there will be time THE ANCIENT KINGDOM OF TIBET Tikal in northern Guatemala and Calakmul across the to enjoy the lovely beaches and countryside. As we traverse Tibet’s spectacular mountain passes border in Mexico. New roads will allow us to visit these and lush valleys, visits will be made to the famous ancient cities, as well as Copan in Honduras, Lamanai MAY9 – 27, 2004 19 DAYS Led by Dr. Robert S. Bianchi,Archaeologist monasteries, temples and tombs around Lhasa, Tsdang, and the large archaeological project at Caracol in Belize Gyantse and Shigatse. We will be introduced to the many and Kohunlich and Edzna in Mexico. The tour will also ANCIENT CITIES OF MARITIME TURKEY orders of Tibetan Buddhism, its art and architecture, and provide opportunities to see the still-pristine tropical forest Never far from the sea, this unusual tour begins in Izmir observe the solemnity of monks at study and prayer. in the Maya Biosphere Reserves. Our adventure ends in Throughout we will be drawn to Tibet's colorful markets colonial Campeche, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. and continues along the Mediterranean and Aegean coasts, exploring the ancient cities and sites in Karia, and enchanted by the warmth of its people. MARCH 12 – 28, 2004 17 DAYS Lycia, and Pamphylia. We will visit three of the Seven JULY 15 – AUGUST 1, 2004 18 DAYS NOVEMBER 12 – 28, 2004 Wonders of the Ancient World as well as the ancient Led by Prof.Gregory Hillis,University of California Led by Prof. John Henderson, Cornell University cities on northern Cyprus and the Greek islands of Kos and Samos ending with two days in Istanbul. ADDITIONAL TOURS MALTA, SARDINIA & CORSICA MAY 27 – JUNE 16, 2004 21 DAYS Thailand; Central Asia; Brittany; Morocco; Georgia & This unusual tour will explore the ancient civilizations of Led by Prof. Robert Stieglitz, Rutgers University Armenia; Prehistoric Caves of Spain & France; these three islands. Tour highlights include immense Portugal; Peru; No. India; Khmer Kingdoms...and more megalithic temples on Malta, Sardinia’s unique SILK ROAD OF CHINA nuraghes, and the mysterious cult sites on Corsica, as As we trace the fabled Silk Road from Xian to Kashgar well as the ancient remains of the Phoenicians, we will visit the remote Hotan oasis, famed for its jade and Romans, Greeks and Crusader knights. The islands’ silk, Ürümqi, the fascinating Sunday bazaar at Kashgar wild and beautiful settings and their wonderful cuisines and the caravan oasis of Turfan. Highlights include will enhance our touring of these archaeological sites. Labrang’s Tibetan monastery, Dunhuang’s spectacular APRIL 28 – MAY 15, 2004 18 DAYS mural and sculpture grottoes, Buddhist caves at Binglingsi Led by Dr. Mattanyah Zohar, Hebrew University and the fine museum at Lanzhou, ending in Beijing. MAY 26 – JUNE 16, 2004 21 DAYS NEW Led by Prof. James Millward,Georgetown University american archaeology a quarterly publication of The Archaeological Conservancy Vol. 7 No. 4 winter 2003-04 COVER FEATURE 12 ARCHAEOTOURISM PROJECT BY MICHAEL BAWAYA A major project by the government of Belize aims to boost tourism while ARCHAEOLOGICAL preserving the Maya’s handiwork. C A R A C O L C H A S E , 20 AN ATTEMPT AT UTOPIA? A R L E N BY DEBRA GALANT A N D The historical record indicates Feltville was a 19th-century utopian community. An archaeological investigation is challenging that notion. D I A N E 27 THE POTENTIAL THREAT OF A-76 44 new acquisition BY ELIZABETH WOLF IN MEMORYOF THE What are the consequences of a Bush administration initiative to MONONGAHELA outsource federal archaeology jobs? The Conservancy saves a prehistoric site threatened by urban sprawl and mining. 32 A CLOSE LOOK AT GEOGLYPHS BY TAMARA STEWART 45 new acquisition These fascinating images, found in the Western desert, are believed DEVELOPER DONATES to be as much as 12,000 years old. PREHISTORIC SITE IN CALIFORNIA 38 THE PRESERVATION OF SHERWOOD RANCH PUEBLO The Amador site is an example of how BY KATHLEEN BRYANT archaeology and development can co-exist. Preservation is a crucial, if challenging, component of archaeology. The Conservancy used its expertise to protect this Mogollon site. 46 new acquisition PROTECTING CADDOAN MOUNDS Researchers will be able to study this Lay of the Land 2 habitation site. 3 Letters 47 point acquisition 5 Events A PICTURE OF 19th-CENTURY 7 In the News INDUSTRY Aleutian Island Site Amazes The Conservancy acquires a Researchers • Earliest Evidence well-preserved tannery. of Mexican Warfare Found in 48 point acquisition Oaxaca • Ancient Maya Altar FORTY-THOUSAND-YEAR-OLD Recovered TOOLS? 50 Field Notes The Conservancy obtains a site that could have extremely ancient Paleo-Indian artifacts. 52 Reviews LINDAHL 54 Expeditions L A R R Y COVER: Caracol, Belize’s largest Maya site, features a number of impressive structures. Structure A6, which is part of an astronomical complex, is seen here.