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Challenges and Techniques for Presurgical Brain Mapping with Functional MRI
Challenges and techniques for presurgical brain mapping with functional MRI The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Silva, Michael A., Alfred P. See, Walid I. Essayed, Alexandra J. Golby, and Yanmei Tie. 2017. “Challenges and techniques for presurgical brain mapping with functional MRI.” NeuroImage : Clinical 17 (1): 794-803. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.12.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.nicl.2017.12.008. Published Version doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2017.12.008 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:34651769 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA NeuroImage: Clinical 17 (2018) 794–803 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect NeuroImage: Clinical journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ynicl Challenges and techniques for presurgical brain mapping with functional T MRI ⁎ Michael A. Silvaa,b, Alfred P. Seea,b, Walid I. Essayeda,b, Alexandra J. Golbya,b,c, Yanmei Tiea,b, a Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA b Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA c Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA ABSTRACT Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is increasingly used for preoperative counseling and planning, and intraoperative guidance for tumor resection in the eloquent cortex. Although there have been improvements in image resolution and artifact correction, there are still limitations of this modality. -
Medical Term for Spine
Medical Term For Spine Is Urban encircled or Jacobethan when tosses some deflections Jacobinising alfresco? How Ethiopian is Fonz when undercuttingprobationary and locoedformulated ahorse, Stefan uncompounded recommence andsome laigh. fifers? Si rage his Saiva niche querulously or therewith after Reagan Centers for too extensively or destroy nerve roots exit the term for back pain Information on spinal stenosis for patients and caregivers what fear is signs and symptoms getting diagnosed treatment options and tips for. Medical Terminology Skeletal Root Words dummies. Depending on relieving pressure for medical terms literally means that put too much as well as pain? At birth involving either within this? Transverse sinus stenting is rotation or relax the space narrowing can cause narrowing is made worse in determining if a form for medical term results in alphabetical order for? Below this term for these terms and spine conditions, making a flat on depression can develop? Spine Glossary Dr Joshua Rovner. The term for hypophysectomies among pediatric neurooncological care professional medical terms, or weakness of. Understanding Lumbosacral Strain Fairview. Decompressive surgery often involves a laminectomy or erase process of enlarging your spinal canal to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves by removing. Vertigo is a medical term that refers to the big of motion that help out of. It is prominent only rehabilitation system licensed as a military-term acute day hospital. Spinal Surgery Terminology Gwinnett Medical Center. Lumbago Is a non medical term usually lower lumbar back pain. A Glossary of Neurosurgical Terms Weill Cornell Brain and. Anatomy of the Spine Cedars-Sinai. Glossary of terms used in Neurosurgery brain thoracic spine. -
Alien Limb in the Corticobasal Syndrome: Phenomenological Characteristics and Relationship to Apraxia
Journal of Neurology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-019-09672-8 ORIGINAL COMMUNICATION Alien limb in the corticobasal syndrome: phenomenological characteristics and relationship to apraxia David J. Lewis‑Smith1,2,3 · Noham Wolpe1,4 · Boyd C. P. Ghosh1,5 · James B. Rowe1,4,6 Received: 13 September 2019 / Revised: 8 December 2019 / Accepted: 9 December 2019 © The Author(s) 2020 Abstract Alien limb refers to movements that seem purposeful but are independent of patients’ reported intentions. Alien limb often co-occurs with apraxia in the corticobasal syndrome, and anatomical and phenomenological comparisons have led to the suggestion that alien limb and apraxia may be causally related as failures of goal-directed movements. Here, we characterised the nature of alien limb symptoms in patients with the corticobasal syndrome (n = 30) and their relationship