Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Image Attributions.

The following list contains image and document attributions for the assets used in the lecture videos of Columbia University’s Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), Indigenous Peoples Rights. The attributions are listed in order of appearance.

We hope that this document serves as a useful resource for your own research or interests.

Table of Contents.

Module 1. The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Movement.

Module 2. Right to Self-Determination.

Module 3. Right to Land, Territories, and Resources.

Module 4. Cultural Rights.

Module 5. UN Indigenous Peoples-Related Mechanisms: The Power of Advocacy.

Course Timeline.

Module 1: The Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Movement.

Video: Origins of the Movement,. Christoph Hensch. “Homelands a Human Right.” B&W photo of a protest for Indigenous Peoples. May 1, 2015. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/tb7thg.

Santiago Sito. “Marcha a favor de Evo Morales - Buenos Aires.” Boy holds a flag, marching in favor of Bolivian president/indigenous leader Evo Morales. November, 18, 2019. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2hNH1n1.

Protect the Inlet. “April 7, 2018, Burnaby Mountain, BC, Canada.” Grand Chief Stewart Phillip addresses the crowd. April 7, 2018. Public Domain. https://flic.kr/p/GgDwbe.

1 Broddi Sigurdarson. “confroom2.” Extreme wide shot of UN Permanent Forum on Indigneous Issues UNPFII. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

United Nations, Rick Bajornas. “Even Marking International Day of the Indigenous Peoples.” Two Indigenous women at the UN with earpieces and an Indigenous Peoples sign. August 24, 2016. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/LnNsBi.

The Graphic. “Deskaheh photo.” Newspaper photograph of Chief Deskaheh. 1922. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Deskaheh_photo.JPG.

DOCIP. “The Redman’s Appeal for Justice.” Chief Deskaheh’s appeal to the League of Nations. 1923. Public Domain. https://cendoc.docip.org/collect/deskaheh/index/assoc/HASH0102/5e23c4be.dir/R612- 11-28075-30626-8.pdf.

Parliament of New Zealand. “Toko Ratana.” Portrait of W.T. Ratana of the Maori. 1935. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Toko_Ratana.jpg.

Archives New Zealand. “Te Tiriti o Waitangi - The Treaty of Waitangi - Te Tiriti ki Tauranga - Tauranga sheet.” 1840. CC BY 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Te_Tiriti_o_Waitangi_- _The_Treaty_of_Waitangi_-_Te_Tiriti_ki_Tauranga_-_Tauranga_sheet.jpg.

Archives New Zealand. “Reconstruction of the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, Marcus King.” October 16, 1939. CC BY 2.0. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Reconstruction_of_the_Signing_of_the_Treaty_of_W aitangi,_Marcus_King_(16044258961).jpg.

Wikimedia Commons. “NZ Retro Pattern Crown 1840 Victoria Waitangi.” Coins from 1840 New Zealand. 1840. CC BY-SA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:T%C4%81mati_W%C4%81ka_Nene#/me dia/File:NZ_Retro_Pattern_Crown_1840_Victoria_Waitangi.jpg.

WMNO, Astrid Carlsen. “IYIL2019, Sami Parliament language conference 1.” International Year of Indigenous Languages conference room. February 4, 2019. CC BY- SA 4.0.

2 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IYIL2019,_Sami_Parliament_language_confer ence_1.jpg.

CIFOR, Miguel Pinheiro. “Oil palm in Brazil.” Oil Palm truck in palm field. December 8, 2014. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/229JAE8.

CIFOR, Michael Padmanaba. “Certified timber in a log pond.” Piles of logs. October 7, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/WY6TeX.

Peg Hunter. “IMG_6644-1.” Protest in against the Dakota Access Pipeline. November 15, 2016. https://flic.kr/p/EEHeXz.

United Nations. “Study of the Problem of Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations.” Economic and Social Council. July 30, 1981. https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/MCS_intro_1981_en.pdf.

International Labour Organization. “C169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169).” 1989. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CO DE:C169.

Elsa Stamatopoulou. “2019 language poster.” Two men next to Languages sign. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Video: Two Main Periods of the Movement, UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” UN Women Deputy Executive Director Lakshmi Puri addresses the opening session of the UNPFII, held in the UN General Assembly Hall on 24 April 2017. April 24, 2017. CC BY-NC- ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/SYT3Q4.

Allgemeine Landeskunde: Amerika. “Aztec Indians Mexico Tlaxcalen Cortez.” Depicted in the Tlaxcalan Cortez facsimile ca. mid 1800’s. 1914. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Aztec_Indians_Mexico_Tlaxcalan_Cortez.jpg.

CJLippert. “Nanfan.” General map of the "Beaver Hunting Grounds" described in "Deed from the Five Nations to the King, of their Beaver Hunting Ground," also known as the Nanfan Treaty of 1701. October 28, 2008. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nanfan.svg.

3

US Government Publishing Office. “NATIVE HAWAIIAN GOVERNMENT REORGANIZATION ACT (IA gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-109shrg99723).” March 1, 2005. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NATIVE_HAWAIIAN_GOVERNMENT_REORGA NIZATION_ACT_(IA_gov.gpo.fdsys.CHRG-109shrg99723).pdf.

