Chorus by Lush | Box Set Review

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Chorus by Lush | Box Set Review Chorus by Lush | Box Set Review thelineofbestfit.com /reviews/albums/lushs-chorus-anthology-is-a-lexicon-of-love/ Ed Nash Chorus is the perfect title for an anthology of Lush’s relentlessly infectious songs. Their studio albums, 1992s Spooky, 1994s Split and 1996s Lovelife are topped and tailed by here two compilations, Gala and Topolino, as well as everything else they recorded. A mammoth 105 tracks are spread over five lovingly packaged discs. Prior to their very welcome live return next year - their first shows since the tragic passing of drummer Chris Acland twenty years ago - Chorus is timely reminder of how wonderful Lush were. Whether pedaling the space rock which saw them lumped in with Shoegaze initially or their spikier later material, the theme of love runs consistently through their songs. They wrote about it quite brilliantly, be that the rancour of “Bitter” or the melancholy of “Nothing Natural.” Calling themselves Lush proved to be a double edged sword. On one hand, it fitted with the beauty of their initially dreamy, gauzy songs. They didn’t look like your typical indie band either - Acland and bassist Phil King were such a pair of handsome devils they could have been Gap models. However the flipside to the name was their joy of enjoying a beer and letting their hair down, which unfairly saw singing guitarists Miki Berenyi and Emma Anderson being written about in gossip columns almost as much as they were for their music. For all their down to earthness (Berenyi was hilariously dismissive about her treatment at the hands of male musicians in the recent Girl In A Band documentary), Lush were incredibly serious about the music they made, which shines through in Chorus. The first record here, Gala, was effectively their second album of sorts (if you include the mini-album Scar) before they’d even released a debut proper. With 4AD label mate Robin Guthrie of the Cocteau Twins on production duties, 1/2 it was a perfect marriage of band and producer. The two versions of the delight that is “Thoughtforms” show their progression from the tentative sounding band of Scar into the blisteringly confident one of the Mad Love EP, which was the sound of a group in the first flush of success. There are highlights galore to be found on Gala, not least “Leaves Me Cold”, which miraculously manages to sound paranoid, ecstatic and annoyed at the same time. Yet when they released their debut album Spooky, there was justifiable criticism that Guthrie’s influence had gone a little too far. The sheer effervescence of a song like Gala’s mighty “Deluxe” and the wit of a line like "Grass in my thighs, my aching legs" wasn’t matched by a song such as “Monochrome"’s "And sometimes I think if I stand by the phone it may ring". But their knack for nailing matters of the heart remained, with the gorgeous “For Love” telling a heartbreaking story of romance on the skids, and “Superblast” showing they could still sound thrillingly energetic. Split saw Lush at a crossroads, one where they still retained 4AD’s signature ethereal sound, but started to add a more jagged tone with the likes of the punky “Hypocrite”. At the time they were seen to be tentatively embracing the nascent Britpop scene, when in fact they were refining the more abrasive roots of Scar. By their last album, Lovelife, Britpop had erupted and the spikier Lush of Split was dialled up. Occasionally they strayed too close to the formulas of the zeitgeist, as on the Boo Radleys-lite trumpets of “I’ve Been Here Before”, but generally - and admirably - they stuck to their pop guns. Album highlight “Ciao” could be a Lee Hazlewood song, with Pulp’s Jarvis Cocker’s vocal providing the perfect counterpoint to Berenyi’s conversational singing. Its acoustic feel is far removed from their expansive early records, yet whatever Lush did had a pop DNA running through it. They constantly knocked out mean cover versions too, tackling an array of artists such as The Beach Boys’ Dennis Wilson, Elvis Costello and The Magnetic Fields, but what made their covers so beguiling was that they always sounded like themselves. Standouts are two breathless versions of ABBA’s “Hey, Hey Helen” and an irresistible blast of Wire’s “Outdoor Miner”, but perhaps their finest cover is a take on Vashti Bunyan’s great lost pop classic “I’d Like To Walk Around In Your Mind”, which nails the melancholy of the original to a tee. Chronologically there’s a minor quibble about Chorus’s track-sequencing, with lots of the additional material randomly added to unrelated albums. For example, Gala’s “Sweetness and Light" also turns up on two other discs, Spooky has Kevin Shields’ bonkers Orange Squash mix of it and a lovely, faster demo appears on Lovelife. The tracklisting doesn't provide a true narrative, but given the excitement of their imminent return, such gripes are small beer. Lush were a band who moved with the times, managing to straddle both the Shoegaze and Britpop scenes, yet standing apart from them at the same time. There’s a slew of modern classics to be cherished on Chorus, which makes it a must have for the completist and a treasure trove of gems for anyone entranced by the combination guitars, pop music and songs about love. 2/2.
