JULY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 351

Climatological Data for July, 1909. DISTRICT No. 8, TEXAS AND RIO GRANDE VALLEY. BERNARDBUNNEMEYER. District Editor. SUMMARY. at Fort McIntosh, Tex. In both the Rio Grande and the The month was warmer than usual throughout the district, Rio Pecos valleys the range of temperature was much especially in Colorado and in much the greater portion of Texas. greater than in the watershecls of the rivers wholly within the The precipitation was generally deficient and there was niore confines of the State of Texas, which may be ascribed to their than the average amount of sunshine. Thunderstorms occurred geographical location and to the topography of the country. with less than the usual frequency in most portions of the clis- Thus, Garnett in the e-utreme upper portion of the Rio Grande trict, although there was a number of severe stornis in New Valley hac1 a mean temperature of 64.6 ", and Fort McIntosh in Mexico, with washouts and some damage by lightning. The the lower portion of that valley, 91.2". In the Rio Pecos Valley most noteworthy event of the month was a tropical disturbance the mean temperature rangecl from 63.2" at Windsor in the which moved inland on the 21st over Brazoria County, Texas, extreme northern to 85.2" at Barstow, in the southern portion. and caused some loss of life and much damage over a broad area No such differences occurred in the watersheds wholly within extending northwestward as far as Travis and Hays counties. Texas, where the lowest monthly mean was 78.8" at Plainview The rainfall for the district as a whole was deficient. There in the extreme upper Brazos River Valley, and the highest, 89.6" was, however, a moderate excess over scatterecl areas in New at Hondo in the Nueces Valley and at Waco in the middle Brazos Mexico, and over a large area in Texas lying south and west of Valley. The diurnal range of temperature was least on the the Colorado River. The excess in New Mexico was due to local Gulf coad and increased toward the interior. For instance, thundershowers which were of almost daily occurrence and the greatest claily range at Galveston, Tex., was only 12O, yielded widely differing amounts in even nearby localities. The while at Abileiie, Tex., it was 32", and at Magdalena, N. Mex., excess in Texas was caused by heavy rains attending the tropical as much as 52". The warmest weather of the month occurred storm of July 21. from about the 8th to the 18th. During this period temperatures The precipitation over the Rio Grade watershed was less of 100" and over occurrecl on consecutive days in many portions than the normal, except over its course in Texas from southern of Texas and New Mexico. After the 18th the day temperatures El Paso County to Binney County. Over the estreme upper became less trying, but the weather continued warm, and there portion, in Coloraclo, the aniounts rangecl froni 0.70 inch at was no perceptible change in the night temperature. In portions Blanca to 1.81 inches at San Luis. Over that poi-t.ion situated of the lower Rio Grande Valley the temperature exceeded 100" within New Mexico the variation was much greater, ranging almost claily throughout the month. The highest reading re- from a trace at Los Lunas to over 3 inches in several locali- corded was 110" on the 11th in the Rio Pecos Valley, at Carlsbad, ties. While the irrigation streams were generally low, they N. Mes., am1 at Barstow and Fort Stockton, Tex. On the carried sufficient water to fill clitches, but long stretches of the same clay the lowest temperature of the month, 39", occurred in Rio Grande were dry below Albuquerque after the niidclle of the the upper Rio Grande Valley, at Chama, N. Mex. month. From the southern portion of El Paso County to Iiin- REPORT OF THE TEXAS HURRICANE OF JULY 21, 1909. ney County in Texas, the rainfall was greater than over any This disturbance was first observed on the morning of July 18, other stretch of the Rio Grande and rangecl from 3 to over 5 1909, being then apparently central over western Cuba and inches, the greatest reported being 5.70 inches at Del Rio, while moving in a northwesterly direction into the Gulf of Mexico. below Binney County it was considerably less than two inches. It! remainecl in the Gulf for over three days steadily approaching In the Rio Pecos watershed there was less variation in the rain- the Texas coast at the rate of about 10 miles per hour. By fall than in that of the Rio Grancle. In general there was a 7 a. in. of July 21 it was central at a distance of perhaps 30 gradual increase in the monthly aniounts from north to south, miles south southeast of Galveston, whence it moved inland ranging from less than 1 inch in the upper to over 5 inches in the over Brazoria and Wharton counties, breaking up on the fol- lower Rio Pecos Valley. Throughout the watersheels of the San lowing day in southwest Texas near the middle Rio Grande. Antonio and Guadalupe rivers, and of the niidclle and lower portions of the Colorado River the rainfall was heavy. It was also heavy in the extreme lower valleys of the Brazos ancl Trinity rivers, and over limited areas of the Nueces. There was a general ancl in many localities niarkecl cleficiency over the water- sheds of the upper Colorado, upper ancl micldle Brazos and Trinity, and of the entire Neches ancl Saline rivers. The least monthly amount was a trace at Dallas and at Weatherforcl in the upper Trinity Valley, ancl the greatest was 9.81 inches at Kerrville in the estreme upper Guaclalupe Valley. Most of the heavy precipitation occurred during the short period froni the 21st to the 23d. It caused a temporary rise in the rivers, but notwithstanding, the rivers carried much less than the average volume of water. The only exception was the Guaclalupe whose mean depth of water for the month averaged slightly above the FIG.l.-Path of Tesm storm of July 18-22,1909. normal. The path of the storm is shown on the accompanying fig. 1 The excess of teinperature was greatest over the headwaters froni the clay it was first announced to the day it finally dissi- of the Trinity River, where it averaged over 4" per clay, and the patecl. Warnings were issuecl daily from the Central Office of least over portions of the upper Rio Grande Valley, with an the Weather Bureau at Washington, D. C., and shipping and average of less than 1". other interests at all Gulf and Atlantic ports were kept constantly The monthlv mean temDerature in the various localities of informed of the progress of this disturbance. In consequence the district r&ged from 6i.2" at Windsor, N. Mex., to 91.2" there were Dractically no marine disasters, but the damage- on

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC 352 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY,1909 land was unavoidably great. It is estimated that the t,otal direction of least resistance, the cause of the course pursued by damage in Texas exceeded $2,000,000.00, and 41 persons are this clisturbance can readily be understood from the weather reported to have lost their lives in this storm. Fig. 2 shows condit.ions prevailing in the Gulf and At,laiit,icdistricts. the storm-swept area, prepared from the best data avail- The lowest corrected barometric reading on the Gulf of able. The destructive force of the wind was greatest near the Mexico, 29.08 inches, was observed on the 8. 8. Paraguay at coast and diminished as the storm niovecl inland. The waves 10 a. in., July 20. The lowest corrected reading on land, 29.00 also did much damage. At Galveston the Gulf rose to a height inches, was observed at Bay Cit.y at 2.30 p. ni., July 21. The of 10 feet above the normal, and to the westward it rose still masiniuiii at which the center of the storm appears to have higher, submerging the entire western portion of Galveston passed a given point has been estimated at one hour. This Island and many miles of the main land. At Velasco the tide woulcl make the diameter of the center 10 miles, but it is proba- was reported 3 feet higher than during the great Galveston ble that the diameter increased rapidly over land and was much storm of 1900. This is probably correct as the cent,er of this smaller over the Gulf. storm passed over Velasco, while that of the 1900 storm passed At! the time of the storm the writer was on duty at Galveston, over Galveston, or about 40 miles farther to the northeast. and from that place subniitrted the following immediate report Press despatches gave accounts of many narrow escapes froin .to the Chief of the Weatlicr Bureau: a watery grave. The t.ropical storm of July 21,1909,from a comnirrcial a.3 well a3 rmidential point. of view haw proven of the utmost importance to the city of Galveston. It was a vcry sat.isfwtory test of the protect.ion of the wa wall which way hilt dter the dmtrucbire hurricane of 1900. Not a single life wm lost wit.hin the protected area and the clainagc to property was only noniinal, consisting prinripnlly of broken trees, fences and windows, and other minor lousc~. 0ut.ide of the sea wall cveryt.hing esposed to the wind and waves n7a.s either dwt.royed or suffered severely. Among the property completely lo.& werc two batliing pavilions, two fishing piers letding out from the sea wall, sever:tl structures near the beach beyond the western t,erniinus of t.he sea w:ill, and two fishing piers on the jetties several miles east of Galvest.on. One other bathing pavilion was batlly damaged.

