DOCSLIB.ORG

In the Footsteps of Popes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
In the Footsteps of Popes In the Footsteps of Popes A SPIRITED GUIDE TO THE TREASURES OF THE VATICAN ENRICO BRUSCHINI This book is dedicated to all the friends with whom I have visited the Vatican. It is the response to the many interesting questions that were posed spontaneously as we admired the masterpieces of Michelangelo, Raphael, and Bernini. Through conversation with these many friends this book was born, and so with gratitude I consider them all coauthors. Contents Foreword iv Genesis of the Vatican 1 The Vatican Museums 7 St. Peter's Basilica 197 Index 251 Acknowledgments About the Author Cover Copyright About the Publisher FOREWORD BY COKIE ROBERTS f you were walking through the Vatican with Enrico Bruschini I he'd stop at some random, seemingly insignificant, spot along a hallway. ªAllora,º he'd begin, and proceed to tell you a spellbinding story about your surroundingsÐthe walls, the floor, the ceiling, the windows even. You'd watch his eyes twinkle with enjoyment, his smile spread under his maestro mustache as he regaled you with the adventures, or misadventures, of the artists we think of only, and simplistically, as ªgreat.º This book provides you with a written version of those delightful discourses. Immediately on meeting this distinguished art histori- anÐBruschini has written several books on Roman art, excavated ancient Roman sites, and directed the restoration of antique fres- coesÐhe becomes just Enrico, your friend. Meeting him through the pages of this book, you might not be able to hear Enrico's enthu- siasm when greeting a colleague; or admire his patience as he an- swers the question of a stranger who's horned in on his tour; but you will be able to read and refer back to the wealth of information that even the eager ear might not remember. The book takes you step by step through the buildings and courtyards of the Vatican. When Enrico asks you to trust his many years of experience as a guide, ªcombined with a great personal passion for art, to select the works of major interest,º be grateful. He is giving you good advice on what to skip as well as what to see. And he tells you how to make the most of your visit. For instance, while viewing the three altarpieces of Raphael, Enrico recommends that, ªafter admiring them from the best standing vantage point, you sit on the comfortable antique chairs facing them to admire these works as a group. It is something unforgettable!º It's not just as an artistic student and critic that Enrico leads you through the Vatican, it's also as an historian who can tell you the sometimes juicy stories of the people depicted in the sculptures and paintings. The Roman work of the Venus Felix, for example, shows the goddess of love preparing for her bath with her son, Cupid. Venus' face, in the eye of the keen observer Enrico Bruschini, re- sembles closely portraits of Second Century Roman Faustina Minor, wife of the emperor Marcus Aurelius. According to our guide, she was ªwell known in Rome for her dissolute ways and for her sub- sequent scandals which the emperor desperately tried to cover up. If the statue really represents Faustina, she is properly represented with the body of Venus, the goddess of love!º Good stuff! Since Enrico talks about Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo, and Caravaggio in such familiar terms, it's hard to believe he didn't know them personally; but he also appreciates modern works. He passionately describes the Sphere within a Sphere sculpture placed in the Courtyard of the Pine Cone in 1990, concluding, ªA work of art is a true work of art only if it moves your soul.º And remarkably, Enrico Bruschini finds himself moved by the masterpieces of the Vatican even after what must be the millionth time he's seen them. In introducing the Sistine Chapel, Enrico says simply, ªNo descrip- tion can equal the powerful impact of seeing Michelangelo's frescoes in person.º Its impact gets him every time, causing him to tear up with emotion as he beholds them once again. Lucky for you, that passion comes through in this book vi / Enrico Bruschini along with the useful and interesting information. In my tours through Rome with Enrico, I've learned from his breadth of know- ledge, his intellect, and his fine artistic eye. I have great admiration for him as a teacher. But it's his love for these works that makes them come alive. Partly because of that contagious sense of joy, I also have great affection for Enrico Bruschini as a friend. In the Footsteps of Popes / vii GENESIS OF THE VATICAN he story of the Vatican started in Rome about two thousand T years ago, during the cruel reign of the Emperor Nero. In the year A.D. 64 a terrible fire devastated the city. The Romans were quick to accuse their emperor of having deliberately set the fire in order to acquire more land to build his new, immense palace, the Domus Aurea (Golden House). Today we know that this accus- ation was almost certainly untrue. Rome was already renowned for its splendid edifices in marble thanks in great part to Emperor Augustus, although the poorest part of the city, the suburra (slums), was comprised mainly of wooden abodes. It was therefore common for a spark, especially during the preparation of meals, to set afire any nearby furnishings, often en- gulfing entire structures. The narrowness of the roads, as well as the closeness of the houses to one another, most likely contributed to the rapid spread of ªNero's Fire.