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Species of the genus Condylostylus from Vietnam (Diptera: Empidoidea, )# YANG Ding, LI Xuankun, LIU Xingyue** 5 (Department of Entomology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193) Abstract: The following two species of the genus Condylostylus are reported from Vietnam for the first time: Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent and Condylostylus ornatipennis (De Meijere). A key to the species of the genus Condylostylus from Vietnam is presented. This genus is mainly distributed in the 10 tropical regions and characterized by the following features: 1 strong vt arising from distinct setose mound on frons; 2-3 pairs of long acr; both sexes with 4-5 strong dc; 2 pairs of strong sc; M1 strongly bent, nearly in right angle; hypandrium often short and broad, its lateral arm reduced or absent. Condylostylus luteicoxa is characterized by all coxae yellow except mid coxa with one black outer stripe, all femora yellow except extreme tips of hind femur blackish, mid tibia apically and tarsus 15 entirely with row of crocheted ad, and male cercus long strip-like. Condylostylus ornatipennis is characterized by all coxae black, all femora black except tips of fore and mid femora and extreme tip of hind femur, fore and hind femora with hair-like v longer than femur thickness, and male cercus long strip-like with thick base. Keywords: Entomology; Diptera; Empidoidea; Dolichopodidae; Condylostylus; Vietnam 20 0 Introduction Condylostylus Bigot is a large genus in the subfamily with 262 known species worldwide, most of which are restricted in the Neotropical Region (Yang et al. 2006) [1]. The major references dealing with the Oriental species of Condylostylus are Becker (1922) [2], Bickel 25 (1994) [3], Yang (1995, 1998) [4, 5], Zhu and Yang (2007) [6], Yang et al. (2011) [7], and Wang et al. (2012) [8]. A key to Oriental and East Palaearctic species of Condylostylus was gave by Bickel (1994) [3], and the Chinese species of Condylostylus was reviewed by Yang et al. (2011) [7]. Six species of the genus Condylostylus were known to occur in Vietnam (Li et al., 2012) [9]. Here two species of the genus Condylostylus, Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent and Condylostylus 30 ornatipennis (De Meijere), are reported from Vietnam for the first time. These two species are also redescribed and reillustrated in details for the first time. A key to the species of the genus from Vietnam is provided for the convenience of the identification. 1 Material and Methods Specimen examined are deposited in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural 35 University, Beijing (CAU). Terminology follows Bickel (1994) [3]. The following abbreviations are used: acr – acrostichal seta(e), d – dorsal seta(e), dc – dorsocentral seta(e), ih – inner humeral seta(e), LI – fore leg, LII – mid leg, LIII – hind leg, npl – notopleural seta(e), oc – ocellar seta(e), pd – posterodorsal seta(e), ph – posthumeral seta(e), psa – postalar seta(e), sa – supraalar seta(e), su – sutural seta(e), sc – scutellar seta(e), vt – vertical seta(e).

40 2 Genus Condylostylus Bigot, 1859 Condylostylus Bigot, 1859: 215. Type species: Psilopus bituberculatus Macquart, 1842 (original designation) [10].

Foundations: Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (Nos. 20090008110016, 20090008120019); National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31272354, 31210103044) Brief author introduction:YANG Ding, (1962-), male, professor, taxonomy. Correspondance author: LIU Xingyue, (1981-), male, associate professor, insect taxonomy.E-mail: [email protected]

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Diagnosis. 1 strong vt arising from distinct setose mound on frons; arista dorsal, sometimes 45 dorsoapical. 2-3 pairs of long acr; both sexes with 4-5 strong dc; 2 pairs of strong sc. Fore coxa with 3 strong distolateral bristles; fore tibia usually without strong bristle; mid tibia with distinct ad and pd. Wing sometimes with characteristic maculation as follows: wing brown, but posterior