FIG.3.-Sea wall and pavilion at Chlveston, Tes. The riprap at. thr bottom and the curvcd face of the wall break the force of the waves. The pavilion wm dcstroyed by thestorni of July 21,1909. The railroad bridge over the bay suffered to some extent, and traffic as well as telegraphic and telephonic communication was interrupted. Wash- outa occurred in several pluces. The total damage is estimated at $lOO,OOO., and may possibly be greater. The two fishing piers on the jetties were occupied on the clay of the storm. FIG.2.-The limits of damage in the area visited by the Tesa.3 storin The occupants of one of these piers were taken off before it wa.9 demolished; of July 31, 1909. t.hose of the other picr, consisting of 11 persons, went down with the struc t.iire, not, however, until after several hcroic efforts had been made to save The storm was acconipanied by heavy precipitation over the them. Seven of the 11 occupanh were picked up alive on the following day southern half of the State of Tesas, escept the lower Rio Grade Iiy searching parties at a distance of 25 miles from the pier; three were picked up dead, and one is still unaccounted for and probably lost. Valley which received no moisture. At Hallettsville the rainfall There wn.3 no damage to shipping, escept that a few small bosky were lost. from this storm amounted to 8.50 inches, and at Iierrville to The sloop Ellen, a fishing boat, wa.3 towed into port. after the storm, with 8.84 inches, which was the heaviest reported. Salt water was niasts and rigging gone. Her captain, who was in a small boat at the time, carried inland for many miles. At Bay City, which is about was lost., struck by the booin during a gust of wind, m he was trying to board his sloop. He was probably instantly killed. The situation may be 20 miles from Matagorcla Bay, the precipitation had a distinctly suiiiiiirrl up RJ follows: Four persons dead sild one person unaccounted for, salty taste. There are no reports as to the occurrence of light- property loss about $lOO,OOO, nearly all of which occurred outside of the ning and thunder, although a few claim to have seen faint sea wall. flashes of lightning. The first announcrnient of the approarh of this storm was received at this office at 12:5i p. ni., July 18, 1909, the advisory mewage coming from For several days preceding the approach of the hurricane the Washington through New Orleans. This wm followed by further advisory barometric pressure was above the nornial over the eastern imsages received 1 :05 p. ni., JulylO, and 9:45 a. m., July 20, the last niesragr half of the country. From July IS to 21 a mrll-definecl area of being to the effect that the disturlmncc was apparently over the central Gulf high pressure advanced slowly southeastward over the Great moving northward. Shipping interests and the public were kept thoroughly postcd by telephone, hulletins,and the prm, and I do not believe that on July Lakes and the Ohio Valley, while in Tesas and neighboring 20 thrre was a single ncws-resding person in the city who was not aware of this States the weather had been for over two weeks, and was then, storm. The wcather m-a.3 fine on July 19. and the sunset of that. day was imusuallv warm. Assuming that storms follow a Dath in the beautiful, showing in succession nearly all the colors of the rrunbow over Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC JULY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER. REVIEW. 353 the greater portion of the sky. The %h, which was the day before the It is my opinion that much of this drizzle was spra driven in from the Gulf. storm, opened clear. Toward noon a cirrus haze began to overspread the It waa subsequently found that nearly all tm anJshrubbery, exce t palms, sky, which became slowly denser during the afternoon and gradually withered on the windward side, the leaves appearing xorched as\y a fire merged into alto-stratus clouds. By nightfall the sky was overcast, but and dropping off. It is believed that this phenomenon waa caused by the later cleared, with clouds remaining in the eastern horizon. The wind ww action of salt water carried inland by the wind. light until 7:OO p. m. when it shifted to the northeast, increasing in force and The action of the barometer is best shown by the barograph tracing, coming in mild gusts. At S:40 p. ni., the wind became north, but continued fig. 5. gusty. The highest velocity to midnight was 26 miles. There was a heavy A correction of 0.05 inch should be applied to this tracing. Half hourly sea swell and the Gulf was unusually high. Ixwonieter reading4 were, however, taken by Mr. H. H. Martin, with the following result:

