International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 10, Issue 11, November 2019, pp. 136-143, Article ID: IJCIET_10_11_015 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=10&Issue=11 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 © IAEME Publication

STUDY OF LAND WATER POTENTIAL AS SUPPORTING WATER SOURCES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN KAPUAS DISTRICT

Hendra Wahyudi Lecturer at Civil Engineering and Planning Department, ITS, Surabaya,

ABSTRACT Indonesia has two seasons, the rainy season and the dry season, during the dry season there are often haze and drought disasters, this is due to a lot of land clearing and the occurrence of forest and peat fires. One area that often fires is in the Kapuas of Central province. Kapuas Regency which is currently based on Undang-undang No 5 Tahun 2002 is a district resulting from the expansion of with an area of 14,999 km2 has a northern topographic condition in the form of hilly areas with a slope of 8º- 15º while the southern part is a swampy area. Kapuas Regency is one of the mainstays of the agricultural sector. Since almost 65% of 's rice production is supplied from Kapuas Regency, the potential of agricultural land is 76.80 thousand hectares and there are still 277 thousand hectares of land that has potential to be developed, so that every year often smoke disaster caused by land clearing. This study looks at the potential of groundwater in Kapuas Regency to overcome the problem of haze by conducting geoelectric investigations to see the potential of existing groundwater. Geological investigations are used to see the potential of groundwater in the Kapuas Regency with the resistivity geoelectric method. Based on geoelectric mapping carried out in Kapuas Regency in the areas of Batuah, Lamunti, Dadahup, Bungai Jaya and Palingkaumaka the results can be used to overcome the haze even though the potential is very small between 0.3 l / sec to 3 l / sec. Keywords: Kapuas Regency, Smoke Haze, Groundwater Potential, and Geoelectricity Cite this Article: Hendra Wahyudi, Study of Land Water Potential as Supporting Water Sources in Disaster Management in Kapuas District. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology 10(11), 2019, pp. 136-143. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=10&Issue=11

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1. INTRODUCTION Indonesia has two seasons, the rainy season and the dry season, during the dry season there are often haze and drought disasters, this is due to a lot of land clearing and forest and peat fires. One area that often fires is the Kapuas district of Central Kalimantan province. Kapuas Regency which is currently based on Law number 5 of 2002 is a district resulting from the expansion of Gunung Mas Regency with an area of 14,999 km2 has a northern topographic condition in the form of hilly areas with a slope of 8º-15º while the southern part is a swampy area. Kapuas Regency is one of the mainstays of the agricultural sector because almost 65% of Central Kalimantan's rice production is supplied from Kapuas District, the potential of agricultural land is 76.80 thousand hectares and there are still 277 thousand hectares of land that has potential to be developed so that every year often smoke disaster caused by land clearing. To extinguish fires in areas far from water sources often experience difficulties, so new water sources need to be found, one of which is ground water. Potential groundwater does not spread evenly depending on the distribution of aquifers, so it is necessary to research the location of the aquifer. The position of the aquifer and the type of aquifer can be known its ability to store groundwater

2. PROBLEM FORMULATION Research on the study of groundwater potential for the prevention of smoke disasters in Kapuas District, based on background exposure, the following problems can be formulated:  It is suspected that the Kapuas area has groundwater potential that can be used to overcome fire hazards.  Predicted reliability using geoelectricity can be used to determine the location of aquifers that have the potential to store groundwater.

3. LIMITATION PROBLEMS Research conducted under the heading "Study of Potential Groundwater for Smoke Disaster Management in Kapuas Regency" has the following limitations:  This research is only done in the District of Batuah, Lamunti, Dadahup, and You are located far from the river.  This study used only geological data for groundwater aquifer interventions with potential groundwater.

4. EXPECTED BENEFITS AND OBJECTIVES The benefits and objectives to be achieved from this research activity are as follows:  This research when viewed from the side of science is expected to be able to add to the treasury of science, especially the problem of tidal land.  The results of this study are expected to be used as a guide in developing groundwater.  The results of this study can be used as input for policy makers in utilizing ground water to overcome the smoke disaster

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5. THEORETICAL BASIS Resistivity geoelectric is a method of estimating the structure of subsurface rock layers based on the resistivity value of each type of rock that is measured when an electric current is fed into the earth through 2 current electrodes. Electric current flowing through 2 electrodes produces a potential difference that can be measured using two potential electrodes. The results of current measurements and potential differences of each electrode distance produce variations in the price of the type of resistance of each rock layer below the measuring point. Resistivity prices for various types of rocks can be seen in Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1. Rock Resistivity Value

Source : Telford, Geldart and Sheriff,1976

Table 1. Rock Resistivity Value

Source : Verhoef, 1994 According to Robinson (1988), the interpretation of resistivity geoelectric measurements is based on the following assumptions:  The subsurface consists of several layers bounded by horizontal boundary planes and there is a resistivity contrast between the boundary planes per layer.  The earth layer is homogeneous isotropic and has a certain thickness, except for the lowest layer has a thickness that is unreachable.  The boundary between two layers is the boundary plane between two different resistivities.  There is no other source of electricity in the earth besides direct electricity (DC) that is injected above the earth's surface.

6. METHOD The research method is a step of research carried out from beginning to end so that a conclusion can be drawn. The steps for geoelectric mapping using the Schlumberger configuration resistivity method use 4 electrodes, each with 2 current electrodes and 2 potential electrodes as shown in Figure 1.

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Figure 1. Schlumberger Configuration

7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of the geoelectric measurements conducted in the Kapuas Regency in the areas of Batuah, Lamunti, Dadahup, and Mostau can be seen in Figure 2 to Figure 8.

