DOCSLIB.ORG

North Carolina Maternity Center Breastfeeding- Friendly Designation Awardees, BFHI & NICHQ Projects

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
North Carolina Maternity Center Breastfeeding- Friendly Designation Awardees, BFHI & NICHQ Projects Catherine Sullivan, MPH, RD, LDN, IBCLC Director of Training, Clinical Instructor [email protected] 1 90 80 70 60 50 Ever Breastfed 40 6 Month Duration 30 12 Month Duration 20 10 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Caveat: National Immunization Data runs 3 years behind real time. 2014 report card is from 2011 data. Caution: Previous report cards collected data from landline only CDC Report Card-NC Trends 50 45 40 35 HP Exclusivity Goal 3 Mo 30 NC Exclusivity 3mo 25 20 HP Exclusivity Goal 6 mo 15 10 NC Exclusivity 6 mo 5 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Maternity Practices and Infant Nutrition and Care Survey (mPINC) NC Scores 2007-2013 80 75 75 70 67 65 62 61 60 55 50 2007 (50-81) 2009 (51-81) 2011 (51-88) 2013 (59-91) Composite Quality Score (50 of 100) North Carolina Maternity Center Breastfeeding- Friendly Designation Awardees, BFHI & NICHQ Projects Counties highlighted in heavy black border have at least on maternity center that has achieved fully Baby Friendly Designation from Baby Friendly USA Alleghany Northampton Gates Ashe Surry Stokes Rockingham Caswell Person Warren Vance Hertford Watauga Wilkes Halifax Yadkin Forsyth Granville Avery Orange Bertie Mitchell Guilford Franklin Caldwell Durham Nash Alexander Davie Alamance Madison Yancey Edgecombe Davidson Wake Martin Dare Burke Iredell Washington Tyrrell Randolph Chatham Wilson McDowell Catawba Rowan Buncombe Haywood Pitt Beaufort Johnston Swain Lincoln Lee Greene Hyde Rutherford Cabarrus Harnett Graham Jackson Henderson Stanly Wayne Polk Cleveland Gaston Moore Mecklenburg Montgomery Lenoir Macon Transylvania Craven Cherokee Pamlico Clay Richmond Cumberland Union Hoke Jones Anson Sampson Duplin Scotland Onslow Carteret Robeson Bladen NICHQ Best Fed Beginning Project Pender .New Hanover Regional Medical Center Columbus New .Rowan Regional Medical Center Hanover .Women’s Hospital of Greensboro Brunswick .Carolinas Medical Center-Main .Presbyterian Hospital-Charlotte Counties with no Maternity Center 88 Eligible Maternity Centers 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Number of Golden Bow Alleghany Northampton Gates Ashe Surry Stokes Rockingham Caswell Person Warren Vance Hertford Watauga Wilkes Halifax Yadkin Granville Avery Forsyth Orange Mitchell Guilford Franklin Bertie * Durham Nash Caldwell Davie Alamance Alexander * Edgecombe Madison Yancey Davidson Wake Dare Burke Iredell * Martin Washington Tyrrell Randolph Chatham Wilson McDowell Catawba Buncombe Rowan Haywood Pitt Beaufort Swain Lincoln * Johnston Greene Hyde Lee Rutherford Cabarrus Henderson Harnett Graham Stanly Wayne Jackson Polk Cleveland Gaston Moore Montgomery Lenoir Mecklenburg Craven Cherokee Macon Transylvania* * Pamlico Clay Richmond Cumberland Union Hoke Jones Anson * Sampson Duplin Scotland Onslow Carteret Robeson Bladen Pender Columbus New Hanover Brunswick Counties with no Maternity Center * Indicates Counties with more than one bag free maternity center IBCLC Growth in N.C. 700 600 588 557 500 532 456 400 411 374 356 300 200 100 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Map created by Katie Houk, MS, Doctoral Candidate Map created by Katie Houk, MS, Doctoral Candidate • Special interest group sessions • Concurrent Sessions – Cultivating Continuity and Leadership Among Community Providers – Collaboration Between NC Breastfeeding Coalition, NCSU and UNC: Organizations with Common Goals – Roadmap to a Bag-Free State: NC’s Strategy for Eliminating Formula Discharge Bags from Maternity Care Facilities • Poster session – Professional Lactation Services and Breastfeeding Rates in NC: A GIS Case for Medicaid Reimbursement of IBCLC’s • NCBC Members will share: – DPH’s Primer: Eat Smart Move More: Businesses Leading the Way in Support of Breastfeeding – OSP Lactation Policy – ACA provisions for hourly employees . Research, Training, Service . Focus on the 3B’s: Birth Practices, Birth Spacing, Breastfeeding . Major Projects . Breastfeeding Friendly Child Care . Ready, Set, Baby Prenatal Curriculum . National Collaboratives for Advancing Best Practices in Breastfeeding Support (health care/child care) . Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative . John Rex Grant-Messaging/Outreach .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CGBI Activities
    Training Resources from the Carolina Global Breastfeeding Institute Catherine Sullivan, MPH, RD, LDN, IBCLC, FAND Director CGBI, Assistant Professor Department of Maternal and Child Health Disclosure: Who funds CGBI work? • EMPower Breastfeeding/EMPower Training • Subcontract from Abt Associates • ENRICH Carolinas • The Duke Endowment, BCBSNC, Spiers Foundation • RISE: Lactation Training Model • W.K. Kellogg Foundation • CGBI Fund • Private donors Disclosure • Catherine Sullivan is an inventor on the Couplet Care Bassinet™, which is an unlicensed UNC invention (medical device). It is not discussed in this presentation. Catherine Sullivan and CGBI would be eligible for royalties in the future if it is successfully commercialized. Acknowledgement of Operational Space CGBI: Who are we? Future Expansion Throughout North Breastfeeding Friendly Healthcare and South Carolina, Strengthening Health Systems & Global Ten Step ENRICH Carolinas Implementation 2018-2020 2019-2023 The Duke Endowment BCBSNC, Spiers Foundation EMPower Training 2018-2019 CDC EMPower Breastfeeding 2014-2017 CDC Breastfeeding Friendly Technical Healthcare Assistance 2009-2012 Staff & Patient Kate B. Reynolds Resources & Training Charitable Trust, 2018-2021 2012-2018 The Duke Endowment W.K. Kellogg Foundation W.K. Kellogg Foundation Ready, Set, BABY! 2015-2017 Prenatal Education Kate B. Reynolds Charitable Trust Curriculum 2012-2018 W. K. Kellogg Foundation Couplet Care Bassinet™ 2016-2018 NC TraCs 2018-2019 SBIR, BIG EMPower Training: Comprehensive Training Materials to Implement
    [Show full text]
  • Brand-New Theaters Planned for Off-B'way
    20100503-NEWS--0001-NAT-CCI-CN_-- 4/30/2010 7:40 PM Page 1 INSIDE THE BEST SMALL TOP STORIES BUSINESS A little less luxury NEWS YOU goes a long way NEVER HEARD on Madison Ave. ® Greg David Page 11 PAGE 2 Properties deemed ‘distressed’ up 19% VOL. XXVI, NO. 18 WWW.CRAINSNEWYORK.COM MAY 3-9, 2010 PRICE: $3.00 PAGE 2 ABC Brand-new News gets cut theaters to the bone planned for PAGE 3 Bankrupt St. V’s off-B’way yields rich pickings PAGE 3 Hit shows and lower prices spur revival as Surprise beneficiary one owner expands of D.C. bank attacks IN THE MARKETS, PAGE 4 BY MIRIAM KREININ SOUCCAR Soup Nazi making in the past few months, Catherine 8th Ave. comeback Russell has been receiving calls constant- ly from producers trying to rent a stage at NEW YORK, NEW YORK, P. 6 her off-Broadway theater complex. In fact, the demand is so great that Ms. Russell—whose two stages are filled with the long-running shows The BUSINESS LIVES Fantasticks and Perfect Crime—plans to build more theaters. The general man- ager of the Snapple Theater Center at West 50th Street and Broadway is in negotiations with landlords at two midtown locations to build one com- plex with two 249-seat theaters and an- other with two 249-seat theaters and a 99-seat stage. She hopes to sign the leases within the next two months and finish the theaters by October. “There are not enough theaters cen- GOTHAM GIGS by gettycontour images / SPRING AWAKENING: See NEW THEATERS on Page 22 Healing hands at the “Going to Broadway has Bronx Zoo P.
