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E75-Vaccine Composition for Mucosal Administration

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(19) TZZ ___T (11) EP 2 762 161 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 06.08.2014 Bulletin 2014/32 A61K 39/00 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 14000326.0 (22) Date of filing: 29.01.2014 (84) Designated Contracting States: • Okubo, Katsuyuki AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB Ibaraki-shi, GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO Osaka 567-8680 (JP) PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR • Maeda, Yoshiki Designated Extension States: Ibaraki-shi, BA ME Osaka 567-8680 (JP) • Shishido, Takuya (30) Priority: 05.02.2013 JP 2013020909 Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-8680 (JP) (71) Applicant: NITTO DENKO CORPORATION • Li, Wenjing Ibaraki-shi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-8680 (JP) Osaka 567-8680 (JP) • Hori, Mitsuhiko (72) Inventors: Ibaraki-shi, •Asari,Daisuke Osaka 567-8680 (JP) Ibaraki-shi, •Sugiyama,Haruo Osaka 567-8680 (JP) Suita-shi, • Okazaki, Arimichi Osaka 565-0871 (JP) Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-8680 (JP) (74) Representative: Müller-Boré & Partner • Matsushita, Kyohei Patentanwälte PartG mbB Ibaraki-shi, Friedenheimer Brücke 21 Osaka 567-8680 (JP) 80639 München (DE) (54) E75-vaccine composition for mucosal administration (57) The present invention provides a cancer vaccine composition for mucosal administration comprising (i) a HER2/neu E75 peptide and/or a modified HER2/neu E75 peptide; and (ii) a first cellular immunity induction promoter. EP 2 762 161 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 762 161 A1 Description TECHNICAL FIELD 5 [0001] The present invention relates to a cancer vaccine for mucosal administration comprising a HER2 antigen peptide, particularly a HER2/neu E75 peptide and/or a modified HER2/neu E75 peptide, and a cellular immunity induction promoter. BACKGROUND ART 10 [0002] There are a cancer vaccine that prevents viral infection to prevent a cancer caused by the virus, and a cancer vaccine which provides the result that cancer cells are specifically attacked by the immune system via the recognition of a cancer-specific antigen by the immune mechanism, particularly the cellular immune mechanism in which cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) play an important role. The former is not effective at all for a cancer in which the virus does not participate. 15 The latter is a cancer therapeutic strategy of targeting an antigen possessed by a cancer cell itself. It is considered that the latter is widely effective for cancers having antigen by specifying the antigen. Inter alia, a cancer vaccine based on the viewpoint of the latter can treat tumors that are difficult to remove by surgical operation because of their size, and causes less side effects as compared with the conventional therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. [0003] A HER2/neu gene is amplified and overexpressed in various adenocarcinomas including breast cancer. Those 20 cancers overproduce the HER2/neu protein. The HER2/neu protein is fragmented in the cancer cell to produce partial peptides containing 8 to 12 amino acids. A HER2/neu peptide is one of the peptide fragment which has been bound with the MHC class I molecule in a cancer cell, moved to the surface of the cancer cell, and presented as an antigen bound to the MHC class I molecule on the cancer cell surface. The peptide becomes a mark of the cancer cell. The HER2/neu E75 peptide, which is a HLA-A2 or A3 haplotype MHC restricted peptide, is considered as a particularly 25 promising HER2/neu peptide because it is reported to be effective in clinical tests. The amino acid sequence of the HER2/neu E75 peptide is Lys-Ile-Phe-Gly-Ser-Leu-Ala-Phe-Leu (SEQ ID NO: 1). When HER2/neu E75 peptide, or a modified HER2/neu E75 peptide in which a part of amino acids of the HER2/neu E75 peptide is substituted or modified is administered to a living body as an antigen (herein, the HER2/neu E75 peptide or modified HER2/neu E75 peptide which has been administered as an antigen is referred to as "E75 antigen peptide"), the E75 antigen peptide is bound 30 to the MHC class I molecule on the surface of a dendritic cell which is an antigen presenting cell, or the E75 antigen peptide is once taken into a dendritic cell, bound to the MHC class I molecule of the dendritic cell, and then, is moved to the surface of the dendritic cell, thereby, is presented as an antigen bound to the MHC class I molecule on the surface of the dendritic cell. An activated dendritic cell having the E75 antigen peptide/MHC class I molecule complex is moved to the regional lymph node, and activates a CD8-positive T lymphocyte which recognizes the E75 antigen peptide/MHC 35 class I molecule complex to differentiate and proliferate the CD8-positive T lymphocyte into a cytotoxic T-cell (CTL). The CTL recognizes tumor cells having the complex of HER2/neu E75 peptide (derived from the endogenous HER2/neu protein) of the same amino acid sequence as the E75 antigen peptide and the MHC class I molecule; or a tumor cell having a complex of HER2/neu E75 peptide (derived from the endogenous HER2/neu protein) of an amino acid sequence having cross immunoreactivity with the E75 antigen peptide and the MHC class I molecule, and attacks the recognized 40 tumor cells. Therefore, the HER2/neu E75 peptide, and the modified HER2/neu E75 peptide in which a part of amino acids thereof are substituted or modified are useful as cancer vaccines. [0004] It is also known that an adjuvant is utilized in order to enhance the action as cancer vaccine of the HER2/neu E75 peptide. The HER2/neu E75 peptide has been investigated and reported to involve immunization by injection, and GM-CSF is known as an adjuvant to be used on that occasion. 