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Italian: Repubblica Italiana),[7][8][9][10] Is a Unitary Parliamentary Republic Insouthern Europe
Italy ( i/ˈɪtəli/; Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica italiana),[7][8][9][10] is a unitary parliamentary republic inSouthern Europe. Italy covers an area of 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and has a largely temperate climate; due to its shape, it is often referred to in Italy as lo Stivale (the Boot).[11][12] With 61 million inhabitants, it is the 5th most populous country in Europe. Italy is a very highly developed country[13]and has the third largest economy in the Eurozone and the eighth-largest in the world.[14] Since ancient times, Etruscan, Magna Graecia and other cultures have flourished in the territory of present-day Italy, being eventually absorbed byRome, that has for centuries remained the leading political and religious centre of Western civilisation, capital of the Roman Empire and Christianity. During the Dark Ages, the Italian Peninsula faced calamitous invasions by barbarian tribes, but beginning around the 11th century, numerous Italian city-states rose to great prosperity through shipping, commerce and banking (indeed, modern capitalism has its roots in Medieval Italy).[15] Especially duringThe Renaissance, Italian culture thrived, producing scholars, artists, and polymaths such as Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo, Michelangelo and Machiavelli. Italian explorers such as Polo, Columbus, Vespucci, and Verrazzano discovered new routes to the Far East and the New World, helping to usher in the European Age of Discovery. Nevertheless, Italy would remain fragmented into many warring states for the rest of the Middle Ages, subsequently falling prey to larger European powers such as France, Spain, and later Austria. -
OPSIDIANET Comparative Rep
OPSIDIANET VULNERABLE OFFENDERS THE RIGHTS OF SUSPECTS AND ACCUSED WITH PSYCHOSOCIAL AND INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES This report strives to bring together strands of scientifc research from various felds, in order to shed some light on people with intellectual and psychosocial disabilities and the challenges they face in their interaction with the police and judicial authorities during criminal proceedings. The report was developed within the framework of the project Ofenders with Psychosocial and Intellectual Disabilities: Identifcation, Assessment of Needs and Equal Treatment (OPSIDIANET), funded by the European Union’s Justice Programme (2014-2020). Author: Delyana Doseva, Attorney at law Reviewers: Panagiota Fitsiou, Psychologist-Psychotherapist, Society of Social Psychiatry and Mental Health, Mental Health Institute for Children and Adults, Greece Ioannis Doumos, Psychologist-Psychotherapist, Aiginiteio Hospital, Kallithea Adult Mental Health Institute, Greece Inspector Desislava Viktorova, Homicide Unit, National Police General Directorate, Ph.D. candidate, Academy of the Ministry of the Interior, Bulgaria The information on Belgium, Bulgaria, Greece and Italy is based on the following national reports: Giovannini, N. and Zingoni, M. (2019), Procedural Rights of Suspects and Accused with Psychosocial and Intellectual Disabilities in Belgium, Brussels, Droit au Droit Ilcheva, M. (2019), Procedural Rights of Suspects and Accused with Psychosocial and Intellectual Disabilities in Bulgaria, Sofa, Center for the Study of Democracy Centre for European Constitutional Law (2019), Procedural Rights of Suspects and Accused with Psychosocial and Intellectual Disabilities in Greece, Athens, Centre for European Constitutional Law Simoncelli, L., Stefani, G. and Pieri, G. (2019), Procedural Rights of Suspects and Accused with Psychosocial and Intellectual Disabilities in Italy, Rimini, The Pope John XXIII Community Association This report was funded by the European Union’s Justice Programme (2014-2020). -
Judicial Councils Play an Essential Role in Guaranteeing the Independence and the Autonomy of the Judiciary
United Nations A/HRC/38/38 General Assembly Distr.: General 2 May 2018 Original: English Human Rights Council Thirty-eighth session 18 June–6 July 2018 Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Report of the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers Note by the Secretariat The Secretariat has the honour to transmit to the Human Rights Council the report of the Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers, prepared pursuant to Council resolutions 35/11 and 26/7. Judicial councils play an essential role in guaranteeing the independence and the autonomy of the judiciary. The underlying rationale for their creation is the need to insulate the judiciary and judicial career processes from external political pressure. In addition to their primary function of safeguarding judicial independence, a growing number of judicial councils have been entrusted with far-reaching powers in the area of promoting the efficiency and quality of justice, and of rationalizing the administration of justice, court management and budgeting. In the report, the Special Rapporteur shows that there is no one-size-fits-all model of judicial council. Each judicial governing body originates from a legal system with distinct historical, cultural and social roots; the specific role of each body varies from one country to the other. The Special Rapporteur shows that the number of judicial councils has increased greatly in recent decades, and estimates that, to date, over 70 per cent of the countries in the world have some form of judicial council. -