Recommended publications
  • My Bloody Valentine's Loveless David R
    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2006 My Bloody Valentine's Loveless David R. Fisher Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC MY BLOODY VALENTINE’S LOVELESS By David R. Fisher A thesis submitted to the College of Music In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2006 The members of the Committee approve the thesis of David Fisher on March 29, 2006. ______________________________ Charles E. Brewer Professor Directing Thesis ______________________________ Frank Gunderson Committee Member ______________________________ Evan Jones Outside Committee M ember The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables......................................................................................................................iv Abstract................................................................................................................................v 1. THE ORIGINS OF THE SHOEGAZER.........................................................................1 2. A BIOGRAPHICAL ACCOUNT OF MY BLOODY VALENTINE.………..………17 3. AN ANALYSIS OF MY BLOODY VALENTINE’S LOVELESS...............................28 4. LOVELESS AND ITS LEGACY...................................................................................50 BIBLIOGRAPHY..............................................................................................................63
    [Show full text]
  • Omega Auctions Ltd Catalogue 28 Apr 2020
    Omega Auctions Ltd Catalogue 28 Apr 2020 1 REGA PLANAR 3 TURNTABLE. A Rega Planar 3 8 ASSORTED INDIE/PUNK MEMORABILIA. turntable with Pro-Ject Phono box. £200.00 - Approximately 140 items to include: a Morrissey £300.00 Suedehead cassette tape (TCPOP 1618), a ticket 2 TECHNICS. Five items to include a Technics for Joe Strummer & Mescaleros at M.E.N. in Graphic Equalizer SH-8038, a Technics Stereo 2000, The Beta Band The Three E.P.'s set of 3 Cassette Deck RS-BX707, a Technics CD Player symbol window stickers, Lou Reed Fan Club SL-PG500A CD Player, a Columbia phonograph promotional sticker, Rock 'N' Roll Comics: R.E.M., player and a Sharp CP-304 speaker. £50.00 - Freak Brothers comic, a Mercenary Skank 1982 £80.00 A4 poster, a set of Kevin Cummins Archive 1: Liverpool postcards, some promo photographs to 3 ROKSAN XERXES TURNTABLE. A Roksan include: The Wedding Present, Teenage Fanclub, Xerxes turntable with Artemis tonearm. Includes The Grids, Flaming Lips, Lemonheads, all composite parts as issued, in original Therapy?The Wildhearts, The Playn Jayn, Ween, packaging and box. £500.00 - £800.00 72 repro Stone Roses/Inspiral Carpets 4 TECHNICS SU-8099K. A Technics Stereo photographs, a Global Underground promo pack Integrated Amplifier with cables. From the (luggage tag, sweets, soap, keyring bottle opener collection of former 10CC manager and music etc.), a Michael Jackson standee, a Universal industry veteran Ric Dixon - this is possibly a Studios Bates Motel promo shower cap, a prototype or one off model, with no information on Radiohead 'Meeting People Is Easy 10 Min Clip this specific serial number available.