Archives New Zealand. “Te Tiriti o Waitangi | The Treaty of Waitangi | Te Tiriti ki Tauranga.” Signatures. 1840. CC BY 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Te_Tiriti_o_Waitangi_- _The_Treaty_of_Waitangi_-_Te_Tiriti_ki_Tauranga_-_Tauranga_sheet.jpg.

US National Archives. “World Charter Signed.” UN World Charter signed 12/17/1942- 9/15/1945. 1945. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yo4Ilv1i01M.

United Nations. Charter of the United Nations. San Francisco. 1945. Public Domain. https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/ctc/uncharter.pdf.

International Labour Organization. “C169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169).” 1989. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CO DE:C169.

Universal Newsreel. “1965 Selma March to Montgomery Alabama - Civil rights movement.” Footage of Martin Luther King and others marching on Selma. 1965. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKsVr6cjp-4.

Seattle Municipal Archives. “Bernie Whitebear speaking to Senator Henry M. Jackson during the dedication ceremony for the lease agreement held at , 1971.” November 14, 1971. CC BY 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2jxz5kb.

Seattle Municipal Archives. “Bernie Whitebear presenting Mayor Wes Uhlman with a blanket during the dedication ceremony for the lease agreement.” November 14, 1971. http://archives.seattle.gov/digital-collections/index.php/Detail/objects/193396.

United Nations. “Report of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities to the Commission on Human Rights.” Economic and Social Council. September 1972. https://undocs.org/pdf?symbol=en/E/CN.4/1984/3.

4 United Nations. “International NGO Conference on Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations in the Americas - 1977.” Geneva, Switzerland. September 23, 1977. https://acervo.socioambiental.org/sites/default/files/documents/I5D00027.pdf.

United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

United Nations. “Study of the Problem of Discrimination Against Indigenous Populations.” Economic and Social Council. July 30, 1981. https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/MCS_intro_1981_en.pdf.

Università Ca' Foscari Venezia. “Rigoberta Menchù a Ca' Foscari.” June 7, 2016. CC BY- NC 2.0 https://flic.kr/p/HM3ELN.

United Nations. “International Decade of the World’s Indigenous People. “ A/RES/49/214. February 17, 1995. https://undocs.org/A/RES/49/214.

United Nations. “Second International Decade of the World’s Indigenous People.” 59/174. February 24, 2005. https://undocs.org/A/RES/59/174.

UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” UN Women Deputy Executive Director Lakshmi Puri addresses the opening session of the UNPFII, held in the UN General Assembly Hall on 24 April 2017. April 24, 2017. CC BY-NC- ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/SYT3Q4.

Video: Adoption of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) , United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

5 Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. “Caso de la Comunidad Mayagna (Sumo) Awas Tingni Vs. Nicaragua.” August 31, 2001. https://www.corteidh.or.cr/docs/casos/articulos/Seriec_79_esp.pdf.

Norsk Folkehjelp Norwegian People’s Aid. “Urfolk in Bolivia.” Indigenous women in Bolivia hold up fists. January 12, 2009. CC BY 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Urfolk_i_Bolivia.jpg.

Video: Human Rights and the Internationalization of Indigenous Peoples’ Issues, Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_2354.” Indigenous men in orange with earpieces at the UN. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP.” B&W photo of people holding hands at the Working Group on Indigenous Populations. 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “Xavante delegation WGIP 1992.” B&W photo Xavante delegation at the Working Group on Indigenous Populations. 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP Indigenous.” B&W photo of people standing behind people sitting at the Indigenous Populations. 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP statement.” B&W photo of people taking photos of a chief wearing headdress at the Working Group on Indigenous Populations. (Real photo is in color). 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP diverse speakers.” B&W photo of a row of Indigenous speaker at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP meeting room.” B&W photo of a wide shot of the Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

6 CSIPN. “P1000804.” Pipeline work in Russia. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

CSIPN. “P1000804.” Pipeline work in Russia. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

CSIPN. “P1000556.” One long connected pipeline in Russia. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

CSIPN. “ACTION2005.” Russian protestors with a sign in crycrillic that states “Oil Companies, you need to know on whose land you’re working”. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Becker1999. “Mni Wiconi banner at Oceti Sakowin camp.” Standing Rock, Dakota Access Pipeline protests. November 26, 2016. CC BY 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mni_wiconi_banner_(31015368944).jpg.

Wikimedia Commons. “Wet’suwet’en solidarity banner on oil tank car February 15, 2020 03.” Sign with the words “Which side are you on?”. February 15, 2020. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wet%E2%80%99suwet%E2%80%99en_solida rity_banner_on_oil_tank_car_February_15,_2020_03.jpg.

Module 2: Right to Self-Determination..

Video: Historic Significance of the Right to Self Determination, United Nations. “Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 13 September 2007 Agenda Item 68.” September 13, 2007. Public Domain. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/98/General_Assembly_Resolution _295.pdf.

Darlington Map Collection. “Map of the Five Nations.” January 1, 1730. Public Domain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iroquois#/media/File:Map_of_the_Country_of_the_Five_ Nations_belonging_to_the_province_of_New_York_and_of_the_Lakes_near_which_the _Nations_of_Far_Indians_live_with_part_of_Canada_taken_from_the_Map_of_the_Lo uisiane_done_1730.png.

