DOCSLIB.ORG

Census of India, 1931

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Census of India, 1931 CENSUS OF INDIA, 1931 NORrrll-WJ~R1_l ~H'RONTIE~H PROV1NOE ADMINISTRATION R}1~P()RT BY A. D. F. DUNDAS, I. C. S., Superintendent of Census Operations. 1'11InnrlliD I'T 'll'IU JoU.IU.l>lIl1o, GOVBB~IIH'! S 'ATfOV,lBr AlfD PBllf'fING. DO!1t DBful' UD I'OllV8 lI'I'Oll1l, 1I'0."rll WIISl' 1'11.( STIDB PBOVINI1B 1938 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I-Enumeration Subject Page Object .)f the .\.dm:nistration Report I npenbf, reClarks and Establishment ... I 1 3 The recurd of 1921 Census Permanent A·ivance I -+ 1 :; Draiting and translation of forms ;..nel in~tru('tions toO fJ Printing 7 Oatt: of the Cc nsus Draft Census Calendar and Progres~ Report 3 For.l1ation ot Census Divisions -+ g , -r 1'1 House numbering -1 I I The Preliminary Records ... 4 12 Inspedion ::If EnumeratIOn Rt'curci,. 13 l'se of hou,;ehuld schedules 4 q ';:pecial arranger:1ents 4- IS ~ on-Synchronous areaS 5 16 Pruvisional totals ... 5 17 Tiwir dCCUri!C'.\· 5 I,q Incustriul CerS'ls 6 6 H) .\+titude of tbt: public tow.lrJ" ( t"ISllS operations 6 2(. District C<'I1"U<; Expenditure CHAPTER II-Slip Copying 10 t lr;anisdtion Staff anJ accommodation 10 Material re4uired before the re,'eipt of the books :,0;11 ,ji£trict!~ 10 InstrJctions to staff 10 Ca~culation of reward" ar.d fines 11 I J Su pelvis!' l'1 \,illa,..:e LLhlec; II Sorting. ).!a~in6 up (If ~oxes I2 Sorting staff 12 Procedure in sorting 12 Lessons learned in the course UI sorting ... 12 Compilation and Ta.bulation Staff .. , :\jethod of Compilation, Tabulation and Chcck:ng Preparation of final t'lbles .,. ')pecial difficulty ('If certain tablet> Special statistical material for the Report CHAPTER III T:1e cust .)( tlie Census 16 Appendices -\ List of Census papers and riles preserved B Statement uf Census Estab:ishment t'rr'plvyed in connection with the Census, 193 I v C La.,tes or Tribes returned ... ... x ADMINISTRATION HEPORT ON THE OENSlTS OPERATIONS, N[RTH-WEST FHONTII~({ PRorINCE, 1931 CHAPTER I ENUMERATION I. This part of the Census Report is published main~y for the guirJancp Object of the Administration -of the Provincial SuperintenJent at the next census. Report. 2. Captain Mallam to(lk over charge of his duties as Superintendent, Census OpenIng Oper3.tion~, !\( rth-Vl~est fr?ntier Province, on the IS.t ~f April 1930, and iSSUt:d remarks and Establish­ his first CIrcular of mstructlons to all Deputy CommIssIOners on the 12th Apnl. ment. In d,e Jr.lddle of May owing to poEtical disturbances r.e was deputed as Assistant Commissioner, Charsadda, in addition to his duties. He remained there until 6th September and during tre period of depl;ltation could rardly find any time to devote to the Census work. He was agam dc:puted as SpecIal rv:agistrate at Dera Tsmail Khan from the 17th September to 9th November 1)31, and as Additional Di.strict Magistrate, Peshawar, in January 1932. On the 8th Apnl 1932, he was appointed to. Kabul. From the. 8th April to 27th July K. Sultan Muhan:rrad K}lan was III cha.rge of operatIOns. en th.e 28th Juiy Mr. A. [). F. Dundas, I. C. S , was appolI1ted to complete t he writing vf the report. In the beginning the office staff consisted of a Head Clerk deputed from the Revenue CO" miss:oner's OfficeJ one Jamadar and one Ordlfly. The Head Clerk was during tre first year paid at the rate dRs. lOS per' mensem which was raised in the following) ear to R s. 126 per mensem. One typist was employed on Rs. 50 per rrcnsem with effect from th.e IS! of June 1930 and was discharged on the 31st May 193 I. The above establishment was the only staff entertained for the Office of the Surerintendent during the whole operations. 