    [Show full text]
  • Interview with Lush's Frontwoman Miki Berenyi
    Interview with Lush's frontwoman Miki Berenyi musicophile97.blogspot.co.uk/2016/08/interview-with-lushs-frontwoman-miki.html It’s a regular Tuesday night in everything but the fact that I am currently sat opposite Miki Berenyi, the returned frontwoman of Lush. After nearly a 20-year break, the 90s favourite indie kids make their return. Much has changed for the band in the interim: Elastica’s Justin Welch replaces Chris Acland on drums after Acland committed suicide in 1996; Berenyi all but disappeared from the music scene to start a family and hold down a regular job. In spite of this, she remains the same at the core: she sips on white wine that she brought over, and intermittently takes a few drags on an e-cigarette. When she speaks of how it feels to be back, Berenyi says it’s ‘really quite odd actually […] I was losing sleep about having agreed to do this. I suddenly thought, “fuck, I haven’t played in twenty years, this is going to be a disaster.” And actually, it was really good to just go into the studio and sing and play guitar and think, “ok, I can still do this!”’ In spite of having been out of the game for so long, there is a clear sense of anticipation to play live again [I spoke to Berenyi before Lush’s headline shows at the Roundhouse]. ‘It’s a bit weird cos we haven’t played yet […] I went on the radio and they were like “ooh so how’s it going?” and all I can really talk about is rehearsals.
    [Show full text]
  • Harold Budd / Simon Raymonde / Robin Guthrie / Elizabeth Fraser
    Harold Budd The Moon And The Melodies mp3, flac, wma DOWNLOAD LINKS (Clickable) Genre: Electronic / Rock Album: The Moon And The Melodies Country: Canada Released: 1986 Style: Ethereal, Ambient MP3 version RAR size: 1516 mb FLAC version RAR size: 1643 mb WMA version RAR size: 1825 mb Rating: 4.3 Votes: 941 Other Formats: VQF WMA MMF AC3 WAV AC3 WMA Tracklist A1 Sea, Swallow Me A2 Memory Gongs A3 Why Do You Love Me? A4 Eyes Are Mosaics B1 She Will Destroy You B2 The Ghost Has No Home B3 Bloody And Blunt B4 Ooze Out And Away, One How Other versions Category Artist Title (Format) Label Category Country Year Harold Budd / Harold Budd / Elizabeth Fraser / Elizabeth Fraser Robin Guthrie / CAD 611 / Robin Guthrie / 4AD CAD 611 UK 1986 Simon Raymonde - Simon The Moon And The Raymonde Melodies (LP, Album) Harold Budd / Simon Harold Budd / Raymonde / Robin Simon Guthrie / Elizabeth CAD 611 CD Raymonde / 4AD CAD 611 CD UK Unknown Fraser - The Moon Robin Guthrie / And The Melodies Elizabeth Fraser (CD, Album, May) Rough Harold Budd / Simon Trade RTD Harold Budd / RTD Raymonde / Robin Records 120.0038.2, Simon 120.0038.2, Guthrie / Elizabeth GmbH, RTD Raymonde / RTD Germany 1992 Fraser - The Moon Rough 120.0038.2 Robin Guthrie / 120.0038.2 And The Melodies Trade 40 Elizabeth Fraser 40 (CD, Album, RE) Records GmbH Harold Budd / Harold Budd / Elizabeth Fraser / Elizabeth Fraser Robin Guthrie / 4AD, DG ECD 65039 / Robin Guthrie / Simon Raymonde - ECD 65039 Argentina Unknown Discos Simon The Moon And The Raymonde Melodies (CD, Album, RE) Harold Budd / Simon Harold Budd / Raymonde / Robin Simon Guthrie / Elizabeth 33CY-1571 Raymonde / 4AD 33CY-1571 Japan 1987 Fraser - The Moon Robin Guthrie / And The Melodies Elizabeth Fraser (CD, Album) Related Music albums to The Moon And The Melodies by Harold Budd 1.
