Survey of Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) in Southwestern Iran, with New Records
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Spider Bites
Infectious Disease Epidemiology Section Office of Public Health, Louisiana Dept of Health & Hospitals 800-256-2748 (24 hr number) www.infectiousdisease.dhh.louisiana.gov SPIDER BITES Revised 6/13/2007 Epidemiology There are over 3,000 species of spiders native to the United States. Due to fragility or inadequate length of fangs, only a limited number of species are capable of inflicting noticeable wounds on human beings, although several small species of spiders are able to bite humans, but with little or no demonstrable effect. The final determination of etiology of 80% of suspected spider bites in the U.S. is, in fact, an alternate diagnosis. Therefore the perceived risk of spider bites far exceeds actual risk. Tick bites, chemical burns, lesions from poison ivy or oak, cutaneous anthrax, diabetic ulcer, erythema migrans from Lyme disease, erythema from Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, sporotrichosis, Staphylococcus infections, Stephens Johnson syndrome, syphilitic chancre, thromboembolic effects of Leishmaniasis, toxic epidermal necrolyis, shingles, early chicken pox lesions, bites from other arthropods and idiopathic dermal necrosis have all been misdiagnosed as spider bites. Almost all bites from spiders are inflicted by the spider in self defense, when a human inadvertently upsets or invades the spider’s space. Of spiders in the United States capable of biting, only a few are considered dangerous to human beings. Bites from the following species of spiders can result in serious sequelae: Louisiana Office of Public Health – Infectious Disease Epidemiology Section Page 1 of 14 The Brown Recluse: Loxosceles reclusa Photo Courtesy of the Texas Department of State Health Services The most common species associated with medically important spider bites: • Physical characteristics o Length: Approximately 1 inch o Appearance: A violin shaped mark can be visualized on the dorsum (top). -
Arachnids (Excluding Acarina and Pseudoscorpionida) of the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge, Oklahoma
OCCASIONAL PAPERS THE MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY NUMBER 67 5 SEPTEMBER 1980 ARACHNIDS (EXCLUDING ACARINA AND PSEUDOSCORPIONIDA) OF THE WICHITA MOUNTAINS WILDLIFE REFUGE, OKLAHOMA JAMES C. COKENDOLPHER AND FRANK D. BRYCE The Wichita Mountains are located in eastern Greer, southern Kiowa, and northwestern Comanche counties in Oklahoma. Since their formation more than 300 million years ago, these rugged mountains have been fragmented and weathered, until today the highest peak (Mount Pinchot) stands only 756 meters above sea level (Tyler, 1977). The mountains are composed predominantly of granite and gabbro. Forests of oak, elm, and walnut border most waterways, while at elevations from 153 to 427 meters prair ies are the predominant vegetation type. A more detailed sum mary of the climatic and biotic features of the Wichitas has been presented by Blair and Hubbell (1938). A large tract of land in the eastern range of the Wichita Moun tains (now northeastern Comanche County) was set aside as the Wichita National Forest by President McKinley during 1901. In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt created a game preserve on those lands managed by the Forest Service. Since 1935, this pre serve has been known as the Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge. Numerous papers on Oklahoma spiders have been published (Bailey and Chada, 1968; Bailey et al., 1968; Banks et al, 1932; Branson, 1958, 1959, 1966, 1968; Branson and Drew, 1972; Gro- thaus, 1968; Harrel, 1962, 1965; Horner, 1975; Rogers and Horner, 1977), but only a single, comprehensive work (Banks et al., 1932) exists covering all arachnid orders in the state. Further additions and annotations to the arachnid fauna of Oklahoma can be found 2 OCCASIONAL PAPERS MUSEUM TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY in recent revisionary studies. -
Development of the Cursorial Spider, Cheiracanthium Inclusum (Araneae: Miturgidae), on Eggs of Helicoverpa Zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)1