45 [0005] In general, vaccines are administered by subcutaneous or intradermal injection. In addition to those routes, immunity induction by a various of administration route, for example, transdermal administration (Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1); and mucosal administration such as buccal administration, nasal administration, and sublingual administration (Non-Patent Document 2, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3) have been tried. 50 LIST OF DOCUMENTS [0006] [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. US 2008/0193487 55 [Patent Document 2] JP 2002-531415 A [Patent Document 3] US Patent Application Publication No. US 2008/0112974 [Patent Document 4] JP 7-505883 A [Patent Document 5] JP 2007-529531 A 2 EP 2 762 161 A1 [Non-Patent Document 1] Hosoi Akihiro et al., Cancer Research, 68, 3941-3949 (2008) [Non-Patent Document 2] Zhengrong Cui et al., Pharmaceutical Research, Vol. 19, No. 7, 947-953 (2002) [Non-Patent Document 3] Mittendorf EA et al., Cancer Immunol Immunother., 57(10), 1511-1521 (2008) [Non-Patent Document 4] George EP et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology, 23(30), 7536-7545 (2005) 5 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0007] It is well known that an adjuvant is used to enhance efficacy of a vaccine. Suitable adjuvant generally vary depending on, for example, the kind of the antigen, the administration route, and the immune response which is desired 10 to be induced (that is, cellular immunity or humoral immunity). Further, in addition to the adjuvant, there are a variety of substances which promote the induction of the immunity. Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a com- position for use as a cancer vaccine, which has higher efficacy and is convenient for use. [0008] A microorganism or a virus itself, or a part of them is contained in a widely used vaccine and the vaccine is administered to induce immune response. Usually, since invasion of the microorganism or virus is inhibited by the skin 15 due to the size thereof, it is difficult that the vaccine is administered on the skin. Furthermore, it is also difficult to adm inister the vaccine orally because the microorganism or virus is decomposed by gastric acid and digestive enzymes. Therefore, injectable formulations which are invasively administered into the body have been generally utilized. However, the injection has some problems including pain, fear, injection scar, and subsequent scarring cicatrization. People other than health care workers are not permitted to perform the injection. Intradermal injection which can introduce higher 20 immune response is a difficult administration technique. There is a risk of accidental infection of the health care workers due to needlestick injury. Patients are needed to visit the hospital repeatedly when administration is performed repetitively. Medical wastes which necessitate special disposition such as injection needles are generated. In view of the above issues, injection is not necessarily the optimal administration route. [0009] A HER2/neu E75 peptide and/or a modified HER2/neu E75 peptide can activate CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) via 25 MHC class I molecules. Furthermore, since HER2/neu E75 peptide is a molecule consisting of 9 amino acids and having a molecular weight of about 1000, and is significantly smaller than microorganisms or virus itself although they are not considered as a small molecular substance. It may be possible that they are administered by a route other than injection. However, a preparation for the administration of the peptide vaccine in a rout other than injection has not been developed yet. The reason includes many things, for example: a suitable substance that can promote to induce the cellular immunity 30 has been unknown; it has also been unknown whether or not an antigen can be delivered to a tissue suitable for the induction of the cellular immunity.
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    RESEARCH ARTICLE Common use of high doses of antipsychotic medications in older Asian patients with schizophrenia (2001–2009) † Yu-Tao Xiang1,2, , Yan Li1, Christoph U. Correll3, Gabor S. Ungvari4,5, Helen F.K. Chiu1, Kelly Y. C. Lai1, † Quan-Sheng Tang6,7, , Wei Hao6, Tian-Mei Si8, Chuan-Yue Wang2, Edwin H. M Lee9, Yan-Ling He10, Shu-Yu Yang11, Mian-Yoon Chong12, Ee-Heok Kua13, Senta Fujii14, Kang Sim15, Michael K.H. Yong16, Jitendra K. Trivedi17, Eun-Kee Chung18, Pichet Udomratn19, Kok-Yoon Chee20, Norman Sartorius21, Chay-Hoon Tan22 and Naotaka Shinfuku23 1Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 2Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 3Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, Glen Oaks, NY, USA 4School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia 5The University of Notre Dame Australia/Marian Centre, Perth, Australia 6Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China 7Nanning Red Cross Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi Province, China 8The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Mental Health and Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China 9Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 10Department of Psychiatric Epidemiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China 11Department of Pharmacy, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 12Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 13Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 14Hyogo Institute for Traumatic Stress (HITS), Kobe, Japan 15Department of General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore 16Department of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital/Jurong Health Services, Singapore 17Department of Psychiatry, C.S.M.