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Treeless Alpine EVC Descriptions

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Treeless Alpine EVC Descriptions Treeless Alpine EVCs 156 Alpine Conifer Shrubland 293 Alpine Creekline Herbland (Frood wetland typology-not mapped by White) 1002 Alpine Damp Grassland 170 Alpine Dwarf Heathland 171 Alpine Fen 1001 Alpine Grassland 1004 Alpine Grassy Heathland 1011 Alpine Peaty Heathland 913 Alpine Pond Herbland (Frood wetland typology-not mapped by White) 1008 Alpine Relic-bog Dwarf Heathland 1013 Alpine Rocky Outcrop Heathland 905 Alpine Short Herbland (Frood wetland typology-not mapped by White) 288 Alpine Valley Peatland (Frood wetland typology) 1014 Late-lying Snowpatch Herbland 41 Montane Riparian Thicket (existing EVC description) 1012 Snowpatch Grassland 1003 Sub-alpine Dry Shrubland 208 Sub-alpine Riparian Shrubland (existing EVC description-not mapped by White) 42 Sub-alpine Shrubland 210 Alpine Wet Heathland Mapping units only 1000 Alpine Crag Complex 1005 Alpine Grassy Heathland/Alpine Grassland Mosaic 1007 Alpine Treeless Vegetation 211 Alpine Valley Bog/Alpine Wet Heathland Mosaic 1006 Native Vegetation Unclassified 992 Open Water 996 Unknown Treeless Alpine EVC Descriptions EVC 156 Alpine Conifer Shrubland Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping units: Plum Pine Shrubland F-10, Podocarpus Heathland M-1, Subalpine shrubland WA-1, Sub- alpine Shrubland WC-8, Defining Characteristics: Alpine and sub-alpine shrubland dominated by Mountain Plum Pine - Podocarpus lawrencei. Restricted to rocky, fire protected sites amongst granite tors or associated with basalt block streams. Habitat: High mountain areas generally above 1500 metres ASL. Occurs on rocky sites that have been afforded long-term protection from fire. In the Victorian Alps, Alpine Conifer Shrubland is often found dominating very restricted landform types such as block or boulder streams. May also occur on steep sheltered gullies on easterly and southerly aspects. Structure: Shrubland to 2 m - typically less than 1.5 m. Podocarpus individuals may be quite large with thick sprawling stems sometimes extending over several metres. Floristics: Invariably dominated or co-dominated by Mountain Plum Pine - Podocarpus lawrencei. Podocarpus may occur with a wide range of other shrubs including Pimelea ligustrina, Tasmannia xerophila, Olearia phlogopappa, Grevillea victoriae, Orites lancifolia and at lower altitudes Rubus parviflorus. In wetter sites heathy species more typical of wetlands may also occur such as Richea continentis and Epacris paludosa. The densly shaded understorey is typically sparse with Polystichum proliferum, Blechnum penna-marina subsp. alpina. Distribution: This EVC, while widespread in the Victorian Alps, is highly restricted and disjunct. The most extensive stands are usually associated with basalt. Occurrences include Mt. Buller, Mt. Stirling, Mt. Bogong Massif, Mt. Buffalo, Mt. Jim, southern slopes of Mt. McKay, The Cobberas, Mt. Lock and Mt. Higginbotham. Notes: Much of this EVC where it occurs above 1600 metres ASL constitutes important habitat for the endangered Mountain Pygmy Possum (Burramys parvus) and is an important summer sheltering habitat for the seasonal migration of the Bogong Moth (Agrostis infusa). EVC 293 Alpine Creekline Herbland Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping unit:M-9 Reference quadrats : C52220, C52353 Defining characteristic : Dense herbaceous mats along heads of alpine drainage-lines. Structure : Herbland, less than 0.3 m height Habitat : Snow patch drainage-lines and upper creeklines, often in association with Alpine Short Herbland, on thin organic/soils of Quaternary organic origin, associated with gravel and rock. Floristics : At optimum development, the community comprises a dense mat of Celmisia sericophylla with few associated species. The associated species occurring in gaps or more open stands include Luzula atrata, Luzula modesta, Juncus falcatus, Carpha alpina, Myriophyllum pedunculatum, Epacris spp., Schoenus spp., Poa spp., Oreomyrrhis pulvinifica, Caltha introloba and Plantago spp. Distribution : Confined to Bogong High Plains Vegetation Quality : Grazing sensitive - Apparently recovering in sites where stock now excluded (at least in less irreparably damaged habitats). EVC 1002 Alpine Damp Grassland Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping units: Sub-Alpine Damp grassland F-7, Poa costiniana tussock grassland M-11, Damp Grassland WC-4 (Sometimes referred to as Sod-tussock Grassland (see Costin 1973). Defining Characteristics: A dense tussock grassland of high mountain regions subject to at least seasonal waterlogging – typically dominated by Poa costiniana. Habitat: High altitude valleys and plains generally above 1600 metres ASL. This EVC occurs in two distinct ecological settings. Occurs broadly on plains or areas with low relief with basalt derived soils