AA53CH11-Winn ARI 16 July 2015 14:41 The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems Joshua N. Winn1 and Daniel C. Fabrycky2 1Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139; email:
[email protected] 2Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; email:
[email protected] Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2015. 53:409–47 Keywords First published online as a Review in Advance on exoplanets, extrasolar planets, orbital properties, planet formation Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2015.53:409-447. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org June 18, 2015 Access provided by State University of New York - Stony Brook on 08/28/17. For personal use only. The Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics is Abstract online at astro.annualreviews.org The basic geometry of the Solar System—the shapes, spacings, and orienta- This article’s doi: tions of the planetary orbits—has long been a subject of fascination as well as 10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122246 inspiration for planet-formation theories. For exoplanetary systems, those Copyright c 2015 by Annual Reviews. same properties have only recently come into focus. Here we review our cur- All rights reserved rent knowledge of the occurrence of planets around other stars, their orbital distances and eccentricities, the orbital spacings and mutual inclinations in multiplanet systems, the orientation of the host star’s rotation axis, and the properties of planets in binary-star systems. 409 AA53CH11-Winn ARI 16 July 2015 14:41 1. INTRODUCTION Over the centuries, astronomers gradually became aware of the following properties of the Solar System: The Sun has eight planets, with the four smaller planets (Rp = 0.4–1.0R⊕) interior to the four larger planets (3.9–11.2 R⊕).