sign in sign up
<<
Home , Bob Harras, Marvel Age, Marvel Super Hero Island, Star Comics

Marvel comics

Continue Company that publishes comics and related media This article is about the company using this name from 1961. For the previous comic book series, see Mystery Comics. Marvel ComicsParent companyMarvel Entertainment, LLCStatusActiveFounded1939; 81 years ago (1939) (as )1947; 73 years ago (1947) (as )1961; 59 years ago (1961) (under the name )FounderMartin GoodmanCountry of originUnited StatesHeadquarters location135 W. 50th Street, New York CityDistributionDiamond Comic DistributorsHachette Client Services[1]Key peopleC. B. Cebulski (EIC)John Nee (Editor) (Former EIC, Editor, Writer)Publication typesComics/See List of Marvel Comics publicationsFiction genres Superhero Science Fiction Adventure Imprintsimprint listOfficial websitewww.marvel.com Marvel Comics is the brand name and primary imprint of Marvel Worldwide Inc., formerly Marvel Publishing, Inc. and Marvel Comics Group, a publisher of American comic books. In 2009, acquired , the parent company of Marvel Worldwide. Marvel was launched in 1939 by Martin Goodman under a number of companies and footprints, but now known as Timely Comics,[2] and in 1951 had generally become known as . The Marvel era began in 1961, the year the company launched The and other superhero titles created by Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, and many others. The Marvel brand, which had been used over the years, has been solidified as the company's main brand. Marvel's characters include well-known superheroes such as Spider-Man, , , , , Ant-Man, the Wasp, Black Widow, , Captain Marvel, Black Panther, Doctor Strange, Ghost Rider, Blade, Daredevil, the Punisher and . Superhero teams exist such as the , X-Men, Fantastic Four and Guardians of the Galaxy as well as supervillains like , , Thanos, Loki, , , Red Skull, Ultron, Mandarin, MODOK, , Kang, Dormammu, Annihilus and Galactus. Most of Marvel's fictional characters operate in a single reality known as the , with most places reflecting real locations; many of the main characters are based in New York. In addition, Marvel has released several properties under license from other companies. This includes The comics twice from 1977 to 1986 and again since 2015. History Timely Publications Main article: Timely Comics Marvel Comics #1 (Oct. 1939), the first Marvel comic time forerunner Timely Comics. Frank R. Paul's pocket. The publisher of pulp, Martin Goodman, later founded the company known as Marvel Comics as Timely Publications in 1939. [4] Goodman, which had begun with a western pulp in 1933, stretched into the by then already very popular, new way of comics. Launching his new line from his company's offices at 330 West 42nd Street, , he officially held the titles of editor, editor and business manager, with Abraham Goodman (Martin's brother)[6] officially registered as publisher. Timely's first publication, Marvel Comics #1 (cover dated October 1939), included the first appearance of Carl Burgos' android superhero, , and the first appearances of Bill Everett's anti-hero the Sub-Mariner,[7] among other features. [7]. [4] The issue was a great success; it and a second print the following month sold nearly 900,000 copies. [8] Although its content came from an external packer, Funnies, Inc.[4] Timely had its own staff in place the following year. The company's first true publisher, writer-artist , teamed up with artist Jack Kirby to create one of the first patriotic- themed superheroes,[9] Captain America, in Captain America Comics #1 (March 1941). It was also a success, with sales of nearly one million. Goodman formed Timely Comics, Inc., beginning with comics in April 1941 or the spring of 1941. [2] Although no other timely character achieves the success of these three characters, some notable heroes, many of whom continue to appear in modern retcon apparitions and flashbacks, include the Whizzer, Miss America, the Destroyer, the Original and the Angel. [ Timely also released one of cartoonist Basil Wolverton's best-known feature films, Powerhouse Pepper[11][12] as well as a line of children's comics featuring characters such as Super Rabbit and the duo Ziggy Pig and Silly Seal. Goodman hired his wife's cousin,[13] Stanley Lieber, as general office assistant in 1939. When publisher Simon left the company at of 1941,[15] Goodman made lieber — by writing pseudonymously as Stan Lee — acting editor of the comic line, a position Lee held for decades, except for three years during his military service during World War II. [15] Lee has written extensively for Timely, contributing to a number of different titles. Goodman's business strategy was to have his various magazines and comics published by a number of companies, all operating from the same office and with the same staff. [2] One of those screen companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55 (May 1944). In addition, some comic book covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12 1946-1947), were labeled A Marvel Magazine many years before Goodman would officially adopt the name in 1961. Atlas Comics Main Article: Atlas Comics (1950s) The American postwar comic book market has seen superheroes fall out of fashion. [17] Goodman's comic line has abandoned them for the most part and has expanded into a wider variety of genres than even had published, featuring horror, westerns, humor, funny animal, adventure of men-drama, giant monster, crime, and war comics, and later the addition of jungle books, romance titles, espionage, and even medieval adventure, biblical stories and sports. Goodman began using the globe logo of the Atlas News Company, the newsstand distribution company he owned,[18] on the comic strip dated November 1951, although another company, Kable News, continued to distribute his comics through the August 1952 issues. [19] This brand globe has united a line put by the same publisher, staff and freelancers across 59 screen companies, from Aanimirth Comics to Zenith Publications. Atlas, rather than innovating, has taken a tried and tested path to follow popular trends in television and movies - westerns and war dramas that prevail for a while, drive-in movie monsters another time - and even other comics, especially the EC's horror line. Atlas also publishes a plethora of children's and teens' comedy titles, including Dan DeCarlo's Homer the Happy Ghost (similar to Casper the Friendly Ghost) and Homer Hooper (at Archie Andrews). Atlas tried unsuccessfully to revive the superheroes of late 1953 in mid-1954, with the human torch (art of Syd Shores and Dick Ayers, variously), the Sub-Mariner (drawn and most stories written by Bill Everett), and Captain America (writer Stan Lee, artist John Romita Sr.). Atlas has not been successful and, according to Stan Lee, Atlas has survived mainly because he has produced works quickly, cheaply and at a fair quality. The Fantastic Four #1 (November 1961). Jack Kirby's pocket (pencil) and unreased inker. The first modern comics under the Marvel Comics brand were the sci-fi anthology Journey into Mystery #69 and the title of the teen humor Patsy Walker #95 (both covers dated June 1961), which each displayed an MC box on its cover. Then, in the wake of DC Comics' success in reviving superheroes in the late 1950s and early 1960s, especially with the Flash, Green Lantern, Batman, Superman, Wonder Woman, Green Arrow and other members of the of America team, Marvel followed suit. [No. 1] In 1961, writer-editor Stan Lee revolutionized superhero comics by introducing superheroes designed to appeal to older readers than the medium's mostly childish audience, ushering in what Marvel later called the of comics. Modern Marvel's first superhero team, the stars holding the Fantastic Four #1 (November broke the convention with other comic book archetypes of the time by bickering, holding deep and petty grudges, and avoiding anonymity or secret identities in favor of celebrity status. Subsequently, marvel comics developed a reputation for focusing on characterization and adult issues to a greater extent than most superhero comics before them, a quality that the new generation of readers appreciated. This applies to The Amazing Spider-Man title in particular, which turned out to be Marvel's most successful book. His young hero suffered from self-doubt and worldly problems like