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5.3 Water Environment
5.3 Water Environment (1) Scarcity and Degradation of Freshwater in Egypt The water resources of Egypt could be divided into two systems; the Nile system and the groundwater system in desert area. The Nile system consisting of the Nile River, its branches, the irrigation canals, the agricultural drains and the valley and Delta aquifers. These water resources are interconnected. This system is replenished yearly with approximately 58.5 billion m3 of freshwater, as is given in the survey by MWRI. Egypt depends on the Nile for almost all of water resources; naturally, it is a crucial issue on how to preserve water quality of the River Nile. On the other hand, water in desert area is in deep sandstone aquifer and is generally non-renewable source, though considerable amounts of water are stored in the groundwater system. Table 5.13: Water Balance of the River Nile Water balance 3 Items (billion m /yr) Inflow Outflow & use HAD release 55.50 Effective rainfall 1.00 Sea water intrusion 2.00 Total inflow 58.50 Consumptive use agriculture 40.82 Consumptive use industries 0.91 Consumptive use domestic 0.45 Evaporation 3.00 Total use and evaporation 45.18 Navigation fresh water 0.26 Fayoum terminal drainage 0.65 Delta drainage to the sea 12.41 Total outflow 13.31 Source: MWRI Water demand in Egypt has been increasing due to population growth, higher standard of living, reclaiming new land, and advancing industrialization. Available water per capita per year for all purpose in 1999 was about 900ｍ3; nonetheless, it is expected to fall to 670ｍ3 and 536ｍ3 by the years 2017 and 2025, respectively. -
2016|2017 2016|2017
Egyypt 2016|2017 Discovering Business in association with Copyright © Allurentis Limited 2016. All rights reserved. Allurentis is delighted to have been involved in association with UK Trade & Investment on this, the first edition of Egypt - Discovering Business and would like to thank all sponsoring organisations for their kind contributions. We are confident that it will raise awareness with all readers and prove to be an invaluable resource, especially for those wishing to become involved in the extraordinary business opportunities and growth prospects within Egypt. Electronic copies of this publication may be downloaded from Allurentis Limited's website at www.allurentis.com, provided that the use of any copy so downloaded, complies with the terms and conditions specified on the website. Except as expressly stated above, no part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing from Allurentis Limited. To enquire about obtaining permission for uses other than those permitted above, please contact Allurentis by sending an email to [email protected] Photos courtesy of: www.istockphoto.com & www.123rf.com USINESS B Contents ISCOVERING Introduction Egypt turns to private sector to build new economy 5 D - 2016|2017 Messages GYPT E H.E. Ambassador Nasser Kamel: Egyptian Ambassador to the UK 8 HMA John Casson: British Ambassador to Egypt 9 UK Trade & Investment in Egypt 10 Egyptian Commercial Service in the UK 11 Business - Legal - Finance Egypt’s economic -
Final Assessment of the Egypt Child Survival Project (263-0203)
FINAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EGYPT CHILD SURVIVAL PROJECT (263-0203) POPTECH Report No. 96-073-41 August 1996 by Laurel K. Cobb Franklin C. Baer Marc J. P. Debay Mohamed A. ElFeraly Ahmed Kashmiry Prepared for Edited and Produced by U.S. Agency for International Development Population Technical Assistance Project Mission to Egypt 1611 North Kent Street, Suite 508 (USAID/Egypt) Arlington, VA 22209 USA Contract No. CCP-3024-Q-00-3012 Phone: 703/247-8630 Project No. 936-3024 Fax: 703/247-8640 The observations, conclusions, and recommendations set forth in this document are those of the authors alone and do not represent the views or opinions of POPTECH, BHM International, The Futures Group International, or the staffs of these organizations. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................v MAJOR CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................... ix 1. BACKGROUND ...........................................................1 1.1 Early Implementation of Project .......................................1 1.2 Midterm Evaluation .................................................2 1.3 Response to Midterm Evaluation ......................................2 1.4 Project Organization and Management .................................3 1.5 Child Mortality Trends, 1985-1995 .....................................3 2. EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION (EPI) ..........................7 2.1 Goals and Outputs Review .............................................7 -
Efficiency of the Using of Human and Machine the Sources in Wheat Production in Beheira Governorate
Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com International Journal of Development Research ISSN: 2230-9926 Vol. 11, Issue, 07, pp. 48934-48940, July, 2021 https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.22437.07.2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS EFFICIENCY OF THE USING OF HUMAN AND MACHINE THE SOURCES IN WHEAT PRODUCTION IN BEHEIRA GOVERNORATE Ashraf M. El Dalee1,*, Lamis F. Elbahenasy2, Safaa M. Elwakeel2 and Eman A. Ibrahim3 1Professor Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center –Egypt 2Senior Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute Agricultural Research Center – Egypt 3Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center – Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The research problem is represented in the high costs of producing wheat crop as a result of the high prices of Article History: production requirements, which may affect the cultivated areas of it, and due to the rapid and successive Received 20th April, 2021 progress in the transfer of technology in the field of agriculture, especially agricultural operations, it has been Received in revised form possible to replace human work with automated work, after the high wages of rural labor trained women in the 10th May, 2021 fields of agriculture and continuous migration to urban areas as a result of the seasonality of agricultural Accepted 30th June, 2021 production on the one hand, and the low wages in the country side compared to the urban ones, which Published online 28th July, 2021 prompted farmers to move towards using -
Shereif Hassan Mahmoud
Hydroclimate Changes to Arid regions subjected to Impact of climate change, human activities, and Large-scale climate patterns by Shereif Hassan Mahmoud A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta © Shereif Hassan Mahmoud, 2020 Abstract In recent years, many regions worldwide have suffered from natural hazards related to the impact of human activities and climate change, such as floods and droughts, sea level rise, extreme weather events and an accelerated hydrological cycle. In Africa, the driest continent on Earth, climate change has led to more frequent occurrences of droughts of greater severity. Beside climate change, human activities have also incurred negative environmental impact which in turn has likely affected the climate at a wide range of temporal-spatial scales worldwide. For example, in the Middle East, floods of greater magnitude have been occurring more frequently in recent decades, which could be attributed partly to rapid urbanization or the effect of climate change, or both. In the Nile River basin (NRB), recurring droughts and increasing population have led to rising tension between competing users for water. Therefore, to develop more effective mitigation strategies against the potential impact of climate change, there is an urgent need to better understand changes to the hydrologic cycle of arid regions and linkage to regional climate change. The objectives of this dissertation are: 1) To investigate the potential implications of urbanization and climate change to the flood risk of Egypt and Saudi Arabia of arid climate in the Middle East. -
Mints – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY
No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 No. TRANSPORT PLANNING AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT MiNTS – MISR NATIONAL TRANSPORT STUDY THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON THE MASTER PLAN FOR NATIONWIDE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT FINAL REPORT TECHNICAL REPORT 11 TRANSPORT SURVEY FINDINGS March 2012 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY ORIENTAL CONSULTANTS CO., LTD. ALMEC CORPORATION EID KATAHIRA & ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL JR - 12 039 USD1.00 = EGP5.96 USD1.00 = JPY77.91 (Exchange rate of January 2012) MiNTS: Misr National Transport Study Technical Report 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Item Page CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 THE MINTS FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................1-1 1.2.1 Study Scope and Objectives .........................................................................................................1-1 -
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[E 4003/431/16] No. 8. 9 Field-Marshal Viscount Allenby to Earl Curzon.—(Received April 4.) (No