Report of the Special Committee on Territories Under Portuguese Administration
Report of the Special Committee on Territories under Portuguese Administration http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.bmun001 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Report of the Special Committee on Territories under Portuguese Administration Alternative title A/5160 and Add. 1 and 2 Author/Creator United Nations General Assembly; Special Committee on Territories under Portuguese Administration Publisher United Nations Date 1962-00-00 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) Portugal, Lusophone Africa -
Submission to House of Lords Committee on Uk’S Opt-Out and Opt-Ins Re Eu Provisions on Criminal Justice and Policing
SUBMISSION TO HOUSE OF LORDS COMMITTEE ON UK’S OPT-OUT AND OPT-INS RE EU PROVISIONS ON CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND POLICING SERIOUS RISKS © 2013 BY TORQUIL DICK-ERIKSON, M.A. (Oxon) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION - Commissioner Reding says it would be “crazy” for the UK to exercise the faculty granted by the Treaty to opt out of the 135 Justice and Home Affairs measures. If that is their attitude, what will they say to Cameron’s demand to repatriate powers where the Treaties offer no such option? BACKGROUND 1. The importance of JHA. Justice and Home Affairs comprise the power to use the coercive power of the police, and put people in prison. It is therefore a crucial area of government – the key to control of the State. 2. The deep differences between the JHA systems used in the UK and those of our EU partners. Our systems of justice and theirs took separate paths 800 years ago (Magna Carta for us, the Inquisition for them). To this day Habeas Corpus and Trial by Independent Jury, to name two particular British safeguards, are enjoyed nowhere in continental Europe. Their criminal laws are administered entirely by a professional career judiciary, an unaccountable body with vast and fearsome powers, unknown to us. 3. The somewhat volatile political history of our EU partners. The UK has been a stable democracy for over 350 years. Many if not most of our continental partners have known tyranny and violent upheaval within living memory. Is it wise to bind our destiny indissolubly to theirs, in a union where we are a minority? Or better for the UK to keep a free hand? THE EU PROCESS OF JUDICIAL INTEGRATION 4. -
KAS Law Study Library Vol 8 - English.Indd 1 10/31/2011 10:57:26 AM Office : Mbaruk Road, Hse, No
KONRAD ADENAUER STIFTUNG AFRICAN LAW STUDY LIBRARY Volume 8 Edited by Hartmut Hamann, Kalala Ilunga-Matthiesen & Adalbert Sango Mukalay Hartmut Hamann is a partner of the law firm CMS Hasche Sigle and focuses on complex international projects and arbitration proceedings. He is a lecturer on dispute resolution and international law at Freie Universität Berlin and Technische Universität Chemnitz and regularly works in Africa. Kalala Ilunga-Matthiesen is professor at the law faculty of the University of Lubumbashi, responsible for the Commission for Extension of Human Rights and Development (Commission de vulgarisation des droits de l’homme et du développement) in DRC; co-tutor for seminars on the status of laws in Sub-Saharan Africa, organized at the law faculty of the University of Lubumbashi in partnership with the KONRAD ADENAUER Foundation. Adalbert Sango Mukalay is professor of law at the University of Lubumbashi (DRC), whose research deals with the topic “Law and Society” with special interest in the relationship between the State and respect for human rights. For a number of years he has been contributing to the organization of seminars on the rule of law in Africa, sponsored by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation. Published By: Rule of Law Program for Sub-Saharan Africa ©November 2011 AFRICAN LAW STUDY LIBRARY Vol 8 A KAS Law Study Library Vol 8 - English.indd 1 10/31/2011 10:57:26 AM Office : Mbaruk Road, Hse, No. 27 P.O. Box 66471-00800 Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: 254 20 272 59 57, 261 0021, 261 0022 Fax: 254 20 261 0023 Email: [email protected] Head Office : Klingelhöferstr. -
Whelden, Schuyler
