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Tens of Thousands Newly Displaced in North- Eastern and Central States

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Tens of Thousands Newly Displaced in North- Eastern and Central States INDIA: Tens of thousands newly displaced in north- eastern and central states A profile of the internal displacement situation 9 February, 2006 This Internal Displacement Profile is automatically generated from the online IDP database of the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). It includes an overview of the internal displacement situation in the country prepared by the IDMC, followed by a compilation of excerpts from relevant reports by a variety of different sources. All headlines as well as the bullet point summaries at the beginning of each chapter were added by the IDMC to facilitate navigation through the Profile. Where dates in brackets are added to headlines, they indicate the publication date of the most recent source used in the respective chapter. The views expressed in the reports compiled in this Profile are not necessarily shared by the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre. The Profile is also available online at www.internal-displacement.org. About the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, established in 1998 by the Norwegian Refugee Council, is the leading international body monitoring conflict-induced internal displacement worldwide. Through its work, the Centre contributes to improving national and international capacities to protect and assist the millions of people around the globe who have been displaced within their own country as a result of conflicts or human rights violations. At the request of the United Nations, the Geneva-based Centre runs an online database providing comprehensive information and analysis on internal displacement in some 50 countries. Based on its monitoring and data collection activities, the Centre advocates for durable solutions to the plight of the internally displaced in line with international standards. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre also carries out training activities to enhance the capacity of local actors to respond to the needs of internally displaced people. In its work, the Centre cooperates with and provides support to local and national civil society initiatives. For more information, visit the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre website and the database at www.internal-displacement.org. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre Norwegian Refugee Council Chemin de Balexert 7-9 1219 Geneva, Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 799 07 00 [email protected] www.internal-displacement.org 2 CONTENTS CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................... 3 OVERVIEW.......................................................................................................................9 INDIA: TENS OF THOUSANDS NEWLY DISPLACED IN NORTH-EASTERN AND CENTRAL STATES.... 9 CAUSES AND BACKGROUND ..................................................................................... 16 GENERAL ......................................................................................................................... 16 FOUR CATEGORIES OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN INDIA................................................... 16 INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN KASHMIR .............................................................................. 17 SINCE 1989, CONFLICT BETWEEN THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT AND SEPARATIST MILITANTS MADE KASHMIRI PANDITS FLEE THE VALLEY (1989-2002)................................................... 17 DISPLACEMENT IN JAMMU & KASHMIR DUE TO MILITARY TENSIONS AND ARMED CLASHES BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN (1999-2003)...................................................................... 19 A CEASEFIRE HAS RAISED HOPES FOR A DURABLE SOLUTION FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED FROM THE BORDER AREAS (MARCH 2004) ......................................................................... 21 INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN THE NORTH-EAST ................................................................. 22 SHORT PRESENTATION OF THE EIGHT NORTH-EASTERN STATES.......................................... 22 GENERAL BACKGROUND TO INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN NORTH-EAST INDIA (NOVEMBER 2004)............................................................................................................................... 24 ASSAM: GENERAL CAUSES FOR DISPLACEMENT (JANUARY 2006) ....................................... 26 ASSAM: CLASHES BETWEEN KARBIS AND DIMASAS DISPLACE OVER 40,000 (JANUARY 2006) ........................................................................................................................................ 28 ASSAM: MUSLIMS OF BENGALI ORIGIN EVICTED BY NATIONALIST GROUPS (JUNE 2005) ....... 29 ASSAM: DURING NOVEMBER 2003, VIOLENCE AGAINST HINDI-SPEAKING PEOPLE FORCED THOUSANDS TO FLEE THE STATE........................................................................................ 