º Nero, however, could not afford the harsh criticism of the popu- lace, because his extravagances had already greatly irritated the Romans. Another mistake would have made his survival even more precarious. As a result, the emperor was quick to find a scapegoat for the fire: the Christians! With this accusation, he initi- ated one of the most absurd and cruel persecutions in history. During the same period the Apostles Peter and Paul were both in Rome. Saul, or Paul as he was subsequently called after the Latin word paulus or ªsmall,º was born at Tarsus in Anatolia, today's Turkey, between 15 B.C. and 5 B.C. His father, who had acquired Roman cit- izenship, was able to pass it on to his son. Paul, at the beginning, did not share the beliefs of the early Christians. He was a witness in Jerusalem at the stoning of Saint Stephen (called the ªprotomartyrº because he was the first martyr in the name of Jesus). As written in the Acts of the Apostles (9:3±19), Paul was on his way to Damascus to participate in the persecution of the local Christian community when a supernatural force flung him from his horse and Jesus appeared, addressing him with the famous words: ªSaul, Saul, why do you persecute me?º Struck by divine grace, Paul embraced the Christian faith and dedicated himself to the conversion of pagans, traveling to Cyprus, Asia Minor, and Greece. On his return to Jerusalem he was arrested and brought to Caesarea, in Palestine, to face Felix, the Roman prosecutor. He was imprisoned for two years, until he appealed to the Roman emperor with the famous phrase: ªCivis Romanus sumº (I am a Roman cit- izen) and thus was released. In the year A.D. 60 he arrived in Rome, where he was kept under the surveillance of Roman authorities. According to tradition, Paul made a trip to Spain as well as a trip to the Orient, and in the year A.D. 66 was again arrested and, most likely in the year A.D. 67, was condemned to death. As a Roman citizen, however, he did not undergo the disgraceful penalty of crucifixion and was, instead, sentenced to be decapitated. His body was placed in a sepulcher on the Via Ostiense, south of Rome. In the fourth century A.D., the emperor Constantine built a 2 / Enrico Bruschini basilica over his tomb. Part of this magnificent church still exists today, and is called Saint Paul Outside the Walls. Simon, as we know, was born in Galilee. The symbolic nickname of Kephas (ªrockº in Hebrew), or petrus in Latin, was given to him directly by Jesus with the noted words: ªYou are `Peter' and on this Rock I will build my Church.º He lived in Capernaum and was a fisherman, as was his brother Andrew. Christ chose both of them as apostles. After Jesus' death, Peter was arrested and according to tradition, an angel sent by God set him free. Peter left Jerusalem and journeyed to Antioch. He then went to Rome, where he stayed for about twenty-five years and became the first pope of the Christians. When the first accusations were made by Nero against the Roman Christians, the community prevailed on Peter to leave the city to save himself. According to tradition we know that just outside the city Peter encountered Christ. In astonishment, he asked, ªQuo Vadis, Domine?ºÐªWhere are you going, O Lord?º and Jesus replied, ªI am going to Rome to be crucified again.º At this point, the old apostle understood that his duty was to give evidence of his faith by returning to Rome, and thus not escape his destiny. On the Via Appia Antica it is still possible to visit the small church of the ªQuo Vadisº which recalls the place of the encounter. Nero's anger immediately fell upon the leader of the Christians.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Mercury: the Image of the Planet in the 210°Ð285° W Longitude Range Obtained by the Short-Exposure Method L
    Solar System Research, Vol. 37, No. 6, 2003, pp. 469–479. Translated from Astronomicheskii Vestnik, Vol. 37, No. 6, 2003, pp. 514–525. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2003 by Ksanfomality. Mercury: The Image of the Planet in the 210¡–285¡ W Longitude Range Obtained by the Short-Exposure Method L. V. Ksanfomality Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 84/32, Moscow, 117810 Russia Received April 29, 2003 Abstract—For the purpose of obtaining images of the unknown portion of Mercury, we continued the previ- ously started series of observations of this planet by the short exposure method. Several thousand electronic images of Mercury have been acquired on 1–2 May 2002 under good meteorological conditions at the high- altitude Skinakas Astrophysical Observatory of Iraklion University (Crete, Greece, 35¡13′ E, 24¡54′ N) during the evening elongation. The phase angle of Mercury was 95¡Ð99¡ and the observed range of longitudes was 210¡Ð285¡ W. Observations were carried out using Ritchy–Chrétien telescope (D = 1.29 m, F = 9.857 m) with the KS 19 filter cutting wavelengths shorter than about 700 nm. The planet’s disk was seen, on average, at an angle of 7.75″ arcsec. The image scale was equal to 47.8 µm/arcsec. We used a CCD with a pixel size of 7.4 × 7.4 µm in the regime of short exposures. By processing a great number of electronic images, we succeeded in obtaining a sufficiently distinct synthesized image of the unknown portion of Mercury’s surface. The most prominent formation in this region is a giant basin (or cratered “mare”) centered at about 8¡ N, 280¡ W, which was given a working name “Skinakas basin” (after the name of the observatory where observations were made).