~arometer! Barometer redged redtced Timr. I Time. I 8el lercl. I I sealevel. I I . i-p I ~- I- 790%.m ...... 29.70 11:00a. m ...... 29.58 1:3fis.m...... 29.74 11:35a.m ...... 29.63 s:OO a. ni...... I 29.71 '! 14:OO noon ...... / 29.64 &::Ea. 111...... 29.69 i E30 p. m ...... 29.68 0:01 a. m...... I 29.u5 I 2:mo. m ...... I 29.75 9:JOs.m ...... ! 29.14 I ?:15p.m ...... 111:Ufi a. m...... 4:Gp.m ...... 29.83 10:30 a. m...... I i;:;! '1 3:30 p. m...... 29.83 I 4:05 p. m ...... - ...... I .__ _. .- - I 29.86- The low& pmsure was 29.557 inches at 10:05 a. m. From the direction d t.hc wind, which was successively N., NE., E. and SE., it appem that the cent.er of the storm pawed s0ut.h of Galveston. Prrs dispatches later liad it t.liat there were t.wo storms nt Velawo, Brazoria County, and at Bay City, Mat.agorda C.!ount.y, the first coming from the north and the second from the south. This indicates that the storm center moved inland nver FIG.4.-The sea wall at Galveston, Tcs.; length, 19,594 fcct; height, 17 fcrt Vclasco and Bay Cit.y, and that it. pawed about 25 miles south of Galv&on. above mean low tide; cost, $1,395,3i5. The Gulf, it. is estimated, rope to ?height of near1 10 feet abovethenormal and the entire western port.ion of Galveston Islanc?wss under water, drown- The wind continued north throughout thc night and until SA0 a. ni., July ing a large number of catt.le and hogs. Volumes of water dashed over the 21, when it became northeast, gaining steadily in force with frequent violent. sea wall and flooded successively the lower portions of the cit.y. It wm gusts. Immediately after the morning observation, at i:15 a. m., storm after 200 p. ni. before this wat.er finally disappeared through the drainage warnings were displaycd. but the halyards parted at about. 9:OO a. 111. froni PIP-. the inimense strain to which they were subjected. At 1O:P a. m. the wind The local office of the Weather Bureau wa.q hakged by anxious inquirers shifted to the east, and at 10:50 a. m. attained a velocity of 6s miles prr hour during the cnt,irc day. From 4:OO a. ni. until 7:OO a. m: Messrs. Scott and for five minutes. During this high velocity a gust of one niiniitd durrition Martin answered all tclephone cds, and after 7:OO a. ni. Mr. W.P. Stewart occurred at the rate of 7s miles per hour. At ll:40 a. ni. the mind bccanic was kept constantly busy at the telephone, advising people in the threakned southeast and continued in that quadrant until after the storm. At ll:G scctioiis to niove into town to safer places, and that no assurance could be a. m., one of the mires connecting with the anemometer snapped :it the given unt.il after the baroniet~crshould begin to rise. Thousands of people binding post and for l2i minutes there wsa blank in the wind record. The camc down town nnd sought refuge in the count court house, public library, anemometer, however, showed that during thiq period the wind trm-eled hotels and office lmlidings, the police and fire dpartments assisting in con- 14 miles. At about 12335 p. in., there was a markcd decresse in the violence veying them to safety. Our own officc building was crowded from top to of the wind and from this time on it leswncd steadily but slowly. At 2:OO IJOttmi. nuring the height of the storxii the largest office window was p. m. the wind record wa again broken, but this time it w.2~found to be due blown in, the therniogr:iph ixp.wt, and the station maximum thermometer to the mechanism of the anemometer dial, and the cstra anrniometer was hoken. substituted, which cured the defectivc rccord. Four special reports of the progress of the storm were sent to your office nnd one to New Orleans, but it is feared that. some of them failed to reach .. t,heir destinat.ion in time, as comniuxucation was cut off. Two messages, -4 6 8 IO XI1 2 4 6 8 10-Mr2 4 6 8 IO XI1 2 4 6 8 IOM 2 4 6 8 IO XI1 2 h0t.h sent from your office on July 21, did not reach this office until the following day. The entire station force behaved admirably under trying circumstmcee. The following are extracts from reports received, which throw much adclitioiial light upon the estent and severity of this tropical storm: REPORT OF YR. W. F. BERG, MASTER OF THE S. S. PARAGUAY. The following is n brief description of a liurricanc which we encounkEd in the Gulf of h4csicu during our I&, voyage from Sabine Pats, Tex., to Marcw Hook, Pa. Re left Sabine Pass on July IS, at G p. m. We had noticed storm sign& set indicating that. :L storm ww cxpeckd from the southeast. The weather was t.hcn clear, wit.h a fresh southeast breeze and moderate sea. These con- ditions continued until shortly aft,cr noon of the following day, when the wind came from the northward. By 8 p. m., the wind had increased in force t.o a strong gale, with very high sea and cloudless skies. Our latitude at noon was 23" 37' nort.11, longitude 91" 16' Wmt. At midnight the skies had become overcast,, the wind and sea rcmaining t.he same as at 8 p. m. July 20, 8 a. m., the wind wa~still from the northward, blowing a strong gale, wit,h frequent heavy squalls, heavy rain and a heavy cross sea. At 10 a. m.,the wind diet1 away altoget.Iier. The sky continued overcast, but much lighter than before, and the sea was very much confused although not very dangerous. At. 11 a. m., t.he baroniet.er read 39.10 inches (low&) FIG.5.-Barograni during the storm of July 31, 1909. mid the wind sprang up from the sout,hward blowing full hurricane force, accompanied by very heavy rain, I&ing until nearly 4 p. m. without a nuring the day the sky wm covered with low stratus cloiirls and scud perceptible break. About 4 p. m.,the weather becanie squally, the s ualls which moved rapidly with thc surface mind. Rain occurred from 5:11 a. m. gradu:tlly becoming less violent., with longer intervala until ac midniglt we to 5:s a. ni. and froni 5:45 a. m. to 12:40 p. m.,Iiut most of the time it wag were able to proceed on our course, the wind at that time being a strong a very light driving drizzle. The total precipitation for the day waq 0.50 inch. southeast breeze with a clear sky and a rough sea. Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC 354 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY, 1909 The following barometer readin ~gswere taken during the disturblance: had died out and the barometer returned to 30.2 inches. The rainfall was Inch Inches. excessive during the st,orm. A tub I put out was blown away, and there July 19, 4:OO p. m...... 30.0s July 20, 2:30 p. ni...... 29.55 were very few things that were not blown away. A neighbor had a pail July 19, 8:OO p. m...... 29.98 July 20,3:00 p. ni...... 29.61 in a tree which was filled (about 12 inches). The country here is very flat, July 19, Midnight...... 29.92 July 20, 3:30 p. ni...... 29.66 but water filled the roads and fields until the ground was out of sight under July 20, 4:OO a. m...... 29.81 July 20, 4:OO p. ni...... 29.70 several inches of water. Evidently the center of the storm pamed east of July20, 8Wa. m ...... 29.43 July 20,4:30 p. in...... 29.70 Bay City, but probably not far. Destruction to building was very great in July 20, 1O:OO a. m...... 29.10 July 20, 5:OO p. m...... 29.65 this city and east of the Colorado River, but there was not much damage July 20, 12 Noon...... 29.13 July 30, 5:30 p. ni...... 29.66 west of that river. July 20,12:30 p. m...... 29.30 July 20, 5:50 p. m...... 29.75 A friend from Rock Island, near Eagle Lake, reported that the wind there July 20, 1:OO p. m ...... 29.36 July 20, 6:50 p. ni...... 29.83 started in from the north when there was a lull for nearly an hour. It then July 20, 1:30 p. m...... 29.44 July 20, 7:lO p. in...... 29.68 shifted to the south and was very destructive. Evidently the center of the July20, 2Wp. m ...... 