7 The Graphic. “Deskaheh_photo.JPG.” 1922. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Deskaheh_photo.JPG.

U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. “Constitution of the United States, page 1.” September 17, 1787. Public Domain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States#/media/File:Constitut ion_of_the_United_States,_page_1.jpg.

Library of Congress. “President Coolidge stands with four Osage Indians at a White House ceremony.” 1924. Public Domain. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Citizenship_Act#/media/File:1924_Indian_Citizens hip_Act.jpg.

UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” UN Women Deputy Executive Director Lakshmi Puri addresses the opening session of the UNPFII. April 24, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/U9RJ2j.

Johannes Rohr. “James Anaya, UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples until June 2014 his successor Victoria Tauli-Corpuz, March 2013, Kuala- Lumpur.” March 13, 2013. CC BY-SA 3.0. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Anaya#/media/File:James_Anaya_in_Kuala- Lumpur_(cropped).jpg.

Video: The Right to Self-Determination, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

Video: Right to Secession? Hurst Hannum. “Rethinking Self-Determination.” 1996. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hurst_Hannum/publication/228152121_Rethinki ng_Self-Determination/links/0fcfd513df7055db82000000.pdf.

United Nations. “Declaration on Principles of International Law Friendly Relations and Cooperation Among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.” October 24, 1970. https://www.un.org/ruleoflaw/files/3dda1f104.pdf.

8 UNESDOC. “The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action adopted 25 June 1993.” 1994. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000096121.

Keith Bacongco. “Right to self-determination.” Lumads from all of Mindanao march through the streets of Davao City at the end of a three-day conference at which they discussed and presented what they call the true ‘State of the Indigenous Peoples Address.’ July 31, 2008. CC BY 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/59tNEG.

Video: The Role of Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) , International Labour Organization. “C169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169).” 1989. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CO DE:C169.

United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

United Nations. “Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 22 September 2014 Agenda item 65.” September 25, 2014. https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/69/2.

United Nations/Jean-Marc Ferre. “Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” Participants during the Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. July 12, 2010. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/8rWy4h.

United Nations Development Group. “Guidelines on Indigenous Peoples’ Issues.” October 2009. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/UNDG_guidelines_EN.pdf.

United Nations. “Free, prior and informed consent: a human rights-based approach.” August 10, 2018. https://documents-dds- ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G18/245/94/PDF/G1824594.pdf?OpenElement.

Video: Treaties and the Right to Self-Determination, Archives New Zealand. “Reconstruction of the Signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, Marcus Kind (16044258961).jpg.” Painting of the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi which took place February 6, 1840. October 16, 1939.

9 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Reconstruction_of_the_Signing_of_the_Treat y_of_Waitangi,_Marcus_King_(16044258961).jpg.

United Nations. “Study on treaties, agreements and other constructive arrangements between States and Indigenous populations.” Report by Miguel Alfonso Martínez, Special Rapporteur. June 22, 1999. https://documents-dds- ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G99/137/73/PDF/G9913773.pdf?OpenElement.

Video: Development and Self-Determination, United Nations. “Indigneous peoples: development with culture and identity: articles 3 and 32 of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” Economic and Social Council, Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. February 5, 2010. Public Domain. https://undocs.org/E/C.19/2010/14.

Daniel Bachhuber. “Data collection.” Jyotsna takes down notes of pH, dissolved oxygen, and other indicators of basic water quality as we sample the spring water tank in Nandgaon. March 12, 2008 CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/5aSBdP.

Rikolto. “Data collection - Senegal.” Two African men with an iPad. November 19, 2014. CC BY-NC 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/TTLzNy.

Pawanka Fund. “Exchange Guatenala 5.” Ixil Indigenous women from Guatemala weaving on a waist loom. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved. Permission granted for this project.

Strategies for Northern Development (SND). “4-5 Kenya (1).” Borana pastoralists/Indigenous men with an animal intestine. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved. Permission granted for this project.

Pawanka Fund. “Exchange Guatenala 4.” Indigenous women from Samburu community, Kenya and Akha community, Thailand sharing their knowledge on weaving techniques. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved. Permission granted for this project.

Keith Bacongco. “Right to self-determination.” Lumads from all of Mindanao march through the streets of Davao City at the end of a three-day conference at which they discussed and presented what they call the true ‘State of the Indigenous Peoples Address.’ July 31, 2008. CC BY 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/59tNEG.

10 United Nations. “Indigenous Peoples Sustainable Development Goals.” 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/2016/Docs-updates/Indigenous- Peoples-and-the-2030-Agenda-with-indicators.pdf.

United Nations. “টেকসই উন্ন붼ন লক্ষ্যমাত্রা.” Sustainable Development Goals. December 12, 2019. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A 6%B8%E0%A6%87_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AF%E 0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8 D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6 %BE.png.

UN Women. “Guatemala - Rural Women Diversify Incomes and Build Resilience.” Puente Viejo, Indigeous Women of Polochic valley. April 10, 2018. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/28FSv4S.

United Nations, Cia Pak. “General Assembly Opens Seventy-first General Debate.” ID: 692867. September 20, 2016. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/MKFjjF.

Module 3: Right to Land, Territories, and Resources.

