Supplementary Data
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Copyright by Ernesto Lopez 2015
Copyright by Ernesto Lopez 2015 The Dissertation Committee for Ernesto Lopez Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: The role of arginine vasopressin receptor 2 in microvascular hyperpermeability during severe sepsis and septic shock Committee: Perenlei Enkhbaatar, M.D., Ph.D. Supervisor or Mentor, Chair Jose M. Barral M.D., Ph.D. Donald S. Prough, M.D. Robert A. Cox, Ph.D. Jae-Woo Lee, M.D. _______________________________ David W. Niesel, PhD. Dean, Graduate School The role of arginine vasopressin receptor 2 in microvascular hyperpermeability during severe sepsis and septic shock by Ernesto Lopez, M.D. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas Medical Branch in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas Medical Branch 2015 Acknowledgements First I would like to gratefully thank my mentor, Dr. Enkhbaatar for his dedication and support and for giving me the opportunity to work in his lab as a graduate student. Dr. Enkhbaatar helped me to improve my scientific and professional skills with great attention. I had a true opportunity to be exposed to every aspect of the biomedical sciences. Moreover, I would like to express my gratitude to the members of my dissertation committee Dr. Prough, Dr. Cox, Dr. Barral and Dr. Lee as well as Dr. Hawkins, Dr. Herndon, Dr. Rojas and Jacob MS, for all the critiques and ideas that certainly enhanced this project. I would also like to thank to all current and past members of the translational intensive care unit (TICU) for their enormous support and professionalism in completing this project; John Salsbury, Christina Nelson, Ashley Smith, Timothy Walker, Mackenzie Gallegos, Jisoo Kim, Uma Nwikoro, Ryan Scott, Jeffrey Jinkins, Lesia Tower, Cindy Moncebaiz, Cindy Hallum, Lindsey Willis, Paul Walden, Randi Bolding, Jameisha Lee, Mengyi Ye, as well as Drs. -
Classification Decisions Taken by the Harmonized System Committee from the 47Th to 60Th Sessions (2011
CLASSIFICATION DECISIONS TAKEN BY THE HARMONIZED SYSTEM COMMITTEE FROM THE 47TH TO 60TH SESSIONS (2011 - 2018) WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION Rue du Marché 30 B-1210 Brussels Belgium November 2011 Copyright © 2011 World Customs Organization. All rights reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning translation, reproduction and adaptation rights should be addressed to [email protected]. D/2011/0448/25 The following list contains the classification decisions (other than those subject to a reservation) taken by the Harmonized System Committee ( 47th Session – March 2011) on specific products, together with their related Harmonized System code numbers and, in certain cases, the classification rationale. Advice Parties seeking to import or export merchandise covered by a decision are advised to verify the implementation of the decision by the importing or exporting country, as the case may be. HS codes Classification No Product description Classification considered rationale 1. Preparation, in the form of a powder, consisting of 92 % sugar, 6 % 2106.90 GRIs 1 and 6 black currant powder, anticaking agent, citric acid and black currant flavouring, put up for retail sale in 32-gram sachets, intended to be consumed as a beverage after mixing with hot water. 2. Vanutide cridificar (INN List 100). 3002.20 3. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29 (See “INN List 101” at the end of this publication.) and 30 4. Certain INN products. Chapters 13, 29 (See “INN List 102” at the end of this publication.) and 30 5. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29, (See “INN List 103” at the end of this publication.) 30, 35 and 39 6. Re-classification of INN products. -
Regulation and Relevance for Chronic Lung Diseases
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Purinergic Signalling (2006) 2:399–408 DOI 10.1007/s11302-006-9001-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE E-NTPDases in human airways: Regulation and relevance for chronic lung diseases Lauranell H. Burch & Maryse Picher Received: 11 January 2005 /Accepted: 21 December 2005 / Published online: 30 May 2006 # Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2006 Abstract Chronic obstructive lung diseases are char- are characterized by higher rates of nucleotide elimi- acterized by the inability to prevent bacterial infection nation, azide-sensitive E-NTPDase activities and ex- and a gradual loss of lung function caused by recurrent pression. This review integrates the biphasic regulation inflammatory responses. In the past decade, numerous of airway E-NTPDases with the function of purine studies have demonstrated the importance of nucleo- signaling in lung diseases. During acute insults, a