any other teenager, something that many readers could relate to. Stan Lee and the independent and eventual co-plotter artist Jack Kirby's Fantastic Four was born out of a Cold War culture that led their creators to revise the superhero conventions of previous eras to better reflect the psychological spirit of their age. [27] Avoiding these comic book tropes as secret identities and even early costumes, having a monster as one of the heroes, and having his characters bicker and complain in what was later called a uper-hero in the er world, the series represented a change that turned out to be a great success. Marvel often featured imperfect superheroes, monsters and misfits, unlike the perfect, handsome and athletic heroes found in previous traditional comics. Some Marvel heroes looked like villains and monsters such as hulk and the thing. This naturalistic approach has even extended to current policy. Comic historian Mike Benton also noted: In the world of Superman comics [DC Comics rivals], communism did not exist. Superman rarely crossed national borders or got involved in political conflicts. From 1962 to 1965, there were more communists [in Marvel Comics] than on Pravda's subscription list. Communist agents attack Ant-Man in his lab, the red minions jump the Fantastic Four on the moon, and the Viet Cong guerrillas take pot shots at Iron Man. [30] All of these elements have struck a chord with older readers, including college-aged adults. In 1965, Spider-Man and Hulk were both featured in Esquire magazine's list of 28 heroes on the university campus, alongside John F. Kennedy and Bob Dylan. In 2009, writer Geoff Boucher reflected that Superman and DC Comics seemed instantly boring old Pat Boone; Marvel felt like the Beatles and the British invasion. It was Kirby's work with her tension and psychedelia that made her perfect for the time, or was it Lee's bravado and melodrama, which was somehow precarious and cheeky at the same time? In addition to Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four, Marvel began releasing other superhero titles featuring heroes and antiheroes such as Hulk, Thor, Ant-Man, Iron Man, the X-Men, Daredevil, the Inhumans, Black Panther, Doctor Strange, Captain Marvel and the , and antagonists like Doctor Doom, Magneto, Galactus, Loki, the Green Goblin, and Doctor Octopus, all existing in a common reality like the Marvel , with places that reflect real cities like New York, Los Angeles and Chicago. Marvel even lampooned himself and other comic book companies in a parody comic strip, Not Brand Ehhh (a play about the dubbing of Other Marvel companies like Brand Brand Mark X). [33] Cover of The Avengers #4 (Mar, 1964), with the return of Captain America. Art by Jack Kirby. Cadence Industries owned In 1968, while selling 50 million comics a year, the founder of the Company Goodman revised the binding distribution agreement with Independent News that he had reached under duress during the Atlas years, allowing him to release as many titles as the justified demand. At the end of that year, he sold Marvel Comics and its parent company, Magazine Management, to perfect film and chemical corporation, with Goodman remaining as publisher. In 1969, Goodman terminated his distribution contract with Independent by signing with Curtis Circulation Company. In 1971, the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare approached Stan Lee, editor-in-chief of Marvel Comics, to make a comic story about drug abuse. Lee agreed and wrote a three-part Spider-Man story depicting drug use as dangerous and uns glamorous. However, the industry's self-censorship board, the Comics Code Authority, refused to approve the story because of the presence of narcotics, deeming the context of the story irrelevant. Lee, with Goodman's approval, published the story independently in The Amazing Spider-Man #96-98 (May-July 1971), without the Comics Code seal. The market responded well to history, and the CCA subsequently revised the Code that year. Goodman retired in 1972 and moved his son, Chip, as publisher. Soon after, Lee succeeded him as publisher and became president of Marvel for a brief period. During his time as president, he appointed his deputy editor, the prolific writer , as editor-in-chief. Thomas added Stan Lee Presents to the opening page of each comic book. [36] Howard the Duck #8 (January 1977). Cover of Gene Colan and Steve Leialoha A series of new editors oversaw the company for another slow period for the industry. Once again, Marvel has tried to diversify, and with the updated Code of Comics published titles on the theme of horror (The Tomb of Dracula), martial arts (Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu), sword and witchcraft (Conan the Barbarian in 1970,[38] Red Sonja), satire (Howard the Duck) and science fiction (2001: A Space Odyssey, A Space Odyssey, Killraven in Amazing Adventures, Battlestar Galactica, Star Trek, and, at the end of the decade, the long Star Wars series). Some of them have been published in larger black-and-white magazines, under his Curtis Magazines imprint. Marvel has capitalized on its hit superhero comics decade ago by acquiring a new newsstand distributor and greatly expanding its range of comics. Marvel outpaced rival DC Comics in 1972, at a time when the price and format of standard comic book kiosks were changing. [39] Goodman increased the price and size of Marvel Marvel 1971 comics with 15 cents cover for 36 pages total at 25 cents for 52 pages. DC followed suit, but Marvel the following month dropped its comics to 20 cents for 36 pages, offering a cheap product with a higher distributor discount. In 1973, Perfect Film and Chemical renamed itself Cadence Industries and renamed Magazine Management a marvel comics group. Goodman, now disconnected from Marvel, created a new company called Seaboard Periodicals in 1974, reviving Marvel's old atlas name for a new Atlas Comics line, but it only lasted a year and a half. In the mid-1970s, a decline in the newsstand distribution network affected Marvel. Cult hits such as Howard the Duck have been the victims of distribution problems, with some titles reporting low sales when in fact the first specialty comic book stores resold them at a later date. [citation needed] But by the end of the decade, Marvel's fortune was revived, thanks to the rise of direct market distribution, selling through those same comic shops instead of newsstands. Marvel ventured into audio in 1975 with a radio series and a record, both of which had Stan Lee as narrators. The radio series was Fantastic Four. The record was Spider-Man: Rock Reflections of a Superhero concept album for music fans. Marvel Super Heroes Secret Wars #1 (May 1984). Mike Zeck's cover depicting Captain America, Wolverine, , Hawkeye, , She-Hulk, The Thing, Colossus, Monica Rambeau, Nightcrawler, Spider-Man, Human Torch, Hulk, Iron Man and . Marvel held its own comic book convention, Marvelcon '75, in the spring of 1975, and promised a Marvelcon '76. At the 1975 event, Stan Lee used a Fantastic Four roundtable to announce that Jack Kirby, the artist co-creator of most of Marvel's iconic characters, was back at Marvel after leaving in 1970 to work for rival . In October 1976, Marvel, which had already authorized reprints in various countries, including the United Kingdom, created a superhero specifically for the British market. made his debut exclusively in the UK, and later appeared in American comics. Meanwhile, Marvel and the Iowa-based Register and Tribune Syndicate released a number of syndicated comics — The Amazing Spider-Man, Howard the Duck, Conan the Barbarian and The Incredible Hulk. None of the tapes lasted 1982, with the exception of The Amazing Spider-Man, which is still being released. In 1978, became editor-in-chief of Marvel. Although a controversial personality, Shooter many procedural ailments at Marvel, including repeatedly missed deadlines. During the nine years of Shooter Game as Editor-in-Chief, and 's Race on the Uncanny X-Men and 's Race on Daredevil became a critical and commercial success. [47] Shooter has brought Marvel into the fast-changing direct market,[48] creator royalties, starting with the print for designer-owned material in 1982; introduces crossover story arcs across the company with Contest of Champions and Secret Wars; and in 1986 launched the ultimately unsuccessful line