to limb apraxia. Twenty-fve patients with progressive supranuclear palsy Richardson syndrome served as a disease control group. Structured examinations of praxis, motor function, cognition and alien limb were undertaken in patients attending a regional specialist clinic. Twenty-eight patients with corticobasal syndrome (93%) demonstrated signifcant apraxia and this was often asym- metrical, with the left hand preferentially afected in 23/30 (77%) patients. Moreover, 25/30 (83%) patients reported one or more symptoms consistent with alien limb. The range of these phenomena was broad, including changes in the sense of ownership and control as well as unwanted movements. Regression analyses showed no signifcant association between the severity of limb apraxia and either the occurrence of an alien limb or the number of alien limb phenomena reported. -
Electroencephalography (EEG) Technology Applications and Available Devices
applied sciences Review Electroencephalography (EEG) Technology Applications and Available Devices Mahsa Soufineyestani , Dale Dowling and Arshia Khan * Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA; soufi[email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (D.D.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 September 2020; Accepted: 21 October 2020; Published: 23 October 2020 Abstract: The electroencephalography (EEG) sensor has become a prominent sensor in the study of brain activity. Its applications extend from research studies to medical applications. This review paper explores various types of EEG sensors and their applications. This paper is for an audience that comprises engineers, scientists and clinicians who are interested in learning more about the EEG sensors, the various types, their applications and which EEG sensor would suit a specific task. The paper also lists the details of each of the sensors currently available in the market, their technical specs, battery life, and where they have been used and what their limitations are. Keywords: EEG; EEG headset; EEG Cap 1. Introduction An electroencephalography (EEG) sensor is an electronic device that can measure electrical signals of the brain. EEG sensors typically measure the varying electrical signals created by the activity of large groups of neurons near the surface of the brain over a period of time. They work by measuring the small fluctuations in electrical current between the skin and the sensor electrode, amplifying the electrical current, and performing any filtering, such as bandpass filtering [1]. Innovations in the field of medicine began in the early 1900s, prior to which there was little innovation due to the uncollaborative nature of the field of medicine. -
10 Dangerous Drugs That Attack Your Brain and Body (PDF)
ALCOHOL Legal but dangerous. Causes changes in behavior, impairs judgement and coordination required to drive a car safely. Moderate to high doses severely alters a person's ability to learn and remember. Very high doses cause death. 10 Dangerous Drugs: Long term consumption of large quantities, combined with poor nutrition, can lead to permanent damage to brain. liver, pancreas and stomach. That attack your Brain and AMPHETAMINES Body Illegal. Users may experience sweating, headaches, blurred vision, dizziness, sleeplessness and anxiety. High doses can cause irregular heartbeat, loss of coordination, and collapse. Injection creates a sudden increase in blood pressure that can result in very high fever, or heart failure and death. BARBITURATES Illegal. Effects are similar of those of alcohol: slurred speech, staggering walk. Very large doses can cause coma and death. Combination of barbiturates and alcohol multiplies risks. COCAINE Illegal. Stimulates the central nervous system. Immediate effects include dilated pupils, elevated blood pressure, heart and respiratory problems, and stuffy nose. Crack, or freebase rock, is extremely addictive, and effects are felt within 10 seconds! Causes dilated pupils, increased pulse rate, elevated blood pressure, insomnia, loss of appetite, hallucinations, paranoia, and seizures. Use of cocaine can cause death by cardiac arrest. HALLUCINOGENS Lysergic acid. (LSD) Commonly causes sensations and feelings to change rapidly. Causes illusions (being deceived by the normal) and hallucinations (a false or mistaken idea) dilated pupils, elevated body temperature, increased heart rate and blood pressure, loss of appetite, sleeplessness and tremors. The user may experience panic, confusion, suspicions, anxiety and loss of control. Delayed effects (flashbacks), can occur even after use has ceased. -