tide-mediated bacterial clearance. Their interaction transient reduction in E-NTPDase activities may be with P2 receptors on airway epithelia provides a rapid beneficial to stimulate ATP-mediated bacterial clear- Fon-and-off_ signal stimulating mucus secretion, cilia ance. In chronic lung diseases, elevating E-NTPDase beating activity and surface hydration. On the other activities may represent an attempt to prevent P2 hand, abnormally high ATP levels resulting from receptor desensitization and nucleotide-mediated lung damaged epithelia and bacterial lysis may cause lung damage. edema and exacerbate inflammatory responses. Air- way ATP concentrations are regulated by ecto nucle- Keywords apyrase . bacterial clearance . CD39 . oside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (E-NTPDases) chronic obstructive lung diseases . -
PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX to the TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2020) Revision 19 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names INN which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. -
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript J Med Chem
NIH Public Access Author Manuscript J Med Chem. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 June 23. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPublished NIH-PA Author Manuscript in final edited NIH-PA Author Manuscript form as: J Med Chem. 2011 June 23; 54(12): 4018±4033. doi:10.1021/jm101591j. Pyrimidine Nucleotides with 4-Alkyloxyimino and Terminal Tetraphosphate δ-Ester Modifications as Selective Agonists of the P2Y4 Receptor Hiroshi Maruokaa, M.P. Suresh Jayasekaraa, Matthew O. Barrettb, Derek A. Franklinb, Sonia de Castroa, Nathaniel Kima, Stefano Costanzic, T. Kendall Hardenb, and Kenneth A. Jacobsona,* aMolecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0810 bDepartment of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365 cLaboratory of Biological Modeling, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892 Abstract P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors are G protein-coupled receptors, activated by UTP and dinucleoside tetraphosphates, which are difficult to distinguish pharmacologically for lack of potent and selective ligands. We varied structurally phosphate and uracil moieties in analogues of pyrimidine nucleoside 5′-triphosphates and 5′-tetraphosphate esters. P2Y4 receptor potency in phospholipase C stimulation in transfected 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells was enhanced in N4- alkyloxycytidine derivatives. OH groups on a terminal δ-glucose phosphoester of uridine 5′- tetraphosphate were inverted or substituted with H or F to probe H-bonding effects. N4- 4 (Phenylpropoxy)-CTP 16 (MRS4062), Up4-[1]3′-deoxy-3′-fluoroglucose 34 (MRS2927) and N - (phenylethoxy)-CTP 15 exhibit ≥10-fold selectivity for human P2Y4 over P2Y2 and P2Y6 receptors (EC50 values 23, 62 and 73 nM, respectively). -
Pharmaceutical Appendix to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2019) Revision 13 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE HARMONIZED TARIFF SCHEDULE Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (2019) Revision 13 Annotated for Statistical Reporting Purposes PHARMACEUTICAL APPENDIX TO THE TARIFF SCHEDULE 2 Table 1. This table enumerates products described by International Non-proprietary Names INN which shall be entered free of duty under general note 13 to the tariff schedule. The Chemical Abstracts Service CAS registry numbers also set forth in this table are included to assist in the identification of the products concerned. For purposes of the tariff schedule, any references to a product enumerated in this table includes such product by whatever name known. -
United States Securities and Exchange Commission Form
Use these links to rapidly review the document TABLE OF CONTENTS PART IV Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K ☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2008 or o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 000-19319 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Massachusetts 04-3039129 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 130 Waverly Street Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4242 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number, including area code (617) 444-6100 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: Title of Each Class Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value Per Share The Nasdaq Global Select Market Rights to Purchase Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No o Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. -
Preclinical Effects of Melanocortins in Male Sexual Dysfunction