    [Show full text]
  • Druckvorlage Farbig
    INTERNATIONAL LACTATION CONSULTANT ASSOCIATION Klinische Leitlinien zur Etablierung des ausschließlichen Stillens Clinical Guidelines for the Establisment of the Exclusive Breastfeeding Übersetzt von Denise Both, IBCLC Juni 2005 INTERNATIONAL LACTATION CONSULTANT ASSOCIATION Klinische Leitlinien zur Etablierung des ausschließlichen Stillens Clinical Guidelines for the Establisment of the Exclusive Breastfeeding Übersetzt von Denise Both, IBCLC Überarbeitungskomitee 2. Auflage Mary L. Overfield, MN, RN, IBCLC Lactation Consultant, WakeMed Chair, Professional Development Committee International Lactation Consultant Association Raleigh, North Carolina USA Carol A. Ryan, MSN, RN, IBCLC Director, Parenting Services Perinatal Education & Lactation Services Georgetown University Hospital Washington, DC USA Amy Spangler, MN, RN, IBCLC Affiliate Faculty, Emory University Perinatal Education Instructor, Northside Hospital Atlanta, Georgia USA Mary Rose Tully, MPH, IBCLC Adjunct Assistant Professor UNC School of Public Health Director, Lactation Services UNC Women’s & Children’s Hospitals Chapel Hill, North Carolina USA Teilweise finanziert durch das Maternal and Child Health Bureau Health Resources and Services Administration US Department of Health and Human Services 2 Vorwort Das Interesse an der Gesundheit von Mut- Alter von zwei Jahren gestillt. Die derzeiti- das vielfach durch die persönlichen An- ter und Kind hat auf der ganzen Welt eine ge Stillsituation ist demzufolge weit von sichten sowohl des Gesundheitspersonals lange Tradition. Die 1948 verabschiedete, dem entfernt, was empfohlen wird. 229 als auch der Familie belastet wird. Es ist weltweit gültige Menschenrechtserklärung von wesentlicher Bedeutung, dass das Viele Gesundheitsfachleute glauben, dass stellt fest, dass „Mutterschaft und Kindheit Stillen vom Gesundheitspersonal als die sich gestillte Säuglinge, die in Industriena- zu besonderer Betreuung und Unterstüt- normale Art und Weise der Säuglingser- tionen geboren werden, nur geringfügig zung berechtigen“.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Milk Surveillance and Research of Environmental Chemicals: Concepts for Consideration in Interpreting and Presenting Study Results
    Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 65:1909–1928, 2002 Copyright© 2002 Taylor & Francis 1528-7394/02 $12.00 + .00 DOI: 10.1080/00984100290071793 HUMAN MILK SURVEILLANCE AND RESEARCH OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS: CONCEPTS FOR CONSIDERATION IN INTERPRETING AND PRESENTING STUDY RESULTS Judy S. LaKind LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, Maryland, USA Nettie Birnbach Professor Emeritus, College of Nursing, State University of New York at Brooklyn, Boca Raton, Florida, USA Christopher J. Borgert Applied Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alachua, Florida, USA Babasaheb R. Sonawane National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Mary Rose Tully Human Milk Banking Association of North America, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA Linda Friedman Rochester, New York, USA This article describes issues related to the interpretation, presentation, and use of data from human milk surveillance and research studies. It is hoped that researchers conduct- ing human milk studies in the future will consider these concepts when formulating study conclusions and presenting data. The key issues discussed are; (1) communication of information on human milk constituents to health care providers and the public; (2) com- plexities associated with assessing risks and benefits when comparing breast-feeding and We thank the following organizations for generously providing support for the workshop: the Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health; the Brominated Flame Retardant Industry Panel of the American Chemistry Council; the Nurses Leadership Council; Penn State University College of Medicine; the Public Health Policy Advisory Board; and the Research Foundation for Health and Environmental Effects.
