Early American Civilizations

grade 1 Core Knowledge Language Arts® • Listening & Learning™ Strand Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Supplemental Guide Supplemental Read-Aloud Again!™ It Tell Early American Civilizations American Early Early American Civilizations Transition Supplemental Guide to the Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Listening & Learning™ Strand GRADE 1 Core Knowledge Language Arts® Creative Commons Licensing This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the following manner: This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ Copyright © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation www.coreknowledge.org All Rights Reserved. Core Knowledge Language Arts, Listening & Learning, and Tell It Again! are trademarks of the Core Knowledge Foundation. Trademarks and trade names are shown in this book strictly for illustrative and educational purposes and are the property of their respective owners. References herein should not be regarded as affecting the validity of said trademarks and trade names. Table of Contents Early American Civilizations Transition Supplemental Guide to the Tell It Again!™ Read-Aloud Anthology Preface to the Transition Supplemental Guide . .v Alignment Chart for Early American Civilizations. xvii Introduction to Early American Civilizations . .1 Lesson 1: The Maya: A Harvest and a Hurricane. 14 Lesson 2: The Maya: Journey to Baakal. 32 Lesson 3: The Maya: King Pakal’s Tomb. 50 Lesson 4: The Maya: The Festival of the First Star. 66 Pausing Point . 81 Lesson 5: The Aztec: The Legend of the Eagle and the Serpent. 85 Lesson 6: The Aztec: The Floating Gardens of Xochimilco . 102 Lesson 7: The Aztec: In the Palace of an Emperor. 119 Lesson 8: The Aztec: Cortés’s Letter. 136 Lesson 9: The Inca: Who Were the Inca? . 155 Lesson 10: The Inca: The Runner. 173 Lesson 11: The Inca: Machu Picchu—A Lucky Discovery . 192 Domain Review . 213 Domain Assessment. 217 Culminating Activities . 220 Appendix . 225 PPrefacereface ttoo tthehe TTransitionransition SSupplementalupplemental GuideGuide This preface to the Transition Supplemental Guide provides information about the guide’s purpose and target audience, and describes how it can be used flexibly in various classroom settings. Please note: The Supplemental Guides for the first three domains in Grade 1 contain modified read-alouds and significantly restructured lessons with regard to pacing and activities. These early Supplemental Guides provided step-by-step, scaffolded instruction with the intention that students receiving instruction from teachers using the Supplemental Guide for the first part of the year would be ready to participate in regular Listening & Learning lessons, and that teachers who have used the Supplemental Guide for the first part of the year would be equipped with the instructional strategies to scaffold the lessons when necessary. This shift from the full Supplemental Guide to the Transition Supplemental Guide affords teachers more autonomy and greater responsibility to adjust their execution of the lessons according to the needs of their classes and individual students. Transition Supplemental Guides for the remaining domains will still contain Vocabulary Charts and Supplemental Guide activities such as Multiple Meaning Word Activities, Syntactic Awareness Activities, and Vocabulary Instructional Activities. However, the Transition Supplemental Guides do not have rewritten read-alouds and do not adjust the pacing of instruction; the pacing and read-aloud text included in each Transition Supplemental Guide is identical to the pacing and read-aloud text in the corresponding Tell It Again! Read-Aloud Anthology. We have, however, augmented the introductions and extensions of each lesson in the Transition Supplemental Guides so teachers have additional resources for students who need greater English language support. As a result, there are often more activities suggested than can be completed in the allotted time for the introduction or extension activities. Teachers will need to make informed and conscious decisions in light of their particular students’ needs when choosing which activities to complete and which to omit. We strongly recommend that teachers preview the Domain Assessment prior to teaching this domain; this will provide an additional way to inform their activity choices. Early American Civilizations: Supplemental Guide | Preface v © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation Intended Users and Uses This guide is intended to be used by general education teachers, reading specialists, English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers, special education teachers, and teachers seeking an additional resource for classroom activities. This guide is intended to be both flexible and versatile. Its use is to be determined by teachers in order to fit the unique circumstances and specific needs of their classrooms and individual students. Teachers whose students would benefit from enhanced oral language practice may opt to use the Transition Supplemental Guide as their primary guide for Listening & Learning. Teachers may also choose individual activities from the Transition Supplemental Guide to augment the content covered in the Tell It Again! Read-Aloud Anthology. For example, teachers might use the Vocabulary Instructional Activities, Syntactic Awareness Activities, and modified Extensions during small- group instruction time. Reading specialists and ESL teachers may find that the tiered Vocabulary Charts are a useful starting point in addressing their students’ vocabulary learning needs. The Transition Supplemental Guide is designed to allow flexibility with regard to lesson pacing and encourages education professionals to pause and review when necessary. A number of hands-on activities and graphic organizers are included in the lessons to assist students with learning the content. Transition Supplemental Guide Contents The Transition Supplemental Guide contains tiered Vocabulary Charts, Multiple Meaning Word Activities, Syntactic Awareness Activities, and Vocabulary Instructional Activities. The Domain Assessments and Family Letters have been modified. In some instances, the activities in the Extensions as well as the activities in the Pausing Point, Domain Review, and Culminating Activities have been modified or rewritten. Please refer to the following sample At a Glance Chart to see how additional support is communicated to the teacher. vi Early American Civilizations: Supplemental Guide | Preface © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation Exercise Materials Details Introducing the Read-Aloud (10 minutes) Introductory Content [Additional materials to help [A brief explanation about how the support this part of the lesson will material can be used.] be listed here.] Vocabulary Preview [There will be one or two vocabulary preview words per lesson.] Purpose for Listening Presenting the Read-Aloud (15 minutes) Note: It is highly recommended that teachers preview the read-aloud, Flip Book images, and comprehension questions to determine when to pause during the read-aloud and ask guiding questions, especially before a central or diffi cult point is going to be presented (e.g., While we are reading this part of the read-aloud, I want to you think about . .) and supplementary questions (e.g., Who/What/Where/When/Why literal questions) to check for understanding. Title of Read-Aloud [Materials that may help scaffold the read-aloud will be listed here.] Discussing the Read-Aloud (15 minutes) Comprehension Questions Word Work Complete Remainder of the Lesson Later in the Day Extensions (20 minutes) Extension Activities [Additional Extension activities may include a Multiple Meaning Word Activity, a Syntactic Awareness Activity, a Vocabulary Instructional Activity, and modified existing activities or new activities.] The additional materials found in the Transition Supplemental Guide afford students further opportunities to use domain vocabulary and demonstrate knowledge of content. The lessons of this guide contain activities that create a purposeful and systematic setting for English language learning. The read-aloud for each story or nonfiction text builds upon previously taught vocabulary and ideas and introduces language and knowledge needed for the next more complex text. The Transition Supplemental Guide’s focus on oral language in the earlier grades Early American Civilizations: Supplemental Guide | Preface vii © 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation addresses the language learning needs of students with limited English language skills. These students—outside of a school setting—may not be exposed to the kind of academic language found in many written texts. Vocabulary Charts Vocabulary Chart for [Title of Lesson] Core

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