Development of the Cursorial Spider, Cheiracanthium inclusum (Araneae: Miturgidae), on Eggs of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)1 R. S. Pfannenstiel2 Beneficial Insects Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Weslaco, Texas 78596 USA J. Entomol. Sci. 43(4): 418422 (October 2008) Abstract Development of the cursorial spider, Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz) (Araneae: Miturgidae), from emergence to maturity on a diet of eggs of the lepidopteran pest Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was characterized. Cheiracanthium inclusum developed to adulthood with no mortality while feeding on a diet solely of H. zea eggs and water. The number of instars to adulthood varied from 4-5 for males and from 4-6 for females, although most males (84.6%) and females (66.7%) required 5 instars. Males and females took a similar time to become adults (54.2 ± 4.0 and 53.9 ± 2.0 days, respectively). Egg consumption was similar between males and females for the first 4 instars, but differed for the 51 instar and for the total number of eggs consumed to reach adulthood (651.0 ± 40.3 and 866.5 ± 51.4 eggs for males and females, respectively). Individual consumption rates suggest the potential for high impact of C. inclusum individuals on pest populations. Development was faster and survival greater than in previous studies of C. inc/usum development. Key Words spider development, egg predation Spiders have been observed feeding on lepidopteran eggs in several crops (re- viewed by Nyffeler et al. 1990), but only recently has the frequency of these obser- vations (Pfannenstiel and Yeargan 2002, Pfartnenstiel 2005, 2008) suggested that lepidopteran eggs may be a common prey item for some families of cursorial spiders. -
Spider Biodiversity Patterns and Their Conservation in the Azorean
Systematics and Biodiversity 6 (2): 249–282 Issued 6 June 2008 doi:10.1017/S1477200008002648 Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum ∗ Paulo A.V. Borges1 & Joerg Wunderlich2 Spider biodiversity patterns and their 1Azorean Biodiversity Group, Departamento de Ciˆencias conservation in the Azorean archipelago, Agr´arias, CITA-A, Universidade dos Ac¸ores. Campus de Angra, with descriptions of new species Terra-Ch˜a; Angra do Hero´ısmo – 9700-851 – Terceira (Ac¸ores); Portugal. Email: [email protected] 2Oberer H¨auselbergweg 24, Abstract In this contribution, we report on patterns of spider species diversity of 69493 Hirschberg, Germany. the Azores, based on recently standardised sampling protocols in different hab- Email: joergwunderlich@ t-online.de itats of this geologically young and isolated volcanic archipelago. A total of 122 species is investigated, including eight new species, eight new records for the submitted December 2005 Azorean islands and 61 previously known species, with 131 new records for indi- accepted November 2006 vidual islands. Biodiversity patterns are investigated, namely patterns of range size distribution for endemics and non-endemics, habitat distribution patterns, island similarity in species composition and the estimation of species richness for the Azores. Newly described species are: Oonopidae – Orchestina furcillata Wunderlich; Linyphiidae: Linyphiinae – Porrhomma borgesi Wunderlich; Turinyphia cavernicola Wunderlich; Linyphiidae: Micronetinae – Agyneta depigmentata Wunderlich; Linyph- iidae: -
Araneae, Theridiidae)
Phelsuma 14; 49-89 Theridiid or cobweb spiders of the granitic Seychelles islands (Araneae, Theridiidae) MICHAEL I. SAARISTO Zoological Museum, Centre for Biodiversity University of Turku,FIN-20014 Turku FINLAND [micsaa@utu.fi ] Abstract. - This paper describes 8 new genera, namely Argyrodella (type species Argyrodes pusillus Saaristo, 1978), Bardala (type species Achearanea labarda Roberts, 1982), Nanume (type species Theridion naneum Roberts, 1983), Robertia (type species Theridion braueri (Simon, 1898), Selimus (type species Theridion placens Blackwall, 1877), Sesato (type species Sesato setosa n. sp.), Spinembolia (type species Theridion clabnum Roberts, 1978), and Stoda (type species Theridion libudum Roberts, 1978) and one new species (Sesato setosa n. sp.). The following new combinations are also presented: Phycosoma spundana (Roberts, 1978) n. comb., Argyrodella pusillus (Saaristo, 1978) n. comb., Rhomphaea recurvatus (Saaristo, 1978) n. comb., Rhomphaea barycephalus (Roberts, 1983) n. comb., Bardala labarda (Roberts, 1982) n. comb., Moneta coercervus (Roberts, 1978) n. comb., Nanume naneum (Roberts, 1983) n. comb., Parasteatoda mundula (L. Koch, 