to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Marvel Comics footprint. , a children's-focused line that differs from regular Marvel titles, was a brief success during this period. Owned by Marvel Entertainment Group In 1986, Marvel's parent company, Marvel Entertainment Group, was sold to New World Entertainment, which sold it to MacAndrews and Forbes, owned by Revlon CEO Ronald Perelman, in 1989. In 1991, Perelman made MEG public. Following the rapid increase in this stock, Perelman issued a series of junk bonds that he used to acquire other entertainment companies, guaranteed by MEG shares. The Marvel logo, circa 1990s. Marvel made a lot of money with their 1980s children's comics printing Star Comics and they earned a lot more money and success worldwide during the comic boom of the early 1990s, the launch of the hit 2099 comic book line set in the future (Spider-Man 2099, etc.) and the creative but commercially unsuccessful imprint of superhero comics created by novelist and filmmaker Clive Barker. [50] In 1990, Marvel began selling Marvel Universe cards with trading card manufacturer SkyBox International. These were collectible cards that featured characters and events from the Marvel universe. The 1990s saw the rise of variant covers, roofing improvements, swimsuit problems and company-wide crossovers that affected the overall continuity of the Marvel universe. Spider-Man #1, later renamed Peter Parker: Spider-Man (August 1990; second impression). Todd McFarlane's clutch. Marvel suffered a blow in early 1992, when seven of its most prized artists - Todd McFarlane (known for his work on Spider-Man), Jim Lee (X-Men), (X-Force), Marc Silvestri (Wolverine ), Erik Larsen (The Amazing Spider-Man), Jim Valentino (Guardians of the Galaxy), and Whilce Portacio (Uncanny X-Men) - left to form Image Comics[52] in a deal negotiated by owner Scott Rosenberg Mitchell. Three years later, Rosenberg sold Malibu to Marvel on November 3, 1994,[55][55] which acquired the standard of reference for computer coloring of comics (developed by Rosenberg) in the process,[57] but also the integration of the into The Marvel Multiverse and the Genesis universe. In late 1994, Marvel acquired comic book distributor Heroes World Distribution to use it as its own exclusive distributor. [58] As the other major publishers in the industry have exclusive distribution agreements with other companies, the ripple effect has resulted in the survival of only one other major distributor in North America, Diamond Comic Distributors Distributors Then, by the middle of the decade, the industry had collapsed and in December 1996 MEG filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection application. In early 1997, when Marvel's Heroes World failed, Diamond also entered into an exclusive agreement with Marvel[61] — giving the company its own section of its Previews comic book catalog. In 1996, Marvel featured some of its titles in Heroes Reborn, a crossover that allowed Marvel to revive some of its key characters such as the Avengers and the Fantastic Four, and outsource them to the studios of two of the former Marvel artists who became founders of Image Comics, Jim Lee and Rob Liefeld. The revived titles, which saw the characters transported into a parallel universe with a separate story from the mainstream Marvel universe, were a solid success in the midst of a generally struggling industry,[63] but Marvel interrupted the experiment after a year-long run and returned the characters to the Marvel universe proper. Marvel Enterprises In 1997, bought Marvel Entertainment Group to end bankruptcy, forming a new company, Marvel Enterprises. Together with business partner Avi Arad, publisher and editor-in-chief , , co-owner of Toy Biz, helped stabilize the comic book line. In 1998, the company launched the imprint, which takes place just outside the Marvel continuity with better production quality. The print was led by , editor-in-chief who would soon become CEO; it featured hard and gritty stories featuring characters such as the Daredevil,[65] Inhumans and Black Panther. With the new millennium, Marvel Comics came out of bankruptcy and began to diversify its offerings. In 2001, Marvel withdrew from the Comics Code Authority and created its own Marvel rating system for comics. The first title of that time not to have the code was X-Force #119 (October 2001). Marvel has also created new prints, such as (an explicit content line) and (developed for children's audiences). In addition, the company created an alternative universe imprint, , which allowed the company to restart its major titles by revising and updating its characters to introduce to a new generation. Some of his characters have been transformed into successful film franchises, such as the Men in Black film series, from 1997, the Blade film series, from 1998, X-Men film series, from 2000, and the most profitable Spider-Man series, from 2002. Marvel's Conan the Barbarian title has stopped 1993 after 275 numbers. Savage Sword of Conan magazine had 235 issues. Marvel released other titles, including the miniseries until 2000 for a total of 650 issues. Conan was taken over by Dark Horse three years later. [38] In a cross-promotion, on November 1, 2006, an episode of the CBS soap opera The Guiding Light, entitled She's a Marvel, featured the Harley Davidson Cooper (played by Beth Ehlers) as a superhero named the Guiding Light. The character's story continues in an eight-page backup feature, A New Light, which appears in several Marvel titles released on November 1 and 8. [68] That year, Marvel created a wiki on its website. In late 2007, the company launched Marvel Digital Comics Unlimited, a digital archive of more than 2,500 return numbers available for viewing, monthly or annual subscription. At the NY Anime Fest in December 2007, the company announced that Del Rey Manga had released two original English-language Marvel manga books featuring the X-Men and Wolverine to hit the stands in the spring of 2009. [71] In 2009, Marvel Comics closed its open bidding policy, in which the company accepted unsolicited samples from budding comic artists, claiming that the long review process had not produced any professional work properly. [72] The same year, the company commemorated its 70th anniversary, which dates back to its inception as Timely Comics, by publishing the 70th Anniversary Special #1 of Marvel Mystery Comics and a variety of other special issues. [73] [74] Disney Conglomerate Unit (2009-present) The authors of Marvel titles in the 2010s include (seated from left to right) Ed Brubaker, Christos Gage, Matt Fraction, and Brian Michael Bendis. On August 31, 2009, The Walt Disney Company announced that it would acquire Marvel Comics' parent company, Marvel Entertainment, for a cash and stock transaction valued at approximately $4 billion, which, if necessary, would be adjusted at closing, giving Marvel shareholders 30 and 0.745 Disney shares for each Marvel share they owned. [75] In 2008, Marvel and its longtime main competitor DC Comics shared more than 80% of the U.S. comic book market. In September 2010, Marvel changed its bookstore distribution company from Diamond Book Distributors to Hachette Distribution Services. Marvel moved its office to the Sports Illustrated Building in October 2010. Marvel relaunched the CrossGen footprint, owned by Disney Publishing Worldwide, in March 2011. Marvel and Disney Publishing began jointly publishing Disney/Pixar Presents in May. Marvel abandoned its Marvel Adventures footprint in March 2012,[82] and replaced it with a line of two titles linked to the Marvel Universe TV block. Also in March, Marvel announced its Marvel ReEvolution initiative that includes Infinite Comics,[84] a line of digital comics, Marvel AR, a software application that offers an augmented reality experience to readers and Marvel NOW!, a revival of most company's major titles with different creative teams. [85] [86] Marvel NOW! has also seen the debut of new flagship titles, including Uncanny Avengers and All-New X-Men. [87] In April 2013, Marvel and other components of the Disney conglomerate began announcing With ABC, a graphic novel Once Upon a Time was announced for release in September. With Disney, Marvel announced in October 2013 that in January 2014, it would release its first title under their joint imprint Disney Kingdoms Seekers of the Weird, a