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Green Paper the Lancaster Sound Region

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Green Paper The Lancaster Sound Region: 1980-2000 Issues and Options on the Use and Management of the Region Lancaster Sound Regional Study H.J. Dirschl Project Manager January 1982 =Published under the authority of the Hon. John C. Munro, P.C., M.P., Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, Ottawa, 1981. 05-8297-020-EE-A1 Catalogue No. R72-164/ 1982E ISBN 0-662-11869 Cette publication peut aussi etre obtenue en francais. Preface In the quest for a "best plan" for Lancaster Sound criticisms. This feedback is discussed in detail in a and its abundant resources, this public discussion recently puolished report by the workshop chairman. paper seeks to stimulate a continued. wide-ranging, Professor Peter Jacobs, entitled People. Resources examination of the issues involved in the future use and the Environment: Perspectives on the Use and and management of this unique area of the Canadian Management of the Lancaster Sound Region. All the Arctic. input received during the public review phase has been taken into consideration in the preparation of the The green paper is the result of more than two years final green paper. of work by the Northern Affairs Program of the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern From the beginning of the study, it was expected that Development, in co-operation with the government of to arrive at an overall consensus of the optimum fu­ the Northwest Territories and the federal departments ture use and management of the Lancaster Sound of Energy, Mines and Resources, Environment. region would require intensive public discussion fol­ Fisheries and Oceans. and Transport. The working lowing the release of the green paper. Greatly diver­ group set up to conduct the study first assembled a gent views held by different sectors of the public will data base in the form of a data atlas and a series of have to be assessed and balanced during this final technical background papers. A synthesis of this infor­ stage. mation. together with an analysis of the issues. was presented to the public as a draft green paper, re­ To foster this discussion, the green paper presents a leased by the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern series of specific resource use options for Lancaster Development, the Honourable John C. Munro. at Sound; it also outlines alternative approaches to a Frobisher Bay in February 1981. regional planning mechanism. The reaction of the public to these options will have a significant influence In the months that followed, an extensive public re­ on the decisions that the Minister of Indian Affairs and view of the issues involved open meetings in the four Northern Development and his Cabinet colleagues will Lancaster Sound communities and public workshops make on the region. in Resolute and Ottawa. These were well attended, and representatives of all interests in the Lancaster There is clearly a need to establish an ongoing Sound area - Inuit, government, industry. conser­ process of regional planning for Lancaster Sound that vationists. public interest groups and concerned indi­ will include meaningful participation by the Inuit resi­ viduals - provided valuable and necessary contri­ dents. The recent initiation by the department of a pro­ butions in the form of viewpoints. suggestions and gram for comprehensive land use planning north of 3 60° is expected to lead to the implementation of such a process in the Lancaster Sound region, and other areas of the North where decisions on resource devel­ opment activities are urgent. As the details of this pro­ gram have not yet been put into place, some interim steps are proposed to facilitate the early introduction of effective regional planning. Public awareness of the complex issues faced in Lancaster Sound and throughout the Arctic has been heightened by the Lancaster Sound Regional Study. Southern Canadians now are more familiar with the concerns of the region's Inuit residents, while the Inuit have had an opportunity to become more knowledge­ able of the broader national and international issues bearing on many decisions about the future of the re­ gion. The increased familiarity with each others' views and perspectives that this study has given to the dif­ ferent sectors of the concerned public has led to a greater willingness to seek solutions jointly. This greatly improved climate for planning and decision­ making should be considered a significant step in the evolution of a "best plan" for the future of this mag­ nificent arctic region. Herman J. Dirschl, Allan H. Jones, Project Manager, A/Chairman, Lancaster Sound Steering Committee Regional Study 4 Summary Lancaster Sound, a magnificent part of Canada's high cialists from the participating departments and several Arctic, poses a great challenge to Canadians in plan­ outside consultants, adopted a regional planning ap­ ning for the future uses of the country's natural re­ proach to identify and analyze the significant issues sources. Ecologically, the Sound is possibly the bearing on