3. Most of the fi;es awl papers relating to Accounts and Printing of the The record of Census Report, etc., preserved at tl:e 1921 Census were not found and the 1921 Census. Superintend\~nt in c"ns quen-::e suffererl considerable inconven~ence and un­ necessary 1ahotlr. In most of the districts the Censlls Regist('rs and Maps of 1921 had bt'cn preserved quite safsfactorily, but in the Peshawar District in spite of repeatcd requests from the Census office most of the valuable records had bcen destroyed. Owing to this tIle work of preparing Census Maps in each ~ub- Divis:on. the formation of Census Divisions etc I. took much longer than wou;d have been tl.e cafe had the records of the prevIous Census been avail­ able. 4- In the first instance a permanent advance of Rs. 75 was sanctioned by Permanent Advance. the Government ot India but in December 1930, this was enhanced to Rs 2(10 sub;cct to the con,.l:tion that the enhanced limit ,'"ould be reduced with the diminution of activities. 5. The first thing to be done in ~onnection with the Census was the draft­ Drafting and translation of ing of the Provincial Census Code on the lines specified in the Imperial Census forms and - C(Jde. It was prrferred to :ssue Part I of the Provincial Code complele instead instructions. of by Chapters and it naturally took a longer time than it would have taken if issued by Chapters. In order to carryon the work a Circular Letter was issued in the beginning of April dealing with all sorts of preliminary stages of the opera­ tions A complete Code in Eng~ish \yas issued in the end o(September r030 and copies in vernacu1ar were supplied to the officers concerned in the sc~oJ1d "Cl'k of November 1930. A separate Manual containing instructions for charge Superintendents, Supervisors and Enumerators in English and Urdu was also­ issued. In addition to these printed publications a Jarge number of impor~ant Circulflr::; were sent tQ all Deputy Commission'er-s', Polirica~ Agents, and' District Census. Q'tf!·ct!rs. The correspondence of the l':ol\th-West Frontier Province Census Office: being small in' the initial stages, the Head Clerk was.- employed as Translator in acdition to his cle.ticat worki. Most of th'e translations·- were read over to the Superintendent who insisted on the langu~ge used being, as simple a-s possible, the words heing those in common use. I A doubtful translation, it was found, can be tested 1>ettet by referring it to a few Patwaris than to linguistic experts. The only sugge:,tions) to he made- foo the improvement of tr.e forms are noted below ~- (a) All forms should be sE!1I1a]~-y nurnbetecf. (b) Miscellaneous forms -have hitherto beet! printed on papers of varying size, but the forn;s constituting the enurr,'eratioIi books are on paper' of prescribed quality and dimensions which has to be obtained specially for the Census under the Census Commissioner's orders). It will sa.ve a great deal of trouble if every miscellaneous form is also abridged or spaced out so as to occupy an exact fra-etion of a sheet of the papers presc~bed for- the Gegeral ScheduleS'. No,1({emands for vernacular forms in any langllage other than Urdu were received from any quarter. Println!,. 