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles The Political Voice: Opinião and the Musical Counterpublic in Authoritarian Brazil A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Musicology by Schuyler Dunlap Whelden 2019 © Copyright by Schuyler Dunlap Whelden 2019 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The Political Voice: Opinião and the Musical Counterpublic in Authoritarian Brazil by Schuyler Dunlap Whelden Doctor of Philosophy in Musicology University of California, Los Angeles, 2019 Professor Tamara Judith-Marie Levitz, Co-Chair Professor Timothy D. Taylor, Co-Chair This dissertation investigates how music making shapes political participation during periods of democratic crisis and authoritarianism. It examines the musical theater production Opinião, which was staged nightly in Rio de Janeiro from December 1964 to April 1965 at the onset of the Brazilian military dictatorship. Rather than examining Opinião as the reflection of its director’s or authors’ politics, I take an intersectional approach that focuses on the performers and audience members, who came from different gender, racial, geographic, and class backgrounds. Through an analysis of the show’s performances, I demonstrate how people from diverse populations enacted political protest. I put their diverse strategies for intervening in the Rio de Janeiro public sphere into dialogue with one another to demonstrate how authoritarian regimes impact different ii sectors of society. My inquiry combines both ethnographic and archival research methods. I draw on hundreds of archival documents and recordings—including newspaper and magazine clippings, theater programs, advertisements, and other ephemera—to reconstruct details of the show and investigate in depth the discourse that the show engendered. -
European Union Committee
EUROPEAN UNION COMMITTEE JUSTICE, INSTITUITIONS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION SUB-COMMITTEE HOME AFFAIRS, HEALTH AND EDUCATION SUB- COMMITTEE UK’s 2014 Opt-Out Decision (‘Protocol 36’): Follow-up Written Evidence Contents Better Off Out—Written evidence ........................................................................................................ 2 Lord Carlile of Berriew CBE QC—Written evidence ....................................................................... 7 Torquil Dick-Erikson—Written evidence .......................................................................................... 12 Europol—Written evidence .................................................................................................................. 39 Fair Trials International—Written evidence ...................................................................................... 44 Justice Across Borders—Written evidence ....................................................................................... 46 Law Societies of England and Wales and of Scotland—Written evidence ................................. 54 Helen Malcolm QC—Written evidence ............................................................................................. 65 Claude Moraes MEP—Written evidence ........................................................................................... 67 Frank Mulholland QC, Lord Advocate—Written evidence ........................................................... 71 Northern Ireland Executive—Written evidence ............................................................................. -
Agreement Between the United States of America and the European Community on Trade in Wine
AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY ON TRADE IN WINE USA/CE/en 1 The UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, hereafter "the United States", and • The EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, hereafter "the Community", hereafter referred to jointly as "the Parties", RECOGNIZING that the Parties desire to establish closer links in the wine sector, DETERMINED to foster the development of trade in wine within the framework of increased mutual understanding, RESOLVED to provide a harmonious environment for addressing wine trade issues between the Parties, HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS: USA/CE/en 2 • TITLE I INITIAL PROVISIONS ARTICLE 1 Objectives The objectives of this Agreement are: (a) to facilitate trade in wine between the Parties and to improve cooperation in the development and enhance the transparency of regulations affecting such trade; (b) to lay the foundation, as the first phase, for broad agreement on trade in wine between the Parties; and (c) to provide a framework for continued negotiations in the wine sector. USA/CE/en 3 ARTICLE 2 • Definitions For the purposes of this Agreement: (a) "wine-making practice" means a process, treatment, technique or material used to produce wine; (b) "COLA" means a Certificate of Label Approval or a Certificate of Exemption from Label Approval that results from an approved Application for and Certification/Exemption of Label/Bottle Approval, as required under U.S. federal laws and regulations and issued by the U.S. Government that includes a set of all labels approved to be firmly affixed to a bottle of wine; (c) "originating" when used in conjunction with the name of one of the Parties in respect of wine imported into the territory of the other Party means the wine has been produced in accordance with either Party's laws, regulations and requirements from grapes wholly obtained in the territory of the Party concerned; (d) "WTO Agreement" means the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organization, done on 15 April 1994. -