29.50 July !20,8:50 p. m...... 29.90 storm passed over that place. The foregoing readin were taken from Im aneroid barometer, which wm REPORT OF MR. C. R. SWISSHELM, BAY CITY, TEX. compared with a stangrd barometer at Philadelphia, Pa., and found to read 0.02 inch too high. The morning of July 21 dawned cloudy, with light rain and very litt.le wind. About 9:30 or 1O:OO a. ni., the wind became stronger and at noon REPORT OF THE STORM AT ANGLETON AND VELASCO, BY MR. W. P. commenced to tear down awnings and signboards. About 1:30 p. m., our STEWART. hotel, which was a large frame building, began to rock and we moved to a small brick building across the street and remained there for probably one On the way to Velasco the effecta of this storm were first seen at Danbury, half hour, when the wall of the opera house next door gave way and fell Tex. a village about 20 miles north of Velasco. At this place two buildings through the roof of our shelter, but the wooden ceiling held the brick long had keen blown down. enough to allow us to escape. We then moved to another brick buildin At Angleton, a town of 800 inhabitants, about 15 miles north-northwest immediately adjoining, but left it in about five minutes, because its roof of Velasco about onehalf the houses had been destroyed, many of them blew off. We then retreated to the building which contained the posboffice. substantiai brick structures. Of the buildings left standing nearly all had The walls of this building held, but all its windows were blown in. The been more or 1- damaged. The debris was strewn toward the north-north- storm ceased about 6:30 p. m. The damage was all done between noon and west. I was informed that high northerly wind prevailed during the fore- 6 p. m. noon of July 21. It shifted to the southeast and south about 12:30 p. ni. I was slightly confused in the poinh of the cornpas, but to the best of my and immediately attained hurricane force. There was some clearing of the knowledge the wind began from the northwest nnd gradually shifted to the sky as the center passed, but only a slight lull in the wind. Rebuilding iH west, south, and southead. There was no lull during the storm. The bemg pushed rapidly at this place. ve1ocit.y of the wind was estimated by several people at about 110 miles per On the way from Angleton to Velasco the wrecks of many farm buildings hour, and that is also niy estimate. The wind was strong enough to pick were seen. Apparently the newer houses were left standing. In the timber up pieces of wood 6 inches in diameter and 3 feet long and hurl them through along the Braeos River Valley many trees were uprooted or broken off. the air. It rained incewantly, but t.here wag no lightning or thunder, and Those at the bottom were from the northeast, those on top from the south- the water that fell had a dist.inct taste of salt and stung the eyes. The wind east or south. Corn stalks and other light debris invariably lay from the came in gwts and in several inst.anceu knocked holm in brick walls, but left. south showing that the last blow was from that direction. the walk standing. Several buildings had t.he front blown in and the rcar At telasco, which had been a town of 600 people, apparently onehalf of blown out. the town was destroyed. Here the wind was nearly as strong from thc The warehouse and cobton gin district was completely wiped out. Many north as from the south. The storm-warning tower of the Weather Bureau residences were blown off their foundat.ion, but were otherwise not seriously was wrecked before the wind shifted to the south. There was a calm of damaged. The frame buildings seemed t.0 sufferlrss than the brick. There about 45 minutea at the center, and for a few minutes the sun came out. was scarcely a frame house left standing between Bay City and Wharton. The wind shifted to south about 12:30 p. ni. Of the buildings left standing The town of Van Vleck had only three houses left standing and they were a large number leans toward the north. It is said that at Velasco the tide badly damaged. was 3 feet higher than during the great storm in 1900. It, is evident that the earlier estimate that the storm center passed about 25 milm south of REPORT OF MR. F. P. LUND, MIDFIELDS, TEX. Galveston was approximately correct. The center of the storm pased overEl Campo, Tes., wherethere wasalull REPORT OF MR. R. B. LOGGINS, COLUMBIA, TES. in the wind from about 420 p. m. t.0 4:M p. m., when the wind blew from On July 21 we had two storms at this place with a lull between thcm z nearly opposite direction. lasting from onehalf to threequartera of an hour-long enough for us to At Midfields, the wind conimenced to blow from the north and gradually come from our retreat to the how, serve dinner and eat. These stornis shifted to the southwcrst. came from directly opposite directions, the fornier froni a little west of north, My aneroid baromet.er read 30.24 inchcs in the morning and by 1 p. m. and the latter, which was the more severe, from a little east of south. had fallen to 29.53. At two O'ClOCli it read 29.33 and remained stationary Both were severe. The former prostrated shade trees and fences, and ~11- until 3 p. ni., when it raw to 29.45. At four o'clock, it again fell to 29.33, roofed houses, and the latter tore down whatever was Icft. There IVM no but by 5 p. m. had riscn to 29.45 and eont.inued to rise until it read 30.24 loss of life in this community. One negro woman on my place was hurt, inches. but not seriously. All tenant and outhouses were destroyed, but the dwell- Nom:-The aneroid barometer used by Mr. Lund in his obscrvations ing was left standing, though wet and somewhat knocked out. seems to read from 0.2 to 0.3 inch too high. REPORT OF MRS. MARY A. STEVENS, BRAZORIA, TES. REPORT OF DR. J. E. LAY, HALLE'ITSVILLE, TEX.

The storm in the morning was northwest by north. After 10 a. m. it The storm of July 21 W'BR the worst ever known in t.his community. I increased suddenly in violence. About noon there was a lull for alnimt one have been a mident here since 1x50 and not.hing like it has been known in hour; then the return wind struck fast and fierce-seeniingly wow than in my experience. I haw mensured the rainfnll since 1872 and have never IQCNl-decidedly worn than in the morning. It lasted until 4 p. in. During known more t,lian 6 inches t.o fall in one st.orni, but. on this occasion there the afternoon the wind blew mainly from the south and southwest. At fell Y.5 inches before it ceased. The wind must, have blown at least 55 or 60 1090 a. m., the rain gage blew over and the amount of rainfall lim been miles per hour. The velocity is only cst.imat.ed as I have no anemometer, eatimated. but taking into consideration t.he damage done to crops, outhouses, wind- niills and other things in general, it mwt have reached or exceeded that REPORT OF MR. E. C. QUEREAU, BAY CITY, TEX. velocity. I forward you a few data on the recent West Indian hurricane as observed From the despatches from Galvnton, the et.orm center must have struck by me at Bay City, Tex. I have a compensated aneroid barometer of the coast between that city and Corpus Christ.i and if it did, it must have En lish make and noted that it registered 30.2 inches at S a. ni. My baronie been deflertcd inland and to the northward. I judge so from the course the ter%aa not been compared with a mercurial for a long time, but by watching wind took at this place which evidently shows that the storm center ped the isobars on the weather maps, I judge that it reads about 0.2 too high. east of us between t.his place and Houston. However, I will give you actual readinp. On the 20th the baromctcr began to fall, the temperature being about 100". At about 12 m. of the 21st, it had fallen to 29.5 inches, with a strong Press despatches showed that a storm was in the east Gulf and I feared it wind blowing from the north. At 1 p. m. it read 29.3 inches, and the wind would come this way for the wlioln of Texas was a seething furnace wit.h shifted to north of west. At 230 p. m. it read 29.2 inches, the lowest point the barometer comparatively low. I st,ated thee fa& to my friends and reached, with wind from the west, increasing to a terrific gale, which was my prediction was correct. estimated at from 70 to 75 miles per hour. The barometer remained at About 3 p. m. of the 2lst, the wind freshened from a northerly direction, 29.2 inches until about 3:30 p. m., when it began to rise slowly. The wind with an already cloudy sky, and continued to gain in ve1ocit.y. The baronie shifted to southwest and later to south, but did not slacken perceptibly for ter continued to fall and by 5 p. m., the storm was upon us increasing in half an hour after the barometer began to rise. By 5:30 p. m. the wind force until about 8:30 p. m., when t,he barometer ceased to fall, remained Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC JULY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 355 stationary for a few ninutes, and then began to rise with pat rapidity. total darkness prevailing, this was the most awful night I have ever experi- After this the wind slowly abated and by 9;30 p. m. had shifted, by way of enced. The m& consoling thought is that there was no loss of life. wt& and south, to the southeast where it dled away. From the course the wind took, I suppose the center passed east and toward the interior, north- REPORT OF JULIUS LAUX, FLATONIA, TEX. ward of us. During the storm of July 31, both my thermometer shelter and raingage During the entire storm, the rain fell in torrents putting the water courses were blown over, but I am glad to say were not dama ed, although I lost up very high. The damage to crops is very great, but can not be accurately my rainfall record. The storm was very severe. Consi!erable damage was estimated at this time. done to shade trees and store buildingq but very little to dwelling. A num- With the tempest howling, the rain beating through every place t.hou ht ber of outhouses and barns was blown down. Some private rain gagea to be secure, the trees crashing and now and then torn up by the roots tfat which heretofore agreed clmely with mine showed 5.75 inchea of precipi- had held them mure against every storm for a hundred years or more, and tation.