International Journal of Impotence Research (2008) 20, S11–S16 & 2008 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0955-9930/08 $30.00 www.nature.com/ijir Preclinical effects of melanocortins in male sexual dysfunction AM Shadiack1 and S Althof2 1Locus Pharmaceuticals, Blue Bell, PA, USA and 2The Center for Marital and Sexual Health of South Florida, West Palm Beach, FL, USA The neurobiology of sexual behavior involves the interrelationships between sex steroids and neurotransmitters that result in both central nervous system (CNS) effects and effects in the genitalia. Tools such as positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning can help determine what areas of the brain are activated under sexual stimulation. Our understanding of the role of various neurotransmitters, neurosteroids and other CNS-acting compounds is improving. The role of CNS-acting compounds such as dopamine agonists in the treatment of male sexual dysfunction is under active investigation. Melanocortins have CNS and peripheral roles in a wide variety of bodily functions. The melanocortin agonist bremelanotide appears to act in the CNS to promote erections in preclinical models, and may also stimulate behaviors that facilitate sexual activity beyond their erectogenic effects. International Journal of Impotence Research (2008) 20, S11–S16; doi:10.1038/ijir.2008.17 Keywords: erectile dysfunction; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; CNS-acting agents; melanocortins; bremelanotide Introduction Neuroanatomy of male sexual response The neurobiology of sexual behavior involves the Sex and the brain interrelationships between sex steroids and neuro- Sexual arousal can now be studied with such transmitters that result in both central nervous sophisticated tools as PET (positron emission system (CNS) effects and effects in the genitalia. -
1 Advances in Therapeutic Peptides Targeting G Protein-Coupled
Advances in therapeutic peptides targeting G protein-coupled receptors Anthony P. Davenport1Ϯ Conor C.G. Scully2Ϯ, Chris de Graaf2, Alastair J. H. Brown2 and Janet J. Maguire1 1Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK 2Sosei Heptares, Granta Park, Cambridge, CB21 6DG, UK. Ϯ Contributed equally Correspondence to Anthony P. Davenport email: [email protected] Abstract Dysregulation of peptide-activated pathways causes a range of diseases, fostering the discovery and clinical development of peptide drugs. Many endogenous peptides activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) — nearly fifty GPCR peptide drugs have been approved to date, most of them for metabolic disease or oncology, and more than 10 potentially first- in-class peptide therapeutics are in the pipeline. The majority of existing peptide therapeutics are agonists, which reflects the currently dominant strategy of modifying the endogenous peptide sequence of ligands for peptide-binding GPCRs. Increasingly, novel strategies are being employed to develop both agonists and antagonists, and both to introduce chemical novelty and improve drug-like properties. Pharmacodynamic improvements are evolving to bias ligands to activate specific downstream signalling pathways in order to optimise efficacy and reduce side effects. In pharmacokinetics, modifications that increase plasma-half life have been revolutionary. Here, we discuss the current status of peptide drugs targeting GPCRs, with a focus on evolving strategies to improve pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate a wide range of signalling processes and are targeted by one third of drugs in clinical use1. Although most GPCR-targeting therapeutics are small molecules2, the endogenous ligands for many GPCRs are peptides (comprising 50 or fewer amino acids), which suggests that this class of molecule could be therapeutically useful. -
Vasopressin, Norepinephrine, and Vasodilatory Shock After Cardiac Surgery Another “VASST” Difference?
Vasopressin, Norepinephrine, and Vasodilatory Shock after Cardiac Surgery Another “VASST” Difference? James A. Russell, A.B., M.D. AJJAR et al.1 designed, Strengths of VANCS include H conducted, and now report the blinded randomized treat- in this issue an elegant random- ment, careful follow-up, calcula- ized double-blind controlled trial tion of the composite outcome, of vasopressin (0.01 to 0.06 U/ achieving adequate and planned Downloaded from http://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article-pdf/126/1/9/374893/20170100_0-00010.