that experience seasonal waterlogging and also occurs within or on the margins of wet heathland and bogs. Soils vary from alpine humus soils to humifed peats. Structure: Closed tussock grassland. Floristics: The dominant grass is invariably Poa costiniana. Other common forbs and grasses include Ranunculus victoriensis, Oreomyrrhis eriopoda, Carex breviculmis, Scleranthus biflorus, Poa hiemata, Colobanthus affinis, Microseris sp. 2, Asperula gunnii, Acaena novae-zelandiae, Plantago euryphylla, Cardamine spp., Rytidosperma nudiflorum, Brachyscome decipiens, Cotula filicula, Celmisia asteliifolia spp. agg., Epilobium cinereum, Trifolium repens, Luzula modesta, Dichondra repens, Brachyscome scapigera. Distribution: Common throughout the western part of the Bogong High Plains, also occurs on Dinner Plains, Dargo High Plains and the Snowy Range. Notes: Alpine Grasslands have been the primary focus of high altitude cattle grazing and most areas have been substantially modified by these practices. EVC 170 Alpine Dwarf Heathland Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping units: part of Kunzea Heathland M-4 Defining Characteristics: A very low, open heathland occurring on exposed ridges and peaks above 1700m ASL. Habitat: Exposed ridges and peaks of the highest mountains in Victoria. Subject to strong winds, frosts and high temperatures during the summer months. Characterised by rocky pavements with limited soil profile development. Structure: Open heathland to 0.2m. Floristics: Epacris gunnii, Kunzea muelleri, Grevillea australis, Leucopogon hookeri, Poa fawcettiae, Poa hiemata, Carex breviculmis, Ewartia rubigena, Leucochrysum albicans, Luzula campestris spp. agg.,Leucochrysum albicans, Asperula gunnii. Distribution: Restricted to Mt Nelse and Mt Nelse North area on the Bogong High Plains. Notes: A notable feature of this rare EVC is the low wind pruned habit of the small shrubs – it is closely related to feldmark communities found in the Kosciuszko Main Range. This EVC is among the rarest of plant formations in the state and is subject to damage by horses, cattle and bushwalkers. EVC 171 Alpine Fen Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping units: Fen F-11, Fen and waterbodies R-3, Sedgeland WC-7. Defining Characteristics: Low, open sedgeland of pools within bogs, or within some valley floor heathlands in high rainfall alpine areas of Victoria. Habitat: Pools forming in wet peats within a bog or fen or wet valley floor heathland. Pool size varies and may be as large as 50 metres square. By the end of summer many pools may have dried out but the peaty soils are still very damp. Where ground water drains from surrounding calcareous rocks the peat is alkaline and supports fen vegetation. Where the peat is acidic, bog vegetation develops. Soils are shallow peats and loams with an underlying geology of largely Ordovician schists and Ordovician marine sandstone. Rainfall is at least 1000-1400mm per annum and often greater then 1400mm. Altitudes are greater than 1200m ASL. Summer maximum temperatures have a broad range (17 to 31C); the winter minimum temperature range is narrower (-5 to 2C). Structure: Low open sedgeland to 0.5m. Floristics: Dominated by Carex gaudichaudiana. and may include other aquatic to semi-aquatic herbs. Distribution: Bogong High Plains, Baw Baw Plateau, Mt Buffalo Notes: Most examples largely comprise small patches of sedgy sward, sometimes with associated ponds and dwarf herbland. Also often occurs in a mosaic with Sub-alpine Wet Heathland. EVC 1001 Alpine Grassland Walsh/McDougall/Frood mapping units: Sub-alpine Grassland M-14, Poa hiemata Tussock Grassland M-5, Alpine Heathland WA-7, Open heath and grassland WC-3. Defining Characteristics: High altitude tussock grassland with a high cover and diversity of forbs generally on free draining substrates. Habitat: Alpine grassland is primarily delimited by topography, altitude and ultimately frost tolerance. Above 1500m ASL severe frosts are manifest in the spring prior to snow fall and in autumn following snow melt. As cold air is dense it tends to drain towards and pool in low-lying areas particularly where the topography provides shelter from high winds. As such, Alpine Grassland dominates high altitude valleys and saddles and is extensive on high altitude plains such as the Bogong High Plains and the Howitt Plains. Alpine Grassland is typically wedged between heathlands and shrublands on higher ground and wetland vegetation types (eg. Sub-alpine Wet Heathland or Alpine Damp Grassland) on the valley floor. Structure: Low tussock grassland to 20 cm with a high cover of rosetted forbs. Floristics: Dominant life forms are tussock grasses principally of the genus Poa. Common species include Poa hiemata, Poa phillipsiana, and Poa sieberiana. In areas that have had long term exclusion of grazing and fire, Alpine Grassland may have a very high cover of
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