6. In 193 I the printing of all lithographed forms and instructions ,wets entrusted to the Lakshmi Art Steam Press, Peshawar City, whilst the Circula-rs, Itlstructions and Report in English w-ere printed oy the Manager, Government Printing & Stationery Office, ]': orth-W-est Frontier Province, Peshawar. Apart from any danges which may occur in the Province, the next Superintendent will probably be well advised to place his forms and Codes \Urdu) with the L.akshmi Art Steam Press, Peshawar, and all other work.in English- with the Government Press. 1he contract which should be made with the pr:vate press must include special rates for all forms according to size: and these rates should vary according as Otl'e or botr sides are lithograplied. Some provision should be made for rates for miscellaneous printing sueh as that required for the Codes, Manuals and correction sEps and these should certainly not be based on a Government contract with another firm, nor should the¥ be rates which carr only be calculated by ~xperts. The contract should be for such work as the Superintendent plac-<:!S with the firm and not for all his forms. He should be abJe at any time to ti'ansfer his work to another firm or to expedite its execution by allotttng portions 'bi'it,to other firms. The contract should state that rates for any special work Can 'be fixed by agreement at Jess than the rates wh;ch would apply under th:: oh'gi'n'al contract. The printers should agree to keep all stones needed 'fot forms set-up until they receive an order from t1-~e Supel intendent allowing them to d~fAce or distribute the\n; they shQuld also 3gree to set apart adequate and sttifa>ble storage room for blank paper and prepared forms in bulk. They should further agree to distribute forms by hand, post rl11d rail, correclly counted (in bundles of 100 each tied with a string for convenience of counting) and securely packed, within twenty-four hours of rece1ving a distributio'\1 ordet. S~ReFintendent should endeavour to' get his forms rr:nted well in advance j 3S fat as possible the total requirements for each form should be printed off in one batch and the whole of the foreseen requirements for Enmneration, Slip Copying and Sorting should be finished some three weeks before die date for tl'e fil1al Census j however careful1y.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Askari Bank Limited List of Shareholders (W/Out Cnic) As of December 31, 2017
    ASKARI BANK LIMITED LIST OF SHAREHOLDERS (W/OUT CNIC) AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2017 S. NO. FOLIO NO. NAME OF SHAREHOLDERS ADDRESSES OF THE SHAREHOLDERS NO. OF SHARES 1 9 MR. MOHAMMAD SAEED KHAN 65, SCHOOL ROAD, F-7/4, ISLAMABAD. 336 2 10 MR. SHAHID HAFIZ AZMI 17/1 6TH GIZRI LANE, DEFENCE HOUSING AUTHORITY, PHASE-4, KARACHI. 3280 3 15 MR. SALEEM MIAN 344/7, ROSHAN MANSION, THATHAI COMPOUND, M.A. JINNAH ROAD, KARACHI. 439 4 21 MS. HINA SHEHZAD C/O MUHAMMAD ASIF THE BUREWALA TEXTILE MILLS LTD 1ST FLOOR, DAWOOD CENTRE, M.T. KHAN ROAD, P.O. 10426, KARACHI. 470 5 42 MR. M. RAFIQUE B.R.1/27, 1ST FLOOR, JAFFRY CHOWK, KHARADHAR, KARACHI. 9382 6 49 MR. JAN MOHAMMED H.NO. M.B.6-1728/733, RASHIDABAD, BILDIA TOWN, MAHAJIR CAMP, KARACHI. 557 7 55 MR. RAFIQ UR REHMAN PSIB PRIVATE LIMITED, 17-B, PAK CHAMBERS, WEST WHARF ROAD, KARACHI. 305 8 57 MR. MUHAMMAD SHUAIB AKHUNZADA 262, SHAMI ROAD, PESHAWAR CANTT. 1919 9 64 MR. TAUHEED JAN ROOM NO.435, BLOCK-A, PAK SECRETARIAT, ISLAMABAD. 8530 10 66 MS. NAUREEN FAROOQ KHAN 90, MARGALA ROAD, F-8/2, ISLAMABAD. 5945 11 67 MR. ERSHAD AHMED JAN C/O BANK OF AMERICA, BLUE AREA, ISLAMABAD. 2878 12 68 MR. WASEEM AHMED HOUSE NO.485, STREET NO.17, CHAKLALA SCHEME-III, RAWALPINDI. 5945 13 71 MS. SHAMEEM QUAVI SIDDIQUI 112/1, 13TH STREET, PHASE-VI, DEFENCE HOUSING AUTHORITY, KARACHI-75500. 2695 14 74 MS. YAZDANI BEGUM HOUSE NO.A-75, BLOCK-13, GULSHAN-E-IQBAL, KARACHI.