Figure 2. Results of Interpretation of Geoelectric Measurement in Batu (BTH1)

Figure 3. Results of Interpretation of Geoelectric Measurement in Batu (BTH2)

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Figure 4. Interpretation Results of Lamunti B2 Geoelectric Measurement

Figure 5. Results of the Interpretation of the Lamunti Region Geoelectric Measurement A2

Figure 6. Results of the Interpretation of the Lamunti Geoelectric Measurement B1

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Figure 7. Results of Interpretation of Dadahup Regional Geoelectric Measurement

Figure 8. Results of Interpretation of Palingkau Regional Geoelectric Measurement Discussion of the results of the geoelectrical investigation as can be seen in Figures 2 through 8.  Rock lithology location Rock is composed of mud, clay, sand, crust and boulder. A good aquifer layer in this area is sand that is identified at point Rock 1. While point Rock 2 is not identified by the aquifer layer. In Batu 1 the aquifer layer was identified at a depth of 121.4 to 150.27 meters; layer thickness of 28.87 meters; rock resistivity value of 94.78 μm; depressed aquifer type with upper impermeable layer of limestone and lower impermeable layer of loose rock; transmissivity 0.00401 m2 / sec and potential discharge 1,921 L / sec.  Lithology of the Lamunti B2 location composed of clay, sandy silt, gravel, peat, and crust. A good aquifer layer in this area is sandy silt and gravel / peat identified at points Lamunti B2-1 and B2-2. In lamunti B2-1 the aquifer layer was identified at a depth of 0.65 to 30.20 meters; layer thickness of 29.55 meters and potential discharge of 0.409L / sec while at depths of 85.31 to 220 meters; the thickness of the layer is 134.69 meters and the potential discharge is 1.865 L / sec. The total potential debit that is owned by the point of Lamunti B2-1 is 2.27 L / sec. In the B2-2 layer aquifer layers were identified at depths of 12.95 to 38.22 meters; layer thickness of 25.27 meters; and a potential discharge of 0.799 L / s while at a depth of 74.82 to 96.25 meters; layer thickness of 21.43 meters; and potential debits 0.297 L / s. The total potential discharges held by Lamunti B2-2 point are 1.09 L / s.  Lithology of the Lamunti A2 location composed of clay, sandy silt, and crust. A good aquifer layer in this area is sandy silt and sand identified at Lamunti point A2-1 and A2-2. In Lamunti

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A2-1 the aquifer layer was identified at a depth of 9.57 to 31.95 meters; layer thickness of 22.38 meters; and a potential discharge of 0.310L / sec. Whereas in A2-2 the aquifer layer was identified at a depth of 5.11 to 15.24 meters; layer thickness of 10.13 meters; and a potential discharge of 0.676 L / sec. And groundwater potential discharge of 0.310 - 0.676 L / sec.  Lithology of the location of Lamunti B1 rock composed of clay, sandy silt, gravel, peat, and crust. Good aquifer layers in this area are sandy silt, sand and gravel / peat identified at points Lamunti B1-1 and B1-2. In Lamunti B1-1 the aquifer layer at a depth of 3.88 to 36.59 meters; layer thickness of 32.71 meters and potential discharge of 0.453L / sec. And the depth of 58.87 to 163.90 meters; layer thickness of 105.03 meters; and potential debit 1,455 L / sec. Total potential debit owned by Lamunti point B1-1 is 1.9 L / sec. In the B1-2 layer aquifer layer at a depth of 6.54 to 13.57 meters; layer thickness of 7.03 meters; and a potential discharge of 0.223 L / sec. And at a depth of 106.53 to 140 meters; layer thickness of 33.47 meters; and potential debit 2,227 L / sec. The total potential debit owned by the Lamunti B2-2 point is 2,45 L / sec.  The lithology of rocky sites is composed of clay, sand, sand, silt, and loose rocks. The best aquifer layers in this area are the lake basins identified at points 1 and 2. At Dadahup 1 aquifer layers at depths of 12.17 to 31.24 meters; a layer thickness of 19.07 meters and a potential debit of 0.265L / sec. At Dadahup the aquifer was identified at 11.96 to 37 meters depth; a layer thickness of 25.04 meters and a potential debit of 0.347 L / sec. Also 56.68 to 74.72m depth; layer thickness of 18.04m of potential debit is 0.250 L / det .Total debit points are owned by a Duplicate point 2 of 0.590 L / det.  Rock lithology Most locations are composed of clay, sandy silt, gravel, crust, and loose chunks. A good aquifer layer in this area is sandy silt and gravel identified at the most remote point 1, while the most remote point 2 is not identified by the aquifer layer. At least 1 aquifer layer at a depth of 11.14 to 20.58 meters; a layer thickness of 9.44 meters and a potential discharge of 0.131 L / sec. And at a depth of 120.61 to 145.11 meters; the thickness of the layer is 24.5 meters and the potential discharge is 0.775 L / sec. The total potential debit that is owned by the most recent point 1 is 0.90 L / sec.

8. CONCLUSION Based on the geolecular mapping results in Batuah District, Lamunti, Dadahup, Bungai Jaya andPaling You show the following potentials:  The Batuah District has an aquifer depth of between 121.4 m to 150.27 m with a debit potential of 1,921lt / sec.  Lamunti B District has two aquifer layers with potential groundwater potential of between 1.09 lt / dt up to 2.27 lt / dt while Lamunti District A has a potential of 0.31 lt / t up to 0.676 lt / dt  Dadahup District has a groundwater potential of 0.265 lt / dt up to 0.59 lt / dt.  You have a groundwater potential of 0.9 lt / dt.

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