1872) n. comb., Robertia braueri (Simon, 1898). n. comb., Selimus placens (Blackwall, 1877) n. comb., Sesato setosa n. gen, n. sp., Spinembolia clabnum (Roberts, 1978) n. comb., and Stoda libudum (Roberts, 1978) n. comb.. Also the opposite sex of four species are described for the fi rst time, namely females of Phycosoma spundana (Roberts, 1978) and P. menustya (Roberts, 1983) and males of Spinembolia clabnum (Roberts, 1978) and Stoda libudum (Roberts, 1978). Finally the morphology and terminology of the male and female secondary genital organs are discussed. Key words. - copulatory organs, morphology, Seychelles, spiders, Theridiidae. INTRODUCTION Theridiids or comb-footed spiders are very variable in general apperance often with considerable sexual dimorphism. -
The World Distributions of Species Within the Enoplognatha Ovata
226 Bull. Br. arachnol. Soc. (1994) 9 (7), 226-232 The world distributions of species within the Hippa & Oksala (1983b) deduced the cladogenesis of Enoplognatha ovata group (Araneae: Theridiidae): species within this group on the basis of morphological implications for their evolution and for previous characteristics (Fig. 1). research Obviously the presence of previously unrecognised sibling species may complicate interpretation of the G. S. Oxford* results of the studies cited above, but this will depend on Department of Biology, the geographical ranges of the species concerned. In this University of York, York YO1 5DD paper, we present information'on the world distributions of the five sibling species presently placed in the Enop- and lognatha ovata group, and consider the implications for P. R. Reillo their evolution and for previous work. Rare Species Conservatory, 1222 'E' Road, Loxahatchee, Florida 33470, USA Materials Hippa & Oksala (1982, 1983a,b) gave the locations Summary of collected material in their original descriptions of species. We collected many specimens from France, The The world distributions of species within the Enoplog- Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland and Italy during natha ovata group (sensu Hippa & Oksala, 1983b) — E. ovata s.s., E. latimana, E. afrodite, E. penelope and E. August 1991 (Oxford & Reillo, in press). Information margarita — are described for the first time. E. ovata s.s. for the British Isles is based on a number of surveys and E. latimana are widespread in Europe and in North (Oxford, 1985a, 1991, 1992; Snazell, 1983), augmented America, while the other three species are more limited in with unpublished records from members of the British their ranges. -
70.1, 5 September 2008 ISSN 1944-8120
PECKHAMIA 70.1, 5 September 2008 ISSN 1944-8120 This is a PDF version of PECKHAMIA 3(2): 27-60, December 1995. Pagination of the original document has been retained. PECKHAMIA Volume 3 Number 2 Publication of the Peckham Society, an informal organization dedicated to research in the biology of jumping spiders. CONTENTS ARTICLES: A LIST OF THE JUMPING SPIDERS (SALTICIDAE) OF THE ISLANDS OF THE CARIBBEAN REGION G. B. Edwards and Robert J. Wolff..........................................................................27 DECEMBER 1995 A LIST OF THE JUMPING SPIDERS (SALTICIDAE) OF THE ISLANDS OF THE CARIBBEAN REGION G. B. Edwards Florida State Collection of Arthropods Division of Plant Industry P. O. Box 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614-7100 USA Robert J. Wolff1 Biology Department Trinity Christian College 6601 West College Drive Palos Heights, IL 60463 USA The following is a list of the jumping spiders that have been reported from the Caribbean region. We have interpreted this in a broad sense, so that all islands from Trinidad to the Bahamas have been included. Furthermore, we have included Bermuda, even though it is well north of the Caribbean region proper, as a more logical extension of the island fauna rather than the continental North American fauna. This was mentioned by Banks (1902b) nearly a century ago. Country or region (e. g., pantropical) records are included for those species which have broader ranges than the Caribbean area. We have not specifically included the islands of the Florida Keys, even though these could legitimately be included in the Caribbean region, because the known fauna is mostly continental. However, when Florida is known as the only continental U.S.A. -
New Species of the Spider Genus Cheiracanthium from Continental Africa (Araneae: Eutichuridae)