    [Show full text]
  • From Reluctance to Reunion Interview | Under the Radar
    Lush: From Reluctance to Reunion Interview | Under the Radar undertheradarmag.com /interviews/lush/ Lush From Reluctance to Reunion Jul 01, 2016 By Frank Valish Photography by James Loveday Issue # 57 - M83 Back in 2014, when Lush's Miki Berenyi and Emma Anderson spoke with Under the Radar about the band's seminal albums Split and Lovelife, the idea of getting the band back together was something of a pipe dream. The London outfit, which formed out of friendship in the late '80s, rode a wave of shoegaze and Britpop to success in the decade that followed. But after disbanding in the wake of the suicide of founding drummer Chris Acland in 1996, Berenyi and Anderson moved on—they had children and got day jobs. Other than Anderson's stint in Sing-Sing in the late '90s and early '00s, they had been out of music completely. "It's so difficult," said Berenyi at the time. "There's part of me that thinks that it would be nice or it would be fun. I don't know. I feel very confused about the issue, if I'm honest. I don't play music. I'm not in a band. I haven't been 1/3 since Lush. The actual logistics of getting it together are pretty phenomenal. It scares me a bit." For Anderson, a single mother who found herself moving around a bit in the years prior, the demands of life made reformation tricky: "Having a young child is very, very time-consuming and exhausting and there's not a lot of brain space for anything else right now," she said at the time.
    [Show full text]
  • APRIL 22 ISSUE Orders Due March 24 MUSIC • FILM • MERCH Axis.Wmg.Com 4/22/17 RSD AUDIO & VIDEO RECAP
    2017 NEW RELEASE SPECIAL APRIL 22 ISSUE Orders Due March 24 MUSIC • FILM • MERCH axis.wmg.com 4/22/17 RSD AUDIO & VIDEO RECAP ARTIST TITLE LBL CNF UPC SEL # SRP ORDERS DUE Le Soleil Est Pres de Moi (12" Single Air Splatter Vinyl)(Record Store Day PRH A 190295857370 559589 14.98 3/24/17 Exclusive) Anni-Frid Frida (Vinyl)(Record Store Day Exclusive) PRL A 190295838744 60247-P 21.98 3/24/17 Wild Season (feat. Florence Banks & Steelz Welch)(Explicit)(Vinyl Single)(Record WB S 054391960221 558713 7.98 3/24/17 Store Day Exclusive) Cracked Actor (Live Los Angeles, Bowie, David PRH A 190295869373 559537 39.98 3/24/17 '74)(3LP)(Record Store Day Exclusive) BOWPROMO (GEM Promo LP)(1LP Vinyl Bowie, David PRH A 190295875329 559540 54.98 3/24/17 Box)(Record Store Day Exclusive) Live at the Agora, 1978. (2LP)(Record Cars, The ECG A 081227940867 559102 29.98 3/24/17 Store Day Exclusive) Live from Los Angeles (Vinyl)(Record Clark, Brandy WB A 093624913894 558896 14.98 3/24/17 Store Day Exclusive) Greatest Hits Acoustic (2LP Picture Cure, The ECG A 081227940812 559251 31.98 3/24/17 Disc)(Record Store Day Exclusive) Greatest Hits (2LP Picture Disc)(Record Cure, The ECG A 081227940805 559252 31.98 3/24/17 Store Day Exclusive) Groove Is In The Heart / What Is Love? Deee-Lite ECG A 081227940980 66622 14.98 3/24/17 (Pink Vinyl)(Record Store Day Exclusive) Coral Fang (Explicit)(Red Vinyl)(Record Distillers, The RRW A 081227941468 48420 21.98 3/24/17 Store Day Exclusive) Live At The Matrix '67 (Vinyl)(Record Doors, The ECG A 081227940881 559094 21.98 3/24/17
    [Show full text]
  • GPS 04 Was Produced By
    SO WHAT WILL YOU BE DOING IN TEN YEARS TIME ? “I’ D LIKE TO BE A CONSULTANT TO THE FOREIGN OFFICE AND A RECORD PRODUCER .” STILL MAKING RECORDS ? “M AYBE ...” MELODY MAKER , 1990 - 2 - Glasperlenspiel Zero Four m i x i n g m e m o r y a n d d e s i r e Editorial GPS 04 was produced by The Glass Bead Collective: The publication of GPS 04 finds The Sisters of Mercy once again active in the live arena whilst bravely extending their long absence of new recordings into a second decade. Magister Ludi: Dr C First, the good news. The “Exxile on Euphoria” tour takes in 18 dates in 7 countries, and an increasing number of “sold out” Acting Editor: signs appearing on the schedule confirms The Sisters’ Chris Sampson continuing appeal as a live act. Moreover, the tour celebrates the twentieth anniversary of the band’s