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC 356 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY, 1909

TABLEI.-Clinialological didn for July, 1909. Dixlrirt No. 8, Texas and Rio Grniide I-alley. . -_- ...... _ ' .~ _. 1 1 2 I Temprmture. in degrees Falirrnhrit. Preclpltation, ln Inches. ' $ Sky. g cz I; Stations. -7 0: LT g: -I <.' -.____ I ,I - _ - - cobrado. I! ,I 1 I Am&t (near)...... Minerd...... 8,730 ...... 1 ...... I ....I ...... I ...... Blama...... Costilla...... 8.403 I..:.; 65.i ...... wl 40 28 45 0.70 , 0.26 0.0 5 13 19 0 Cumbres...... Conejos...... 10.fl15 ...... I ...... I::::::::\ ...... Garnett...... Coatilla ...... 7.576 411 11 I 49 I 0.95 - 0.25 n.so 0.0 5 S 22 1 SW. Hermit...... Hinsdale...... 9.843 ...... I ...... La Veta Fasa...... Costllla...... 9,000 ...... 0.80 0.0 5 16 S 7 W. Manassa...... conejos...... 7,700 ...... Platoro...... do...... 9. Li75 ...... Sagusebe...... Saguache...... 7.740 ...... San Luis...... Costllla...... 7.794 0.0 13 15 16 U SW. Wagon Wheel Gap ...... Mineral...... 5,434 10 ...... New Menco. A ultural College ...... Dona Ana ...... 3.863 43 ' 81.3 + 0.4 1m 12 64 6 39 0.il '- 1.13 0.0 0 7 23 1 SW. N. M. Aerie. College. Acogordo ...... Otero...... ins'io 61 1 36 v.62 ...... n. n 2 9 I9 3 SW. Jas. C. Dunn. (near) 9; 80.2 A,. Alamogordo ...... do...... I I.il ...... I 0.0 4 ...... ?\gent E. P. & S. W. R. R. n.83 0.0 6 15 11 n 8. Universit of N. Albuquerque...... Bernalillo...... 5. ?oO I'34 I n.6= + 2.4 imJ.ii we 15 36. - 0.31 M. Amlrett...... Taos...... 9.018 ....I ...... i ...... 1.781 ...... 0.0 13 8 20 3 W. Cieo. W. Jaws. Ancho...... Lincoln...... 6.112 ...... 3.00!...... n. 0 5 ...... 4gent E. P. 88.W. R. R. Aspen Grove Ranch...... Rto Arrlba...... 9.noO ...... 0. n 4 ...... Junius D. Maupin. I (I. I? 12 Bateman Ranch...... do...... 8. gn0 ...... 0 12 7 W. John W. Bateman. I1 Bluewater ...... Valencla...... 6.732 45 29 48 ~ 1.63 ...... 0.47 0. 13 15 3 v. Bluewater Developm't Co Bluewater Reservoir...... do...... 9. OOO ...... 1.7.5 ...... 1.M n. 0 4 24 I 0 n' . nn. Bonn ...... Chaves ...... 4.154 58 1st 39 1.5i ...... 0.82 n. n 5 15 13 3 se. Capitan ...... Llncoln ...... 2.27' ...... n.50 o. 0 13 14 15 2 ...... Cerlsbad ...... Eddy ...... 15 S2.0 + 3.0 110 11 64 1st 4n 3.66 !+ 0.35 1.09 n. 0 9 7 17 7 a@. Carrboro (1) ...... Lincoln ...... 5,429 2 75.5 ...... 11)l 10 57 29 39 2.5s ...... 1.01 n. n 111 26 3 ...... Carrboso (2) ...... do...... 5,43S ...... I ...... 3.65 ...... 1.09 n. 0 10 li 8 5 sw. Chama ...... Rio Arrlha...... 7.851 5' 06.0' ...... 901121. 39 I1 50 ' 2.33 .f0.13 0.70 0.0 8 ?o 10 1 SW. Cloudcroft (1)...... Otero ...... 8.650 71...... I...... I ...... Cloudcroft (2)...... I::: :...... 4.fi9 ,...... 1.20 n. o 13 14 4 13 Corona...... 12.93 ...... 1.110 n. n 5 0 23 S Coy0te...... do...... 5. WO ...... 1.m...... n.55 n. n 6 Cundlyo...... I Ssnta Fe...... I 6. S9 ...... I...... n.m ...... 0.26 n. 0 7 S ?o 3 Demonstration Farm.. .. San Miguel...... 6.800 r3.4.... 1...... 2.72 1:: ...... I.M n. n 7 Duran (1) ...... Torrance...... fi. 272 i ...... 1 100 110 i 40 25 36 . 0.64 I...... ,I 0.15 0.0 8 7 19 20 Duran (2) ...... do...... I 6.272 ....:a,.; i ...... I ...... 1 ...... 1 ...... Edbon Mlne...... Taos...... ,110. OOO .I ....,...... 1.- .i;6. 1...... I ...... Elk (near).. Chaves...... 10 I 6S.S 93 , 11 58 24t 37 ~ 5.84 0.13 2. si n. n 9 6 "2 3 ...... I.. I - Escondldo ...... Otero...... 4.014 ....I ...... I ...... 1.41 .i;03. 0.44 0.0 6 5 15 I1 Ehpaaola ...... Rio Arrlha...... 5.590 :i I 74.9 I + 3.0 88 12 45 ln dR n. 4s 0.37 n. n 3 15 11 5 Torrance.. 6.140 4 : 71.3s:. 102~~i 50s n. 99 I. n. 27 n. n 9 lli 14 1 in 1 49. Estancla...... 1 ...... 1 iot ...... Fort Stanton...... Linroln...... 0.231 7n.3 + 1.2 94 int 4s 1 4n 3.2s I+ 0.31 i.4n n. n 11 17 in 4 Fort Sumner...... Guadalupe...... 3.960 7 79.? ...... 105 11 56 27 4s 1. n6 n. 4s 0. n 7 "R 1 Gdllnas...... Lincoln ...... 16,635 ...... !...... I ...... I .... i...... 1.76 i."'."'...... n. SA n. n in 12 1s 4 Gallinan Plantinn Rtat'n. San Mlguel...... 7.5M 3 66.1 I ...... SO I11 i 43 28 41 5.11 ...... 1.40 (1. n 13 2 24 5 Harvey's Upper Ranch...... do...... 9.4W . .i7 .s: ~...... I...... I 5.41 ...... 1.47 (1. I1 14 7 16 S nw. Simon B. Wsrner. Hlllsboro ...... Rlerra...... 5.224 . 1 + 1.4 IO?* 13 1.26 - 0.95 n. :m n. 0 7 24 7 n w. J. M. Webster. Hodm...... Taos...... 8.484 ...... 2.63 ...... n. 87 n. n S IF 4 11 nw. Ralph W. Johnson.. Rondo Reservoir...... Chaves...... 3,904 79.6 ...... 107 11. 6? 2t 39 2.62 ...... 1.07 0.0 6 19 9 3 SW. U. S. &clamation Srrv. Hope ...... Eddy ...... N. L. Johnson. Hopewell ...... Rlo Arribn...... 9.5N ...... n. ~3 n. 29 n. n 10 3 19 9 aw. John T. Blant.on. Laguna ...... Valencia...... 5. S4n ...... 54 5t 43 1.45 I: : :: : : : : n. gn n. n 4 in 6 I5 w. ! Gus Weiss. La nlta ...... Guadalupe ...... 4.5M 56' ! 30 31e n. 05 ...... I 0. ax n. n .s 93 5 3 sw. ' P. A. Turnbull. La%uerts...... Eddy...... 3.1 I1 ...... 3.67 1.14 n. n 5 IF 12 3 w. D. Barrlay Sutherland. Lake Valley ...... Slerra...... 5.415 ...... I 1. 42 n. 2s n. n 12 n 311 1 xn-. Wm. P. Peil. Lss Vegaa...... San Mlguel...... 6.3S4 44 16 4s 1.53 0. 42 0.0 11 911 in 1 s. Dr. Wm. C. Bailey. Loa Lunas (near) ...... Valencis...... 4.9M 57 st, 44 T. r . 0.0 (I I 23 1 ..... Richard Pohl. La Tanos ...... Gundalii pe...... 4.819 ...... 1.95 n. on 0.0 7 8. Agent E. P. & S. W. R. R. Magdalenn...... Socorro...... 1.557 ...... 50 14t 52 3.58 0.90 n. o S 1 30 n W. Win. Fender. Mlneral Hill...... Ban Mlguel...... 7. fL50 ..... 3. 57 1. 13 0.0 7 0 19 6 sw. W. M. Nelson. Monument...... Eddy...... I 3. SnO ...... I ...... Mountalnslr...... Torrance...... 0.547 ...... 51 2.31 n. 52 0. n 0 14 li n Newman ...... Otero...... 3,9SO ...... I ...... 0. 74 0.58 n. 0 3 24 7 0 Noria...... Dona Ana...... 4.414 ...... 1:::: ...... 1.61 o. 8n 0. n 6 6 24 1 Orogrande Otero ...... 4.171 ...... 24 43 n. 17 11. ne n. n 5 5 19 I ...... '..I. I OBcuro (near) ...... Llncoln...... S. 018 ...... 2.11 n. (io 0.0 11 .do.. 5. 016 1.94 (1. $19 n. n 14 fi 12 7 Oseuro (2)...... "6 Otis ...... Eddy ...... 3.100 ...... :I# ...I...... i 3.21 1.14 n. n 6 3 Otto...... Ranta Fe...... 6.200 ....! ...... 1.27 n. i!i 0. o 9 Pastura...... Guadalupe...... 5,285 ...... "" .." I 0.34 u. 14 0. n 3' ?S 0 3 Red Rlver...... Tam...... S. 650 ...... Rlncon...... Dona Ana ...... 4. Wfl 11 w.5 + I.! in6 12 I 60 29 35 1.27 '- 0.6s n. 52 n. n 3 5 11 in e. Rlo Grsnde Darn ...... Sierra...... 4.265 11 I ;i.i + 3.- in6 12 I 61 6 37 2.70 + 0.58 n. 99 n. n 13 7 19 5 Rosedale...... Bocorro...... 6.910 5 , ,n.fi I ...... 93 12 I 53 24 . 32 1.4s ...... 11.59 n. 0 1: 14 6 I1 Roawell ...... Chaves...... 3.578 12 i9.f + 0. 1 105 li? 22 37 1.94 - 1.52 1. (u n. n in 1s 3 8. San Marclal ...... Roeorro...... 4,439 14 io.- I + 2.2 in1 ;; ! ?it 39 ...... 0. n k 9 17 5 . 8811Rafael ...... Valenrla...... 0,509 6 75.0 ...... llKl 14 [ 50 3n 44 3.64 + n.in I. 3s n. n 7 1% In 3 W. Santa Fe ...... Ssnta Fe...... 7.013 6') S + 1.1 !I1 12 : 51 n. ;o 0. n 1fi 7 24 n e. Santa Rosa (1 ) ...... Guadalupe...... 4.624 IE7i:aI ...... i in3 11 58 0. i5 0. n 13 9 22 U S. i Santa Rosa (2) ...... do...... 4.624 ...... I ...... n. so n. o 8 .....I Socorro...... Socorro...... 4.0W 19 j 77.8 + 0.3 !..in- 11 5n n. ai n. n 8 23 7 1 s. Stanley (near) ...... Santa Fe ...... 6.317 ..... 70.6 ...... 97 I? 45 0. 75 0. n 5 I9 4 S ..... Straws...... Dona Ana...... 4.W 11 ...... 0.10 0.0 4 17 9 5 nw. Tam ...... Taos ...... 6.983 13 ...... Taos Canyon...... do...... S. 959 ....I...... I .!: ...... I_...... l.n:39. n. o 10 Tecolote...... Llncoln...... 6.539 ....I ...... I ...... I 3.35 1. io n. n 11 13 11 5 w. Three Rlm...... Otero...... 4.559 ...... ! 1.32 ::::::::I n.m 0. n 111 13 13 5 ..... Do. Torrance...... Torrance...... 6.433 ...... 3.14 ...... 1.20 0.0 S ..... Do. Tree Pledras...... Taos...... S. 076 5 67.0 ...... so,i?t 44 2s 'ii.11.75 ...... 11.65 n. 0 5 14 13 4 sw. Edwh B. Seward. Truchoa ...... Rlo Arriba...... 7.935 ....I.. ,...... 86 I 14t...... 0.95 ...... n. 35 n. o 4 4 27 IJ ..... Ignarlo Cordova. Tulsrosa (1) ...... Okro ...... 4.436 2 ~ 78.8"' ...... ! 1WJl 12 NJd 10 37'' 1. S5 ...... (I. s4 0. n 8 3 27 1 SW. Irby L. Fairless. Tularoas (2) ...... do...... 4.436 I ...... I ...... n. sn ...... I 0. 75 n. 0 4 1: 9 In PW. Agcnt E. P. & S. W. R. R. Vaughn ...... Guadalupe ...... j 2.54 'I...... I. 311 n. n in I I0 5 SW. Do. Wlnsors...... San Miguel...... 9,200 l? , 63.3 I + 4.7 I Do , 14 31 8t, 49 I 5.16 + 0.S.G I 1.26 n. 0 12 4 17 IU Teras. Abtlene ...... Taylor...... 1,735 24 M.8 i + 2.6 I in3 111 I lis IS 35 1.m - 1.31 n.32 n. n fl 9 19 3 Albany...... Shackleford...... 1,429 15 80.0 I + 4.4 I 106 10 65 1st; 34 1.83 - 1.60 1.53 n. n 5 3s 3 0 Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC JULY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 357

