CENSUS OF INDIA, 1931 NORrrll-WJ~R1_l ~H'RONTIE~H PROV1NOE ADMINISTRATION R}1~P()RT BY A. D. F. DUNDAS, I. C. S., Superintendent of Census Operations. 1'11InnrlliD I'T 'll'IU JoU.IU.l>lIl1o, GOVBB~IIH'! S 'ATfOV,lBr AlfD PBllf'fING. DO!1t DBful' UD I'OllV8 lI'I'Oll1l, 1I'0."rll WIISl' 1'11.( STIDB PBOVINI1B 1938 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I-Enumeration Subject Page Object .)f the .\.dm:nistration Report I npenbf, reClarks and Establishment ... I 1 3 The recurd of 1921 Census Permanent A·ivance I -+ 1 :; Draiting and translation of forms ;..nel in~tru('tions toO fJ Printing 7 Oatt: of the Cc nsus Draft Census Calendar and Progres~ Report 3 For.l1ation ot Census Divisions -+ g , -r 1'1 House numbering -1 I I The Preliminary Records ... 4 12 Inspedion ::If EnumeratIOn Rt'curci,. 13 l'se of hou,;ehuld schedules 4 q ';:pecial arranger:1ents 4- IS ~ on-Synchronous areaS 5 16 Pruvisional totals ... 5 17 Tiwir dCCUri!C'.\· 5 I,q Incustriul CerS'ls 6 6 H) .\+titude of tbt: public tow.lrJ" ( t"ISllS operations 6 2(. District C<'I1"U<; Expenditure CHAPTER II-Slip Copying 10 t lr;anisdtion Staff anJ accommodation 10 Material re4uired before the re,'eipt of the books :,0;11 ,ji£trict!~ 10 InstrJctions to staff 10 Ca~culation of reward" ar.d fines 11 I J Su pelvis!' l'1 \,illa,..:e LLhlec; II Sorting. ).!a~in6 up (If ~oxes I2 Sorting staff 12 Procedure in sorting 12 Lessons learned in the course UI sorting ... 12 Compilation and Ta.bulation Staff .. , :\jethod of Compilation, Tabulation and Chcck:ng Preparation of final t'lbles .,. ')pecial difficulty ('If certain tablet> Special statistical material for the Report CHAPTER III T:1e cust .)( tlie Census 16 Appendices -\ List of Census papers and riles preserved B Statement uf Census Estab:ishment t'rr'plvyed in connection with the Census, 193 I v C La.,tes or Tribes returned ... ... x ADMINISTRATION HEPORT ON THE OENSlTS OPERATIONS, N[RTH-WEST FHONTII~({ PRorINCE, 1931 CHAPTER I ENUMERATION I. This part of the Census Report is published main~y for the guirJancp Object of the Administration -of the Provincial SuperintenJent at the next census. Report. 2. Captain Mallam to(lk over charge of his duties as Superintendent, Census OpenIng Oper3.tion~, !\( rth-Vl~est fr?ntier Province, on the IS.t ~f April 1930, and iSSUt:d remarks and Establish­ his first CIrcular of mstructlons to all Deputy CommIssIOners on the 12th Apnl. ment. In d,e Jr.lddle of May owing to poEtical disturbances r.e was deputed as Assistant Commissioner, Charsadda, in addition to his duties. He remained there until 6th September and during tre period of depl;ltation could rardly find any time to devote to the Census work. He was agam dc:puted as SpecIal rv:agistrate at Dera Tsmail Khan from the 17th September to 9th November 1)31, and as Additional Di.strict Magistrate, Peshawar, in January 1932. On the 8th Apnl 1932, he was appointed to. Kabul. From the. 8th April to 27th July K. Sultan Muhan:rrad K}lan was III cha.rge of operatIOns. en th.e 28th Juiy Mr. A. [). F. Dundas, I. C. S , was appolI1ted to complete t he writing vf the report. In the beginning the office staff consisted of a Head Clerk deputed from the Revenue CO" miss:oner's OfficeJ one Jamadar and one Ordlfly. The Head Clerk was during tre first year paid at the rate dRs. lOS per' mensem which was raised in the following) ear to R s. 126 per mensem. One typist was employed on Rs. 50 per rrcnsem with effect from th.e IS! of June 1930 and was discharged on the 31st May 193 I. The above establishment was the only staff entertained for the Office of the Surerintendent during the whole operations. 3. Most of the fi;es awl papers relating to Accounts and Printing of the The record of Census Report, etc., preserved at tl:e 1921 Census were not found and the 1921 Census. Superintend\~nt in c"ns quen-::e suffererl considerable inconven~ence and un­ necessary 1ahotlr. In most of the districts the Censlls Regist('rs and Maps of 1921 had bt'cn preserved quite safsfactorily, but in the Peshawar District in spite of repeatcd requests from the Census office most of the valuable records had bcen destroyed. Owing to this tIle work of preparing Census Maps in each ~ub- Divis:on. the formation of Census Divisions etc I. took much longer than wou;d have been tl.e cafe had the records of the prevIous Census been avail­ able. 4- In the first instance a permanent advance of Rs. 75 was sanctioned by Permanent Advance. the Government ot India but in December 1930, this was enhanced to Rs 2(10 sub;cct to the con,.l:tion that the enhanced limit ,'"ould be reduced with the diminution of activities. 