What Literature Knows: Forays Into Literary Knowledge Production
Contributions to English 2 Contributions to English and American Literary Studies 2 and American Literary Studies 2 Antje Kley / Kai Merten (eds.) Antje Kley / Kai Merten (eds.) Kai Merten (eds.) Merten Kai / What Literature Knows This volume sheds light on the nexus between knowledge and literature. Arranged What Literature Knows historically, contributions address both popular and canonical English and Antje Kley US-American writing from the early modern period to the present. They focus on how historically specific texts engage with epistemological questions in relation to Forays into Literary Knowledge Production material and social forms as well as representation. The authors discuss literature as a culturally embedded form of knowledge production in its own right, which deploys narrative and poetic means of exploration to establish an independent and sometimes dissident archive. The worlds that imaginary texts project are shown to open up alternative perspectives to be reckoned with in the academic articulation and public discussion of issues in economics and the sciences, identity formation and wellbeing, legal rationale and political decision-making. What Literature Knows The Editors Antje Kley is professor of American Literary Studies at FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany. Her research interests focus on aesthetic forms and cultural functions of narrative, both autobiographical and fictional, in changing media environments between the eighteenth century and the present. Kai Merten is professor of British Literature at the University of Erfurt, Germany. His research focuses on contemporary poetry in English, Romantic culture in Britain as well as on questions of mediality in British literature and Postcolonial Studies. He is also the founder of the Erfurt Network on New Materialism. -
Mifepristone
Mifepristone sc-203134 Material Safety Data Sheet Hazard Alert Code EXTREME HIGH MODERATE LOW Key: Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME Mifepristone STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. NFPA FLAMMABILITY1 HEALTH0 HAZARD INSTABILITY0 SUPPLIER Company: Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Address: 2145 Delaware Ave Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Telephone: 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 Emergency Tel: CHEMWATCH: From within the US and Canada: 877-715-9305 Emergency Tel: From outside the US and Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112 PRODUCT USE ■ Steroid. Abortifacient steroid. Progesterone receptor antagonist. Binds strongly to progesterone and glucocorticoid recptors, weakly to androgen receptors, but has no anti-oestrogenic or mineralocorticoid activity. Inhibits ovulation when given in the late follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. SYNONYMS C29-H35-N-O2, C29-H35-N-O2, "estra-4, 9-diene-3-one, ", "estra-4, 9-diene-3-one, ", "11-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-17- hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)-, (11beta, ", 17beta)-, "11-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-17-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)-, (11beta, ", 17beta)-, 17beta-hydroxy-11beta-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-1)-, "17alpha-(prop-1-ynyl)oestra-4, 9-dien-3-one", "17alpha-(prop- 1-ynyl)oestra-4, 9-dien-3-one", Mifegyn, R-38486, R-38486, "RU 486", RU-486-6, "RU 38486", "abortifacient oestrogen/ estrogen steroid", "morning after pill" Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK May impair fertility. May cause harm to the unborn child. Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. -
The Alien Hand Syndrome: Classification of Forms Reported and Discussion of a New Condition