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 min) versus norepinephrine (10 to sample size, and evaluation of 60 μg/min) post cardiac surgery vasopressin pharmacokinetics. with vasodilatory shock (Vaso- Nearly 20 yr ago, Landry et al.2–6 pressin versus Norepinephrine in discovered relative vasopressin defi- Patients with Vasoplegic Shock ciency and benefits of prophylactic After Cardiac Surgery [VANCS] (i.e., pre cardiopulmonary bypass) trial). Open-label norepinephrine and postoperative low-dose vaso- was added if there was an inad- pressin infusion in patients with equate response to blinded study vasodilatory shock after cardiac drug. Vasodilatory shock was surgery. Previous trials of vasopres- defined by hypotension requiring sin versus norepinephrine in cardiac vasopressors and a cardiac index surgery were small and underpow- greater than 2.2 l · min · m-2. The “[The use of] …vasopressin ered for mortality assessment.2–6 primary endpoint was a compos- Vasopressin stimulates arginine ite: “mortality or severe complica- infusion for treatment of vasopressin receptor 1a, arginine tions.” Patents with vasodilatory vasodilatory shock after vasopressin receptor 1b, V2, oxy- shock within 48 h post cardiopul- tocin, and purinergic receptors monary bypass weaning were eli- cardiac surgery may causing vasoconstriction (V1a), gible. -
Denufosol for Cystic Fibrosis with Mild Lung Disease December 2009
Denufosol for cystic fibrosis with mild lung disease December 2009 This technology summary is based on information available at the time of research and a limited literature search. It is not intended to be a definitive statement on the safety, efficacy or effectiveness of the health technology covered and should not be used for commercial purposes. The National Horizon Scanning Centre Research Programme is part of the National Institute for Health Research December 2009 National Horizon Scanning Centre News on emerging technologies in healthcare Denufosol for cystic fibrosis with mild lung disease Target group a • Cystic fibrosis with mild lung disease (FEV1 ≥75% of predicted normal). Technology description Denufosol (Denufosol tetrasodium, INS37217) is a second generation pyrimidine that has agonistic activity on the purinocepter Y2 (P2Y2) receptor. Stimulation of the P2Y2 receptors on the apical surface of the respiratory epithelium activates alternative chloride channels and enhances mucosal hydration and mucociliary clearance through increased chloride secretion, reduced sodium absorption and increased cilia beat frequency. Denufosol is administered at 60mg three times daily by inhalation via a nebuliser and is intended to be used as a primary or adjunctive therapy in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. Innovation and/or advantages Denufosol is a new class of drug with a novel mechanism of action, which may help slow the deterioration in pulmonary function associated with CF. Developer Inspire Pharmaceuticals (originator). EU licensee to be determined. Availability, launch or marketing dates, and licensing plans Denufosol is a designated orphan drug in the EU and USA. NHS or Government priority area This topic is relevant to The National Service Framework for Long-Term Conditions (2005) and The National Service Framework for Children, Young People and Maternity Services (2004). -
Patent Application Publication ( 10 ) Pub . No . : US 2019 / 0192440 A1
US 20190192440A1 (19 ) United States (12 ) Patent Application Publication ( 10) Pub . No. : US 2019 /0192440 A1 LI (43 ) Pub . Date : Jun . 27 , 2019 ( 54 ) ORAL DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPRISING Publication Classification DRUG IN THE FORM OF NANOPARTICLES (51 ) Int . CI. A61K 9 / 20 (2006 .01 ) ( 71 ) Applicant: Triastek , Inc. , Nanjing ( CN ) A61K 9 /00 ( 2006 . 01) A61K 31/ 192 ( 2006 .01 ) (72 ) Inventor : Xiaoling LI , Dublin , CA (US ) A61K 9 / 24 ( 2006 .01 ) ( 52 ) U . S . CI. ( 21 ) Appl. No. : 16 /289 ,499 CPC . .. .. A61K 9 /2031 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 9 /0065 ( 22 ) Filed : Feb . 28 , 2019 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 / 209 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 9 /2027 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31/ 192 ( 2013. 01 ) ; Related U . S . Application Data A61K 9 /2072 ( 2013 .01 ) (63 ) Continuation of application No. 16 /028 ,305 , filed on Jul. 5 , 2018 , now Pat . No . 10 , 258 ,575 , which is a (57 ) ABSTRACT continuation of application No . 15 / 173 ,596 , filed on The present disclosure provides a stable solid pharmaceuti Jun . 3 , 2016 . cal dosage form for oral administration . The dosage form (60 ) Provisional application No . 62 /313 ,092 , filed on Mar. includes a substrate that forms at least one compartment and 24 , 2016 , provisional application No . 62 / 296 , 087 , a drug content loaded into the compartment. The dosage filed on Feb . 17 , 2016 , provisional application No . form is so designed that the active pharmaceutical ingredient 62 / 170, 645 , filed on Jun . 3 , 2015 . of the drug content is released in a controlled manner. Patent Application Publication Jun . 27 , 2019 Sheet 1 of 20 US 2019 /0192440 A1 FIG .