Decret constituant le nouvenu Ministcre. (Traduction.) Nous, Sultan d'Egypte. Vu le rescrit du 21 ^eptembre 1879 ; Vu notre rescrit en date du 6 Ragab 1339 (16 mars 1921); Sur la proposition-du President de notre Conseil des Ministres ; Decretonsj Article 1". Sont nommes : Hussein Lluchdi Pacha, Vice-Pidsident du Conseil des Miniatres; Abdel Khalek Saroit Pacha, Ministre de 1'Intdrieur ; Ismail Srnlky Pacha, Ministre des Finances ; Ahmed Ziwer Pacha, Ministre des Communications ; Gaaf'ar \Vali Pacha, Ministre de 1'Instruction publique; Ahmed Midhat, Yeghen Pacha, Ministre des Wakfs ; Mohamed Chafik Pacha, Ministre des Travaux publics, de la Guerre et de la Marine ; Naguib Boutros Ghali Pacha, Ministre de 1'Agriculture ; Abdel Fattab Yehia Pacha, Ministre de la Justice. Art. 2. Le President de notre Conseil des Ministres est charge* de 1'exdcution du present de"cret. /• . Fait au Palais d'Abdine, le 7 Ragab 1339 (17 mars 1921). FOUAD. Par le Sultan : Le President du Conseil des Ministres, ADLY YEOHEN. [E 4003/431/16] No. 8. 9 Field-Marshal Viscount Allenby to Earl Curzon.—(Received April 4.) (No. 241.) My Lord, Cairo, March 25, 1921. I HAVE the honour to transmit here with for your Lordship's information copy of a report on the general situation in Egypt, compiled by the Public Security Department of the Egyptinn Government, for the period from the 17th to the 23rd March inclusive. I have, &c. ALLENBY, F.M.; High Commissioner. Enclosure in No. 8. Report on General Situation in Eyypt for period from March 17 to 23, 1921, inclusive. (Strietly Qunfidenfcml.) SUMMAKV. -
País Região Cidade Nome De Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria
País Região Cidade Nome de Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria Adrar Timimoun Gourara Hotel Timimoun, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hotel Hammamet Ain Benian RN Nº 11 Grand Rocher Cap Caxine , 16061, Aïn Benian, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hôtel Hammamet Alger Route nationale n°11, Grand Rocher, Ain Benian 16061, Algeria 16061 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Safir Alger 2 Rue Assellah Hocine, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Samir Hotel 74 Rue Didouche Mourad, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Albert Premier 5 Pasteur Ave, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Suisse 06 rue Lieutenant Salah Boulhart, Rue Mohamed TOUILEB, Alger 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Aurassi Hotel El-Aurassi, 1 Ave du Docteur Frantz Fanon, Alger Centre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre ABC Hotel 18, Rue Abdelkader Remini Ex Dujonchay, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Space Telemly Hotel 01 Alger, Avenue YAHIA FERRADI, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hôtel ST 04, Rue MIKIDECHE MOULOUD ( Ex semar pierre ), 4, Alger Ctre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 24 Rue Nezzar Kbaili Aissa, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Oran Center 44 Rue Larbi Ben M'hidi, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Es-Safir Hotel Rue Asselah Hocine, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 22 Rue Hocine BELADJEL, Algiers, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre -
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FACT SHEET Tourism and Antiquities Preservation − During the post-2011 tourism downturn, USAID created short- term employment for over 800 Egyptian workers to preserve three historical sites in Luxor, allowing these sites to be accessible for tourism – Luxor’s primary income generator. − USAID field schools have trained over 40 Egyptian archaeologists and several graduates are now employed in ongoing restoration projects. − Lowering groundwater in Old Cairo not only protected an ancient Jewish cemetery, some of the world’s first Christian Churches, and the oldest mosque in Egypt, but the new sewage systems USAID installed also benefited the 140,000 Workers rebuild the Domitian Gate at Medinat Habu on the West Bank of Luxor citizens who live in the area. as part of USAID-funded Chicago House’s epigraphic survey that documents antiquities sites for future generations of tourists and scholars. PHOTO: USAID/JFossler Overview Egypt’s antiquities are not only part of its cultural heritage, but also represent an important economic asset that creates jobs and income. The U.S. government through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has provided assistance valued at over $100 million since 1995 through 70 major conservation projects spanning the full range of Egypt's long cultural heritage from prehistoric times to the late Ottoman period, and include monuments and masterpieces from every major period. Tourism accounts for about 13 percent of the Egyptian economy and a corresponding amount of employment. The positive impact of tourism can be increased through enhancing linkages with other local economic employment opportunities for people in communities near antiquities sites. -
Egypt: National Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity Conservation
