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PDF Hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University Nijmegen The following full text is a publisher's version. For additional information about this publication click this link. http://hdl.handle.net/2066/105081 Please be advised that this information was generated on 2018-07-08 and may be subject to change. MAR Li VAN L)ri-K JC&JÜL· í• UKJNη \t?"* jhJLi T it u T 5Q Aa ^ l^ τ> K τΌ I r 'ΐΐ1 AA r f ' τ T f~t τ Y ? T-% .f -i -5%. τ *r Γ“ r"T* § Ï---I U J__| § j ,>| β ._ § - r. § j Ü·. —T-- . r*~ J* . Λ , ' -t-“-· r·* -Λ - 4 ìÌi~V“V ΤΤΤί"^ Τ Λ Τ ί/^τ = 1 i~l * Vs, ï 3 Ë fÉ λ 'K K a rriir\K TC' ƒ-■= s r 3 I c , '3 5 £ ί Λ J Lä a£ i 1VJl/ í .i X \„/i^ O ΐ V ƒ Λ ■vi a i- i Ή ■**£ 3* Æ a»* -rt í m 4 '·**■ , ^ ■ H* . % Q i ί 3 O ¿Y ϊ3 CORNELIUS AGRIPPA, THE HUMANIST THEOLOGIAN AND HIS DECLAMATIONS BRILL’S STUDIES IN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY General Editor A J. V a n d e r ja g t , UniversitY of Groningen Editorial Board M . C o l is h , Oberlin College J . I . I s r a e l , UniversitY College, London J.D . N o r t h , UniversitY of Groningen H.A . O b e r m a n , UniversitY of Arizona, Tucson R .H . P o p k in , Washington UniversitY, St. Louis-UCLA VOLUME 77 CORNELIUS AGRIPPA, THE HUMANIST THEOLOGIAN AND HIS DECLAMATIONS BY MARC VAN DER POEL ' / 6 8 * * BR ILL LEIDEN · NEW YORK · KÖLN 1997 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Poel, Marc van der. Cornelius Agrippa, the humanist theologian and his declamations / bY Marc van der Poel. p. cm. — (Brill’s studies in intellectual history, ISSN 0920-8607 ; v. 77) Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 9004107568 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich Cornelius, 1486?—1535. 2. Rhetoric, Renaissance. 3. Humanism. I. Title. II. Series. B781.A34P64 1997 96-50174 E X LIBRfS CIP UN I VERS IT ATIS N O V ·10 ■ ""MS IS Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufhahme Poel, Marc van der: Cornelius Agrippa, the humanist theologian and his declamations / bY Marc van der Poel. - Leiden ; New York ; Köln : Brill, 1997 (Brill’s studies in intellectual historY ; Vol. 77) ISBN 90-04-10756-8 NE: GT ISSN 0920-8607 ISBN 90 04 10756 8 © Copyright 1997 by Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, The Netherlands A ll rights reserved. No part o f this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. PRINTED IN THE NETHERLANDS CONTENTS Preface ................................................................................................. vii Abbreviations ..................................................................................... xi Introduction: Agrippa’s LegacY ................................................ 1 Chapter One: Biographical Sketch, with Emphasis on Agrippa’s Interest in Divine studies and his Conflicts with Anti-Humanistic theologians ............................................................ 15 Chapter Two: Agrippa and Scholastic TheologY ................... 50 Chapter Three: Method of Reasoning and Style of Agrippa’s Theological Writings .......................................... 94 Chapter Four: The Battle of De incertitudine: Agrippa in the World of Humanism .......................................... 116 Chapter Five: Agrippa’s Definition of the Humanist Declamation and its Erasmian Antecedent ............................................................ 153 Chapter Six: De Nobilitate et Praecellentia Foeminei Sexus ........ 185 Chapter Seven: De Originali Peccato Disputabilis Opinionis Declamatio ............................................................... 225 Chapter Eight: De Sacramento Matrimonii Declamatio ................... 246 Conclusion .................................................................................. 263 Appendices Appendix 1: List of passages from De incertitudine condemned bY the Sorbonne on March 2, 1531 ....................................................................... 269 Appendix 2: A hitherto unnoticed letter from Cantiuncula to Agrippa .................................... 275 BibliographY 277 vi CONTENTS Indices General index ................................................................................ 291 Index of Agrippa’s letters, works and passages discussed .......................................................................................... 297 Index of modern authors ........................................................... 