    [Show full text]
  • Unclaimed Dividend Amount As on AGM 10Th August 2017.Xlsx
    CIN/ BCIN L63010GJ1992PLC018106Company/Bank Name GUJARAT PIPAVAV PORT LIMITED Date of AGM(DD-MON-YYYY) 10-Aug-17 Prefill Sum of unpaid and unclaimed dividend 638130.20 Sum of interest on matured debentures 0.00 Sum of matured deposit 0.00 Sum of interest on matured deposit 0.00 Sum of matured debentures 0.00 Sum of interest on application money due for refund 0.00 Sum of application money due for refund 0.00 Redemption amount of preference shares 0.00 Sale proceed for fractional shares 0.00 Validate Clear Proposed Date of transfer to Investor First Name Investor Middle Name Investor Last Name Father/Husband First Name Father/ Husband Middle Name Father/ Husband Last Name Address Country State District Pin Code Folio No. DP ID- Client ID Investment Type Amount transferred IEPF (DD-MON-YYYY) ACHALABEN A PATEL NA AT & PO ANKLAV (MOUKHADKI ) TA BORSAD DIST KAIRA INDIA GUJARAT BORSAD 388540PA0008729 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 4750.0017-SEP-2023 RADHABEN SUBHASH SARDA NA C/O. SARDA & CO., CENTRAL BANK ROAD, JAMNAGAR. INDIA GUJARAT JAMNAGAR 361001 IN300974-IN300974-10178506 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 3800.00 17-SEP-2023 HITEN PATEL NA 2-F,SURYARATH, PANCHWATI, AHMEDABAD INDIA GUJARAT AHMEDABAD 380006PH0007765 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 4750.0017-SEP-2023 PATEL HETAL HIRENBHAI PATEL HIRENBHAI BALDEVBHAI 239, KARSANDAS MADH, NARDIPUR, KALOL, GANDHINAGAR. INDIA GUJARAT GANDHI NAGAR 382735 IN300343-IN300343-10841739 Amount for unclaimed and unpaid dividend 2280.0017-SEP-2023 YOGIRAJ G PATEL NA 7 ARYA NAGAR
    [Show full text]
  • Custodians of Culture and Biodiversity
    Custodians of culture and biodiversity Indigenous peoples take charge of their challenges and opportunities Anita Kelles-Viitanen for IFAD Funded by the IFAD Innovation Mainstreaming Initiative and the Government of Finland The opinions expressed in this manual are those of the authors and do not nec - essarily represent those of IFAD. The designations employed and the presenta - tion of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any country, terri - tory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “developed” and “developing” countries are in - tended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached in the development process by a particular country or area. This manual contains draft material that has not been subject to formal re - view. It is circulated for review and to stimulate discussion and critical comment. The text has not been edited. On the cover, a detail from a Chinese painting from collections of Anita Kelles-Viitanen CUSTODIANS OF CULTURE AND BIODIVERSITY Indigenous peoples take charge of their challenges and opportunities Anita Kelles-Viitanen For IFAD Funded by the IFAD Innovation Mainstreaming Initiative and the Government of Finland Table of Contents Executive summary 1 I Objective of the study 2 II Results with recommendations 2 1. Introduction 2 2. Poverty 3 3. Livelihoods 3 4. Global warming 4 5. Land 5 6. Biodiversity and natural resource management 6 7. Indigenous Culture 7 8. Gender 8 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Mysticism of Rahman Baba and Its Relevance to Our Education Hanif Ullah Khan
    Mysticism of Rahman Baba and its Relevance to Our Education Hanif Ullah Khan Abstract Man is forgetful by nature. He is inclined towards injustice and ignorance and is in need of permanent guidance, that is, the Holy Qur’an and Sunnah of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W). The poetry of Rahman Baba is inspired by these sources (i.e. Quran and Sunnah of the Prophet) He invites man to study nature, which is lacking in our educational curriculum. He considers life in this world as an investment for the next world and is of the opinion that only that person who is capable of knowing his own self can use the opportunities of this world correctly. He invites man to go back to his inner self and know his spiritual entity / being. Keywords: Rahman Baba, Mysticism, God, Education, Introduction Islam has produced great scholars, philosophers and mystics, who were / are the custodians and promoters of the Islamic culture and its values in the world. The teachings of all these legends are capable of pulling our own and our succeeding generations from the inferiority complexes and put them on the path to God. Rahman Baba is one amongst them. I have studied this mystic poet of Pashto literature and can say that his poetry is an introduction to the fundamentals of human nature. He addresses man irrespective of his area of origin. He makes an irresistible appeal to all, irrespective of their caste, colour and creed. His ideas are ever fresh and new and are a guiding light for seekers of the truth.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond 'Tribal Breakout': Afghans in the History of Empire, Ca. 1747–1818