    [Show full text]
  • Full Issue University of New Mexico Press
    New Mexico Quarterly Volume 22 | Issue 4 Article 1 1952 Full Issue University of New Mexico Press Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmq Recommended Citation University of New Mexico Press. "Full Issue." New Mexico Quarterly 22, 4 (1952). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmq/vol22/iss4/ 1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the University of New Mexico Press at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Quarterly by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. l-- ~ ----,,----,----,--.--~~--~-~-~~,----~-~-,'----- - : Full Issue Art Feature NANNI DI BANCO Paolo Vaccarlno Nanni and Donatell'" a Comparison John Malcolm Brinnin I. Spy (.tory) Richard Ellmann Lawrence and His Demon Edwin Honia The Gap (.tory) Books and Comment, NMQ Poetry Selections POET SIGNATURE, XV. FRENCH.COLONIAL POETRY $3 a year 1S cents WINTER 1952 Published by UNM Digital Repository, 1952 1 New Mexico Quarterly, Vol. 22 [1952], Iss. 4, Art. 1 New Mexico Quarterly Volume XXII, \Vinter, 1951, Number 4 PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO ISSUED quanerlyin Spring, Summer, Au­ EDITOIl tumn and \Vinter, and printed at the KENNETH LASH University of New Mexico Printing Plant. POETIlY EDITOIl Entered as second-class matter- February 6, JOHN DILLON HUSBAND 1931, at the post office at Albuquerque, New Mexico, under the aa of March g, 1879. MANAGING EDITOIl ADA RUTLEDGE MYERS Opinions expressed or implied by contribu­ tors do not necessarily reHect the views of ADVISORY COMMITTEE the editors or of the University of New GEORGE ARMS Mexico.
    [Show full text]
  • Criterion Referenced Assessment Bank. Grade 6 Skill Clusters
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 192 771 iR 008 850 TITLE- Cri erion Referenced Assessment Bank.Grade 6 Skill Clusters, Objectives, and_illustrations. IRS7ITUTION1_ Montg ery County Public Schools, Rockville,Md. PUB_ DATE 80 MOTE 96p.: Scm illustrations will not reproduce.For related d c ents, see IR 008 850-553. EDRS PRICE 1LE01/PC04 Plu= Postage. ;ISCRIPTORS Atlases: *Grit - on Referenced Tests; Dictionaries; Elementary Educ on: Encyclopedias; *Grade 6; indexes: Library talogs; *Library Instruction: *Library Materials*Library Skills ABSTRACT (Part of a series of competency-based test materials for grades six trough ten, thisset of nine test booklets for sixth craders contains multiple-choice questionsdesigned to aid in the evaluation of the pupils' library skills.Accompanied by a separate, tenth booklet of illustrations whichare to be used in conjunction with the questions, t:ca nine test itemscover the following skill clusters:(1) location of library resources,(2) Understanding about library materials,(3) using the card catalog,(4) general reference skills, (5) using dictionaries, (6) using encyclopedias,(7) using almanacs,(8) using atlases, and (9) usi_w_newspaper,magazine, and periodical_indexc.s. Objectives forall-estersare identified in the first booklet, Location of Resources--(FM) - ******** ** ******** ** ****** ************ *** ***** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best thatcan be made from the original document. * ******************************** ************* ****** ******** U s DEFAIRTmENT OF meALTri EOUCATiON L WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDIJ/:ATION THIS DOCUMENT WAS BEEN REPRO- DUCE' EXACTLY AS RECEiVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORDANIZATIOtc ORDIN- ATIND IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NIT NECESSARILY REPRE- SENT OFF1cIAL NAT-ONAL iNsTi EDUCATION POSITION OP POLA=1:Y e ment an SKILI7. CLUSTER: Location of Resources Department of Instructional Resources MONTGOMERY COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS Rockville, Isbryland - FERMIS IAN TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY D DIRECTIONS TO STUDENTS 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A Tour Through France and Italy 1739 to 1741 By