Revista Jurídica the ADVANCES of the BRAZILIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM and the USE OF
Revista Jurídica vol. 04, n°. 57, Curitiba, 2019. pp. 249 - 283 _________________________________________ THE ADVANCES OF THE BRAZILIAN JUDICIAL SYSTEM AND THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: OPPOSITE OR PARALLEL WAYS TOWARDS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF JUSTICE? OS AVANÇOS DO SISTEMA JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO E O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS: CAMINHOS OPOSTOS OU PARALELOS RUMO À EFETIVAÇÃO DA JUSTIÇA? VALTER MOURA DO CARMO Professor of the Law Graduate Program at the University of Marília (UNIMAR), where he has also completed a Postdoctoral Fellowship sponsored by the Brazilian National Postdoctoral Program/Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (PNPD/CAPES). He holds a Doctorate in Law from the Federal University of Santa Catarina State (UFSC), which includes research stays at the University of Zaragoza (Spain) with a scholarship from the Brazilian Sandwich Doctorate Program Abroad (PDSE/CAPES); and at the Federal University of Paraíba State (UFPB) with a scholarship from the Brazilian Academic Cooperative Project (PROCAD/CAPES). He also has a Master's degree in Constitutional Law from the University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), including a research stay at the UFSC. He is the Director of Institutional Relations of the Brazilian National Council for Research and Post-Graduation in Law (CONPEDI) and Member of the Identification and Description Study Committee of the Brazilian National Standards Organization (ABNT).. ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000- 0002-4871-0154. Email: [email protected] JEFFERSON PATRIK GERMINARI Master student in Law at the University of Marília (UNIMAR). Clerk of the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-5651. Email: [email protected]. -
ICC Judicial Nomination – Model Curriculum Vitae
ICC Judicial Nomination – Model curriculum vitae FAMILY NAME: AITALA FIRST NAME: Rosario Salvatore MIDDLE NAME: GENDER: Male DATE OF BIRTH: 24 September 1967 NATIONALITY: Italian REGIONAL WEOG CRITERIA: SECONDARY /// NATIONALITY: (IF APPLICABLE) MARITAL STATUS: Married LIST A/LIST B List A LANGUAGES Mother tongue: Italian - ENGLISH (written) Advanced (oral) Advanced - FRENCH (written) Basic (oral) Basic - OTHERS Spanish : (written) Advanced (oral) Advanced Albanian : (written) Intermediate (oral) Intermediate : (written) Please select >> (oral) Please select >> : (written) Please select >> (oral) Please select >> EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS: Date, institution, qualification(s) obtained (starting with most recent) - Please copy/paste if more entries are needed - 09/2004 - Institution: Abo Academy University. Institute for Human Rights. Turku, Finland - Qualification(s) obtained: Specialisation in Civilian management of post-crisis countries - Rule of law (Course held in cooperation with the European Commission) - 02/2004 - Institution: European University Institute. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, Firenze, Italy - Qualification(s) obtained: Diploma in International Criminal Law (substantive international criminal law, procedural international criminal law and international criminal jurisdictions). Director of the Course: prof. Antonio Cassese) - 2000/2002 - Institution: University of Rome Tor Vergata - Department of Law - Qualification(s) obtained: Post-graduate Degree in the International Protection and Promotion of Human Date -
Study on Judges' Trainingneeds
Study on judges’ training needs in the field of European competition law Final report Competition EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Competition E-mail: [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels Study on judges’ training needs in the field of European competition law Final report by ERA – Academy of European Law EJTN – European Judicial Training Network Ecorys January 2016 [Catalogue number] Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE The information and views set out in this study are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016 Catalogue number: KD-04-16-407-EN-N ISBN 978-92-79-58508-1 doi: 10.2763/4743 © European Union, 2016 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Trier/Brussels, 2016 Authors: John Coughlan Wolfgang Heusel Erika Szyszczak Valentina Patrini Andreas Pauer Final report Table of Contents List of annexes ............................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgements ........................................................................................ 2 1. Executive Summary .................................................................................... 3 1.1.