Neurol Sci (2003) 24:252–257 DOI 10.1007/s10072-003-0149-4 ORIGINAL F. Aboitiz • X. Carrasco • C. Schröter • D. Zaidel • E. Zaidel • M. Lavados The alien hand syndrome: classification of forms reported and discussion of a new condition Received: 24 February 2003 / Accepted in revised form: 14 June 2003 Abstract The term “alien hand” refers to a variety of clini- gories: (i) diagonistic dyspraxia and related syndromes, (ii) cal conditions whose common characteristic is the uncon- alien hand, (iii) way-ward hand and related syndromes, (iv) trolled behavior or the feeling of strangeness of one extremity, supernumerary hands and (v) agonistic dyspraxia. most commonly the left hand. A common classification distin- guishes between the posterior or sensory form of the alien Key words Alien hand • Agonistic dyspraxia • Corpus callo- hand, and the anterior or motor form of this condition. sum • Diagonistic dyspraxia • Frontal lobe • Parietal lobe • However, there are inconsistencies, such as the phenomenon Split brain of diagonistic dyspraxia, which is largely a motor syndrome despite being more frequently associated with posterior cal- losal lesions. We discuss critically the existing nomenclature and we also describe a case recently reported by us which does Introduction not fit any previously reported condition, termed agonistic dyspraxia. We propose that the cases of alien hand described A large variety of complex, abnormal, involuntary motor in the literature can be classified into at least five broad cate- behaviors have been described following callosal lesions which may or may not be accompained by hemispheric dam- age, especially in the frontal medial region. Although the dif- ferent terminologies used to describe these movements attempt to address their clinical specificity, there is a notice- F. -
The Brain That Changes Itself
The Brain That Changes Itself Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science NORMAN DOIDGE, M.D. For Eugene L. Goldberg, M.D., because you said you might like to read it Contents 1 A Woman Perpetually Falling . Rescued by the Man Who Discovered the Plasticity of Our Senses 2 Building Herself a Better Brain A Woman Labeled "Retarded" Discovers How to Heal Herself 3 Redesigning the Brain A Scientist Changes Brains to Sharpen Perception and Memory, Increase Speed of Thought, and Heal Learning Problems 4 Acquiring Tastes and Loves What Neuroplasticity Teaches Us About Sexual Attraction and Love 5 Midnight Resurrections Stroke Victims Learn to Move and Speak Again 6 Brain Lock Unlocked Using Plasticity to Stop Worries, OPsessions, Compulsions, and Bad Habits 7 Pain The Dark Side of Plasticity 8 Imagination How Thinking Makes It So 9 Turning Our Ghosts into Ancestors Psychoanalysis as a Neuroplastic Therapy 10 Rejuvenation The Discovery of the Neuronal Stem Cell and Lessons for Preserving Our Brains 11 More than the Sum of Her Parts A Woman Shows Us How Radically Plastic the Brain Can Be Appendix 1 The Culturally Modified Brain Appendix 2 Plasticity and the Idea of Progress Note to the Reader All the names of people who have undergone neuroplastic transformations are real, except in the few places indicated, and in the cases of children and their families. The Notes and References section at the end of the book includes comments on both the chapters and the appendices. Preface This book is about the revolutionary discovery that the human brain can change itself, as told through the stories of the scientists, doctors, and patients who have together brought about these astonishing transformations. -
Journal of Religion & Society
Journal of Religion & Society Volume 6 (2004) ISSN 1522-5658 David, Mickey Mouse, and the Evolution of an Icon1 Lowell K. Handy, American Theological Library Association Abstract The transformation of an entertaining roguish figure to an institutional icon is investigated with respect to the figures of Mickey Mouse and the biblical King David. Using the three-stage evolution proposed by R. Brockway, the figures of Mickey and David are shown to pass through an initial entertaining phase, a period of model behavior, and a stage as icon. The biblical context for these shifts is basically irretrievable so the extensive materials available for changes in the Mouse provide sufficient information on personnel and social forces to both illuminate our lack of understanding for changes in David while providing some comparative material for similar development. Introduction [1] One can perceive a progression in the development of the figure of David from the rather unsavory character one encounters in the Samuel narratives, through the religious, righteous king of Chronicles, to the messianic abstraction of the Jewish and Christian traditions.2 The movement is a shift from “trickster,” to “Bourgeoisie do-gooder,” to “corporate image” proposed for the evolution of Mickey Mouse by Robert Brockway.3 There are, in fact, several interesting parallels between the portrayals of Mickey Mouse and David, but simply a look at the context that produced the changes in each character may help to understand the visions of David in three surviving biblical textual traditions in light of the adaptability of the Mouse for which there is a great deal more contextual data to investigate. -