    NOTES ON A TOUR THROUGH FRANCE AND ITALY UNDERTAKEN IN THE YEARS 1739 TO 1741 BY THOMAS GRAY transcribed and edited by W.G.Roberts Northern Academic Press Penrith 2011 Cover Picture: The Tribuna of the Uffizi, by Zoffany, The Royal Collection © 2003, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II Introduction and supporting notes © with W.G.Roberts, 2011 Originally printed in Carlisle 2003 Revised for the internet in 2011 2 Stages of the Tour Introduction. 6 1. Rheims [June-September 1739]. 9 Cathedral of Notre Dame Ch. of S. Remi Ch. of S. Nicaise Ch. of Pierre aux Dames Triumphal Arch 2. Rheims to Dijon [September 1739]. 11 Chalons: Cathedral & Ch. of Notre Dame Dijon: Palais des Etats, Palais du Roi, Abbey of S. Benigne Lyons: Hotel de Ville, Eglise des Carmelites 3. Lyons [September 1739] to Geneva [October 1739]. 15 The Grande Chartreuse 4. Turin [November 1739]. 17 Pal. Reale Pal. Ducale 5. Genoa [November 1739]. 22 Il Gesu Duomo/ Ch. of S. Lorenzo Ch. of Ste Maria in Carignano Ch. of the Annonciata Ch. of S. Francesco Pal. Durazzo Pal. Balbi Pal. Brignole 6. Parma [November 1739]. 30 Duomo Ch. of S. Giovanni de Monte Ch. of S. Antonio Abbate Ch. of Madonna della Steccata Teatro Farnese Villa Ducale 7. Modena [November 1739]. 35 Pal. Ducale 8. Bologna [December 1739]. 40 3 Pal Ranuzzi Pal. Sampieri Pal. Zambeccari Ch. dei Mendicanti Ch. of S. Domenico Monache di Sta Agnese Pal. Magnani Ch. of Corpus Domini Pal. Publico Ch. of S. Giorgio Ch. of S. Gregorio Pal.Tanari Pal. Andravandi Ch.
    [Show full text]
  • Olga Rudge & Ezra Pound: "What Thou Lovest Well..."
    Olga Rudge and Ezra Pound Anne Conover Olga Rudge and Ezra Pound ‘‘What Thou Lovest Well . .’’ Yale University Press New Haven & London Excerpt from Shakespeare and Company, ∫ 1959 by Sylvia Beach and renewed 1987 by Frederic Beach Dennis, reprinted by permission of Harcourt, Inc. Excerpts from A Serious Character: The Life of Ezra Pound by Humphrey Carpenter, ∫ 1988 by Humphrey Carpenter, reprinted by permission of Houghton Mi∆in Company. Excerpts from Discretions by Mary de Rachewiltz, ∫ 1971, reprinted by permission of Little, Brown and Company. Copyright ∫ 2001 by Anne Conover Carson. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers. Designed by Rebecca Gibb. Set in Fournier type by Keystone Typesetting, Inc., Orwigsburg, Pennsylvania. Printed in the United States of America by R. R. Donnelley & Sons, Harrisonburg, Virginia. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Carson, Anne Conover, 1937– Olga Rudge and Ezra Pound : ‘‘What thou lovest well— ’’ / Anne Conover. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. isbn 0-300-08703-9 (alk. paper) 1. Rudge, Olga, 1895–1996. 2. Violinists—Biography. 3. Pound, Ezra, 1885–1972. I. Title. ml418.r83 c37 2001 811%.52–dc21 2001001527 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Arelis Erotonomikon
    ARELIS EROTONOMIKON THE MEMORIES OF A DECADENT LIFE 2 SUMMARY OF EROTONOMIKON [THE MEMORIES OF A DECADENT LIFE] [ENGLISH VERSION] Damien Adaleux, the son of the French Prime Minister, exchanges letters with the offsprings of wealthy and aristocratic families of France but also with his mistress Lucy Sanguine, where he describes his sexual exploits, individual and in groups with men and women and also his political and religious views and thoughts on the matters always according to his own cosmic theory. Artistic by nature, a devotee of beauty and of the two sexes, leaves France to study Fine Arts in New York where he was born when his father served his country as a diplomat in the United Nations Organization. The hero discovers that his real father is an American painter and traces his true brother. In a moment of frenzy he kills him and continues to indulge into any kind of sexual and psychological games even against his mistress whom he suddenly abandons. Lucy has an accident and the hero is forced to temporarily reconsider his decision, until her friend Guillaume, who is a history student, invades as a third person in the relationship. Damien feels jealous and annoyed by Guillaume’s presence and thus fatal conditions are created from the games of power of these three young people who are in love, with an unexpected ending that will mark everyone’s life. 3 LETTER 1 Damien Adaleux to Cesare Nerval 10-7-1997, Paris Dear Cesare, When the hour and the minute hand pointed vertically to the South of Big Ben, Lucy-Aurora rose with her float from the open book-which we riffled during our battle to see who is going to raise the palm- like an offended donkey who was vibrating harshly on her backside by her imaginary master.