    Beyond 'Tribal Breakout': Afghans in the History of Empire, ca. 1747–1818 Jagjeet Lally Journal of World History, Volume 29, Number 3, September 2018, pp. 369-397 (Article) Published by University of Hawai'i Press DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2018.0035 For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/719505 Access provided at 21 Jun 2019 10:40 GMT from University College London (UCL) Beyond ‘Tribal Breakout’: Afghans in the History of Empire, ca. 1747–1818 JAGJEET LALLY University College London N the desiccated and mountainous borderlands between Iran and India, Ithe uprising of the Hotaki (Ghilzai) tribes against Safavid rule in Qandahar in 1717 set in motion a chain reaction that had profound consequences for life across western, south, and even east Asia. Having toppled and terminated de facto Safavid rule in 1722,Hotakiruleatthe centre itself collapsed in 1729.1 Nadir Shah of the Afshar tribe—which was formerly incorporated within the Safavid political coalition—then seized the reigns of the state, subduing the last vestiges of Hotaki power at the frontier in 1738, playing the latter off against their major regional opponents, the Abdali tribes. From Kandahar, Nadir Shah and his new allies marched into Mughal India, ransacking its cities and their coffers in 1739, carrying treasure—including the peacock throne and the Koh-i- Noor diamond—worth tens of millions of rupees, and claiming de jure sovereignty over the swathe of territory from Iran to the Mughal domains. Following the execution of Nadir Shah in 1747, his former cavalry commander, Ahmad Shah Abdali, rapidly established his independent political authority.2 Adopting the sobriquet Durr-i-Durran (Pearl of 1 Rudi Matthee, Persia in Crisis.
    [Show full text]
  • EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation
    European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION European Asylum Support Office EASO Country of Origin Information Report Pakistan Security Situation October 2018 More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). ISBN: 978-92-9476-319-8 doi: 10.2847/639900 © European Asylum Support Office 2018 Reproduction is authorised, provided the source is acknowledged, unless otherwise stated. For third-party materials reproduced in this publication, reference is made to the copyrights statements of the respective third parties. Cover photo: FATA Faces FATA Voices, © FATA Reforms, url, CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 Neither EASO nor any person acting on its behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained herein. EASO COI REPORT PAKISTAN: SECURITY SITUATION — 3 Acknowledgements EASO would like to acknowledge the Belgian Center for Documentation and Research (Cedoca) in the Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons, as the drafter of this report. Furthermore, the following national asylum and migration departments have contributed by reviewing the report: The Netherlands, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Office for Country Information and Language Analysis Hungary, Office of Immigration and Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Office Documentation Centre Slovakia, Migration Office, Department of Documentation and Foreign Cooperation Sweden, Migration Agency, Lifos
    [Show full text]
  • Mahsuds and Wazirs; Maliks and Mullahs in Competition
    Afghanistan FGHANISTAN A PAKISTAN INIDA NorthFrontier West North Waziristan South Waziristan Balochistan PAKISTAN MAHSUDS AND WAZIRS; MALIKS AND MULLAHS IN C OMPETITION Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures TRIBAL ANALYSIS CENTER April 2012 Mahsuds and Wazirs; Maliks and Mullahs in Competition M AHSUDS AND W AZIRS ; M ALIKS AND M ULLAHS IN C OMPETITION Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures TRIBAL ANALYSIS CENTER About Tribal Analysis Center Tribal Analysis Center, 6610-M Mooretown Road, Box 159. Williamsburg, VA, 23188 Mahsuds and Wazirs; Maliks and Mullahs in Competition Mahsuds and Wazirs; Maliks and Mullahs in Competition No patchwork scheme—and all our present recent schemes...are mere patchwork— will settle the Waziristan problem. Not until the military steam-roller has passed over the country from end to end, will there be peace. But I do not want to be the person to start that machine. Lord Curzon, Britain’s viceroy of India The great drawback to progress in Afghanistan has been those men who, under the pretense of religion, have taught things which were entirely contrary to the teachings of Mohammad, and that, being the false leaders of the religion. The sooner they are got rid of, the better. Amir Abd al-Rahman (Kabul’s Iron Amir) The Pashtun tribes have individual “personality” characteristics and this is a factor more commonly seen within the independent tribes – and their sub-tribes – than in the large tribal “confederations” located in southern Afghanistan, the Durranis and Ghilzai tribes that have developed in- termarried leadership clans and have more in common than those unaffiliated, independent tribes. Isolated and surrounded by larger, and probably later arriving migrating Pashtun tribes and restricted to poorer land, the Mahsud tribe of the Wazirs evolved into a nearly unique “tribal culture.” For context, it is useful to review the overarching genealogy of the Pashtuns.