BOOKNEWS from ISSN 1056–5655, © the Poisoned Pen, Ltd
BOOKNEWS from ISSN 1056–5655, © The Poisoned Pen, Ltd. 4014 N. Goldwater Blvd. Volume 26, Number 11 Scottsdale, AZ 85251 November Booknews 2014 480-947-2974 [email protected] tel (888)560-9919 http://poisonedpen.com Happy holidays to all…and remember, a book is a present you can open again and again…. AUTHORS ARE SIGNING… Some Events will be webcast at http://new.livestream.com/poisonedpen. TUESDAY DECEMBER 2 7:00 PM SUNDAY DECEMBER 14 12:00 PM Gini Koch signs Universal Alien (Daw $7.99) 10th in series Amy K. Nichols signs Now That You’re Here: Duplexity Part I WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 3 7:00 PM (Random $16.99) Ages 12+ Lisa Scottoline signs Betrayed (St Martins $27.99) Rosato & THURSDAY DECEMBER 18 7:00 PM Christmas Party Associates Hardboiled Crime discusses Cormac McCarthy’s No Country SATURDAY DECEMBER 6 10:30 AM for Old Men ($15) Coffee and Crime discusses Christmas at the Mysterious Book- CLOSED FOR CHRISTMAS AND NEW YEAR’S DAY shop ($15.95) SATURDAY DECEMBER 27 2:00 PM MONDAY DECEMBER 9 7:00 PM David Freed signs Voodoo Ridge (Permanent Press $29) Cordell Bob Boze Bell signs The 66 Kid; Raised on the Mother Road Logan #3 (Voyageur Press $30) Growing up on Route 66. Don’t overlook THURSDAY JANUARY 8 7:00 PM the famous La Posada Hotel’s Turquoise Room Cookbook ($40), Charles Todd signs A Fine Summer’s Day (Morrow $26.99) Ian Signed by Chef Sharpe, flourishing today on the Mother Road Rutledge TUESDAY DECEMBER 10 7:30 PM FRIDAY JANUARY 9 7:00 PM Thrillers! EJ Copperman signs Inspector Specter: Haunted Guesthouse Matt Lewis signs Endgame ($19.99 trade paperback) Debut Mystery #6 (Berkley ($7.99) thriller FRIDAY DECEMBER 12 5:00-8:00 PM 25th Anniversary Party Brad Taylor signs No Fortunate Son (Dutton $26.95) Pike Logan The cash registers will be closed. -
Psychiatry and Neurology
ensic For Ps f yc o h l a o l n o r g u y o J ISSN: 2475-319X Journal of Forensic Psychology Editorial Psychiatry and Neurology Carlos Roberto* Department of Psychology, La Sierra University, California, USA DESCRIPTION between neurological and psychiatric disorders. for instance , it's documented that a lot of patients with paralysis agitans and Psychiatry is that the medicine dedicated to the diagnosis, stroke manifest depression and, in some, dementia. Is there a prevention, and treatment of mental disorders. These include substantive difference between a toxic psychosis (psychiatry) and various maladaptation’s associated with mood, behavior, a metabolic encephalopathy with delirium (neurology) we've cognition, and perceptions. See glossary of psychiatry. known of those examples for several years? Never and dramatic evidence has come largely through functional resonance imaging Neurology is that the branch of drugs concerned with the study and positron emission tomography. Obsessive-compulsive and treatment of disorders of the system nervosum. The system a disorder is characterized by recurrent, unwanted, intrusive ideas, nervosum may be a complex, sophisticated system that regulates images, or impulses that appear silly, weird, nasty, or horrible and coordinates body activities. Its two major divisions: Central nervous system: the brain and medulla spinalis. (obsessions) and by urges to hold out an act (compulsions) which will lessen the discomfort thanks to the obsessions. Increasing the amount of brain serotonin with selective reuptake inhibitors DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PSYCHITARY may control the symptoms and signs of this disorder. Evidence AND NEUROLOGY of a genetic basis in some patients, structural abnormalities of the brain on resonance imaging in others, and abnormal brain For quite 2000 years within the West, neurology and psychiatry function on functional resonance imaging and positron were thought to be a part of one, unified branch of drugs, which emission tomography collectively suggest that schizophrenia may was often designated neuropsychiatry.