Video: Significance of the Rights to Lands, Territories, and Resources, Bernard Spragg. “Open Country, NZ.” Field, mountains, water, and tree landscape in Dunedln, New Zealand. January 28, 2015. Public Domain. https://flic.kr/p/zJPU2Y.

Francisco Chaves. “Saliendo de casa.” Two people ride in a canoe on the Amazon River. March 2004. CC BY 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/rbkYM.

Agenica Prensa Rural, Véala. “Marcha por la Paz.” National Meeting of Peasant, Afro- descendant and Indigenous Communities for the Land and Peace of Columbia. CC BY-NC- ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/amQdUG.

Bowman Historical Museum, Crook County, Oregon. “Logging in the Ochocos circa 1900.” Two men with cart and horse transporting logs. 1900. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logging_in_the_Ochocos_circa_1900.jpg.

11 IWGIA. “Russia bans indigenous peoples’ traditional fishing.” June 14, 2016. https://www.iwgia.org/en/russia/2419-russia-bans-indigenous-peoples-traditional- fishing.

Fiona Paton. “Home, Sweet Home.” Town shrouded in dump smoke in Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada. August 1, 2014. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/huntfiona/14840488675/in/photostream/.

U.S. Army Alaska (USARAK). “140827-A-ZX807-922.” U.S. Army paratroopers with the 1st Battalion (Airborne), 501st Infantry Regiment, 4th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Airborne), 25th Infantry Division, along with soldiers of the Bangladesh Army’s 46th Independent Infantry Brigade move in a file formation across rice fields during a tactical training exercise. August 27, 2014. https://flic.kr/p/oLwiqb.

Unknown. “Logging truck and bush taxi accident.” A bush taxi gets stuck while trying to pass a stalled logging truck on the road between Abong-Mbang and Lomié, East Province, Cameroon. April 25, 2007. CC BY-SA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Logging_truck_and_bush_taxi_accident.jpg.

Adam Jones. “Sign for Chittagong Hill Tracts Regional Council Office - Rangamati - Chittagong Hill Tracts - Bangladesh.” March 17, 2014. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sign_for_Chittagong_Hill_Tracts_Regional_Co uncil_Office_-_Rangamati_-_Chittagong_Hill_Tracts_-_Bangladesh_(13240614573).jpg.

Unknown. “Cuthbert Cary-Elwes (1867-1945).” Father Cuthbert Cary-Elwes in the company of two Ameridians of the Rupununi region of Guyana.” 1900. Public Domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cuthbert_Cary-Elwes_(1867-1945).jpg.

CIFOR, Icaro Cooke Vieira. “Oil Palm work.” Truck collecting bunches of oil palm fruits. January 20, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/WPn8js.

Video: Significance of Collective Land Ownership, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

12 African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights. “African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights.” Banjul Charter. https://www.achpr.org/legalinstruments/detail?id=49.

United Nations. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” December 10, 1948. https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/.

United Nations. “International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.” December 19, 1966. https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/unts/volume%20999/volume-999-i- 14668-english.pdf.

United Nations. “Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.” December 9, 1948. https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/documents/atrocity- crimes/Doc.1_Convention%20on%20the%20Prevention%20and%20Punishment%20of% 20the%20Crime%20of%20Genocide.pdf.

Video: Land Rights in the UNDRIP, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

Video: Indigenous Peoples Impact on Environmental and Climate Change Debates, CIFOR, Ahtziri Gonzalez. “Landscape View.” Yangami Biosphere Reserve, Democratic Republic of the Congo. November 12, 2018. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2deKcU2.

United Nations, Michos Tzovaras. “Boutros Boutros-Ghali.” A view of the presiding table at the UN Rio Conference. From left to right are: Nitin Desai, Deputy Secretary-General of the Conference; Maurice Strong, Secretary-General of UNCED; Mr. Boutros-Ghali; Collor de Mello; Miles Stoby, Secretary of the Conference; Ismat Kittani, UNCED Secretariat, Special Advisor to the Secretary-General; and Lakhadar Brahimi, Foreign Minister of Algeria, Rapporteur-General of the Conference. June 12, 1992. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/DDcnqe.

United Nations, Joe B Bills III. “Boutros Boutros-Ghali.” Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali and British artist Edwina Sandys unveil Ms. Sandys' sculpture "Paradise

13 Regained" on the grounds of Rio Centro. June 4, 1992. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/DeTXzK.

Venture Uganda Travel. “Mount Elgon NP.” Sign of Mount Elgon National Park Kapkwai Gate. November 25, 2017. CC BY 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/GTdP61.

CIFOR, Ahtziri Gonzalez. “Landscape view.” Banks of the Congo River. November 12, 2018. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2exV7Ls.

Independent Earth Charter Commission. “The Earth Charter.” 2006. https://earthcharter.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/echarter_english.pdf?x28510.

United Nations. “Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development.” 1993. https://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/Agenda%2021.pdf.

United Nations. “Convention on Biological Diversity.” 1992. https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-en.pdf.

Norway UN Mission, Martin Fossum. “Nagoya Protocol signing.” Norway became the 19th country to sign the Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the most important global environmental agreement since the turn of the millennium. May 11, 2011. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://www.flickr.com/photos/norwayun/5714427862/.