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Assistance Layout with Instructions
    Initial Environmental Examination December 2014 PAK: Pakistan Power Transmission Enhancement Program Tranche-IV (220 kV Chakdarra Grid Station and Allied Transmission Line) Prepared by Environment and Social Impact Cell (ESIC), NTDC for the Asian Development Bank. 220 kV Chakdarra Grid Station and Allied Transmission Line IEE TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Scope of the IEE Study and Personnel 2 2. POLICY LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 4 2.1 Statutory Framework 4 2.1.1 Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 4 2.1.2 Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of IEE and EIA Regulations, 2000 4 2.1.3 National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) 6 2.1.4 Other Relevant Laws 6 2.2 Structure of Report 6 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 8 3.1 Type of Project 8 3.2 Categorization of the Project 8 3.3 Need for the Project 8 3.4 Location and Scale of Project 9 3.5 Analysis of Alternatives 11 3.5.1 Do Nothing Scenario 11 3.5.2 Alternative Construction Methods 11 3.5.3 Alternative Geometry 11 3.6 Proposed Schedule for Implementation 11 3.7 Construction Material 11 4. DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE CONDITIONS 13 4.1 Project Area 13 4.1.1 General Characteristics of Project Area 13 4.1.2 Affected Administrative Units 13 4.2 Physical Resources 13 4.2.1 Topography, Geography, Geology, and Soils 13 4.2.2 Climate, Temperature and Rainfall 14 4.2.3 Groundwater and Water Supply 15 4.2.4 Surface Water 15 i 220 kV Chakdarra Grid Station and Allied Transmission Line IEE 4.2.5 Air Quality 16 4.2.6 Noise 16 4.3 Biological Resources 16 4.3.1 Wildlife, Fisheries and Aquatic Biology 16 4.3.2 Terrestrial Habitats, Forests and Protected Species 17 4.3.3 Protected areas / National Sanctuaries 17 4.4 Economic Development 17 4.4.1 Agriculture, Livestock and Industries 17 4.4.2 Energy Sources 18 4.5 Social and Cultural Resources 18 4.5.1 Population Communities and Employment 18 4.5.2 Education and Literacy 19 4.5.3 Cultural Heritage and Community Structure 19 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Report No
    SPECIAL REPORT NO. 494 | MAY 2021 UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE www.usip.org The Evolution and Potential Resurgence of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan By Amira Jadoon Contents Introduction ...................................3 The Rise and Decline of the TTP, 2007–18 .....................4 Signs of a Resurgent TPP, 2019–Early 2021 ............... 12 Regional Alliances and Rivalries ................................ 15 Conclusion: Keeping the TTP at Bay ............................. 19 A Pakistani soldier surveys what used to be the headquarters of Baitullah Mehsud, the TTP leader who was killed in March 2010. (Photo by Pir Zubair Shah/New York Times) Summary • Established in 2007, the Tehrik-i- attempts to intimidate local pop- regional affiliates of al-Qaeda and Taliban Pakistan (TTP) became ulations, and mergers with prior the Islamic State. one of Pakistan’s deadliest militant splinter groups suggest that the • Thwarting the chances of the TTP’s organizations, notorious for its bru- TTP is attempting to revive itself. revival requires a multidimensional tal attacks against civilians and the • Multiple factors may facilitate this approach that goes beyond kinetic Pakistani state. By 2015, a US drone ambition. These include the Afghan operations and renders the group’s campaign and Pakistani military Taliban’s potential political ascend- message irrelevant. Efforts need to operations had destroyed much of ency in a post–peace agreement prioritize investment in countering the TTP’s organizational coherence Afghanistan, which may enable violent extremism programs, en- and capacity. the TTP to redeploy its resources hancing the rule of law and access • While the TTP’s lethality remains within Pakistan, and the potential to essential public goods, and cre- low, a recent uptick in the number for TTP to deepen its links with ating mechanisms to address legiti- of its attacks, propaganda releases, other militant groups such as the mate grievances peacefully.