Zootaxa 3973 (2): 321–336 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2015 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BA72E71F-09CA-4A35-90DD-21A543CC2C5E New Species of the Spider Genus Cheiracanthium from Continental Africa (Araneae: Eutichuridae) L.N. LOTZ Department of Arachnology, National Museum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Eleven new species of Cheiracanthium, C. boendense sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), C. falcis sp. nov. (Ga- bon), C. foordi sp. nov. (South Africa), C. ghanaense sp. nov. (Ghana), C. kabalense sp. nov. (Uganda), C. kakamega sp. nov. (Kenya), C. kakumense sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Ghana), C. lukiense sp. nov. (Demo- cratic Republic of Congo), C. mayombense sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo), C. shilabira sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya) and C. tanzanense sp. nov. (Tanzania) are described. Males of C. punctipedellum Caporiacco, 1949, C. sansibaricum Strand, 1907 and C. schenkeli Caporiacco, 1949 are described for the first time. Key words: Afrotropical region, taxonomy, distribution Introduction Ramírez (2014) elevated Eutichuridae to family and included 12 genera, of which four, Cheiracanthium C.L. Koch, 1839, Cheiramiona Lotz & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1999, Lessertina Lawrence, 1942 and Tecution Benoit, 1977 are represented in the Afrotropical Region. The genus Cheiracanthium includes 196 species distributed throughout the world except for the Polar Regions (World Spider Catalogue, 2014). In the Afrotropical Region the genus Cheiracanthium is presently represented by 49 species (Lotz 2007a, 2007b, 2011, 2014), distributed mostly on the eastern half of the region and in the equatorial belt, between 10 degrees north and south. -
A LIST of the JUMPING SPIDERS of MEXICO. David B. Richman and Bruce Cutler
PECKHAMIA 62.1, 11 October 2008 ISSN 1944-8120 This is a PDF version of PECKHAMIA 2(5): 63-88, December 1988. Pagination of the original document has been retained. 63 A LIST OF THE JUMPING SPIDERS OF MEXICO. David B. Richman and Bruce Cutler The salticids of Mexico are poorly known. Only a few works, such as F. O. Pickard-Cambridge (1901), have dealt with the fauna in any depth and these are considerably out of date. Hoffman (1976) included jumping spiders in her list of the spiders of Mexico, but the list does not contain many species known to occur in Mexico and has some synonyms listed. It is our hope to present a more complete list of Mexican salticids. Without a doubt such a work is preliminary and as more species are examined using modern methods a more complete picture of this varied fauna will emerge. The total of 200 species indicates more a lack of study than a sparse fauna. We would be surprised if the salticid fauna of Chiapas, for example, was not larger than for all of the United States. Unfortunately, much of the tropical forest may disappear before this fauna is fully known. The following list follows the general format of our earlier (1978) work on the salticid fauna of the United States and Canada. We have not prepared a key to genera, at least in part because of the obvious incompleteness of the list. We hope, however, that this list will stimulate further work on the Mexican salticid fauna. Acragas Simon 1900: 37. -
Spiders from the Ionian Islands of Kerkyra (Corfu) and Lefkada, Greece (Arachnida: Aranei)
Arthropoda Selecta 23(3): 285–300 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2014 Spiders from the Ionian islands of Kerkyra (Corfu) and Lefkada, Greece (Arachnida: Aranei) Ïàóêè Èîíè÷åñêèõ îñòðîâîâ Êåðêèðà (Êîðôó) è Ëåâêàäà, Ãðåöèÿ (Arachnida: Aranei) Anthony Russell-Smith Ý. Ðàññåë-Ñìèò 1, Bailiffs Cottage, Doddington, Sittingbourne, Kent ME9 0JU, the UK. KEY WORDS: Aranei, Greece, Ionian islands, faunistic list. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Aranei, Греция, Ионические острова, фаунистический список. ABSTRACT. A list of spiders collected from the remains limited compared to that for most of central Ionian islands of Kerkyra and Lefkada is provided and NW Europe, as is the case for all areas of the together with a list of all previously published records. eastern Mediterranean. An important recent advance Information is provided on collection localities, habi- was the publication of an annotated catalogue of the tats and geographic distribution of all species record- Greek spider fauna [Bosmans & Chatzaki, 2005]. This ed. A total of 94 species were collected in Kerkyra, of listed a total of 856 valid species for the country, which 37 had not been previously recorded. 