live debut in York. This Writers: is a remarkable achievement in an industry noted for short Sarah Froggatt lifespans and high turnover. In this issue you can find our George Carless ruminations on the meaning of a 20 th anniversary tour and some Chris Sampson reminiscences of our times as Sisters fans. Additional Material: Unfortunately, there is no avoiding the fact that since the last Ted Hughes issue the long-awaited new album has been conspicuous by its Gabriel Garcia Marquez absence. Recent interviews have seen Eldritch finally admitting Max Frisch that, with the music industry in a god-awful mess, the conditions Hanif Kureshi necessary to ensure a Sisters album gets its rightful exposure Walt Whitman and critical reaction simply do not exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Lush - Miki Berenyi and Emma Anderson on 1996 Album “Lovelife” and the Last Days of the Band
    Lush - Miki Berenyi and Emma Anderson on 1996 Album “Lovelife” and the Last Days of the Band undertheradarmag.com /interviews/lush_- _miki_berenyi_and_emma_anderson_on_1996_album_lovelife_and_the_last_d/ "Lush was so tied up with Chris, and without him, it's just really, really difficult to consider [a reunion]." - Miki Berenyi Apr 28, 2015 By Frank Valish Issue #51 - September/October 2014 - alt-J The year was 1996. Lush had released its third full-length album, Lovelife. Although their shoegaze-crossed-with- pop songwriting never truly fit into Britain's chart-centric musical atmosphere, the band was finally getting its due, with Lovelife cracking the Top 10 on Britain's album charts and spawning three charting singles, "Single Girl," "Ladykiller," and "500 (Shake Baby Shake)." The band was in demand for concerts across the U.S. and Europe. On the surface, it seemed like things couldn't get any better. But within a year, it would all be over. 1/4 Lush formed in London in 1988, fronted by school friends Emma Anderson (guitars/vocals) and Miki Berenyi (vocals/guitars), along with Chris Acland (drums) and Steve Rippon (bass). After releasing a series of EPs that garnered Lush attention in the U.K., including 1990 cover stories for both Melody Maker and NME, Rippon left and was replaced by Philip King just prior to the release of the band's full-length debut. Spooky, released in 1992, was an album that showcased the dream-pop soundscapes and ethereal melodies of the band's two frontwomen and propelled Lush to recognition in America with a gig on 1992's Lollapalooza festival.
    [Show full text]
  • Lush: Shoegaze, Blind Spot and Reunions
    Lush: Shoegaze, Blind Spot and Reunions theskinny.co.uk /music/interviews/lush-interview Lush Editor's Choice "You know, I hate the term shoegazing." Emma Anderson laughs but she's frustrated rather than amused as she reflects on the continuing and uncomfortable packaging of the scene her band Lush helped kick-start a mere quarter century ago. That time might have flown but the lazy compartmentalising has remained. "The scene was ridiculed to some extent," she continues, "but if you go back to the 90s, a lot of stuff hasn’t stood the test of time very well at all, and I can see why this has. It has a slightly other-worldly quality, I guess. It's very musical. That might sound really silly but it's not lyric-driven, it's certainly not scene-driven. It's based in music and genuine, real emotion." Hear hear. And her band's lasting qualities go some considerable way towards explaining why their unexpected regrouping late last year was greeted with such immediate warmth. With the likes of Ride and Slowdive's returns leading to a thoughtful re-evaluation of their back catalogues, Lush begin again with their credibility secure, despite elements of a largely supportive press at the time throwing them the odd bitchy barb. As we talk by phone ahead of the band's first release in 20 years – the tremendous Blind Spot EP – and a run of live shows that include two headline performances at London's vast Roundhouse, Anderson recalls those slyly negative notices with bemusement. "This has come up quite a lot actually," she says.