portion pale, and with a white spot near crossvein m-cu; M1 strongly bent, nearly in right angle; crossvein m-cu straight. Tergum 7 well developed, but sternum 7 strongly reduced and 50 membranous; hypopygium often relatively small compared with other Sciapodinae; hypandrium often short and broad, its lateral arm reduced or absent; aedeagus band-like in lateral view; epandrial lobe not developed; cercus usually simple, commonly elongate and filiform, but sometimes clavate and expanded. Remarks. For list of synonymy of the genus, see Yang et al. (2006) [1]. 55 Key to species of Condylostylus from Vietnam 1. At least mid and hind coxae brown or black...... 2 All coxae yellow …...... 7 2. Fore coxa yellow …...... 3 60 Fore coxa black …...... 4 3. Wing dark brown with distinct white opaque window; fore coxa with numerous short setae on inner surface; cercus much elongated (7–8 times as long as epandrium), and without setose ventral process …...... C. damingshanus Wang, Zhu et Yang Wing brown to dark brown but without distinct white window; fore coxa without such setae on 65 inner surface; cercus rather short (little longer than epandrium), with short ventral process bearing long setae ...... C. vietnamensis Li, Li et Yang 4. Cercus wide band-like or nearly finger-like; fore tarsomere 1 not flattened basally; all femora entirely black, or at most with extreme tips of femora brownish yellow or brown ...... 5 Cercus expanded and hatchet-shaped; fore tarsomere 1 basally flattened; all femora black with 70 yellow apices ...... C. latipennis Parent 5. Cercus thin finger-like, slightly longer than epandrium, much extending beyond apex of surstylus ...... … 6 Cercus wide band-like, slightly shorter than epandrium, not extending much beyond apex of surstylus …...... C. conspectus Becker 75 6. Halter yellow; cercus with distinctive setose ventral mound ...... … C. fenestratus (Wulp) Halter dark brown; cercus without distinctive setose ventral mound …...... C. ornatipennis (De Meijere) 7. Cercus short, geniculate …...... C. geniculatus Yang Cercus long, strip-like ...... C. luteicoxa Parent 80 1. Condylostylus conspectus Becker, 1922 Condylostylus conspectus Becker, 1922: 225. Type locality: India: Calcutta, and Unchagoan, Naini Tal District, base of W Himalayas [2]. Condylostylus nigrosetosus Parent, 1937: 142. Type locality: India [11]. 85 Diagnosis. All coxae and femora black except extreme tips of femora brownish yellow or brown. Cercus long band-like, apically with an incision. Specimen examined. 1 male, Vietnam, Dak Lak, Yok Don National Park, 200 m, 2012.V.9, Weihai Li.

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Distribution. Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam. 90 2. Condylostylus damingshanus Wang, Zhu et Yang, 2012 Condylostylus geniculatus Wang, Zhu et Yang, 2012: 376. Type locality: China: Guangxi, Damingshan [8]. Diagnosis. Apical one-sixth of hind femur blackish. Fore coxa with numerous short setae on inner surface. Fore and mid femora each with row of pale yellow hair-like pv (longest pv longer 95 than femur thickness). Fore tarsomeres 2–4 with row of crocheted pv. Male cercus very long, nearly reaching base of abdomen.

Specimen examined. 1 male, Vietnam,Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao National Park, 1010 m, 2012.V.17, Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, Vietnam. 100 3. Condylostylus fenestratus (Wulp, 1892) Psilopus fenestratus Wulp, 1892: 200. Type locality: Indonesia: Java[12]. Diagnosis. Wing largely gray, with median pale spot indistinct. All coxae and femora black. Cercus with two ventral denticles, with dense ventral setulae on apical two-thirds. Specimen examined. 1 male, Vietnam, Hoa Binh, Mai Chau, Tan Son, 1000 m, 2012.IV.27, 105 Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam. 4. Condylostylus geniculatus Yang, 1998 Condylostylus geniculatus Yang, 1998: 184. Type locality: China: Sichuan, Emeishan[5]. Diagnosis. Legs including all coxae yellow except tarsomeres 2–5 dark brown. Cercus 110 geniculate in shape. Specimens examined. 3 males 7 females, Vietnam, Lam Dong, Lac Duong, Da Chais, Giang Ly, 2011.VII.7, Guoquan Wang; 3 males 6 females, Vietnam,Thua Thien Hue, Phu Loc, Bach Ma National Park, 520 m, 2012.V.4, Xingyue Liu; 3 males 7 females, Vietnam, Lam Dong, Lac Duong, Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, Giang Ly Station, 1455 m, 2012.V.11, Xingyue Liu; 4 115 males 3 females, Vietnam, Thua Thien Hue, Phu Loc, Bach Ma National Park, 520 m, 2012.V.3, Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, Vietnam. 5. Condylostylus latipennis Parent, 1941 Condylostylus latipennis Parent, 1941: 210. Type locality: China: Hainan[13]. 120 Diagnosis. Fore tarsomere 1 flattened at base. All coxae black; all femora black with yellow apices. Cercus much enlarged, slightly larger than epandrium. Specimens examined. 1 male, Vietnam, Dak Lak, Yok Don National Park, 200 m, 2012.V.8, Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam. 125 6. Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent, 1929 (Figs 1-5)