    [Show full text]
  • Religious Transformation and Development Among the Pakhtuns: a Historical and Analytical Study
    Religious Transformation and Development among the Pakhtuns: A Historical and Analytical Study Himayatullah ∗ Like their inaccessible hilly terrain hidden away in huge mountains the origin of the Pakhtuns is also shrouded in mystery. There are various theories put forward by different scholars and historians regarding their origin. The first theory, which was propounded by Niamatullah in Makhzan-i-Afghani, was that, the Pakhtuns are the descendants of Hazrat Yaqub (A.S), which means they are of Bani Israelite origin. It goes on to say that the Pakhtuns collectively embraced Islam on the invitation of Hazrat Khalid bin Walid during the lifetime of Hazrat Muhammad (SAW). 1 The proponents of the Bani Israelite theory considered Khalid bin Walid a descendant of that Jewish community who migrated from Babul to Medina. Another theory regarding the origin of the Pakhtuns is that they belong to those Aryans who laid the foundation of an advanced culture at about 1500 B.C. It has been stated that the Aryans, on account of natural calamities, left their original homeland Central Asia and settled in the area of Bakhtar in Afghanistan in the shape of different tribes. In the fields of Bakhtar they spent their days and nights. After some time with increase in their population, the area remained not helpful and productive for them. Therefore, they started migrating from Bakhtar in groups in different phases. After the migration of two main branches from Bakhtar, the remaining Aryans left behind, decided of permanent settlement in Bakhtar. They are known as the ‘Aryans of Bakhtar’ or the ‘Central Aryans’.
    [Show full text]
  • Caste, Kinship and Sex Ratios in India
    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CASTE, KINSHIP AND SEX RATIOS IN INDIA Tanika Chakraborty Sukkoo Kim Working Paper 13828 http://www.nber.org/papers/w13828 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 March 2008 We thank Bob Pollak, Karen Norberg, David Rudner and seminar participants at the Work, Family and Public Policy workshop at Washington University for helpful comments and discussions. We also thank Lauren Matsunaga and Michael Scarpati for research assistance and Cassie Adcock and the staff of the South Asia Library at the University of Chicago for their generous assistance in data collection. We are also grateful to the Weidenbaum Center and Washington University (Faculty Research Grant) for research support. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer- reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2008 by Tanika Chakraborty and Sukkoo Kim. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Caste, Kinship and Sex Ratios in India Tanika Chakraborty and Sukkoo Kim NBER Working Paper No. 13828 March 2008 JEL No. J12,N35,O17 ABSTRACT This paper explores the relationship between kinship institutions and sex ratios in India at the turn of the twentieth century. Since kinship rules varied by caste, language, religion and region, we construct sex-ratios by these categories at the district-level using data from the 1901 Census of India for Punjab (North), Bengal (East) and Madras (South).
    [Show full text]
  • Afghanistan Saddozai Kings and Viziers 1747 – 1842
    Born on 19th Oct. 1939 Wg. Cdr. (retd.) Sardar Ahmed Shah Jan has a family tree that dates back to the period of Shah Abbas the Great of Persia. He comes from the Saddozai clan of the Popalzai tribe of Afghanistan whose forefathers migrated to the Indian Sub-Continent in 1842. He is the great grandson of Col. Sir Nawab Wazirzada Sardar Muhammed Aslam Khan, K.C.I.E., and K.C.V.O. He studied at Lawerence College, Ghora Gali, and Presentation Convent Murree initially, but for his ‘O’ and ‘A’ Level Cambridge Certificates he went to Burn Hall School, Abbottabad which was run by European priests. He did his B.A. (Hons.) from Islamia College Peshawar and Mastered in M.A. English from Peshawar University. He taught English at PAF Academy, Risalpur and retired as a Wing Commander in 1984. He writes in ‘Letters to the Editor,’ in Daily DAWN. Besides he is a layman horticulturist and tends to his garden. AFGHANISTAN SADDOZAI KINGS AND VIZIERS 1747 – 1842 This book is dedicated to my father Brig. S. Ahmed Jan M.B.E. Sardar Ahmed Shah Jan AFGHANISTAN SADDOZAI KINGS AND VIZIERS 1747 – 1842 Copyright © Sardar Ahmed Shah Jan The right of Sardar Ahmed Shah Jan to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with section 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers.
    [Show full text]