    [Show full text]
  • Volumes 11–70 (1907–1966) Indexes
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY VOLUMES 11-70 1907-1966 INDEX THE JOURNALOF THE ARCHAEOLOGICALINSTITUTE OF AMERICA Printed for the Archaeological Institute of America by Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 1967 Foreword In preparing the Index of Volumes 11-70, 1907 consideration, have not been included, desirable 1966, the only practicable solution appeared to be as that might have been. The Supplement, section a form that would enable users to locate all articles, VII, lists the few archaeological articles printed in notes, news items and papers first under the au the Bulletin of the Archaeological Institute 1910 thor's name, and second in an index of titles. In 1912. so doing it is obvious that many titles, if arranged The major part of the work of preparing the In alphabetically under the first word (always omit dex was done by Marian Holland McAllister, who or ting The A[n]), would be unserviceable, and compiled all the entries, volume by volume, and cases in a great many more the key word might be Nancy Baldwin Smith, who edited and arranged some a found way along in the title. It was decided the hundreds of slips into form that could be to therefore to rearrange the titles so as to bring the given the printer. are key words to the front. Even so, a further arrange Certain guide lines for the use of the Index over ment seemed desirable, namely insofar as possible in order, and are given below. It would be or to group titles under place or subject matter. The optimistic to hope that no errors will be found author's name so craves always accompanies these entries, omissions noted, and for these the editor that it is a simple matter to refer to the title in a modicum of indulgence.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Impact Crater Modification
    Astronomers’ Observing Guides Other Titles in This Series Star Clusters and How to Observe Them Mark Allison Saturn and How to Observe It Julius Benton Nebulae and How to Observe Them Steven Coe The Moon and How to Observe It Peter Grego Supernovae and How to Observe Them Martin Mobberley Total Solar Eclipses and How to Observe Them Martin Mobberley Double & Multiple Stars and How to Observe Them James Mullaney The Herschel Objects, and How to Observe Them James Mullaney Galaxies and How to Observe Them Wolfgang Steinicke & Richard Jakiel Peter Grego Venus and Mercury, and How to Observe Them ISBN: 978-0-387-74285-4 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-74286-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2007937298 © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com Dedication For Jacy, my daughter Acknowledgements Thanks to Mike Inglis for having asked me to write this book, and for his help and advice as the project got underway.