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Breastfeeding Blueprint Status Update December
    Promoting, Protecting and Supporting Breastfeeding in North Carolina Blueprint Status Report December 2011 Promoting, Protecting and Supporting Breastfeeding in North Carolina / Blueprint Status Report N.C. Division of Public Health In 2006, Promoting, Protecting and Support Breastfeeding: A North Carolina Blueprint for Action was released. This document served as a strategic plan for all North Carolinians to help improve breastfeeding initiation, duration and exclusivity in our state. The vision of the North Carolina Blueprint for Action (N.C. Blueprint for Action) is that North Carolina mothers will be enabled to begin their children’s lives by breastfeeding – the best possible foundation for infant and young child feeding. This report will give an update to the progress made towards promoting, protecting and supporting breastfeeding in North Carolina. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) began releasing national and state breastfeeding report cards in 2007. In the figure below, the Healthy People 2020 goals related to breastfeeding are listed along with breastfeeding trends in North Carolina from 2009-11. North Carolina Trends: CDC Report Card Results* Healthy North North Healthy North Objective People 2010 Carolina Carolina People 2020 Carolina Goal 2009 (%) 2010 (%) Goal 2011 (%) Increase the proportion 75 % 66.9 73.5 81.9 % 67.3 of infants ever breastfed Increase the proportion of infants breastfed 50 % 36.7 35.9 60.6 % 37 at 6 months Increase the proportion of infants breastfed 25 % 18.9 19.4 34.1% 19.6 at 1 year Increase the proportion of infants who are 40 % 30.2 28.2 46.2% 28.1 breastfed exclusively through 3 months Increase the proportion of infants who are 25 % 13.1 8.7 25.5 % 8.2 breastfed exclusively through 6 months * The CDC Report Card is based on data collected from the National Immunization Survey.
    [Show full text]
  • Ready, Set, Baby – a Guide to Welcoming Your New Family Member
    Ready, Set, Baby A guide to welcoming your new family member What’s inside this guide Staying healthy during pregnancy and beyond What have you heard about infant feeding? 04 Find Out the Facts! Preparing for your maternity center stay 06 Your labor and delivery 07 Skin-to-Skin contact 08 Rooming-In 09 Feeding On Cue / Delayed pacifier use Breastfeeding information & tips 10 Early and exclusive breastfeeding 11 Breastfeeding benefits for mothers and babies 12 Position and latch / Tips for a great start 14 Making and maintaining your milk 15 Signs your baby is getting enough milk 16 Reviewing what we’ve learned Once you are home with your baby 17 The first few weeks 18 Preparing for other caregivers 19 Just for partners & loved ones 20 Addressing common concerns 22 Resources for support 2 A guide to welcoming your new family member Staying healthy during pregnancy and beyond Healthy eating • Limit your intake of large fish to Healthy Staying avoid ingesting mercury. Eat a balanced diet with a variety Take a daily of foods when you are pregnant or – Avoid tile fish, shark, Prenatal breastfeeding. swordfish, and King Mackerel; limit albacore (solid white) tuna. Vitamin with • Fill half of your plate with fruits and iron in vegetables. – Opt instead for 8-12 oz/week of Salmon, Trout, Sardines, addition • Choose high-fiber whole grains, to eating like oatmeal, whole wheat, or Anchovies, or Herring. healthy brown rice. • Choose heart-healthy dairy Exercise products, like low fat milk, yogurt, and weight gain or mozzarella cheese. • If your provider says it’s okay to • Select lean protein sources, like exercise, aim for at least 30 min/day seafood, poultry, eggs, beans, nuts (moderate intensity).