TABLEl.-CLiinztoloyicaZ dahfor Ju!y, 1933. Districl No. 8-Continued. - i g, I Temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit. Preripitation, In Inrhes. - j., I - ;; !q eN IsIC I :i .? -7OS 24 '@ ;< ): c*ma 12 :.E g ;:.T -co $2 -E d p: faoa BC I. 0 3 : 4 ;: -i ------TerasCont'd. I Alvin ...... Brssoria...... 49 10 ...... 3.89 - 3.57 1.89 0.0 5 13 13 5 8. F. A. Smith. Anahusel ...... i Chambers ...... 4.33 ...... 1. i3 0.0 6 ...... B. H. Collins. Ailstln...... I Travis...... ti50 23 84. i: - 0.: 9s 11 711 22 22 2.s~+ o.ns 2.62 u. n 11 1s 3 aw. 55.1 3.- IVY 111 66 26 34 1.82 1.3s 1.55 0.0 ; 24 3 4 S. Bdllnger#$...... ! Runnels...... 1.037 1; + - Baratow...... Ward...... 2.573 1.2 ...... 1111 llt 65 23 34 4.50 ...... 1.Sl (1. 0 5 26 3 2 R. Beaumont ...... Teffrrson ...... 29 12 -s.4 + 2,s 99 it 71 20 20 2.54 - 2.16 1.1s 0. 0 8 18 0 15 se. Beeville&#...... : Bee...... ??5 13 w. 5 - 0.6 9Y 17 69 31c 26 4. li + U.?S 1. 62 0. 0 5 ia 12 3 se. Big Springs...... j Howard...... 2.396 7 s5.3 ...... I~Y 04 23 32 0.65 ...... (1. 83 (I. 0 7 S 81 2 5. B. Reagan.' BIancog0...... ; Blanro...... 1.350 I3 54.5 + 1.3 103 ;;t I 22 30 4.84 + 1. 12 3. rjg 0. n 3 22 S 1 8. R. A. Crist. Boerne...... Kendall ...... 1.412 17 ti3. 6 + 2.0 103 int 62 31 37 6.90 + 3.55 R.5(1 0. II 2 20 6 5 8. Booth66...... ! Fort Bend...... Sl 8 ...... 2. 84 ...... 1.29 0.0 I 25 0 6 se...... 9 si. s ...... l(16 llt 71 ?it 30 0.65 ...... n. IG (1. 0 4 16 15 0 0. Craig Anderson. 20 13.6 + 2.2 101 16 72: 9t 29 7.Glll + 1.39 5. MI 0.0 8 27 3 1 8. Mrs. M. A. Stephens...... 2.16 ...... 1.iI9 n. o 3 25 5 1 8W. Robt. E. Boyett. 20 s5.1) + 1.3 100 llt 72 20 25 1.73 - 1.52 1.30 11. 0 5 IO 9 6 we. Mrs. B. F. Sloan...... 0.23 ...... 0. 12 0. I1 2 27 1 3 s. Thos. C. West. 18 $3.8 ...... 92 ?It 73 19 18 0.05 ..... n. ilr, n. II 1 25 5 1 e. G. H.Ritter...... 38 211 s4.4 + 1.8 90 21 i? It 24 1.w -n.~i 1.25 11.0 4 .... a. U. S. Weather Bureau...... 1.342 19 slj. 6 + 3.n 111s 15 69 24t 33 0.47 -l.M n. 14 11. 0 5 50 9 Mra. Pearl Smith. 1 ss. 2 ...... 1116 1s 33 0.03 ...... n. 02 n. n 2 12 1s J. E. Watts. Carmona...... I'oIk...... 1 S4.6 ...... 1113 z 20 35 5.54 ...... 5.3s 0.0 4 16 15 0 8. G. 8. Warner. Claytonville ...... Fisher...... I 2.1W 5 S?. 0 ...... 1u2 Y 82 22 30 1.95 ...... 0. M 0.0 4 12 6 13 e. Wm. Lanius. Coleman...... Coleman...... I. ill1 15 ...... J. H. Tucker. Colorado...... Mitchrll...... I 2.066 15 s4.4: + 1.1 105 lot 66' 23 35. 2.75 - 0.5s n. in 0. (I 8 19 5 6' 8. R. 1.Webb. Columbla...... Brtuoria...... 34 ?I1 SY. 8 + 1.8 101 16 io 9t 31 6.2511 + 2.15 5. Wl 0. n 3 211 9 2 s. R. B. Lo gins. Colurnbussl ...... Colorado ...... 206 5 ...... 5.02 ...... 2. w 0.0 9 13 12 6 8. Mrs. Sopbe Brldge. Comstock ...... Vdverde ...... A. D. Brown. ?? 83.5 + 0,s y" 21 i5 31 15 0.37 - 1.29 n. 29 II. 0 4 1s U. S. Weather Bureau. ?II 88. 2 + 4.5 1115 11 i2 20 29 0.61 - 2.45 0.45 0. n 3 26 1; E. L. Gtbeon. 5 815. S ...... 105 13t 70 20 38 0.6s ...... 0.3s 0. u 7 12 17 A. M. Rencher. 20 titi. 2 + 1.2 104 1st 69 15 31 4.31 + 1.66 1. Y5 n. n 2s 1 H. R. Frobee. 20 Si. 6 + 4.6 101) 31 70 2Ot 31 T. - 3.59 T. 0.0 6 24 0 G. A. Eknlobr. 13 ...... I...... H. P. Hermansen. 3 84.7' ...... 10; 3st 67' 83 34 0. 22 ...... n. Y' n. 0 1 25 a Agent Ft. W. & D. C. Ry. 3 s5. II + 0.3 105 21 70 20 33 5. io + 3.4s 3.53 0.0 5 1s 9 U. 8. Weather Bureau. 11 86. 0 + 5.1 i(ri 13t 68 20 31 n. 63 - 4.75 0.30 0.0 4 21 9 J. V. McKnight. 14 M. 8 + 3.5 10' ?9 2s 1.10 - l.i6 n. 40 0. n 5 1s 12 1 8. Jno. 0. Shafer. 20 85.0 - (1.9 100 E ?3 35 2.79 + 0.05 2.15 n. o 2 15 14 a 8. J. C. Edgar. 20 w.3 + 4.2 107 --.,.I;;I i4 31 30 1.15 - 0.43 n. 75 n. n 2 7 22 2 se. JOB.Metcnlfe...... 6. il ...... 3. Ill1 n. n 1 7 13 11 8. E. L. Falres. 10 ti1.8 + 1.3 105 12 66 24 ?i 1.62 - 0.51 0.35 0. IJ !l 12 li 2 e. U. S. Weather Bureau. 1 ...... H. C. Braden. ... S6. s ...... 10s 161 81 30t 38 1.07 ...... 1.117 11. n 1 1 20 10 0. R. L. Bush. 2 M.4 ...... iir2 llt 6s 17t an ...... 2. rJs n. o 3 26 4 tW. A. Gardner. 1 85. I1 ...... 1113 llit 71 1st; 30 ...... 5. :3n 0. I1 5 12 16 Jullua Laus. 22 55. ti + 0.1: 103 14 711 + 1.12 ?.In 0. u 5 19 r! Post Surgeon. 23 91.2 + 3.s 106 lUt i5 yt ;; - 0.33 0. so (1. 0 4 24 U Do. 4 $1. 6 ...... 110 11 Iw 3 Bi ...... 3.1s n. n 5 4 26 H. H. Butx. 14 si. 4 + 4.5 Ill4 11 72 31 26 - 3.112 n. (12 11. II 1 22 U. 1. Weather Bureau. 20 83.21 + 1.i lo'? 9 lis1 ?Y 311 6. il + 4.56 R. 15 n. u 2 26 4" Arthur Strlegler. 50 ss. II + 6.IJ in6 9t iU ?6t 31 0.12 - 3.83 n. tin n. u 2 J. L. Hlclison. 39 s4. II + 1.0 31 211 72 21 I 15 0.61 - 3.37 11. in n. II 3 15 18 U. S. Weather Bureau. 5 86. 5 ...... 1114 16 70 lti 2s 0.511 ...... 0.50 0.0 1 24 7 John Ryan. 14 SI. 4 + 2.3 1116 16 ill n. 135 - 3.02 11.58 n. n 3 26 4 Prof. R. E. Young. 4 ...... 4.10 ...... 3.66 0.0 4 16 10 5 8. J. M. Johnson. 5 r!S. 6 ...... 109 lllt GI 2.85 ...... 1.55 11. 0 4 ...... C. W. Johnson...... W. C. Bridwell. 19 + 5.0 1uB 0.i: .- 2.S2 0.70 0.0 9 15 16 0 0. W. J. Crowley. 9 ...... 1117 1.35 ...... 0.70 0. n 4 16 (I 15 8. J. P. Regan. 18 + 1.1 1113 1s 73 S.011 + 6.43 S. 51) n. o 4 IS B 5 8. Dr. J. E. Lav. Hankell ...... ' Haskrll...... 4,013 1s ss. 3 + 3.6 ins 11 i0 1.25 - 0.m (I. 61 n. o 3 7 20 4 8. P. D. Saunders. Hebbronville ...... Duvd...... 2 ...... 8. PS ...... 3.22 0.0 (I 1 Henry Ed&. Hempstead$$...... YVdler...... 254 5 ...... 1. a9 ...... 0. MI 0.I1 2 19 4 J. H. Hamock. Henderson...... Rusk ...... 0.0s ...... 0. (I!! 0. u 3 1s 8 M. Hangerga. Hewltt...... I McLennan. 14 ...... 0.50 - 3.14 0.35 0. n 3 I. H. Earle. ..I HIII...... W?S 17 87.8 ...... in3 11 70 11.23 - 2.87 c. 23 n. n 1 Thompeon L Camphrll. 7 ti!l. 6 ...... 103 2.71 ...... 1.53 0.0 2 1s 11 H. E. Hum. 20 + 2.3 10.3 ;; 2.53 - 1.31 n. so 0.0 7 24 0 0.0.Ballard...... J. C. MecWln. .. Walker ...... 400 21 s1.7 + 1.3 99 13t ill 2n 25 1.38 - 2.24 0. G3 n. u 4 26 0 W. Y. Barr. .. Leon ...... 496 si. 1 ...... ins 15 68 22 36 2.3 ...... 1.11 0.0 6 13 10 .. Kiniblc ...... 1.615 5 ...... Kaufnian...... 445 10 18.5 + 4.5 104 11 i0 0.25 - 5.49 0.25 0.0 1 24 7 .. Johnson ...... 14 82. 5 + 1.7 1112 16 65 2n 35 9.81 + 5.41 8.20 n. n 5 5 13 s. 5 u. 1 ...... 104 10t 66 18 32 3.19 ...... 1.76 n. 0 5 82 5 4 8. JOB.Tweedy. 0 ...... 1.50 ...... 1.50 (1. 0 1 17 11 3 8. T. A. Johnson. 18 SG. 3 + 3.7 10.5 !It 89 22 39 O.A9 - 1.22 0.34 11. 0 2 2i 3 1 U. Mrs. I<. I. Webher. 7 ...... 1. ra ...... 1.00 0.0 2 .... Jno. G. Kennedy. in ...... Matt Cody. 5 83. 1 ...... 101 15 ill 13t 29 5. li ...... 1.33 n. o 11 20 6 5 8. Mrs. Fannie Sneed. 1s Si. 6 + 2.8 106 in GS ?P 29 1.K3 - 0.Y3 1.110 11. n 2 29 1 1 w. E. W. Torrenee. 9 1 ti% 2 ...... 102 21 64 ltl 34 0.11 ...... 0. 10 0. (I 29 0 2 w. M. D.Wardlaw. 4 ...... I.. . 0.76 ...... 0.50 0.0 3 r. Geo. Ellls 20 Si. 2 + 2.9 106 9 72 ?It 29 1.45 - 2.38 0. a 0.0 I 19 1 11 se. 2 84.2 ...... 100 13t io 3.68 ...... 1.11 0.0 6 16 11 4 8. 20 86.4 + 1,s 103 15 71 g+;; 4.96 + 2.28 4. so 0.0 3 17 S 6 S. 1 ...... 2.w ...... 1.00 0.0 5 11 I4 6 SW. 1 ...... 3.10 ...... 1.70 n. o 5 .... Marshall...... Harrison...... 375 ... s5.5 ...... lllP 1.56 ...... 0.61 n. o 6 2 25 8. Srott. aSexial#...... Limestone ...... 537 5 85.9 ...... 1113 15 0.23 ...... 0.10 0.0 3 10 I4 ; W. I Josephine Newman. Mldland ...... Midland ...... il' ..'is. 1.25 ...... 1.m 0.0 a 18 in 3 .... der. Mt. Blaneo...... Croshy...... 2,750 21 82.0 + 3.0 103 1.09 - 1.11 0.96 0.0 3 11 3 17 8. mlth. Nacoqdochesg#...... I Nmogdoehrr ...... 571 in 84. 6 + 1.4 9s 13+/3t 69fi9 4.33 - 1.08 4.00 0.0 3 16 10 3 8. v Hofmann. New Braunfels...... Coma1 ...... 720 XI 85.7 ...... 100 3.77 + 1.01 3.77 0.0 1 11 19 1 e. de. Palestine ...... I Anderson...... I 510 27 84.4 + 2.9 99 15 72 n.so - 2.m D. 52 0.0 4 7 16 8 8. eather Bureau.