    [Show full text]
  • The Guardian, July 22, 1992
    Wright State University CORE Scholar The Guardian Student Newspaper Student Activities 7-22-1992 The Guardian, July 22, 1992 Wright State University Student Body Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/guardian Part of the Mass Communication Commons Repository Citation Wright State University Student Body (1992). The Guardian, July 22, 1992. : Wright State University. This Newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Activities at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Guardian Student Newspaper by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Guardian ISSUE NO. 2. VOL. 28 WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY WEDNESDAY, JULY 22, 1992 O RECYCLED PAP!!* Oops, watch that turn Students to pay more in the fall By THOMAS J. LUCENTE News Editor Wright State University, for the third time in the last four quarters, has raised tuition. Full-time, undergraduate stu- dents will begin paying $979 per quarter this fall. On July 13, the state Con- trolling Board voted to allow universities to raise their tu- ition as much as 9 percent. The previous cap was 7 percent. Am The cap increase came af- ter Gov. George Voinovich, a graduate of Ohio University and The Ohio State Univer- sity. cut $170.2 million from the budget for higher educa- Paige E. Mulhollan The Falrbom fire department had trouble maneuvering their truck earlier this month, tion. damaging the quad and a trash can. Voinovich, who ran for election as the "education gover- education could be facing an- nor," has now cut the higher educa- other 5 percent in cuts at the end tion budget three times since tak- of the calendar year if no im- INSIDE ing office in January 1991.
    [Show full text]
  • VILLAGE JOURNAL Number 307 June 2015 Circulation 1500
    THE VILLAGE JOURNAL Number 307 June 2015 Circulation 1500 Serving communities in Bundjalung Country, Northern Rivers… Rosebank, Dunoon, Clunes, Bexhill, Mullumbimby, Federal, Eltham, Whian Whian, Eureka, Dorroughby, Corndale, Goonengerry, Upper Coopers Creek, Numulgi Mermaids at Minyon Falls - By Deva Amrita What’s in this month’s VJ? • Friends of the Koalas • Locabiber • Politics of Dancing • Coopers Creek Landcare • Ice Ice Baby • This Psychological Life • Recipe - 10 minute Bread • Deep Southern Skies • Health and Wellbeing • Music Review • Goodbye to Alan and Joan • School News • Greens Latest News • Entertainment villagejournal.org.au phone 0478 182 770 [email protected] PO Box 760, Lismore 2480 VJ Editorial Hello and welcome to another edition of the Village Journal – June 2015 This edition marks my first anniversary as Editor at the VJ and I wish to take this opportunity to thank those advertisers who regularly adver- tise with the VJ and pay on time – you are our life blood and we thank you from the bottom of our hearts. Why am I gushing at advertisers you wonder? Well you see one of the main ongoing problems we have here at The VJ is that of outstanding ‘bad debt’. Basically, this has occurred when we have run ads for individuals/businesses who haven’t paid up for that service. While we have been writing it off incrementally each month it’s just not fair and it is far too big of a financial burden for a community owned and run publi- cation to bear. We simply cannot afford to be owed thousands of dollars in unpaid advertising dollars and we aren’t really in a position to be continually chasing money.
    [Show full text]
  • Dark German Romanticism and the Postpunk Ethos of Joy Division, the Cure and Smashing Pumpkins
    University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Theses and Dissertations Fall 2020 Dark German Romanticism and the Postpunk Ethos of Joy Division, The Cure and Smashing Pumpkins Logan Jansen Hunter Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd Part of the German Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Hunter, L. J.(2020). Dark German Romanticism and the Postpunk Ethos of Joy Division, The Cure and Smashing Pumpkins. (Master's thesis). Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/6182 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DARK GERMAN ROMANTICISM AND THE POSTPUNK ETHOS OF JOY DIVISION, THE CURE AND SMASHING PUMPKINS by Logan Jansen Hunter Bachelors in Arts University of South Carolina, 2017 Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Masters in German College of Arts and Sciences University of South Carolina 2020 Accepted by: Nicholas Vazsonyi, Director of Thesis Yvonne Ivory, Reader Cheryl L. Addy, Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School © Copyright by Logan Jansen Hunter, 2020 All Rights Reserved. ii DEDICATION To my Opa, who helped me to appreciate the complexities of music, understand the significance of history and inspire to learn the German language. Without him, this thesis would not have been possible. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Nicholas Vazsonyi for his willingness to direct my thesis. I would also like to thank Will Whisenant, Ross and James Haynes, Max Gindorf, and C.J.
    [Show full text]