98 species although that figure has been substantially increased by were collected in Lefkada, of which 71 were new records subsequent work. Since then, provisional checklists for the island. Currently, 243 spider species are record- have been published for the islands of Lesbos [Bos- ed from Kerkyra and 117 species from Lefkada. Five mans et al., 2009], Chios [Russell-Smith et al., 2011] species collected were new records for Greece: Agyne- and Crete [Bosmans et al., 2013]. These checklists ta mollis, Tenuiphantes herbicola (Lefkada), Trichon- apart, there has been little published on the spider cus sordidus (Kerkyra), Tmarus stellio (Kerkyra) and faunas of individual regions of Greece. -
Arab Journal of Plant Protection
Under the Patronage of H.E. the President of the Council of Ministers, Lebanon Arab Journal of Plant Protection Volume 27, Special Issue (Supplement), October 2009 Abstracts Book 10th Arab Congress of Plant Protection Organized by Arab Society for Plant Protection in Collaboration with National Council for Scientific Research Crowne Plaza Hotel, Beirut, Lebanon 26-30 October, 2009 Edited by Safaa Kumari, Bassam Bayaa, Khaled Makkouk, Ahmed El-Ahmed, Ahmed El-Heneidy, Majd Jamal, Ibrahim Jboory, Walid Abou-Gharbieh, Barakat Abu Irmaileh, Elia Choueiri, Linda Kfoury, Mustafa Haidar, Ahmed Dawabah, Adwan Shehab, Youssef Abu-Jawdeh Organizing Committee of the 10th Arab Congress of Plant Protection Mouin Hamze Chairman National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon Khaled Makkouk Secretary National Council for Scientific Research, Beirut, Lebanon Youssef Abu-Jawdeh Member Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Leila Geagea Member Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Holy Spirit University- Kaslik, Lebanon Mustafa Haidar Member Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Walid Saad Member Pollex sal, Beirut, Lebanon Samir El-Shami Member Ministry of Agriculture, Beirut, Lebanon Elia Choueiri Member Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, Tal Amara, Zahle, Lebanon Linda Kfoury Member Faculty of Agriculture, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon Khalil Melki Member Unifert, Beirut, Lebanon Imad Nahal Member Ministry of Agriculture, Beirut, -
Redescription of Two West Himalayan Cheiracanthium (Aranei: Cheiracanthiidae)
Arthropoda Selecta 29(3): 339–347 © ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2020 Redescription of two West Himalayan Cheiracanthium (Aranei: Cheiracanthiidae) Ïåðåîïèñàíèå äâóõ âèäîâ ðîäà Cheiracanthium (Aranei: Cheiracanthiidae) èç Çàïàäíûõ Ãèìàëàåâ Yuri M. Marusik1,2,3, Mikhail M. Omelko4,5, Zoë M. Simmons6 Þ.Ì. Ìàðóñèê1,2,3, Ì.Ì. Îìåëüêî4,5, Ç. Ñèììîíñ6 1 Institute for Biological Problems of the North, FEB RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan, 685000 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa. 3 Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, FI-20014, Finland. 4 Federal Scientific Center of East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022 Russia. E-mail: [email protected] 5 Far Eastern Federal University, Laboratory of ecology and evolutionary biology of aquatic organisms (LEEBAO), School of Natural Sciences, Vladivostok 690091, Russia. 6 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PW, England. E-mail: [email protected] 1 Институт биологических проблем Севера, ДВО РАН, ул. Портовая, 18, Магадан, 685000 Россия. 4 Федеральный научный центр Биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН, Владивосток, 690022 Россия. 5 Дальневосточный федеральный университет, Лаборатория экологии и эволюционной биологии водных организмов (ЛЭБВО), Школа естественных наук, Владивосток, 690091 Россия. KEY WORDS: Araneae, O. Pickard-Cambridge, Ferdinand Stoliczka, Pakistan, India, new synonym, lecto- type designation. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: Araneae, O. Pickard-Cambridge, Фердинанд Столичка, Пакистан, Индия, новый синоним, выделение лектотипа. ABSTRACT: Two species of Cheiracanthium, нию, C. adjacens O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885 и C. known only from the original descriptions, C. adjacens approximatum O.