i,_._ ' Ministry of State for the Environment Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency Department of Nature Conservation National Biodiversity Unit Egypt: National Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity Conservation January, 1998 Egypt: National Strategy and Action Plan for Biodiversity Conservation* Part 1: Introduction Part 2: Goals and Guiding Principles Part 3: Components of the National Plan of Action Part 4: The National Programmes of Action Annex: Programmes, fact sheets Illl_llIBl_l_l_lllIM MWmIllm _ WBlllllIBlllllllIBllll_llll_lllllllllllllllllIBl_l * This document incorporates the outcome of sessions of extensive discussion held at Aswan, Qena, Sohag, Assyut, EI-Minya, Beni Suef, Faiyum, Cairo, Ain Shams, Helwan, Tanta, Zagazig, Benha, Mansoura and Damietta between March and May, 1997, and a national conference held in Cairo: 26 -27 November 1997. 3 FOREWORD Concern with, and interest in, the study of wild species of plants and animals and observing their life cycles and ecological behaviour as related to natural phenomena was part of the cultural traditions of Egypt throughout its long history. In Pharaonic Egypt certain species were sacramented (e.g. the sacred ibis, sacred scarab, etc.) or protected as public property because of their economic importance (e.g. papyrus: material for state monopolized paper industry). In recent history laws protected certain species of animals, but protection of natural habitats with their ecological attributes and assemblages of plants and animals (nature reserves) remained beyond the interest of government. The United Nations, with the assistance of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) published lists of nature reserves worldwide, and Egypt was not mentioned in these lists till the late 1970s. -
Environmental Assessment
Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Submitted to : Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company EGAS ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL Prepared by: IMPACT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK Executive Summary EcoConServ Environmental Solutions Public Disclosure Authorized 12 El-Saleh Ayoub St., Zamalek, Cairo, Egypt 11211 NATURAL GAS CONNECTION PROJECT Tel: + 20 2 27359078 – 2736 4818 IN 11 GOVERNORATES IN EGYPT Fax: + 20 2 2736 5397 E-mail: [email protected] (Final March 2014) Executive Summary ESIAF NG Connection 1.1M HHs- 11 governorates- March 2014 List of acronyms and abbreviations AFD Agence Française de Développement (French Agency for Development) AP Affected Persons ARP Abbreviated Resettlement Plan ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practical AST Above-ground Storage Tank BUTAGASCO The Egyptian Company for LPG distribution CAA Competent Administrative Authority CULTNAT Center for Documentation Of Cultural and Natural Heritage CAPMAS Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics CDA Community Development Association CRN Customer Reference Number EDHS Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey EHDR Egyptian Human Development Report 2010 EEAA Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency EGAS Egyptian Natural Gas Holding Company EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMU Environmental Management Unit ENIB Egyptian National Investment Bank ES Environmental and Social ESDV Emergency Shut Down Valve ESIAF Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Framework ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMMF Environmental -
The Struggle for Worker Rights in EGYPT AREPORTBYTHESOLIDARITYCENTER
67261_SC_S3_R1_Layout 1 2/5/10 6:58 AM Page 1 I JUSTICE I JUSTICE for ALL for I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I “This timely and important report about the recent wave of labor unrest in Egypt, the country’s largest social movement ALL The Struggle in more than half a century, is essential reading for academics, activists, and policy makers. It identifies the political and economic motivations behind—and the legal system that enables—the government’s suppression of worker rights, in a well-edited review of the country’s 100-year history of labor activism.” The Struggle for Worker Rights Sarah Leah Whitson Director, Middle East and North Africa Division, Human Rights Watch I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I for “This is by far the most comprehensive and detailed account available in English of the situation of Egypt’s working people Worker Rights today, and of their struggles—often against great odds—for a better life. Author Joel Beinin recounts the long history of IN EGYPT labor activism in Egypt, including lively accounts of the many strikes waged by Egyptian workers since 2004 against declining real wages, oppressive working conditions, and violations of their legal rights, and he also surveys the plight of A REPORT BY THE SOLIDARITY CENTER women workers, child labor and Egyptian migrant workers abroad.