30 ASSAM: INTERNALLY DISPLACED IN THE BODO-SANTHAL CONFLICT (DECEMBER 2005)........ 31 TRIPURA: DISPLACEMENT DUE TO CONSTRUCTION OF FENCE ALONG THE BORDER WITH BANGLADESH (SEPTEMBER 2005) ..................................................................................... 33 TRIPURA: INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT DUE TO CONFLICT BETWEEN TRIBALS AND NON-TRIBALS (JULY 2004) ..................................................................................................................... 35 TRIPURA: INTERNALLY DISPLACED REANGS FROM MIZORAM (MARCH 2005)........................ 38 MANIPUR: ETHNIC CLASHES AND SECURITY OPERATIONS DISPLACE AT LEAST 6,000 (JANUARY 2006)............................................................................................................................... 40 MANIPUR: INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT DUE TO INTER-ETHNIC STRIFE BETWEEN THE NAGAS AND THE KUKIS (NOVEMBER 2004) .......................................................................................... 43 MANIPUR: DISPLACEMENT OF NAGAS................................................................................. 44 ARUNACHAL PRADESH: THREATS AND DISCRIMINATION AGAINST CHAKMAS (2000- APRIL 2004)............................................................................................................................... 47 DISPLACEMENT OF NEPALIS IN NORTH-EAST INDIA (JANUARY 2005) .................................. 49 3 INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN WEST-BENGAL ..................................................................... 50 DISPLACEMENT REPORTED IN THE WEST-BENGAL DISTRICT OF NORTH DINAJPUR DUE TO CLASHES BETWEEN BORDER GUARD FORCES (FEBRUARY 2005)......................................... 50 INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN CENTRAL INDIA ..................................................................... 51 CENTRAL INDIA: DISPLACEMENT ON THE INCREASE BECAUSE OF FIGHTING BETWEEN LEFTIST EXTREMIST GROUPS AND GOVERNMENT FORCES (JANUARY 2006)...................................... 51 INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT IN GUJARAT.............................................................................. 53 GUJARAT: DISPLACEMENT DUE TO COMMUNAL VIOLENCE (APRIL 2002-2003) ..................... 53 GUJARAT: AN ESTIMATED 61,000 STILL DISPLACED (JUNE 2005) ........................................ 55 DEVELOPMENT INDUCED DISPLACEMENT ........................................................................... 55 LINKS TO INFORMATION ON DEVELOPMENT-INDUCED DISPLACEMENT IN INDIA...................... 55 POPULATION FIGURES AND PROFILE ...................................................................... 57 GLOBAL FIGURES ............................................................................................................. 57 DISPLACEMENT FIGURES (2000 -JANUARY 2006) .............................................................. 57 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION.......................................................................................... 61 NUMBER OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED KASHMIRI PANDITS FROM THE KASHMIRI VALLEY SINCE 1989 (FEBRUARY 2005).................................................................................................... 61 MORE THAN 150,000 PEOPLE WERE DISPLACED DUE TO TENSIONS BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN OVER KASHMIR, AT LEAST 30,000 REMAIN DISPLACED TWO YEARS AFTER THE CEASEFIRE (AUGUST 2005)............................................................................................... 64 BY THE END OF 2001, USCR ESTIMATED A TOTAL OF 157,000 INTERNALLY DISPLACED IN NORTH-EAST INDIA ........................................................................................................... 68 ASSAM: INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT OF SANTALS AND BODOS (2003 - DECEMBER 2005 ESTIMATES) ...................................................................................................................... 70 ASSAM: ESTIMATES OF INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT OF KARBIS, KUKIS, BIHARIS, HMARS AND DIMASAS (2003- DECEMBER 2005) ................................................................................... 72 MANIPUR AND NAGALAND: ESTIMATES OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED (2000-2001) ................ 73 DISPLACEMENT IN MANIPUR REPORTED DURING 2005........................................................ 76 TRIPURA: CONFLICTING ESTIMATES OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED (2005) .............................. 76 GUJARAT: INTERNAL DISPLACEMENT DUE TO COMMUNAL VIOLENCE (JUNE 2005) ................ 78 CENTRAL INDIA: THOUSANDS DISPLACED DUE TO NAXALITE INSURGENCY (JANUARY 2006).. 79 PATTERNS OF DISPLACEMENT ................................................................................. 80 GENERAL ......................................................................................................................... 80 JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PEOPLE LIVING ALONG
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