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. “CBD Guidelines. Akwé: Kon Guidelines.” 2004. https://www.cbd.int/doc/publications/akwe-brochure-en.pdf.

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. “CBD Code of Conduct. Tkarihwaié:Ri.” 2011. https://www.cbd.int/traditional/code/ethicalconduct-brochure- en.pdf.

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. “Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from the Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity.” 2011. https://www.cbd.int/abs/doc/protocol/nagoya-protocol-en.pdf.

Video: Climate Justice and Indigenous Peoples, United Nations, Mark Garten. “Secretary-General Presents 2007 Development Award.” Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon (left) presents the 2007 UNDP Mahbub ul Haq Award for

14 Excellence in Human Development to Sheila Watt-Cloutier, Advocate on Arctic Climate Change and a political leader representing indigenous communities in Canada, Alaska, Greenland and Russia and a nominee for the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize, at UN Headquarters in New York. June 20, 2007. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/7dDPc5.

United Nations, Mark Garten. “Dog Sledding in Uummannaq, Greenland.” March 26, 2014. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/mwzDSR.

United Nations. “Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, Economic and Social Council Official Records Supplement No. 23.” Report on the seventh session April 21 - May 2 2008. 2008. https://undocs.org/E/C.19/2008/13%20(SUPP).

Democracy Now. “We Do Not Want to Die in Silence: Indigenous People Demand Rights as Draft Climate Deal Reached.” December 7, 2015. https://www.democracynow.org/2015/12/7/we_do_not_want_to_die.

NASA Earth Observatory. “Hurricanes_vir_2017251_lrg.” Composite image of cloud imagery combined with data on city lights. September 8, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/GtNgij.

Xaume Olleros, European Union Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid. “EU humanitarian aid Mauritanian families in the Sahara.” June 25, 2019. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2iDbMgr.

UN Photo, Eskinder Debebe. “Jökulsárlón Glacial Lagoon, Southeast Iceland.” A large glacial lagoon in southeast Iceland. June 28, 2013. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/oZL3VT.

UN Women, Mohammad Rakibul Hasan. “Bangladesh - Flooding, 2019.” Nurun Nahar holds her child amongst extreme flooding with other villagers in the background. July 21, 2019. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2hro1BX.

Waleed0343. “Kalashi People going to Chillam Joshi Festival.” A Kalashi family going to attend the Chillam Joshi Festival, Bumburet, Kalash Valley, Pakistan. May 16, 2016. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalashi_People_going_to_Chillam_Joshi_Festi val.jpg.

15 Msanamsaeed. “Kalash festival.” Women in traditional garb at the Chillam Joshi Festival, Pakistan. May 14, 2015. CC BY-SA 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kalash_festival.jpg.

Aliansi Masyaraka Adat Nusantara (AMAN). “1-2 Indonesia 1”. Indigenous youth camp at Talang Mamak (Rehabilitation of indigenous territories). Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Pawanka Fund. “Field Visit Kenya 2”. Samburu peoples community, Kenya. Elders making fire. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

UN Human Rights, Youtube page. “Effects of Climate change on Indigenous Peoples.” September 22, 2017. All rights reserved. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSebV0NInmg.

Module 4: Cultural Rights.

Video: Why Have Cultural Rights Been Neglected? United Nations. “Right of everyone to take part in cultural life (article 15, paragraph 1 (a), of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights).” Forty-third session 2-20 November 2009. December 21, 2009. https://www.refworld.org/docid/4ed35bae2.html.

Video: Violations of Indigenous Cultural Rights. IWGIA. “Participants WGIP.” B&W photo of Indigenous speaker at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP diverse speakers.” B&W photo of a row of Indigenous speaker at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “WGIP meeting room.” B&W photo wide shot at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1970s/1980s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

16 UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigneous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” Tadodaho Sid Hill, Chief of the Onondaga Nation, delivers the ceremonial welcome at the opening of the Sixteenth Session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. April 24, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/U9RHWj.

Archive.org. “Dakota Access and State Violence.” Brenda White Bull, lineal descendant of Lakota Chief and Standing Rock Sioux Nation citizen, presented an intervention at the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. She spoke on the state and personal violence perpetrated upon Indigenous women and men in the fight against the Dakota Access pipeline. April 25, 2017. CC BY 3.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Descendant_of_Sitting_Bull_speaks_at_UN_a bout_fight_against_Dakota_Access_and_State_Violence.webm.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_9844-2.” Face shot of Indigenous with face paint and headdress. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_2428.” Indigenous Elder, Oren Lyons, at UN. Circa 2000s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Mobilus In Mobili. “Utah Valley of the Gods 17 Mile Drive.” Bears Ears National Monument. November 4, 2018. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/PbZ1EV.

Università Ca' Foscari Venezia. “Rigoberta Menchù a Ca' Foscari.” Giving a speech. June 7, 2016. CC BY-NC 2.0 https://flic.kr/p/HM3ELN.

Università Ca' Foscari Venezia. “Rigoberta Menchù a Ca' Foscari.” Portait. June 7, 2016. CC BY-NC 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/HM3ETb.

WIPO. “Minding Culture: Case Studies on Intellectual Property and Traditional Cultural Expressions.” Geneva 2003. https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/tk/781/wipo_pub_781.pdf.