    [Show full text]
  • Thedatabook.Pdf
    THE DATA BOOK OF ASTRONOMY Also available from Institute of Physics Publishing The Wandering Astronomer Patrick Moore The Photographic Atlas of the Stars H. J. P. Arnold, Paul Doherty and Patrick Moore THE DATA BOOK OF ASTRONOMY P ATRICK M OORE I NSTITUTE O F P HYSICS P UBLISHING B RISTOL A ND P HILADELPHIA c IOP Publishing Ltd 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its agreement with the Committee of Vice-Chancellors and Principals. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0 7503 0620 3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data are available Publisher: Nicki Dennis Production Editor: Simon Laurenson Production Control: Sarah Plenty Cover Design: Kevin Lowry Marketing Executive: Colin Fenton Published by Institute of Physics Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of Physics, London Institute of Physics Publishing, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1 6BE, UK US Office: Institute of Physics Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite 1035, 150 South Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA Printed in the UK by Bookcraft, Midsomer Norton, Somerset CONTENTS FOREWORD vii 1 THE SOLAR SYSTEM 1
    [Show full text]
  • 0 Lunar and Planetary Institute Provided by the NASA Astrophysics Data System a COLOR-RATIO MAP of MERCURY
    A COLOR-RATIO MAP OF MERCURY, B. Hapke, C. Christman and B. Rava, Dept. of Geology and Planetary Sci., U. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, and J. Mosher, Jet Propulsion Lab., Pasadena, CA 91103. A color-ratio map of the portion of Mercury viewed by Mariner 10 was con- structed from images taken through the orange and W filters (effective wave- lengths 578 and 355 nm, respectively). Images taken on the first flyby were photometrically decalibrated, geometrically corrected and registered. Pixel- by-pixel OR/W ratios were formed and used to construct images in which the brightnesses are proportional to the ratios. Thus, in these images the brightness is proportional to the ratio of the spectral reflectances of the planet at the two wavelengths, with relatively redder areas brighter than relatively bluer areas. The images thus formed were badly contaminated with spots of spurious color caused by blemishes on the vidicon faces. In order to avoid this problem a map was constructed from the images using at least two independent color-ratio images for each region. Approximately seven ratio levels could be resolved; regions corresponding to these levels were hand-colored. Red and orange corresponds to the highest ratios and indigo and black to the lowest ratio. The spectral ratio for the red-colored units is about 25% higher than the ratio for the black-colored units. The map will be published in the Proceedings of the Conference. Just as albedo contrasts on Mercury are smaller than on the moon (I), color differences are less pronounced also, implying more chemical homogeneity, at least as far as those elements which affect color, particularly iron, are concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Index to Volumes 1-10. 1897-1906
    archaeological institute of ametica american Journal of Archaeology SeconD Setie* The Journal of the Archaeological Institute of America INDEX TO VOLUMES I-X 1897-1906 THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON :MACMILLAN & CO., Ltd. ZU ?or? Qgatttmon (preee BALTIMORE,MD., U. S. A. PREFATORY NOTE This Index has been prepared by Miss Lucy Allen Paton, under the direction of the Editors. The general plan, arrangement, and scope were determined by the Editors, so that Miss Paton's respon sibility is limited to details of arrangement and accuracy of execu tion. The unusual size of the Index is due to the great number of items contained in the "News" and "Discussions," for which a full index seemed especially desirable. Italic numerals refer to the volumes and pages of the Annual Supplement. Harold N. Fowler. Cleveland, Ohio, November ist, 1908. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I. INDEX OF AUTHORS. 7 A. Articles . 7 B. News an? Discussions. 17 II. INDEX OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 99 A. Plates . 99 B. Figures in Text. 102 III. BIBLIOGRAPHY . 112 IV. ABBREVIATIONS . 112 V. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 113 A. Articles . 113 B. News and Discussions. 128 i. General Contents . 128 News: Notes on Recent Excavations and Discoveries 128 Discussions: Summaries of Articles in Periodicals, etc. 129 2. Summaries . 131 VI. INDEX OF INSCRIPTIONS. 274 A. Greek . 274 1. Sites . 274 2. Proper Names and Discussed Words. 274 3. Sources for Inscriptions Quoted or Discussed. 280 B. Latin . 281 1. Sites . 281 2. Proper Names and Discussed Words. 281 3. Sources for Inscriptions Quoted or Discussed. 283 VII. INDEX OF SOURCES DISCUSSED.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents. History of the Gypsum Industry
    GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF MICHIGAN GYPSUM IN THE UNITED STATES. ....................................15 ALFRED C. LANE, STATE GEOLOGIST § 12. General Remarks. .......................................15 13. New York. .......................................................15 Fayetteville,................................................................15 Cayuga Plaster Co.....................................................16 VOL. IX Wheatland Land Plaster Co.. .....................................16 PART II Oakfield Gypsum Deposits.........................................16 14. Ohio. ...............................................................16 15. Pennsylvania. .................................................17 THE GYPSUM 16. Virginia............................................................17 OF 17. Iowa. ...............................................................17 18. Kansas............................................................18 MICHIGAN 19. Arkansas.........................................................18 AND THE PLASTER INDUSTRY 20. Oklahoma. ......................................................18 21. Texas..............................................................19 BY 22. Colorado. ........................................................19 G. P. GRIMSLEY 23. Wyoming.........................................................20 ACCOMPANIED BY TWENTY-NINE PLATES 24. Nevada. ..........................................................20 Lovelock Deposit........................................................21 25. California.
    [Show full text]