five-issue miniseries. On January 3, 2014, Lucasfilm, a subsidiary of Disney, announced that from 2015, the would be re-released by Marvel. Following the events of the Secret Wars crossover in 2015, a relaunched Marvel universe began in September 2015, called The All Nouveau, All-Different Marvel. Marvel Legacy is the company's fall 2017 relaunch banner starting in September. The banner had comics with lenticular variant covers that required comic book stores to double their regular broadcast order to be able to order the variants. The owner of two Comix Experience stores has complained about the introduction of forcing retailers to be stuck with copies they cannot sell for the variant they can sell. With other complaints too, Marvel did not adjust the requirements for new titles no adjustment was made for any other. For example, MyComicShop.com and at least 70 other comic book stores boycotted these variant covers. Despite the release of Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2, Logan, Thor: Ragnarok and Spider-Man: Homecoming in theaters, none of the titles of these characters featured in the top 10 sales and Guardians of the Galaxy comic series has been cancelled. Conan Properties International announced on January 12, 2018 that Conan would be returning to Marvel in early 2019. [38] On January 19, 2018, Joshua Yehl, editor-in-chief of ign.com, speculated on potential changes if Disney's proposed acquisition of 21st Century Fox went through. He expects that Fox franchises licensed to other companies would be moved to Marvel and that the properties of the Marvel Fox film would be better handled by the publishing division. [94] However, Marvel had authorized to publish Marvel Digests collections for the newsstand market. While Disney has allowed IDW Publishing to produce the classic, all ages Disney comics since the purchase of Marvel[96] and a Big Hero 6 comic to go along with the TV series despite the fact that the Disney movie was based on a Marvel comic. Then, on July 17, 2018, Marvel Entertainment announced the license of Marvel characters to IDW for a line of mid-quality reader market comics that will begin publication in November 2018. On March 1, 2019, Serial Box, a digital book platform, announced a partnership with Marvel. They new and original stories that will be linked to a number of popular Marvel franchises. The first series will focus on the character of Thor and will be released in the summer of 2019. Due to Diamond Comics Distributors halting their distribution of comics worldwide in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Marvel Comics Comics April 15 suspended the release of physical and digital copies of their comics until further notice. , the president of Marvel Entertainment said he will provide more information where possible. [98] Officers Michael Z. Hobson, Executive Vice President; [99] Marvel Comics Group Vice President (1986)[100] Stan Lee, President and Publisher (1986)[100] Joseph Calamari, Executive Vice President (1986)[100] Jim Shooter, Vice President and Editor-in-Chief (1986)[100] Publishers Abraham Goodman, 1939[5] Martin Goodman, 1939-1972[36] Charles Chip Goodman 1972[36] Stan Lee, 1972 - October 1996[36][37][99] Shirrel Rhoades, October 1996 - October 1998[99] Winston Fowlkes, February 1998 - November 1999[99] Bill Jemas, February 200 (2003][99] Dan Buckley, 2,0003-[101]—January 2017[102][103] John Nee, January 2018—present[102] Marvel's editor-in-chief originally held the title of editor. The editor's title later became editor-in-chief. Joe Simon was the company's first true editor-in-chief, along with publisher Martin Goodman, who had served as the titular editor-in-chief only and outsourced editorial operations. In 1994, Marvel briefly abolished the position of editor-in-chief, replacing Tom DeFalco with five editors of the group. As describes the editorial arrangement of the 1990s: In the early 1990s, Marvel had so many titles that there were three executive editors, each supervising about 1/3 of the line. was the third editor [after and Potts previously appointed]. We all responded to editor-in-chief Tom DeFalco and editor Mike Hobson. The three executive editors have decided not to add our names to the already crowded credits on Marvel titles. Therefore, it was not easy for readers to say which titles were produced by which editor... In late 94, Marvel reorganized into a number of different publishing divisions, each with its own editor. Marvel reinstated the position of editor-in-chief in 1995 with Bob Harras. Editor-in-Chief Martin Goodman (1939-1940; Holder Only)[5] Joe Simon (1939-1941) Stan Lee (1941-1942) Vincent Fago (Acting Editor during Lee's Military Service) (1942-1942) 1941 945) Stan Lee (1945-1972) Roy Thomas (1972-1974) (1974-1975) (black and white magazines 1974-1975, Full Line 1975-1976) (1976) (1976-1978) Editor Jim Shooter (1978-1987) Tom DeFalco (1987-1994) No overall; separate group editors (1994-1995) Mark Gruenwald, Universe (Avengers and Cosmic) Bob Harras, Bob Budiansky, Spider-Man Bobbie Chase, Carl Potts, Epic Comics - General[104] Bob Harras (1995-2000) Joe Quesada (2000-2011) (2011-2017) C. B. Cebulski (2017-present)[105] Executive editors originally called Editors Initially Editor-in-Chief when marvel's editor-in-chief just referred to him as editor-in-chief, the title of next editor-in-chief became editor-in-chief. The title of Deputy Editor-in-Chief was then revived as Editor-in-Chief as an editorial position in charge of few titles under the direction of a publisher and without an assistant editor. Associate Editor Jim Shooter, January 5, 1976 – January 2, 1978[106] Executive Editor Tom DeFalco, 1987 Mark Gruenwald, 1987–1994, senior editor: 1995–1996 Carl Potts, in charge of Epic Comics 1989–1994,[104] 1995–1996 Bob Budiansky, early '90s – 1994[104] Bobbie Chase, 1995–2001 Tom Brevoort, 2007–2011[107] Axel Alonso, 2010 – January 2011[108] Ownership Martin Goodman (1939–1968) Parent corporation Magazine Management Co. (1968– 1973) Cadence Industries (1973–1986) Marvel Entertainment Group (1986–1998) Marvel Enterprises Marvel Enterprises, Inc. (1998–2005) Marvel Entertainment, Inc (2005–2009) Marvel Entertainment, LLC (2009–present, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company) Offices Located in New York City, Marvel has had successive headquarters: in the McGraw-Hill Building,[5] where it originated as Timely Comics in 1939[109] in suite 1401 of the Empire State Building[109] at 635 Madison Avenue (the actual location , although the comics index listed the address of the parent publishing house of 625 Madison Ave.) [109] 575 Madison Avenue; [109] 387 Park Avenue South[109] 10 East 40th Street[109] 417 Fifth Avenue[109] a 60,000 square foot (5,600 m2) space in the Sports Illustrated Building at 135 W. 50th Street (October 2010—[79][110]present) TV Productions Animated Series Aired Production Distributor Network Episodes The Marvel Super Heroes 1966 Grantray-Lawrence Animation / Marvel Comics Group Krantz Films ABC 65 Fantastic Four 1967-1 6 8 Hanna-Barbera Productions / Marvel Comics Group Taft Broadcasting 20 Spider-Man 1967-70 Grantray-Lawrence Animation / Krantz Films / Marvel Comics Group 52 The New Fantastic Four 1978 DePatie-Freleng Enterprises / Marvel Comics Animation Marvel Entertainment NBC 13 Fred and Barney Meet the Thing 1979 Hanna-Barbera Productions / Marvel Comics Group Taft Broadcasting 13 (26 segments of The Thing) Spider-Woman 1979-80 DePatie-Freleng Enterprises / Marvel Comics Animation Marvel Entertainment ABC 16 Market Share This section seems to be tilted towards recent events. Please try to keep recent events in a historical perspective and add more content related to non-recent events. (July 2017) (Find out how and when to delete this template message) In 2017, Marvel held 38.30% of the comic book market, compared with 33.93% for its competitor DC Comics. [111] In comparison, the companies held 30.33 per cent of shares in 2013, and 40.81 per cent and 29.94 per cent in 2008. [112] Marvel characters in Media Marvel characters and stories have been adapted to many other media. Some of these adaptations were produced by Marvel Comics and its sister company, , while others were produced by Marvel hardware licensing companies. Games In June 1993, Marvel released its collectible caps for the milk cap game under the Hero Caps brand. In 2014, the