Geir K. Edland. “Hoodia bainii or gordonii in Tankwa National Park, South Africa.” November 24, 2014. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/phf5iK.

17 United Nations. “Rights of indigenous peoples.” Seventy-fourth session, Item 69 (a). July 17, 2019. https://undocs.org/A/74/149.

Video: Historical Perspective and Brief Legal History of Cultural Rights, United Nations. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” Reproduction of the covers of the French, Russian, English, Chinese and Spanish editions of the pamphlet: "Universal Declaration of Human Rights" published by the Department of Public Information. Circa 1948. https://flic.kr/p/Psf1Hy.

United Nations Department of Public Information. “The universal declaration of human rights 10 December 1948.” December 10, 1948. Public domain. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_universal_declaration_of_human_rights _10_December_1948.jpg.

United Nations. “Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.” December 9, 1948. https://treaties.un.org/doc/Treaties/1951/01/19510112%2008- 12%20PM/Ch_IV_1p.pdf.

Video: Responses of the UNDRIP, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

United Nations. “Ndebele Tribe in South Africa.” People wearing wristbands put their hands in a puddle. January 1, 1985. CC BY-NC-DN 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/63CCfR.

United Nations. “World’s Indigenous Peoples Participate in Launching of International Year. Man in body paint performs. December 10, 1992. CC BY-NC-2.0. https://flic.kr/p/8BJoin.

United Nations. “International Year of the World’s Indigenous Peoples, 1993. Two members of the Quileute Nation displaying the intricate patterns of their button blankets, during the Qatuwas Festival of the indigenous nations of the Pacific Rim. June 27, 1993. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/63CDnx.

18 United Nations. “Commemoration of International Day of Indigenous Peoples.” Joan Henry, Tsalagi Traditional Song-Carrier Elisi, Nuyagi Keetoowah Society, performs a welcoming song at the event as Grand Chief Edward John (left), Vice-Chairperson of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues. August 8, 2014. https://flic.kr/p/peq3L2.

Video: Individual and Group Cultural Rights, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

FIMI. “DSC_0170.” Woman with microphone shows drawing of Culture imagery at Feria Conocimiento. 2019. All rights reserved by the owner. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0353.” Two women seated with fruits and flowers on table in front of them at the UNPFII. 2019. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0025.” Woman speaks before gathering at Feria Conocimento. All rights reserved by the owner. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0339.” Wide shot of people listening to speakers at Feria Conocimento. All rights reserved by the owner. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0632.” Women raise their hands at a meeting at UNPFII. All rights reserved by the owner. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

World Conference of Indigenous Women. “182171104-Lima-Delcaration_web_0.” Progress and Challenges Regarding the Future we Want. October 30, 2013. http://www.forestpeoples.org/sites/default/files/news/2013/11/182171104-Lima- Declaration_web_0.pdf.

FIMI. “DSC_0074.” Elsa Stamatopoulou discussing non-distcrimination at Columbia University. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0074.” Elsa Stamatopoulou listens to discussion at Columbia University. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

19

FIMI. “DSC_0328.” Woman at whiteboard during FIMI meeting at Columbia University. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

FIMI. “DSC_0572.” Group discussion at table during FIMI meeting. Recomendaciones del Foro Permanente como herramientas para la incidencia. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

Video: Protection of Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK) , World Intellectual Property Organization. “WIPO Training and Mentoring Program on IP for Women Entrepreneurs from Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities.” Group shot of women in front of WIPO signage. November 13, 2019. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2hKJedm.

UK Department for International Development. “A rainmaker illustrates the rainmaking procedures in the shrine.” Thomas Osore Omulako, 74, illustrates one of the rainmaking procedures in the shrine. December 15, 2009. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/7hKQ6c.

CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Systems. “Indigenous knowledge for resilience in marginal drylands - Tunisia.” Farmers use stones to build ‘jessours’ for water harvesting. December 18, 2013. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/nZxYsS.

The Archipelago Indigenous Youth Front/Barisan Pemuda Adat Nusantara (BPAN). “3-3 Indonesia.” The process of making Kecapi (the lute). Circa 2000s. Permission granted for this project.

United Nations Development Programme. “Human Development Report 2004.” Cultural Liberty in Today’s Diverse World. 2004. http://hdr.undp.org/en/content/human- development-report-2004.

United Nations. “Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” December 10, 1948. https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/.

United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

20

World Intellectual Property Organization. “The WIPO Intergovernmental Committee on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore.” 2015. CC BY 3.0 IGO. https://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/wipo_pub_tk_2.pdf.

FIMI. “FIMI14.” Four women, one with microphone holding up traditional clothing. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

World Intellectual Property Organization, Emmanuel Berrod. “New Training and Mentoring Program for Indignous Women Entrepreneurs.” Woman holds up a pamphlet in front of a WIPO sign, standing next to a yellow traditional dress.” November 11, 2019. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/2hKH9gJ.

Video: The Significance and Role of Cultural Rights in Mending Historical Injustices, Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. “They Came for the Children: Canada, aboriginal peoples, and the residential schools.” 2012. https://humanrights.ca/education-resources/record/1c915d23-4d65-4b66-9735- 6e2a14527d5a/.