302 PREFACE This book is a continuation of mY doctoral dissertation, which was devoted to the declamatio among the humanists {De declamatio bij de humanisten, Nieuwkoop, 1987). The dissertation contains a brief his­ torY of the reception of the declamation of the late Roman republic and the earlY empire (the time of Cicero and Seneca the Elder) among the humanists, an outline of the incorporation of the declamation into the school curricula of the Renaissance, and an orientational analysis of the different tYpes of declamatio that exist outside the tra­ dition of school education in the Renaissance. One of the conclu­ sions which resulted from this analysis is that declamations such as those of Cornelius Agrippa must be interpreted in the light of the reception of Ciceronian declamation practice, in which the treatment of a political or philosophical topic (thesis) plaYs a central role. The research which resulted in the present book was intended to describe in more detail how Agrippa adapted Ciceronian declamation prac­ tice for his own intellectual purposes. It graduallY became clear, however, that this close studY of Agrippa’s declamations constituted not onlY a contribution to the reception historY of the classical declamation, but also allowed me to formulate some new perspectives on the status of Agrippa as an intellectual. Since the second half of the sixteenth centurY, there has been a persistent mYth that Agrippa was a charlatan, and his use of rhetoric has often been seen as confirmation of the belief that he was a dis­ honest intellectual whose aim was to deceive his audience. The rééval­ uation of the declamations thus simultaneouslY led to a réévaluation of their author. This book, then, presents not onlY an innovative interpretation of the structure, content and function of Agrippa’s decla­ mations, but also contains a new examination of Agrippa’s philo­ sophical and theological thought. This studY was made possible bY a grant from the RoYal Nether­ lands AcademY of Arts and Sciences. I thank the Humanities facultY of the Catholic UniversitY of Nijmegen for supporting mY research. In particular, I thank Professor J. Bots, director of the Pierre Bayle Institute, for welcoming mY research as a part of his interdisciplinarY research program Transmission of Culture and Ideas, and mY first Vlll PREFACE Latin teacher at universitY Professor J. Brouwers, head of the Latin section in the Classics department, for encouraging me to pursue the studY of the Latin authors of the Renaissance. His kindness and broad vision of the field of Latin literature and linguistics have always been of great benefit to me. I have reported on the progress of mY research and tried out various aspects of its argument at the 1991 international congress of Neo- Latin studies, the 1992 annual conference of the Dutch section of the International SocietY for the HistorY of Rhetoric (ISHR), the 1992 meeting of the Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research, sec­ tion on HistorY of Humanism, the 1992 international congress of the ISHR, the 1994 conference of the Renaissance SocietY of America, the 1994 Council meeting of the ISHR, and in guest lectures at Texas Tech UniversitY, Texas A & M UniversitY, Arizona State Uni­ versitY (Tempe campus), and Princeton UniversitY. I thank the organ­ izers and audiences at each of these presentations for listening to me and, in manY cases, for giving me stimulating criticism. I am also grateful to Professor E.C. Coppens (Nijmegen) for being mY guide in canon law, to Dr. J. Thijssen (Nijmegen) for sharing with me his knowledge of academic heresY in the Middle Ages, and to Professor R. De Smet (Brussels) for giving me valuable bibliographical infor­ mation concerning Original Sin. I thank the two anonYmous referees, commissioned bY the publisher to evaluate mY book, for their correc­ tions and useful remarks. I have a special debt to two specialists in Neo-Latin and Renais­ sance studies, who have supported me with their expertise but most of all with their long-standing friendship. Kenneth LloYd-Jones (TrinitY College, Hartford, Connecticut), from whom I learned much during our joint work on the Orationes duae in Tholosam bY Etienne Dolet (published bY Droz in Geneva, 1992), put a great deal of effort into helping me with mY English. As all students of humanistic rhetoric know, however, pertinence of thought and elegance of language belong so closely together that improvements of grammar and stYle also bring about a sharpening of the ideas themselves. If mY book succeeds in persuading its readers, it will be in no small measure thanks to Ken. P. TuYnman, director of the former Institute of Neo-Latin at the UniversitY of Amsterdam, introduced me to Neo-Latin when I was a student in classics during the late seventies, and trained me over the subsequent Years as a philologist. He has read chapters four and five PREFACE ix and discussed them with me in detail, and, as always, has assisted me with indispensable advice. FinallY,
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