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC 358 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY, 1909

TABLEl.-Clitnatoloaical data /or JiJu. 1909. Distrirt No. 8-Continued. .. ._ -. - ...... - -- I I .I t Temperature, In degrees Fahrenheit. I Precipitation, in inches. 3 -E Observers. 3 i n2 - - - - -...... -- - TerabCont'd. Ill Panter ...... Hood...... 1. OOO 19 ...... i ...... I ...... E. H. Snlder. pierce ...... Wharton ...... 3 80.7 ...... 96 17 68 2t 47 5.66 ...... 0.0 8 ' 12 1s 1 .... R. B. Pointer. Plainview.. Hale...... 3.370 1 78.8 ...... 101 11 59 43 34 3.31 ...... I 0.0 4 14 15 2 se. J. F. Bander...... I Port Lavaca...... Calhoun...... 20 8 84.4 ...... 96 16' 73 17t 23 5.32 ...... : 0.0 3 23 6 2 se. J. H. Birkford. Rlcardo...... Nueces...... 86. 1 ...... 101 16' 71 17t 28 0.23 ...... 0.0 1 19 12 0 8. Lindsay Waters. Rlverslde##...... Walker...... 169 5 ...... 1.10 ...... 0.0 4 22 0 9 8. Mrs. C. W. Higdon. Robert Lee##...... Coke...... 1.850 1 84.4 105 11 67 18 28 1.73 ...... 0.0 6 25 4 2 se. H. D. Pearce. Rockland46 ...... Tyler...... 136 5 ...... 2.53 ...... 0.0 4 17 5 9 8. D. W. Bellamy. Rossville.;;...... Atwosa...... 558 4 87.8 106 11' 71 22 34 3.72 ...... 0.0 6 5 26 0 Be. W. F. M. Ross. Runge...... Kames ...... 3(hS 14 ...... 1.52 - 1.96 0.0 3 .... Reiffert & Frob.

Flshlnal...... ~~ Uvalde...... 964 5 87.2 103 9' ...... 0.0 3 7 12 13 e. Jas. Johnston. Ran Angel0 ...... Tom Green...... I...... 1 ...... c. w. GoE. San Antonio...... Eerar...... 701 24 85.8 + 3.4 ' 102 + 1.05 2. 89 u. 0 5 15 15 1 se. U. 8. Weather Bureau. San Augustine...... I F;an Augustine...... I...... 85.4 ...... in2 ...... 0.73 8 11 in 7 .... 8s.71...... 105 ...... n. 02 1 3 24 4 Be. 16 ~5.4 + 1.9 101 - 0.45 3.00 20 0 11 8. San Saba...... San tiaba ...... 1.712 5 84.8 ...... 103 ...... I 0.30 4; 3 1 8. Santa Gertrudes...... Nueces...... 7 ...... I:...... I.. inr' ...... Beymour ...... Baylor...... 1. lpll 3 85.6 ...... llt n.o I 7 20 11 0 8. Somerville ...... Burleson ...... 251 ...... I 0.0 1 24 0 7 e. W. A. Dolan. Sonora ...... Sutton...... 4.200 6 81.8 .___..~. ini ii'l 0.0 6 6 20 5 8. Mike Murphy. Sugslland...... Fort Bend ...... I 79 11 84.2 + l.r 100 l4t' 0.0 6 15 11 4 S. 0.M. Bakke. Taylor...... Williamson...... I 583 8 85.4 + 2.7 101 15 ! 0.0 4 23 7 1 S. U. 5. Weather Bureau. Temple ...... Bell...... 630 15 86.7 + 3.7 104 16t 0.0 4 26 4 1 8. W. B. Tyer. Tildeni...... McMullen...... 3 89.0 ...... Ills 11 I 0.0 3 6 12 3 se. Wm. Eiuykendall. Uvalde...... Uvalde...... 937 1 86.4 ...... 103 ' 15t1 0.0 5 21 0 10 8e. F. M. Getzendaner. Valley Junctlonjf ...... Robertson...... 489 4 ..Qi.i.iai~.'..'...... T. Y. Williams. Vlotorla##...... Victoria ...... 187 11 72 19t 23 5.24 + 1.27 2. 15 n.o 5 ...... C. C. Zirjacks. Waoo##...... McLennan...... 4.24 20 105 , 15 75 3 26 0.46 I- 2.17 0.25 0.0 2 25 248. E. H. Hail. , Waxahachleji ...... Ellls...... 556 13 ig I 1f I !m ~ 2: ~ 31 2.63 I- 0.40 1 1.35 0.0 5 24 511' 43:n. e.-. C. D. Lonwrre. Weatherfordis...... Parker...... 81% 20 28 T. ,- 3.09 T. 0.0 0 27 Miss J. Stirkfort. WhartonjI ...... Wharton ...... 105 7 83.28'...... 9781 loti 66% 23 29' 4.79 i ...... I 3.17 0.0 7 19' Mrs. F. M. Hughs. Wills Point...... Van Zandt...... 524 4 ...... I ...... I ....I ...... 0.40 I...... 10.40 0.0 1 ... i%:i. .?i.?.1 se. .. W. W. Gibbard. Zapata ...... Zapata ...... 89.4 ...... I 106 I 5tj 71 I 20 I 33 . 1.01 j ...... 0.93 0.0 2 I4 F. H. Earnest. , ,, ,,. - ,. Temperature extrenies are from obaerved readings of th Iry-bulb; means are computed from observed readings. Precipitation included in that of the next measurement t Also on other dates. 8 Data are from standard Instruments not supplied by the U. S. Weather Bureau. Instrumenta are read in the morning; the n~aximunitempetature then read Is charged to the preceding day, on which it alniost always occurs. Estlmated by observer. Precipitation for the 44 hours ending on the morning when it is measured. PreripltaWon la leae than C.01 inch rain or melted snow. a, b, 0, etc., indicW, respect.ively. 1,2,3. etc.. days missing from the record.

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC JULY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. TABLE2.-Daily precipitation for July, IS09. LXstrict No. 8, Texas an.d Rio Grande Valley. Day of month. I Stations.

Colorado Amethyt (near)...... Blame...... Cumbres...... Garnett...... Hennlt...... La Veta Pass ...... Mansssa...... Plator0 ...... saguache ...... Ban Lnls...... Wagon Wheel Gap.. .. AJrIC2zk&e..amogordo (near ) ... Alamogordo (2) ...... Albuquerque...... Amlratt...... Ancho...... Aspen Grove Ranch.. . Bateman's Ranch.. ... Bluewater...... Bluewater Reservoir . . Bo-...... Capltan...... Carhbad...... Carrlsoro (I) ...... Carrboro (2) ...... chams...... Cloudcroft (1)...... Cloudcroft (2) ...... Corona......

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY, 1909 TABLE2.-Daily precipitation for July, 1909. District No. 8-Continued. ~. -. .- __ . .- ... Day of month. Gtatlons. River bssins...... ~~ I: IN I I 3 13 I4 15 6,7 S 19 10[11 I? 13'14'15'16'17 lS.19120'?l 22'23 24 35'26!27!2S 29/30 31 88, I I. - I ...$

...... 1.95

...... ;...... Huntavillellll ...... do...... !...... 1.38 Jewettllll .., ...... do...... 3.79 Junctlon...... Colorado...... ,I ...... :...... I :_..I..;,: ...... I...... Kaufman..; ...... Trinity...... T...... '...... -5 ...... ! ...... I...... ,_...... (1.5 Keene...... Braros ...... I ...... I+ville~~ll...... Guadalupe.. .45 ...... j .... ~ .... 9.N 3.19 hnlckerbocker...... Colorado...... ~ .I4 ...... BOpperlll ...... I ...... I.. . .!. ... 1.511 ...... i ....;.... u.09 Lampasasllll...... I, 1 La Parrs ...... j Coast...... 1.01) .tin...... _I...... I ...... 1.w

Mount Blanro ...... NacoRdochesllll ...... New Braunfelvll ...... Palestine...... Panter...... I Plerrs...... Phnview...... ' Port Lavaca ...... I Rlcsrdo...... Riversld_ellII,:...... 11...... rille...... I Runge...... Sablnal...... San Ando...... I .!...... I .... I ....I...... I_...... San Aucrustine...... :. ... .72 .wl,. .. .I. ....n:3! .us.. . ,I .is.. .. T. i...... I ..... 00' .a3 ....I .07,?. 63,...... I_ ...... ~::::~.~..' T. ....I ...... I ....I ....I ...... '...... I:... .:3.uv...... I...... _I...... '. ... Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC JFLY, 1909. MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. 361 TABLE2.-Daily precipilalwn for July, 1809. Diskid No. 8-Continued.