Module 5: UN Indigenous Peoples-Related Mechanisms: The Power of Advocacy

Video: Why Was the UNPFII Created? International Justice Resource Center. “Reflecting on the Vienna Declaration 20 Years Later” 20 Years Working for Your Rights, 1993 World Conference on Human Rights. July 1, 2013. https://ijrcenter.org/2013/07/01/reflecting-on-the-vienna-declaration-20- years-later/.

United Nations. “Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, Report on the first session (13-24 May 2002).” Economic and Social Council, Official Records, 2002, Supplement No. 23.” 2002. https://undocs.org/E/CN.19/2002/3/Rev.1.

21 Video: What Is the Forum’s Mandate and Membership? UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” Wide shot of room at the UN General Assembly. April 24, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/U9RHVC.

UN Women. “UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues 2017 - Opening Session.” Medium shot of several people at the UN General Assembly. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/U9RHYJ.

Norway UN Mission, Sigrun Agøy Engum. “Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues UN.” Extreme wide shot of UNPFII at the UN General Assembly. May 7, 2012. https://flic.kr/p/bUFggh.

United Nations. “Establishment of a Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues.” Economic and Social Council, 2000/22. July 28, 2000. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/about-us/resolution- e200022.html.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “NZ delegation UN Forum on Indigenous Issues.” New Zealanders celebrate their country's endorsement of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2010. April 19, 2010. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NZ_delegation_UN_Forum_on_Indigenous_Is sues.jpg.

Video: Who Participates at the Permanent Forum/Who Are the Observers? Carwil Bjork-James. “Plenary meeting of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, held at United Nations Headquarters in New York.” April 27, 2015. CC BY-SA 4.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:United_Nations_Permanent_Forum_on _Indigenous_Issues#/media/File:UNPFII_2015_Plenary.jpg.

United Nations. “Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, Report on the first session (13-24 May 2002).” Economic and Social Council, Official Records, 2002, Supplement No. 23.” 2002. https://undocs.org/E/CN.19/2002/3/Rev.1.

Video: How Does the Forum Interpret Its Mandate and Conduct Its Work?

22 Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_2468.” Two women with desk microphones speaking at the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_3036.” Portrait shot of three people at desk with chair woman at the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

United Nations. “Establishment of a Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues.” Economic and Social Council, 2000/22. July 28, 2000. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/about-us/resolution- e200022.html.

United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “NZ delegation UN Forum on Indigenous Issues.” New Zealanders celebrate their country's endorsement of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in 2010. April 19, 2010. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NZ_delegation_UN_Forum_on_Indigenous_Is sues.jpg.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_2305.” Two people, a man and a woman, perform in traditional clothing at the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Video: UNDRIP and the Forum’s New Mandate, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

United Nations. “Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, Report on the eight session (18-29 May 2009).” Economic and Social Council Official Records, Supplement No. 23. 2009. https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/E_C_19_2009_14_en.pdf.

23 Video: How Other Actors Work in Relation to the Permanent Forum, United Nations. “Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 22 September 2014 Agenda item 65.” September 25, 2014. https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/69/2.

United Nations, ECLAC. “Guaranteeing indigneous people’s rights in Latin America.” Progress in the past decade and remaining challenges. 2014. https://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/37051.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_2309-2.” Tadodaho Sid Hill, Chief of the Onondaga Nation and son at UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Video: International Context for Monitoring Human Rights, United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

International Labour Organization. “C169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169).” 1989. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CO DE:C169.

Organization of American States (OAS). “American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” June 15, 2016 https://www.oas.org/en/sare/documents/DecAmIND.pdf.

FIMI. “DSC_0568.” Women sit and speak with microphone in front of Sustainable Development Goals sign. 2019. All rights reserved by the owner. 2019. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_4317.” Three UN officials sit in front of UN background. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_3026.” Asian woman speaks at UN. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

24 United Nations. “Convention on the Rights of the Child.” November 20, 1989. https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/crc.aspx.

United Nations. “UPR Review Process.” Circa 2020. https://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/upr/pages/uprmain.aspx.

United Nations. “International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.” No. 14668. December 19, 1966. https://treaties.un.org/doc/publication/unts/volume%20999/volume-999-i-14668- english.pdf.

United Nations. “International Human Rights Instruments.” Compilation of General Comments and General Recommendations adopted by human rights treaty bodies.” May 27, 2008. https://undocs.org/en/HRI/GEN/1/Rev.9(Vol.II).

Horacio Fernandez. “Moais, Isla de Pascua.” Easter Island, Chile. December 12, 2007. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Moais,_Isla_de_Pascua._-_panoramio.jpg.

ESCR-Net. “Case of the Mayagna (Sumo) Awas Tingni Community v. Nicaragua [ENG].” 2003. https://www.escr-net.org/caselaw/2006/case-mayagna-sumo-awas-tingni- community-v-nicaragua- eng#:~:text=to%20COVID%2D19-,Case%20of%20the%20Mayagna%20(Sumo)%20Awas %20Tingni%20Community%20v.