the future uses of the region, and to set richest, most productive area in the entire Arctic. It is the stage for comprehensive planning. A detailed data also the entrance to the Northwest Passage, and is base, summarizing the present state of knowledqe of thus a potential transit route for increased shipping if Lancaster Sound as it relates to regional planning, industrial development of any kind proceeds in the was assembled. It consisted of a data atlas dealing Arctic. Since the Sound also has a hydrocarbon po­ with the region's physical and biological characteris­ tential of its own, important decisions have to be tics and renewable resource use patterns and illus­ made about the safety of possible oil and gas explora­ trating present and potential industrial and commercial tion and development there, as Canada pursues its activities. Five background reports, containing 12 indi­ national objective of energy self-sufficiency. Weighing vidual papers that provided more detailed information heavily in the balance of considerations for future uses on these subjects, completed the data base. A synthe­ of Lancaster Sound are the interests of the Inuit who sis of this information, together with an analysis of the continue to depend on the area's abundant biological issues, was produced by the working group in the resources. form of a draft green paper. All material was made available in English, French and lnuktitut. An Environmental Assessment and Review Process (EARP) panel, deliberating on a proposal to drill in the The purpose of the draft green paper was to stlrnolate Sound, concluded that a meaningful assessment public participation in the identification of issues and could not be made in isolation from the broader issues the subsequent formulation of options for the planning affecting the region. The Minister of Indian Affairs and and use of the Lancaster Sound region. An answer Northern Development accepted the recommendation was sought to the question: "What do you believe that a comprehensive review of these issues be un­ would be our best plan for Lancaster Sound?" dertaken, and the Lancaster Sound Regional Study was established by the department in conjunction with Release of the draft green paper in February 1981 by the government of the Northwest Territories and the the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern federal departments of Energy, Mines and Resources, Development was followed by an extensive public re­ Environment, Fisheries and Oceans, and Transport. view phase with meetings and workshops held in the North and the South. The viewpoints expressed by the An interdisciplinary working group, consisting of spe- public during this phase clarified many issues and re- 5 suited in a number of recommendations that have trial development. The options are: been considered in the preparation of this report. The No new development of any kind, including conser­ final green paper is intended to foster continued dis­ Relative priorities for the delineation and development vation and renewable resource development, or ex­ cussion, focussing on the resource use options pre­ of Canada's offshore hydrocarbon potential have not pansion of existing activities would be permitted for sented and the regional planning process. yet been established by government, but spokesmen the forseeable future, or until changing social, eco­ stress that hydrocarbon exploration at any cost has nomic or conservation requirements necessitated re­ Concerns and Issues never been its policy. evaluation of this option. One of the major concerns identified by the Lancaster Sound Regional Study pertains to the environment Much of the public attention focusses on the issues Protection of the environment and biological resources and its continued use by the Inuit. The Sound's bio­ underlying the development and political evolution of would be assured before further resource use projects logical productivity is of global significance and the the North. In view of the ongoing land claim negotia­ are permitted. A comprehensive strategy matching area will require comprehensive protection measures. tions, the pace and timing of development is a major conservation requirements with appropriate levels of The Inuit, fearing the boom-and-bust effects of non­ issue for Inuit, government and industry alike. protection would be designed and implemented. renewable resource exploitation, would prefer a stable Meaningful participation by local people in planning economy based on renewable resource use. Inuit are and decision-making and the potentially unequal distri­ Development of the renewable resource base would very concerned about the environmental risks of year­ bution of social costs and benefits from development support the long-term economic requirements of the round shipping of liquefied natural gas (LNG) and oil, are major issues affecting the continued ability of the Inuit in a manner more compatible with their traditional and the possible effects of such shipping on the ani­ Inuit to choose their own lifestyle. pursuits and with the protection of the environment.
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