    [Show full text]
  • CONTRIBUTORS FEATURED STORIES THIS MONTH Cindy Wagner MS, RD, IBCLC Education Consultant NEWS YOU CAN USE Medela, LLC
    March 2018 The Human Milk Insights newsletter presents the latest breastfeeding topics and clinical practice solutions, addresses coding issues challenging the lactation community, features a lactation service, as well as announces upcoming webinars and conferences. CONTRIBUTORS FEATURED STORIES THIS MONTH Cindy Wagner MS, RD, IBCLC Education Consultant NEWS YOU CAN USE Medela, LLC. Tuscaloosa, AL. Value of Human Milk . Human Milk and Informal Milk Sharing Maria Lennon, MSN, CNM, IBCLC . Human Milk and Influenza Nurse-Midwife, Perinatal Education . Human Milk and Breastfeeding Consultant Support Sedona, AZ. Human Milk in the Hospital Irene M. Zoppi RN, MSN, IBCLC . Human Milk in the NICU Clinical Education Specialist . Human Milk After Discharge Medela, LLC. McHenry, IL. HUMAN MILK EDUCATION . Human Milk Webinar TOOLS YOU CAN USE . Educating Mothers (and others) About the Flu: Resources at Your Fingertips CLINICAL PEARLS IN LACTATION . Breastfeeding and the Flu SPOTLIGHT ON PRACTICE . Diane T. Asbill RN, BSN, IBCLC NEWS YOU CAN USE The Centers for Disease Control and VALUE OF HUMAN MILK Prevention have published an updated webpage on breastfeeding and influenza. The Importance of Infants’ Exposure to The webpage includes guidance on what to Micro-Organisms do if breastfeeding infants or mothers https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/05/well/liv contract influenza, and addresses methods e/infant-microbiome-cesarean-childbirth- for preventing transmission of influenza to breastfeeding.html infants. A mother's breast milk contains The article discusses the microorganisms antibodies and other immunological factors that reside inside the human body, and the that can help protect her infant from flu and benefits of early exposure to reduce risks of is the recommended source of nutrition for health problems from asthma to cancer.
    [Show full text]
  • December 2020
    December 2020 The Human Milk Insights newsletter presents the latest breastfeeding topics and clinical practice solutions, addresses coding issues challenging the lactation community, features a lactation service, and announces upcoming webinars and conferences. CONTRIBUTORS FEATURED STORIES THIS MONTH Katie McGee, RN, BSN, IBCLC Education Consultant NEWS YOU CAN USE Westchester, IL. ▪ Human Milk and Newborn Health Maria Lennon, MSN, CNM, IBCLC ▪ Human Milk and COVID-19 Nurse-Midwife, Perinatal Education ▪ Human Milk in the NICU Consultant ▪ Human Milk and Maternal Health Sedona, AZ. ▪ Human Milk Production Irene M. Zoppi, RN, MSN, IBCLC ▪ Human Milk and Public Health Clinical Education Specialist Medela LLC. HUMAN MILK EDUCATION Hanover, MA. ▪ Human Milk Monthly Webinar Series ▪ COVID-19 and Breastfeeding Webinar Kim Colburn, BPC Series Education & Program Coordinator Medela LLC ▪ Breast Shield Research ▪ Neonatal Perspectives ▪ Initiation Education CLINICAL PEARLS IN LACTATION ▪ High Energy Drinks and Breastfeeding, Are They Safe? TOOLS YOU CAN USE Medela’s Online Breastfeeding Guide ▪ SPOTLIGHT ON PRACTICE ▪ Paula M. Sisk, PhD, RD, IBCLC NEWS YOU CAN USE Cibele Wolf Lebrão, MD, MSc…/September HUMAN MILK AND NEWBORN 2020 Case Study : Human milk antibodies HEALTH and protection against COVID-19 with Research Review and Meta-Analysis infected mothers https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334420960433 The Calming Effect of Maternal Breast Milk on Term Infant: A Randomized A Call to Ensure Access to Human Milk Controlled Trial for Vulnerable Infants
    [Show full text]
  • The Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative Student Handbook
    1 The Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative Student Handbook MRT-TI Student Handbook 2 MRT-TI Student Handbook 3 Table of Contents General Information ............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Accreditation Status ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 About MRT-TI ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Program Goal ...................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Course Competencies ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Public Health Competencies: ......................................................................................................................................... 7 IBCLC Clinical Competencies: ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Continuing Education Topics: ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Admissions Policies ...........................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • What Is the Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative?