Richard Salgado. “Territorio indígena, Mayagna Sauni Bas, en La Reserva de la Biosfera BOSAWAS. (Rio Uly). Margen isquierda. Siuna, RAAN, Nic. - panoramio.” Mayagna Territory, Nicaragua. May 14, 2013. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Territorio_ind%C3%ADgena,_Mayagna_Sauni _Bas,_en_La_Reserva_de_la_Biosfera_BOSAWAS._(Rio_Uly)._Margen_isquierda._Siuna, _RAAN,_Nic._-_panoramio.jpg.

Richard Salgado. “Indigenas Mayagnas, transportando bananas en balsas, en el rio Bambana. - panoramio.” Mayagna Territory, Nicaragua. January 25, 2013. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Indigenas_Mayagnas,_transportando_banana s_en_balsas,_en_el_rio_Bambana._-_panoramio.jpg.

African Union. “African Course on Human and Peoples’ Rights v. Republic of Kenya.” Application No. 006/2012. May 26, 2007. https://en.african-

25 court.org/images/Cases/Judgment/Application%20006- 2012%20-%20African%20Commission%20on%20Human%20and%20Peoples%E2%80%9 9%20Rights%20v.%20the%20Republic%20of%20Kenya..pdf.

Video: The Mandate of the UN Special Rapporteur, Sámediggi Sametinget. “Rodolfo Stavenhagen (10400317793).” Photo of UN Special Rapporteur 2001 - 2006. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodolfo_Stavenhagen#/media/File:Rodolfo_Stavenhagen _(10400317793)_(cropped).jpg

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_4190.” James Anaya and Victoria Tauli-Corpuz. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

United States Mission Geneva/Eric Bridiers. “CERD Chairperson Jose Francisco Cali Tzay.” August 13, 2014. CC BY-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/oFnArj.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “P1280096.” James Anaya. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Video: Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (EMRIP) , Tom Page. “IMG_1965.” United Nations in Geneva, Switzerland. June 15, 2012. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/cqqBJu.

Video: Conclusion, John Harrington. “Front of march procession.” People march with banner that reads, ‘Indigneous Peoples March.” January 18, 2019. CC BY-SA 4.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples_March#/media/File:Front_of_march _procession.jpg.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “BRO_3191.” Group of Indigenous Peoples standing outside in Bolivia. Man wearing sweater vest. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

IWGIA. “Xavante delegation WGIP 1992.” B&W photo of a row of Indigenous speaker at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

26 IWGIA. “WGIP.” B&W photo of a a group of people holding hands at Working Group on Indignous Populations (WGIP). Circa 1992. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “participants_34.” Group of Indigenous Peoples cheering at UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “confroom2.” Wide shot of the meeting of UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, UNPFII. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “ecuador_37.” Shot of woman doing interview with television crew. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “willie.” Shot of man at podium speaking at the UN World Conference on Indigenous Peoples. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

United Nations. “United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.” UNDRIP. September 13, 2007. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/wp- content/uploads/sites/19/2018/11/UNDRIP_E_web.pdf.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_3165.” Three men at desk at the UN World Conference on Indigenous Peoples, Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, EMRIP. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “ecuador_1.” Man and woman at a market in Ecuador. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “halau_i_ka_wekiu.” Woman in headdress portrait. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “SG_mohawk.” Group shot of Indigenous Peoples and officials at UN. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

27 Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_3437.” Man interviewed by several news reporters on crowded steps. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “participants_40.” Men in headdresses clapping. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_3041.” Side portrait of African Indigenous Woman . Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

Broddi Sigurdarson. “IMG_3483.” Group of UN officials and Indigenous Peoples on steps indoors, including Elsa Stamatopoulou. Circa 2010s. All rights reserved by the owner. Permission granted for this project.

United Nations. “Event MArking International Day of World’s Indigenous Peoples.” Grand Chief Wilton Littlechild, a Cree Chief from Canada, makes a ceremonial call to order. August 9, 2017. CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. https://flic.kr/p/Y2qL1d.

Course Timeline.

Below are attributions for the images used in the course’s recurring timeline. International Labour Organization. “Migrant worker working in Thailand’s fishery sector.” Date Unknown. https://www.ilo.org/asia/areas/forced-labour/lang-- en/index.htm.

OACNUDH - Guatemala. “Sr. Augusto Willemsen Díaz.” Circa 2013. https://www.facebook.com/OACNUDHGuatemala/photos/a.10153569307295548/1015 3569308380548/?type=3&theater.

DepositPhotos.com. “The Palais des Nations.” Photo of United Nations Headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Circa 2000s. https://depositphotos.com/stock-photos/geneva- un.html.

John Mathew Smith. “Rigoberta Menchu.” 2001. CC BY-SA 2.0. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rigoberta_Menchu.jpg.

28 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. https://www.culturalsurvival.org/undrip.

United Nations/Loey Felipe. “Photo # 602505.” Indigenous Woman in headdress. September 23, 2014. https://www.unmultimedia.org/photo/detail.jsp?id=602/602505&key=714&query=indi genous&so=0&sf=date.

IFLA. “2019 International Year of Indigenous Languages.” 2019. https://www.ifla.org/node/91892.

Noticias ONU. “Cientos de represetantes de pueblos originarios se dan cita estos días en la ONU.” Man in headdress at UNPFII. Circa 2015. https://twitter.com/NoticiasONU/status/730398185168973824.

29