5. The first thing to be done in ~onnection with the Census was the draft­ Drafting and translation of ing of the Provincial Census Code on the lines specified in the Imperial Census forms and - C(Jde. It was prrferred to :ssue Part I of the Provincial Code complele instead instructions. of by Chapters and it naturally took a longer time than it would have taken if issued by Chapters. In order to carryon the work a Circular Letter was issued in the beginning of April dealing with all sorts of preliminary stages of the opera­ tions A complete Code in Eng~ish \yas issued in the end o(September r030 and copies in vernacu1ar were supplied to the officers concerned in the sc~oJ1d "Cl'k of November 1930. A separate Manual containing instructions for charge Superintendents, Supervisors and Enumerators in English and Urdu was also­ issued. In addition to these printed publications a Jarge number of impor~ant Circulflr::; were sent tQ all Deputy Commission'er-s', Polirica~ Agents, and' District Census. Q'tf!·ct!rs. The correspondence of the l':ol\th-West Frontier Province Census Office: being small in' the initial stages, the Head Clerk was.- employed as Translator in acdition to his cle.ticat worki. Most of th'e translations·- were read over to the Superintendent who insisted on the langu~ge used being, as simple a-s possible, the words heing those in common use. I A doubtful translation, it was found, can be tested 1>ettet by referring it to a few Patwaris than to linguistic experts. The only sugge:,tions) to he made- foo the improvement of tr.e forms are noted below ~- (a) All forms should be sE!1I1a]~-y nurnbetecf. (b) Miscellaneous forms -have hitherto beet! printed on papers of varying size, but the forn;s constituting the enurr,'eratioIi books are on paper' of prescribed quality and dimensions which has to be obtained specially for the Census under the Census Commissioner's orders). It will sa.ve a great deal of trouble if every miscellaneous form is also abridged or spaced out so as to occupy an exact fra-etion of a sheet of the papers presc~bed for- the Gegeral ScheduleS'. No,1({emands for vernacular forms in any langllage other than Urdu were received from any quarter. Println!,. 6. In 193 I the printing of all lithographed forms and instructions ,wets entrusted to the Lakshmi Art Steam Press, Peshawar City, whilst the Circula-rs, Itlstructions and Report in English w-ere printed oy the Manager, Government Printing & Stationery Office, ]': orth-W-est Frontier Province, Peshawar. Apart from any danges which may occur in the Province, the next Superintendent will probably be well advised to place his forms and Codes \Urdu) with the L.akshmi Art Steam Press, Peshawar, and all other work.in English- with the Government Press. 1he contract which should be made with the pr:vate press must include special rates for all forms according to size: and these rates should vary according as Otl'e or botr sides are lithograplied. Some provision should be made for rates for miscellaneous printing sueh as that required for the Codes, Manuals and correction sEps and these should certainly not be based on a Government contract with another firm, nor should the¥ be rates which carr only be calculated by ~xperts. The contract should be for such work as the Superintendent plac-<:!S with the firm and not for all his forms. He should be abJe at any time to ti'ansfer his work to another firm or to expedite its execution by allotttng portions 'bi'it,to other firms. The contract should state that rates for any special work Can 'be fixed by agreement at Jess than the rates wh;ch would apply under th:: oh'gi'n'al contract. The printers should agree to keep all stones needed 'fot forms set-up until they receive an order from t1-~e Supel intendent allowing them to d~fAce or distribute the\n; they shQuld also 3gree to set apart adequate and sttifa>ble storage room for blank paper and prepared forms in bulk. They should further agree to distribute forms by hand, post rl11d rail, correclly counted (in bundles of 100 each tied with a string for convenience of counting) and securely packed, within twenty-four hours of rece1ving a distributio'\1 ordet. S~ReFintendent should endeavour to' get his forms rr:nted well in advance j 3S fat as possible the total requirements for each form should be printed off in one batch and the whole of the foreseen requirements for Enmneration, Slip Copying and Sorting should be finished some three weeks before die date for tl'e fil1al Census j however careful1y.