Day of month. I I I WaWona. I River basins. I Ij 1 I2I 3 I4 6 6 7 8'9'10 11 12 13 14 18'16117 18'19,20I21 22'23 24I25'26 27 28 29 301al'$ - I Tedont'd. 8.n Baba...... Banta Gertrudes...... Seymour ...... i ...... Bu#arland ...... Brazos ...... Taylor...... do...... Templellll...... Brazos...... Tilden ...... Nueces...... i, ... Uvalde...... do...... :. ...I.. . Vdley Junctlonllll...... 6. SO ...... I... 0.46 ...... Trinity...... 2.63 ...... do...... I.. . T...... Colorado...... 4.78 ...... Sabine.. ...I: .. 0.10 ...... I... 1.01

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC 862 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW. JULY, 1909

TABLE3.-MaxBii1in ant1 vnittinmwl tenfperatures at selected slatio,as Jztly, 1909. District No. 8, Texns nnd Ria Grtmtb I'allqt. _ ...... ______...... - ... I I Texas. Coloradom New Mexico. I I ... ----I ...... _ .-c L .- .- -L .-C d -e: I - 2 a a L 8 z E L - - ...... -.- ._. - __ - . . i Max. ).ax. dln. Max. \ Min. Max. ' Min. ' Max. j Min. Max. Mtn. ax. ' hlin. Max. Mln. Max.; Min. Max. Min. I I I I Mia. I __ -- - ~ .~ -~ ...... __ - l... 85 44 81 I 55 89 69 s4 i 71J 3... 88 43 91 72 SR XI 3.. . 85 44 !I5 I i2 90 ! 77 4... 87 45 Z94 i Wi 95 76 92 79 5... 80 43 90 I M 195 I75 86 77 B... 84 44 82 54 90 62 s4 59 77 59 95 71 78 59 91 I 69 95 ! 70 87 : 83 7... 84 42 80 51 9s 69 91 61 88 56 91 6s 16 56 97 64 93 75 87 ' 81 s... 88 43 83 97 67 Q4 54 9n 68 93 69 87 BO 96 , 64 97 75 89 fin 9... 87 43 85 43 99 8s 91 54 89 58 I 95 I36 16 57 99 ra IIH) 70 90 76 10 ... 87 42 81 ~ I144 I lo% 72 (94 59 89 62 , 100 67 15 56 100 85 102 7s S8 77

11...I 89 40 86 44 ' 104 73 iin i 70 94 54 97 5s 91 00 05 lis 89 I 5s ln3 Q in3 so 107 7s 12.. . 89 49 88 ! 43 106 67 107 , 6s $3 55 9s 59 93 R3 99 63 91 I 58 95 65 1111 iU 109 ' 77 13... 91 42 84 49 101 68 99 72 85 58 97 5s s7 w9 96 71 87 56 99 6.5 -99 78 76 14 ... 79 41 83 46 99 65 99 8s 91 54 94 53 85 Gll 97 ti6 so i ~n 101 ou ' 99 77 74 15. .. 81 44 80 46 97 68 loo 8s 80 56 ss 57 86 59 95 69 83 62 92 61 100 68 77 ; I 87 48 82 50 ~ 95 69 95 71 89 54 90 52 86 s5 vi 65 M 5s 95 en ' 97 i 73 103 75 17 ... ! 87 44 ..... 51 ' 97 tis 1Of1 66 89 57 97 54 &ti 5i 95 64 S2 62 95 61 98 I 74 92 73 18...i 88 44 ..... 48 I 95 68 96 &I 86 5s IHI 55 88 61 93 65 83 61 95 61 94 in 95 65 55 ..... 47 I 93 64 97 69 86 55 8.5 54 7s 55 R" 68 81 fdl 95 65 95 is ::::I : 48 ..... 54 92 66 94 88 85 56 8s 59 84 56 91 66 79 67 94 65 2 I 73 99 73 ai. .. tu 47 ..... 48 ' 91 69 97 65s 56 90 56 83 55 91 63 58 9s AI 95 ! 71 99 78 22... 72 54 ..... 45 I 94 67 99 6a ! 84 58 su 57 7s 55 92 67 76 5s SI3 68 s5 73 86 ti9 23 ... 77 50 ..... 52 I &I 6s 89 66 71 57 7.5 57 74 58 s5 64 75 55 86 65 w 72 76 64 #... 77 51 ..... 49 I 86 66 77 6465 56 7s 51 7s 53 75 63 76 56 8s 611 nr 72 95 6s 25 ... I 81 46 ..... 47 I 93 69 78 67 . 77 58 84 5s 76 59 80 05 77 54 0 63 94 75 w 72 "- ! "" ZO...I 81 47 73 5s SI 57 41 57 86 65 70 5s 62 63 94 i4 93 69 911so WIHI n... 81 42 80 55 1.5 54 91 57 a 64 78 52 93 67 96 I 76 99 75 91 1 79 88 ' UI 28 ...I 82 45 80 51 88 5" 85 56 94 04 s1 56 96 B? in1 75 91 I 78 87 I 80 29 ... 81 47 81 56 93 57 86 56 03 07 85 58 99 59 98 73 9s 76 87 7!1 46 86 54 91 5s 84 61 02 63 79 63 9s 66 9S 73 92 72 87 76 71 49 85 52 79 58 94 68 79 56 98 59 100 73 92 I 73 j 75 81.3 17.4 i 94.7 j 67.8 ,96.1~67.91S4.9.55.7 S8.7 56.0 83.0 58.1 91.2 54.9 ' 81.7 I57.8 13. 9 33.3 95.4 I id.? 97.9 72.7 I, I _ -~ -...... - .- ...... - ...... Teras. I ...... __ . __

f; - __ -...... __ ...... -...... _ .. -. - :Max. din. Max. 1 Mln. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. ' Min. Mas. Min. hhx. hlin. Max. Min. hhx. Mln. Max. I MIII. Max. rlin. dax. hlln. Max. Mia. _ I ! - .. .- _- ..... -- .. 72 77 sn 97 76 7s 72 74 75 3... 98 74 64 76 I 87 Sn 9s 75 76 4... 89 77 W 88 ! 81 I 95 75 i4 5... 98 78 76 75 79 I 88 I 82 I 96 6.. . 87 72 88 75 97 79 96 77 7... 91 72 94 75 96 77 96 76 8... 95 75 94 SO 9.. 73 !% 76 9s 75 9... 99 77 99 80 103 75 Inn 75 100 76 10... 100 74 100 80 107 75 103 76 103 i5

11... 101 77 101 80 73 p5 in1 67 ' io0 74 1rb 75 12 ... 9!3 76 105 80 74 I ;; I (7 I 92 . 70 : 9s 75 In4 75 98 75 13... 96 78 101 84 72 I 98 , 74 j 90 As I 1w 76 103 73 99.. 75 14... 98 79 98 80 74 , 97 76 96 67 98 77 103 74 99 75 15... 100 79 94 so 74 99 76 ~ 94 64 1 101 77 100 73 101 76 IS... 98 74 92 71 11M105 so 69 mi 74 99 72 lo0 75 17 ... 99 76 93 7s 66 75 95 69 100 74 18.. . 98 75 93 69 101 62 95 75 97 72 95 74 so IM 19... 90 76 90 71 89 78 73 92 64 I, 95 73 97 74 95 73 m... 95 70 92 70 i 101 78 72 92 63 : 96 73 9s 72 98 75 21 ... 105 73 92 so 76 9s 74 85 75 24 ... 88 71 93 84 70 91 i4 88 67 a... 88 70 80 so 76 89 69 92 74 u... 93 73 83 sn 75 96 70 94 74 25 ... 93 73 92 so 75 100 73 94 75 26.. . 9S 74 90 so 76 97 75 93 75 27 ... 97 76 92 80 76 11-11 76 92 77 %... 97 75 94 80 74 101 72 84 75 29 ... 95 75 92 so 74 in1 75 95 73 w... 95 74 93 71 79 73 1G3 74 93 73 31 ... 97 74 96 78 73 101 74 95 74

Mns 85.6 74.5 92.8 , 70.8 1102.0 $0.5 15.0 97.7 r3.4 96.3 74.6

I :I ,I,. - - .- ...... - _- - _-

Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/28/21 11:02 PM UTC