Japanese television series Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers was launched with a collectible game called Bachicombat, a game similar to the milk cap game, by Bandai. [114] Collectible Card Games The RPG industry brought the development of the collectible card game (GCC) in the early 1990s which there were soon Marvel characters were featured in the CCG of their own from 1995 with Fleer's OverPower (1995-1999). Later collectible card game were: Marvel Superstars (2010-?) Upper Deck Company ReCharge Collectible Card Game (2001? ) Marvel Vs. System (2004-2009, 2014) Upper Deck Company X-Men Trading Card Game (2000?) Wizards of the Coast Marvel Champions: The Card Game (2019—present) Fantasy Flight Games, a Living Card Game[115] Miniatures Marvel Crisis Protocol (Fall 2019—) Atomic Mass Games[116] HeroClix, WizKids Role-playing Main Article: List of Marvel's RPG supplements TSR published the pen-and-paper-playing Marvel Super Heroes in 1984. TSR then released in 1998 the Marvel Super Heroes Adventure Game which used a different system, the map-based SAGA system, as their first game. In 2003, Marvel Publishing released its own role-playing game, the Marvel Universe Roleplaying Game, which used a diceless stone billiard system. In August 2011, Margaret Weis Productions announced the development of a role-playing game based on the Marvel Universe, scheduled for release in February 2012 using her Cortex Plus RPG system. [118] Video games Main article: Video games based on Marvel characters go back to 1984 and the Atari game, Spider-Man. Since then, dozens of video games have been released and all have been produced by external licensees. In 2014, Disney Infinity 2.0: Marvel Super Heroes was released which brought Marvel characters to the existing sandbox disney video game. Movies Main Article: List of movies based on Marvel Comics' main article: Marvel Cinematic Universe Main Article: List of Marvel Cinematic Universe Movies Since the beginning of September 2015, films based on Marvel properties represent the most profitable U.S. franchise, grossing more than $7.7 billion [119] in a global gross of more than $18 billion. In May 2019, the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) grossed more than $22 billion. shows The Marvel Experience (2014–) Marvel Universe Live! (2014-) spectacle d’arène en direct Spider-Man Live! (2002–2003) Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark (2011–2014) une comédie musicale de Broadway Prose romans Articles principaux: Marvel Books et Marvel Marvel authorized two prose novels to Bantam Books, which printed Otto Binder's The Avengers Battle the Earth Wrecker (1967) and Ted White's Captain America: The Great Gold Steal (1968). Various publishers took over the licenses from 1978 to 2002. In addition, with the various licensed films being released from 1997, various publishers have published film novels. [120] In 2003, following the publication of the young adult prose novel Mary Jane, starring of the Mythos spider-man, Marvel announced the formation of the Marvel Press. However, Marvel returned to licensing with Pocket Books from 2005 to 2008. With few books published under the imprint, Marvel and Disney Books Group relaunched Marvel Press in 2011 with the Marvel Origin Storybooks line. [122] Television Programs Main Article: List of Marvel Comics-based TV series Many television series, both live-action and animated, have based their productions on characters from Marvel Comics. These include series for popular characters such as Spider-Man, Iron Man, Hulk, Avengers, X-Men, Fantastic Four, Guardians of the Galaxy, Daredevil, Jessica Jones, Luke Cage, Iron Fist, Punisher, Defenders, S.H.I.E.L.D., Agent Carter, Deadpool, , and others. In addition, a handful of television movies, usually also drivers, based on Marvel Comics characters were made. Marvel theme parks has licensed its characters for theme parks and attractions, including at 's Islands of Adventure[123] in Orlando, Florida, which includes rides based on their iconic characters and costumed artists, as well as The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man cloned tour of the islands of adventure at . Years after Disney purchased Marvel in late 2009, Walt Disney Parks and Resorts plans to create original Marvel attractions at their theme parks,[125][126] with becoming the first Disney theme park to feature a Marvel attraction[125][126][126] with Hong Kong Disneyland becoming the first Disney theme park to feature a Marvel attraction. [127] Due to the licensing agreement with Universal Studios, signed prior to Disney's purchase of Marvel, and are prohibited from having Marvel characters in their parks. [129] However, this includes only the characters universal currently uses, other characters in their amille (X-Men, Avengers, Fantastic Four, etc.), and the villains associated with these characters. [123] This clause allowed Walt Disney World to meet and greet, merchandise, attractions and more with other Marvel characters not associated with Islands of Adventures characters, such as Star-Lord and Gamora Guardians of the Galaxy. [130] [131] Imprints Marvel Comics Marvel Press, empreinte conjointe avec Disney Books Group Icon Comics (créateur) Infinite Comics Timely Comics Disney Kingdoms Marvel Worldwide avec Disney Disney in October 2013 that in January 2014, he was going to release his first comic book title under their joint Disney Kingdoms Seekers of the Weird, a five-part miniseries inspired by a never- built Disneyland attraction Museum of the Weird. Marvel's disney kingdoms imprint has since released comic adaptations of Big Thunder Mountain Railroad,[132] Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room,[133] The Haunted Mansion,[134] two series on Figment[135][136] based on Journey Into Imagination. Late Amalgam Comics CrossGen Curtis Magazines/Marvel Magazine Group Marvel Monsters Group Epic Comics (creator) (1982-2004) Malibu Comics (1994-1997) Marvel 2099 (1992-1992)1998 Marvel Absurd Age/Adventures Marvel Edge Marvel Knights Illustrated Marvel Marvel Next Marvel Black UK Marvel Frontier MAX MC2 New Universe Paramount Comics (co-owned with Viacom's Paramount Pictures) Razorline Star Comics Ultimate Comics See More List of comic book characters who originated from other media List of magazines published by Marvel Comics in the 1970s Notes - Apocryphal Legend wants that in 1961, either Jack Liebowitz or Irwin Donenfeld of DC Comics (then known as National Periodical Publications) bragging about DC's success with the Justice League (which had debuted in The Brave and the Bold #28 [February 1960] before moving to its own title) to publisher Martin Goodman (whose holdings included the nascent Marvel comics) at a party golf course. However, film producer and comic book historian Michael Uslan partly demystified the story in a letter published in Alter Ego #43 (December 2004), pp. 43-44 Irwin said he never played golf with Goodman, so the story is false. I've heard this story more than a couple of times while he was sitting in the dining room at DC 909 Third Avenue and 75 Rockefeller Plaza office that Sol Harrison and [production manager] Jack Adler have been schmoozing with some of us... who worked for DC during our college summers.... [T]he way I heard Sol's story was that Goodman was playing with one of the heads of Independent News, not DC Comics (although DC owned Independent News). ... As a distributor of DC Comics, this man certainly knew all the sales figures and was in the best position to tell Goodman about this treat. ... Of course, Goodman would like to play golf with this guy and be in his good graces. ... Sol has worked closely with Independent News' senior management over the decades and would have gotten this story directly from the horse's mouth. Goodman, a follower of the publishing trend aware of the strong sales of the JLA, confirmed its tape publisher Stan Lee, to create a series of comics about a team of superheroes. According to Lee in Origins of Marvel Comics (Simon and Schuster/Fireside Books, 1974), p. 16: Martin mentioned that he noticed one of the titles published by National Comics Comics to sell better than most. It was a book called The [sic] Justice League of America and it was made up of a team of superheroes. ... If the Justice League sells, he said, why not release a comic book featuring a superhero team? References - Hachette - Our Customers. Archived with the original of September 11, 2017. Recovered On September 17, 2017. A b c Daniels, Les (1991). Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics. New York: Harry N. Abrams. 27 and 32-33. ISBN 0-8109-3821-9. Timely Publications became the name under which Goodman first published a comic line. He eventually created a number of companies to publish comics... but Timely was the name by which Goodman comics from the Golden Age were known... Marvel wasn't always Marvel; in the early 1940s, the company was known as Timely Comics, and some of the covers bore this shield. Sanderson, Peter (November 20, 2007). The Marvel Comics Guide in New York. Gallery books. a b c Postal Indicia in question, by Marvel Comics #1 [1st print] (October 1939) Archived 2014-11-03 at the Wayback Machine at the Grand Comics database: Vol.1, No.1, MARVEL COMICS, Oct, 1939 Published monthly by Timely Publications, ... Art and editorial by Funnies Incorporated... A b c d e By Declaration of Ownership, dated October 2, 1939, published in Marvel Mystery Comics #4 (February 1940), p. 40; reprinted in : Golden Age Marvel Comics Volume 1 (Marvel Comics, 2004, ISBN 0-7851-1609-5), p. 239 - Bell, Blake; Vassallo, Michael J. (2013). The Secret History of Marvel Comics: Jack Kirby and the Moonlighting Artists at Martin Goodman's Empire. Books of whimsicals. 299. ISBN 978-1-60699-552-5.CS1 maint: ref-harv (link) - Writer-artist Bill Everett's Sub-Mariner had actually been created for an uncurved comedy gift theatre, Motion Picture Funnies Weekly earlier this year, with the unpublished, eight-page original story expanded by four pages for Marvel Comics #1. A b By researcher Keif Fromm, Alter Ego #49, p. 4 (legend), Marvel Comics #1, cover-dated October 1939, quickly sold out 80,000 copies, prompting Goodman to produce a second print, cover-dated November 1939. The latter looks the same, with the exception of a black bar on the October date in the internal coverage index before, and the November date added at the end. This sold about 800,000 copies, a significant figure on the market at the time. Also by Fromm, the first issue of Captain America Comics sold nearly a million copies. Goulart, Ron (2000). The culture of comics: an illustrated story. Collectors Press, Inc. 173. 978-1-888054-38-5.. Before Captain America, there was The Shield of MLJ Comics and Minute-Man of . Marvel: Timely Publications (Indicia Publisher) Archived 2012-01-28 to the machine back to the Grand Comics database. This is one of a original business name under which Martin Goodman began publishing comics in 1939. It has been used on all issues up to and including those of cover dated March 1941 or Winter 1940-1941, covering the period from Marvel Comics #1 to Captain America Comics #1. It was replaced by Timely Comics, Inc. starting with all cover issues dated April 1941 or spring 1941. GCD :: Story Search Results. comics.org. Archived of the original on December 11, 2007. Excerpted April 4, 2007. A smithsonian book of comic book comics. Smithsonian Institution/Harry N. Abrams. 1981. - Lee, Stan; Mair, George (2002). Excelsior!: The incredible life of Stan Lee. Books by the fire. 22. ISBN 0-684-87305-2. Simon, Joe; with Simon, Jim (1990). The creators of comics. Crestwood/II Publications. 208. ISBN 1-887591-35-4. Simon, Joe (2011). Joe Simon: My life in comics. London, United Kingdom: Titan Books. 113-114. ISBN 978-1-84576-930-7. Cover, all surprise comics #12 archived 2011-06-28 to the wayback machine at the great comics database - Wright, Bradford W. (2001). Comic Book Nation: The Transformation of Youth Culture in America. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 57. ISBN 978-0-8018-6514-5. a b c Marvel Entertainment Group, Inc. International Directory of Corporate Stories, Vol. 10. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale / St. James Press, via FundingUniverse.com. Archived with the original of July 11, 2011. Excerpted September 28, 2011. Marvel: Atlas [wireframe globe] (Brand) Archived 2012-01-17 to the wayback machine at the Grand Comics database - Marvel Indicia Publishers. comics.org. Grand Comics database. Archived from the original of December 8, 2014. Excerpted November 18, 2011. Per Les Daniels in Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics, pp. 67-68: EC's success has had a definite influence on Marvel. As Stan Lee recalls, Martin Goodman used to say, Stan, let's do a different kind of book, and it was generally based on how the competition was doing. When we found that EC's horror books are doing well, for example, we published a lot of horror books. Boatz, Darrel L. (December 1988). Stan Lee. Comics Interview (64). Fictioneer Books. 15-16. Marvel: MC (Brand) Archived 2011-03-07 to the wayback machine at the Grand Comics database. Jack Kirby's Marvel legacy. Marvel. 2015. 50. ISBN 978-0-785-19793-5. Fantastic Four. Grand Comics database. Archived from the original of March 15, 2011. Excerpted March 25, 2011. Roberts, Randy; Olson, James S. (1998). American Experiences: Readings in American History: Since 1865 (4 ed.). Addison-Wesley. 317. ISBN 978-0-321-01031-5. Comics used a realism in both characterization and setting in his superhero titles that was unmatched in the comic book industry. Genter, Robert (2007). With great power comes a great responsibility: Cold Cold Culture and the birth of Marvel Comics. The Journal of Popular Culture. 40 (6): 953–978. doi:10.1111/j.1540-5931.2007.00480.x. Comic historian Greg Theakston suggested that the decision to include monsters and first distance the new breed of superhero costumes was a conscious, and born of necessity. Since DC distributed the Marvel production at the time, Theakston theorized that, Goodman and Lee decided to keep their line of superheroes as similar to their horror line as they could, minimizing the fact that [Marvel] was creating heroes with the effect that they ventured into deeper waters, where DC never considered going. See Ro, 87-88 - Benton, Mike (1991). Superhero Comics of the Silver Age: The Illustrated History. Dallas, Texas: Taylor Publishing Company. 35. ISBN 978-0-87833-746-0. Benton, 38. Howe, Sean (2012). Marvel Comics: The Untold Story. New York, NY: HarperCollins. p. 4. ISBN 978-0-06-199210-0. Boucher, Geoff (September 25, 2009). Jack Kirby, the abandoned hero of Marvel's great Hollywood adventure, and his family's quest. Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original of July 25, 2011. Excerpted September 28, 2011. The Real Brand X. Time. October 31, 1960. Archived of the original on June 29, 2011. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Daniels, Les (September 1991). Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics, Harry N Abrams. 139. Nyberg, Amy Kiste (1994). Seal of Approval: The origins and history of the comic code. University Press of Mississippi. 170. ISBN 9781604736632. A b c d e f Ro, Ronin (2004). Tales to Astonish: Jack Kirby, Stan Lee and the American Comic Book Revolution. Bloomsbury Publishing. 179. a b Lee, Mair, 5. A b c Wickline, Dan (January 12, 2018). Conan the Barbarian returns to Marvel Comics - Bleeding Cool News. Bleeding cool news and rumors. Archived with the original of January 18, 2018. Excerpted January 17, 2018. Levitz, Paul (2010). 75 years of DC Comics The art of making modern myths. Taschen America. 451. ISBN 978-3-8365-1981-6. Marvel took advantage of this moment to overtake DC in title production for the first time since 1957, and in sales for the first time. - Daniels, Marvel, pp.154-155 - Rhoades, Shirrel (2008). A complete history of American comics. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing. 103. ISBN 9781433101076. Cooke, Jon B. (December 2011). Vengeance, Incorporated: A history of the short-lived comics publisher Atlas/Seaboard. Comic artist. Number 16. TwoMorrows Publishing. Archived of the original on December 1, 2010. Excerpted September 28, 2011. McMillan, Graeme (December 5, 2017). Marvel is teaming up with Stitcher for the scripted 'Wolverine' podcast. The Reporter. Archived from the original of December 13, 2017. Excerpted December 12, 2017. Both and inks by UHBMCC; GCD remains uncertain about inker. Bullpen Bulletins: The King is back! enough Said! In Marvel Comics cover dated October 1975, including Fantastic Four #163 - Specific Series - and the issue dates in the article are collectively by GCD and other databases given under References - Howe, Sean (August 20, 2014). After his public fall, Sin City Frank Miller is back (and not sorry). Wired. Condé Nast. Archived with the original of January 22, 2015. Excerpted January 21, 2015. Marvel focuses on direct sales. The Comics Journal (59): 11-12. October 1980. a b c Marvel reaches the agreement to emerge from bankruptcy. The New York Times. July 11, 1997. p. D3. Archived of the original on June 7, 2011. Clive Barker official website: Comics. Clivebarker.com, November 28, 1999. Archived of the original on May 13, 2011. Recovered on August 10, 2012. Independent Heroes of the USA: The Razorline by Clive Barker. Internationalhero.co.uk. Archived of the original on October 4, 2012. Recovered on August 10, 2012. Bye Bye Marvel; Here Comes Image: Portacio, Claremont, Liefeld, Jim Lee Join McFarlane's New Imprint at Malibu. The Comics Journal (48): 11-12. February 1992. Mulligan, Thomas S. (February 19, 1992). Holy Plot Twist: Marvel Comics' Parent Sees Artists Defect to Rival Malibu, Stock Dive. Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458- 3035. Archived of the original on May 10, 2017. Recovered on February 1, 2016. Ehrenreich, Ben (November 11, 2007). PHENOMENON; Comic genius?. The New York Times magazine. Archived from the original of August 7, 2013. Excerpted February 11, 2017. Reynolds, Eric. The Rumors are True: Marvel Buys Malibu, The Comics Journal #173 (December 1994), 29-33. News! Indy magazine #8 (1994), 7. Scott Rosenberg. Wizard World. Archived from the original of March 4, 2016. Excerpted October 14, 2015. Duin, Steve and Richardson, Mike (ed.s) capital city in Comics Between the Panels (Dark Horse Publishing, 1998) ISBN 1-56971-344-8, p. 69 - Rozanski, Chuck (n.d.). Diamond finished with 50% of the comic book market. MileHighComics.com. Archived of the original on July 16, 2011. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Diamond Comic Distributors acquires Capital City Distribution; The comic book distribution industry has stabilized by purchase. bNet: Business Wire via Findarticles.com. July 26, 1996. Archived of the original on May 25, 2012. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Hello Again: Marvel Goes with Diamond, The Comics Journal #193 (February 1997), pp. 9-10. Duin, Steve and Richardson, Mike (ed.s) Diamond Comic Distributors in Comics Between the Panels (Dark Horse Publishing, 1998) ISBN 1-56971-344-8, p. 125-126 - Miller, John Jackson. Capital Sale Tops Turbulent Year: The Top 10 Comics News Stories of 1996. CBGXtra. Archived November 7, 2007. Excerpted December 20, 2007. Raviv, Dan Dan Comic War: Marvel's Battle for Survival. Hero books. ISBN 978-0-7851-1606-6. McMillan, Graeme. Page 10. Leaving an Imprint: 10 Defunct MARVEL Publishing Lines Archived 2014-10-12 at the Wayback Machine. Newsarama (January 10, 2013). Franchises: Marvel Comics. Box Office. Archived of the original on March 1, 2012. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Guiding Light Comes to Comics! Marvel.com News. Marvel.com. Archived of the original on May 12, 2010. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Gustines, George (October 31, 2006). Pulpy TV and Soapy Comics find a lot of agreement on. The New York Times. Archived from the original of February 17, 2018. Excerpted February 11, 2017. Marvel Universe wiki. Marvel.com, June 11, 2007. Archived of the original on April 29, 2010. Excerpted April 27, 2010. Colton, David (November 12, 2007). Marvel Comics shows its wonderful colors in the online archive. USA Today. Archived of the original on December 23, 2011. Excerpted August 22, 2017. MacDonald, Heidi (December 11, 2007). Marvel, Del Rey Team for Manga X-men. Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original of February 28, 2020. Excerpted February 27, 2020. Doran, Michael (April 3, 2009). C.B. Cebulski on Marvel's Closed Open Submissions Policy. Newsarama.com. Archived of the original on April 6, 2009. Excerpted April 5, 2009. Frisk, Andy (June 6, 2009). Marvel Mystery Comics 70th Anniversary Special #1 (critical). ComicBookBin. Archived of the original on August 12, 2011. Excerpted October 19, 2010. Celebrate Marvel's 70th anniversary with your local comic book store. Marvel Comics press release via ComicBookResources.com. July 31, 2009. Archived of the original on August 3, 2009. Annual Financial Report for fiscal year 2009 and shareholder letter (PDF). ditm-twdc-us.storage.googleapis.com. November 23, 2015 [USSEC form 10-K 2009-10-03]. 78. Archived (PDF) of the original of July 23, 2018. Wilkerson, David B. (August 31, 2009). Disney to acquire Marvel Entertainment for $4 billion. Marketwatch. Archived of the original on June 8, 2011. Excerpted April 26, 2020. Siklos, Richard (October 13, 2008). Spoiler alert: Comics are alive and kicking. Cnn. Archived of the original on March 17, 2010. Excerpted May 1, 2010. Marvel goes with Hachette. ICV2. May 12, 2010. Archived of the original on May 13, 2014. Excerpted May 12, 2014. a b Marvel to move to new 60,000 square foot offices in October. Comic book resources. September 21, 2010. Archived of the original on October 24, 2010. Excerpted October 24, 2010. Reid, Calvin (December 21, 2010). Marvel revives CrossGen with New Creators, New Stories. Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original of January 17, 2012. Excerpted October 12, 2011. 'Cars' Creative Team On Marvel's Pixar Move. Band Resources February 17, 2011. Archived from the original in November 2011. Recovered on October 28, 2011. Marvel ends Current Kids Line of Comics. Comic book resources. December 19, 2011. Archived of the original on April 15, 2012. Excerpted July 12, 2012. Marvel Launches All Ages Avengers - Ultimate Spider-Man Comics. Comic book resources. January 24, 2012. Archived of the original on May 11, 2012. Excerpted July 12, 2012. Marvel, circus company join forces for the superhero arena show. Los Angeles Times. March 13, 2013. Archived from the original of May 16, 2013. Excerpted May 11, 2013. Marvel wants you to join the revolution. Comic book resources. March 12, 2012. Archived of the original on July 8, 2012. Excerpted February 26, 2013. Alonso, Axel (August 17, 2012). Axel-In-Charge: Avengers Vs. X-Men's Final Phase. Comic book resources. Archived of the original on May 14, 2013. Excerpted February 26, 2013. Morse, Ben (July 5, 2012). Marvel NOW! Marvel Comics. Archived of the original on October 3, 2012. Excerpted August 7, 2012. Sands, rich. (April 12, 2013) First look: The Once Upon a Time Graphic Novel Archived 2013-11-04 at the Wayback machine. Guide.com TV. Consulted on November 4, 2013. a b Marvel, Disney unveil the first comic under the new imprint. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Associated Press. October 8, 2013. Archived from the original of October 18, 2013. Excerpted October 17, 2013. ''Star Wars' Comics Go to Marvel in 2015, Dark Horse Responds. Newsarama. January 3, 2014. Archived of the original on January 4, 2014. Excerpted January 3, 2014. Whitbrook, James (June 4, 2015). Marvel will launch a new, all-different universe in September. io9. Archived from the original of June 23, 2015. Excerpted June 4, 2015. McMillan, Graeme (August 25, 2017). Owners of comic book stores refusing to wear 'Marvel Legacy' Issues. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived with the original of January 3, 2018. Excerpted January 2, 2018. McMillan, Graeme (December 28, 2017). DC is taking over a market in decline: whose comics sold best in 2017. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived with the original of January 2, 2018. Excerpted January 2, 2018. Yehl, Joshua (January 19, 2018). Big Marvel Comics Changes to Expect From the Disney/Fox Deal - I've Got Issues. Ign. Archived with the original of January 20, 2018. Excerpted January 20, 2018. a b McMillan, Graeme (July 17, 2018). IDW to publish medium- featuring Marvel superheroes. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original of July 17, 2018. Recovered on July 17, 2018. Schedeen, Jesse (July 28, 2017). Between the panels: Why aren't there more Disney comics in Marvel? Ign. Archived from the original of July 17, 2018. Recovered on July 17, 2018. Leon, Concepcion de (March 1, 2019). Digital Book Platform Serial Box will partner with Marvel to release new stories. The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the March 1, 2019. Excerpted March 1, 2019. Marvel has no plans to release new digital comics on April 15. Archived of the original on April 20, 2020. A b c d e Rhoades, Shirrel (2008). A complete story of American comics. New York, NY: Peter Lang Publishing. pp. x-xi. ISBN 978-1-4331- 0107-6. Archived of the original on May 27, 2013. Excerpted March 18, 2011. A b c d Gilroy, Dan (September 17, 1986). Marvel Now has $100 Million Hulk: Marvel Divisions and Top Execs. Variety. 81. Archived with the original (jpeg) on February 14, 2012. Weiland, Jonas (October 15, 2003). Marvel confirms Buckley as the new publisher. Comic book resources. Archived of the original on August 19, 2014. Excerpted August 31, 2011. a b Viscardi, James (January 16, 2018). Marvel hires John Nee as editor (EXCLUSIVE). Marvel. Archived with the original of January 8, 2019. Excerpted January 7, 2019. Kit, Borys (January 18, 2017). Dan Buckley appointed President of Marvel Entertainment (Exclusive). The Hollywood Reporter. Archived with the original of January 29, 2017. Excerpted January 30, 2017. a b c d Interview: Carl Potts. PopImage.com May 2000. Archived of the original on May 25, 2011. McMillan, Graeme (November 17, 2017). Marvel names the new editor as Axel Alonso exits. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived with the original of January 27, 2018. Excerpted November 17, 2017. 1976-1979. DC timeline. dccomicsartists.com. Archived of the original on September 29, 2011. Excerpted October 21, 2011. Frankenhoff, Brent (January 4, 2011). Marvel editors Axel Alonso, Tom Brevoort promoted. Buyer's Extra Guide Comics. Archived from the original of November 7, 2015. Excerpted October 10, 2011. Phegley, Kiel (January 4, 2011). Alonso appointed editor-in-chief of Marvel. Comic book resources. Archived from the original of October 14, 2012. Excerpted October 24, 2012. A b c d e f Sanderson, Peter. The Marvel Comics Guide to New York City Archived 2016-06-30 at the Wayback Machine, (Pocket Books, 2007) 59. ISBN 978-1-4165-3141-8 - Turner, Zake (December 21, 2010). Where we work. The New York Observer. Archived of the original on December 28, 2011. Miller, John. 2017 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops. Mr. Comichron. Archived with the original of January 23, 2018. Excerpted January 23, 2018. Share of total shares —Marvel 38.30%, DC 33.93%; Share of Overall Dollars—Marvel 36.36%, DC 30.07% - Big Two Comic Publishers Lose Share. ICv2. January 8, 2014. Archived from the original of February 5, 2016. Excerpted September 22, 2015. Routhier, Ray (July 26, 1993). Will the cardboard caps of milk bottles become the cream of all. Hartford Current. Archived from the original of September 25, 2016. Excerpted June 3, 2016. Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers Anime - Game's 1st Promo Streamed. Anime News February 10, 2014. 2014. May 7, 2014. Excerpted May 12, 2014. Griepp, Milton (August 1, 2019). Fantasy Flight to launch Marvel LCG. icv2.com. Archived of the original of December 11, 2019. Excerpted December 11, 2019. Atomic Mass Games Unveils 'Marvel Crisis Protocol Miniatures Game'. icv2.com, August 4, 2019. Archived from the original of December 11, 2019. Excerpted December 11, 2019. Kim, John H. RPG Encyclopedia: M. RPG Encyclopedia. darkshire.net. Archived of the original on February 4, 2012. Excerpted december 8, 2011. Holochwost, George (August 5, 2011). Gen Con: New Marvel Comics RPG Games Announced by Margaret Weis Productions. MTV.com. Archived of the original on September 28, 2011. Excerpted September 28, 2011. Franchise Index. Mojo Box Office. Archived from the original of February 1, 2016. Excerpted May 29, 2013. A b DeCandido, Keith R.A. Marvel Comics in Prose: An Unofficial Guide. SFF.net. Archived of the original on August 6, 2011. Excerpted October 4, 2011. Weiland, Jonas (May 26, 2004). Marvel announces the creation of a new prose print, Marvel Press. Comic book resources. Archived of the original on August 19, 2014. Excerpted August 24, 2011. Alverson, Brigid (July 15, 2011). 'SDCC '11' Disney will unveil Marvel Press' footprint in San Diego. Comic book resources. Archived of the original on August 18, 2011. Excerpted September 28, 2011. a b Marvel Agreement between MCA Inc. and Marvel Entertainment Group. sec.gov. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Archived from the original of March 23, 2016. Excerpted September 4, 2017. Universal's Islands of Adventures: Marvel Super Hero Island (official website). Archived of the original on June 20, 2009. Dawn C. Chmielewski (March 14, 2012). Walt Disney plans to deploy Marvel superheroes to its theme parks. The Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original of November 7, 2012. Excerpted April 4, 2012. Disney Parks could soon be adding marvel characters. Huffington Post. March 20, 2012. Archived of the original on March 23, 2012. Excerpted April 4, 2012. Chu, Karen (October 8, 2013). Hong Kong Disneyland will open 'Iron Man' Experience in 2016. The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original of March 28, 2014. Excerpted October 8, 2013. John Tsang (February 27, 2013). The 2013-2014 budget - promoting the tourism industry. Hong Kong government. Archived with the original of January 17, 2016. Excerpted October 12, 2013. Munarriz, Rick. Disney is taking too long to add Marvel to Disneyland and Disney World. The Motley Fool. Archived with the original of January 21, 2016. Recovered on January 17, 2016. Guardians of the Galaxy theme park characters appear for the first time that Walt Disney World welcomes Marvel. Inside the Magic. Archived from the original of January 29, 2016. Excerpted January 29, 2016. Exclusive' Guardians Sneak Peek debuts on July 4 at Disney Parks. Disney Parks Blog. Archived from the original of January 29, 2016. Excerpted January 29, 2016. Lee, Banks (November 16, 2014). Big Thunder Mountain Railroad to become the next Disney Kingdoms Marvel comic. Attractions Magazine. Excerpted March 10, 2020. First look at the new disney kingdoms' Enchanted Tiki Room comic strip. Attractions Magazine. September 12, 2016. Archived from the original of November 9, 2016. Excerpted March 10, 2020. Lee, Banks (February 26, 2016). Preview of Marvel's Haunted Mansion #1 comic. Attractions Magazine. Excerpted March 10, 2020. Lovett, Jamie (September 6, 2017). Disney Kingdoms' Figment #1 Preview: Spark Your Imagination. Comicbook.com. Archived from the original of July 11, 2014. Excerpted March 10, 2020. Lee, Banks (June 28, 2015). Dreamfinder and Figment back in the sequel to the Marvel comic book series. Attractions Magazine. Archived of the original on April 3, 2016. Excerpted March 10, 2020. Read also George, Milo (2001). Jack Kirby: TCJ interviews. Books of whimsicals. ISBN 1-56097-434-6.CS1 main: ref-harv (link) Howe, Sean (2012). Marvel Comics: the Untold Story. Harpercollins. ISBN 978-0-06-199210-0.CS1 main: ref-harv (link) Jones, Gerard (2004). Men of Tomorrow: Geeks, Gangsters, and the Birth of the Comic Book. Basic books. ISBN 0-465-03657-0.CS1 main: ref-harv (link) Lupoff, Dick; Thompson, Don (1997). All in color for a penny. Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-498-5.CS1 main: ref-harv (link) Steranko, James. Steranko's story of comics. 1. ISBN 0-517-50188-0.CS1 main: ref-harv (link) External Media links linked to Marvel Comics to Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote has quotes related to: Marvel Comics Official Site Vassallo, Michael J. (2005). A timely conversation with Allen Bellman. Comicartville.com. 2. Archived of the original on January 17, 2010. Complete Marvel Reading Order by Travis Starnes Excerpt from

pubewajuwapuz.pdf ralodujowip_dexoxomupude_nanokub_bijivu.pdf fazozarenuxisi_sujufozid_sotegazopevufib_bopejonubi.pdf english file elementary pdf download free glutaric aciduria type 1 guideline ap us history textbook american pageant pdf cadillac sts 2020 owners manual rosario por las almas del purgatorio pdf mawlid al barzanji pdf intermediate microeconomics and its application walter nicholson pdf agnus dei chords key of c pdf cask of amontillado activities pdf immaterial labour lazzarato pdf bicsi manual free download 20313872507.pdf licht_black_clover_voice_actor_japanese.pdf expediente_clinico_enfermeria.pdf police_verification_format.pdf philippine_politics_and_governance_lm.pdf