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Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent, 1929: 225. Type locality: India: Assam, Khasi Hills[14]. Diagnosis. Wing dark brown with large hyaline portion. All coxae yellow except mid coxa with one black outer stripe. All femora yellow except extreme tips of hind femur blackish. All 130 femora basally with pale yellow ventral setulae and setae. Mid tibia apically and tarsus entirely with row of crocheted ad. Male cercus long strip-like. Description. Male. Body length 6.6 mm, wing length 6.2 mm. Head brightly metallic green with thin pale grey pollen. Setulae and setae on head black except middle and lower postocular setae including posteroventral setulae pale yellow; 1 long vt 135 and 6-10 pale yellow setulae present on tubercle; 1 uppermost seta of postoculars long. Ocellar tubercle with 2 very long strong oc and 2 short posterior setulae about 1/3 as long as oc. Antenna black; pedicel with circlet of short black apical setae except 1 dorsal seta and 1 ventral seta relatively long; first flagellomere nearly trapezoid, slightly longer than wide; arista slightly longer than head width, upper apical, black. Proboscis dark yellow with black setulae; palpus black with 140 black setulae and 2 black thin setae. Thorax brightly metallic green with thin pale grey pollen. Setulae and setae on thorax black; 4 long dc; 2 long irregularly paired acr; 1 ih, 1 ph, 1 su, 2 sa, 1 psa, 2 npl; scutellum with two pairs of long sc. Legs mostly yellow; all coxae yellow except mid coxa with one black outer stripe; all femora yellow except extreme tip of hind femur blackish; tarsomere 1 yellow with extreme tip 145 brown or dark brown, tarsomeres 2-5 dark brown. Setulae and setae on legs black, but all coxae with pale yellow setulae and black setae, all femora basally with ventral setulae and setae pale yellow. Fore coxa with 3 strong apical anterior setae, mid coxa with 5-6 apical anterior setae, hind coxa with 1 exterior seta at base. All femora basally with row of short setula-like av and pv except pv of mid femur relatively long (about as long as femur thickness). Fore tibia with 1 ad; apically

150 Figs 1-2. Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent 1. Male adult, lateral view; 2. female adult, lateral view.

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Figs 3-5. Condylostylus luteicoxa Parent 3. Male wing; 4. male abdomen, lateral view; 5. male genitalia, lateral 155 view.

with 1 pd and 1 brown hair-like pv. Mid tibia with 3 ad, 4 pd and 1 av; apically with 3 setae. Mid tibia apically and entire tarsus with row of crocheted ad. Hind tibia with 7-8 short weak pd; apically with 3 setae. Fore tarsomere 1 with 4 short hair-like pv. Mid tarsomere 1 with 7 short 160 thick pv. Relative length ratio of tibiae and tarsomeres: LI 3.0 : 2.75 : 1.0 : 0.8 : 0.4 : 0.2; LII 4.5 : 3.8 : 1.2 : 0.8 : 0.3 : 0.2; LIII 5.5 : 2.8 : 1.1 : 0.7 : 0.4 : 0.2. Wing dark brown with basal portion

and posterior margin hyaline, veins dark brown, cell R4+5 with one hyaline spot; vein M1 basally distinctly curved and nearly geniculate; crossvein m-cu nearly straight, CuAx ratio 1.5. Squama brown with blackish setulae. Halter yellow. 165 Abdomen metallic green with pale gray pollen. Setulae and setae on abdomen black except tergite 1 and sternites 1-4 with pale yellow setulae. Male genitalia: Epandrium relatively small, slightly longer than wide; surstylus rather short, about one-sixth as long as epandrium, and with 2 setae at base; cercus about 3 times as long as epandrium, long strip-like. Female. Body length 6.6 mm, wing length 6.2 mm. Similar to male, but postgena with 1 170 thick black bristle. Fore tibia with 2 ad. Mid tibia with 2 ad, 2 pd and 2 av. Specimens examined. 1 male 1 female, Vietnam, Hoa Binh, Mai Chau, Tan Son, 1000 m, 2012.IV.27, Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, India, Japan, Vietnam. Remarks. This new species is somewhat similar to Condylostylus nebulosus (Matsumura) 175 from China and South Asia, but may be separated from the latter by the mid tibia apically and entire tarsus with one row of crocheted ad. In C. nebulosus, the mid tibia apically and mid tarsus entirely have no crocheted ad (Yang et al., 2011). 7. Condylostylus ornatipennis (De Meijere, 1910) (Figs 6-9) Agonosoma ornatipennis De Meijere, 1910: 86. Type locality: Indonesia: Java, Antjol nr 180 Batavia, Muara, Tandjong Priok[15].