    Frequently Asked Questions: What is the Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative? The Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative (MRT-TI) is a 2 semester Lactation Consultant training program. It is considered a graduate level program, and students earn a total of 6 graduate course credits, 30 Continuing Education Units, and earn the 300 clinical hours and 90 didactic hours required of a Pathway 2 Training program. MRT-TI is an intensive course and should not be viewed as a “test prep course” or a “continuing education course”. Students are expected to perform at the graduate level. Is the program accredited? The Mary Rose Tully Training Initiative is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs (www.caahep.org ) upon the recommendation of the Lactation Education and Approval Review Committee. The program earned its initial accreditation on January 21, 2016 and is current until January 31, 2021. Is the program offered in a distance format? At this time, the program is only offered residentially. The residential setting of the program helps facilitate group sharing and bonding, which is further enhanced by the small class size, typically consisting of 12 students. Weekly didactic lectures are frequently delivered by experts in the field of lactation, medicine, public health, and nutrition. The ability to interact in person with these individuals is a distinct advantage of having a residential program. Do I have to Be a student in order to apply to the program? No, you do not have to be a student when applying to this program. Some applicants choose to apply to this program as part of their current program either at UNC or schools that participate in an inter-institutional agreement with UNC.
    [Show full text]
  • Should Human Milk Be Regulated?
    Final to Printer_Cohen (Do Not Delete) 3/25/2019 10:14 AM Should Human Milk Be Regulated? Mathilde Cohen* Markets in human milk are booming. They take two main forms: informal markets—women giving or selling their milk peer-to-peer—, and formal markets—for-profit or non-profit organizations collecting, processing, and distributing donor milk to neonatal intensive care units and a few outpatients for a fee. The legal regime applicable to these human milk transactions is fragmented and unstable. The federal government does not define human milk as anything. The Food and Drug Administration has declined to regulate milk banks even though it oversees blood, cord, oocytes, semen, and stool banks. Only a handful of states have laws on the books pertaining to human milk. In light of the growing demand for human milk and public health professionals’ calls for government oversight due to fears of pathogen contamination, this Article asks whether human milk should be regulated more tightly and, if so, what types of legal reforms would be most desirable. It concludes that human milk should not be treated as a disembodied product under a food, drug, and tissue law paradigm, but rather as the product of a relationship between breastfeeders and breastfed babies. It is this relationship that is in urgent need of legal protections so that more parents can breastfeed their children and make extra milk available for others. Though the risks of contamination are real, they can be, and are, mitigated by milk banks, as well as by peer- to-peer donors and recipients.
    [Show full text]
  • TR 6.1 Final
    Breastfeeding Rights of Multiple Birth Families and Guidelines for Health Professionals Linda G. Leonard School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Canada ncreasing numbers of women wish to breastfeed their multi- milk yield at 2.5 months of the mother who was exclusively Iple birth children. Breastfeeding of preterm and fullterm breastfeeding triplets was 3.08 kg per 24 hours. The multiple birth infants is complex and demanding for the fami- lies and presents distinct challenges for health professionals. researchers concluded that women are capable of producing Families require sustained assistance from health care enough milk to adequately meet the nutritional needs of providers who are encouraging, knowledgeable, skilled, and multiple birth infants who are breastfeeding. Evidence of committed to the breastfeeding of multiple birth children. satisfactory growth in exclusively or partially breastfed Seven breastfeeding rights of multiple birth families are pre- triplet or quadruplet infants is provided by Auer & sented for the continuum of pregnancy to early childhood and Gromada (1998), Leonard (2000a), and Mead et al. are in accordance with the Declaration of Rights and Statement of Needs of Twins and Higher Order Multiples (1992). Breastfeeding of multiples is strongly associated (Council of Multiple Birth Organizations of the International with the promotion of maternal–infants’ attachment (Auer Society for Twin Studies, 1995). Guidelines for each of the & Gromada, 1998; Gromada, 1999; Leonard, 2002a) as it rights have been developed to assist health professionals provides many opportunities for close maternal–infant provide “best practices” in community and hospital settings. contact and discovering the unique qualities of each child. The guidelines are based on the existing body of breastfeeding of multiples’ research, empirical findings, and consultations Initiation and duration rates of breastfeeding multiples with parents and care providers with experience and/or exper- have varied over time and within each country.
    [Show full text]