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Diagnosis. Wing dark brown with large hyaline portion. All coxae black. All femora black except tips of fore and mid femora and extreme tip of hind femur. Fore and hind femora with hair-like v longer than femur thickness. Halter dark brown. Male cercus long strip-like with thick base. 185 Description. Male. Body length 4.5 mm, wing length 4.7 mm. Head brightly metallic green with thin pale grey pollen. Setulae and setae on head black except middle and lower postocular setae including posteroventral setulae pale yellow; 1 long vt and 5 blackish setulae present on tubercle; 1 uppermost seta of postoculars long. Ocellar tubercle with 2 very long strong oc and 2 short posterior setulae about 1/3 as long as oc. Antenna black; 190 pedicel with circlet of short black apical setae except 1 dorsal seta and 1 ventral seta relatively long; first flagellomere nearly trapezoid, nearly as long as wide; arista slightly longer than head width, upper apical, black. Proboscis brownish yellow with black setulae; palpus black with black setulae and 2 black setae. Thorax brightly metallic green with thin pale grey pollen. Setulae and setae on thorax black; 195 5 long dc; 2 long irregularly paired acr; 1 ih, 1 ph, 1 su, 2 sa, 1 psa, 2 npl; scutellum with two pairs of long sc. Legs mostly black; all coxae black except extreme tip of fore coxa brownish yellow; all femora black except narrow tips of fore and mid femora and extreme tip of hind femur yellow; all tibiae yellow except extreme tips brown; tarsomere 1 yellow with extreme tip dark brown, tarsomeres 2-5 dark brown. Setulae and setae on legs black, but all coxae with dark yellow setulae 200 and black setae, all femora basally with ventral setulae and setae pale yellow. Fore coxa with 3 strong apical anterior setae, mid coxa with 4 apical anterior setae, hind coxa with 1 exterior seta at base. Fore femur basally with row of setula-like av and pv slightly longer than femur thickness, apically with row of 6 black pv; mid femur basally with row of setula-like av and pv shorter than femur thickness; hind femur with row of setula-like av distinctly longer than femur thickness. Fore 205 tibia without distinct d; apically with 2 long close pv. Mid tibia with 2 short pd; apically with 2 setae. Hind tibia without distinct d; apically with 2 short weak setae. Fore tarsomere 1 with row of very short hair-like pv somewhat erect. Hind tarsomere 1 with 1 pv at base. Relative length ratio of tibiae and tarsomeres: LI 2.3 : 2.0 : 0.7 : 0.5 : 0.35 : 0.2; LII 3.3 : 2.7 : 0.9 : 0.7 : 0.3 : 0.2; LIII 4.4 : 2.2 : 0.85 : 0.45 : 0.3 : 0.2. Wing dark brown with basal portion and posterior margin hyaline,

210 veins dark brown, cell R4+5 with one hyaline spot; vein M1 basally distinctly curved and nearly geniculate; crossvein m-cu nearly straight, CuAx ratio 1.5. Squama dark brown with blackish setulae. Halter dark brown. Abdomen metallic green with pale gray pollen. Setulae and setae on abdomen black except tergite 1 and sternites 1-3 with pale yellow setulae. Male genitalia: Epandrium relatively small, 215 slightly longer than wide; surstylus short thick, about one-fourth as long as epandrium, and with 2 setae at base; cercus about 2.5 times as long as epandrium, long strip-like with thick base. Female. Not available. Specimen examined. 1 male, Vietnam, Quang Binh, Minh Hoa, Bo Trach, Deo Da Deo,

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220 Figs 6. Condylostylus ornatipennis (De Meijere), male adult, lateral view.

Figs 7-9. Condylostylus ornatipennis (De Meijere) 7. Male wing; 8. male abdomen, lateral view; 9. male genitalia, lateral view. 225 2012. IV. 30, Xingyue Liu. Distribution. China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Remarks. This species is somewhat similar to Condylostylus leigongshanus Wei et Yang

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from Xizang, Guizhou and Guangxi of China, but may be separated from the latter by the fore 230 tibia yellow and male cercus simple without the setose mound at middle. In C. leigongshanus, the fore tibia brown, the male cercus has the setose ventral mound at middle (Yang et al., 2011). 8. Condylostylus vietnamensis Li, Li et Yang, 2012 Condylostylus vietnamensis Li, Li et Yang, 2012: Type locality: Vietnam: Hoa Binh, Mai Chau, Tan Son[9]. 235 Diagnosis. Wing brown to dark brown without distinct hyaline spot. Fore coxa yellow, mid and hind coxae black. All femora yellow except extreme tips of fore and mid femora and tip of hind femur blackish. All femora with long pale yellow ventral setulae. Cercus with a short ventral process bearing long setae. Specimens examined. Holotype male, Vietnam, Hoa Binh, Mai Chau, Tan Son, 1000 m, 240 2012.IV.27, Xingyue Liu. Paratype 1 male, same data as holotype. Distribution. Vietnam.

Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Dr. Weihai Li (Xingxiang) and Dr. Guoquan Wang (Nanning) for collecting specimens. 245

References

[1] Yang D, Zhu Y J, Wang M Q, Zhang L L. World catalog of Dolichopodidae (Insecta: Diptera)[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural University Press, 2006, 704 pp. [2] Becker T. Dipterologische Studien. Dolichopodidae der Indo-Australischen Region[J]. Capita Zoologica, 1922, 250 1(4): 1-247. [3] Bickel D J. The Australian Sciapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with a review of the Oriental and Australasian faunas, and a world conspectus of the subfamily[J]. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement, 1994, 21: 1-394. [4] Yang D. Two new species of Condylostylus (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) from China[J]. Studia Dipterologica, 255 1995, 2(1): 61-64. [5] Yang D. Six new species of Dolichopodidae from China (Diptera)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 1998, 41(Supplement): 180-185. [6] Zhu Y J, Yang D. Two new species of Condylostylus Bigot from China (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)[J]. Transactions of American Entomological Society, 2007, 133(3-4): 353-356. 260 [7] Yang D, Zhang L L, Wang M Q, Zhu Y J. Fauna Sinica Insecta Vol. 53. Diptera Dolichopodidae[M]. Science Press, Beijing, 2011, 1912 pp. [8] Wang J J, Zhu Y J, Yang D. New species of Amblypsilopus and Condylostylus from Guangxi, China (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)[J]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 2012, 37(2): 374-377. [9] Li X K, Li Z, Yang D. 2012. Condylostylus Bigot from Vietnam with description of a new species and a key to 265 Vietnamese species (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)[J]. Zootaxa, 2012, 3521: 59-66. [10] Bigot J M F. Essai d'une classification générale et synoptique de l'ordre des Insectes Diptères.VII mémoire. Tribus des Rhaphidi et Dolichopodid (Mihi)[J]. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 1859, (3)7, 201-231. [11] Parent O. Diptères Dolichopodides. Espèces et localités nouvelles[J]. Bulletin et Annales de la Société Royal 270 d'Entomologie de Belgique, 1937, 77: 125-148. [12] Wulp F M van der. Eenige Uitlandsche Diptera[J]. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 1892, 34: 193-217. [13] Parent O. Diptères Dolichopodides de la région Indo-Australienne. Espèces et localités nouvelles[J]. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 1941, (11)7: 195-235. [14] Parent O. Étude sur les Dolichopodides exotiques de la Collection von Röder[J]. Annales de la Société 275 Scientifique de Bruxelles, 1929, (B)49: 169-246. [15] De Meijere J C H. Studien über südostasiatische Dipteren. IV. Die neue Dipterenfauna von krakatau' s Gravenhage[J]. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 1910, 53: 58-194.

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280 越南毛瘤长足虻属分类研究（双翅目: 舞虻总科，长 足虻科） 杨定，李轩昆，刘星月 （中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院昆虫学系，北京 100193） 摘要：本文记述越南毛瘤长足虻属二新记录种，即基黄毛瘤长足虻 Condylostylus luteicoxa 285 Parent 和黑腿毛瘤长足虻 Condylostylus ornatipennis (De Meijere)，并编制越南毛瘤长足虻属 分种检索表。该属主要分布在热带地区，鉴别特征如下：额有 1 根强鬃位于毛瘤上; 中鬃长， 2-3 对; 雌雄虻均具 4-5 根强的背中鬃; 2 对强的小盾鬃; M1 近直角弯曲; 下生殖板短宽，其 侧臂退化或缺如。基黄毛瘤长足虻鉴别特征为足基节黄色且中足基节有 1 黑条, 腿节黄色且 后足腿节最末端浅黑色, 中足胫节端部和整个跗节有一排披针形前背毛, 雄虻尾须长条形。 290 黑腿毛瘤长足虻鉴别特征为足基节黑色，腿节黑色且前中足腿节端部和后足腿节最末端黄 色，前中足腿节腹鬃长毛状且长于腿节粗，雄虻尾须长条形且基部粗。 关键词：昆虫学；双翅目；舞虻总科；长足虻科；毛瘤长足虻属；越南 中图分类号：Q969.44

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