Public Health Annual Report 2015-16

Public Health Annual Report 2015-16 1 Public Health Annual Report 2015-16 1.0 Introduction 3 2.0 The Facts and Figures 4 3.0 Health Improvement 12 3.1 Promoting Healthy attitudes to substances 12 3.2 Smoking Cessation 14 3.3 Obesity and physical activity 16 3.4 Detect Cancer Early 18 3.5 Sexual health 23 3.6 Health Promoting health service 25 3.7 Health in the workplace 26 4.0 Health Protection 27 4.1 Communicable diseases 27 4.2 Vaccination Programmes 30 4.3 Screening Programmes 40 4.4 Port Health 56 4.5 Resilience and business continuity 57 Acknowledgements 60 2 1.0 Introduction The public health annual report aims to provide an overview of the current state of health of the people of Orkney, support the development of public health policy to improve health and reduce avoidable health inequalities, and highlight local public health activity. Scottish Government has produced a number of significant reports over the year which will shape care. These include the National Clinical Strategy in February 2016 which highlights the approach of providing the majority of care at home or in a homely setting, and addressing over-treatment, harm, waste and variation. The Chief Medical Officer of Scotland published her first report in January 2016 challenging the current approach to how medicine is practiced and advocating for a “Realistic Medicine” approach. The Health and Social Care Delivery Plan, December 2016, sets clear activities and milestones that focus on four major programmes of activity around health and social care integration, the National Clinical Strategy, NHS Board reform and public health improvement. There has been significant change in the health system with the activation across Scotland in April 2016 of integration authorities that commission health and social care services, and there is further change particularly in public health likely to come. However, some of the issues impacting on the well being of the people of Orkney remain unchanged – high levels of obesity in adults and children, misuse of alcohol, and smoking remain problematic locally and nationally in Scotland. Working with other agencies at a local, regional and national level, is required to tackle these issues. A focus on the underlying social and economic determinants that drive poor health and well being must also be maintained. I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to this report, which would not have been possible without support from colleagues across the NHS, Orkney Islands Council and the Community Planning Partnership. I would also like to thank the members of the public health team for their hard work and support over the past year. This report is aimed at organisations and individuals interested or involved in improving the health of the people of Orkney. I hope you find it useful and I welcome your comments on issues raised in the report. Dr Louise Wilson Director of Public Health 3 2.0 The Facts & Figures The population of Orkney was estimated to be 21,670 in 2015, an increase of 0.4% from 2014. Figure 2.1 shows the age profile for males and females. Figure 2.1 Estimated population of Orkney Islands by age and sex, 30 June 2015 Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 The trend, within Orkney as elsewhere in the Scotland, is currently towards an ageing population. Currently 9.7% of the total population is estimated to be aged 75 years or over (Table 2.1). Table 2.1 Estimated population of Orkney Islands and Scotland, by age group, 2015 Male pop. Orkney Female pop. Total pop. of % of total pop. of Age group Islands Orkney Islands Orkney Islands Orkney Islands 0-15 1,796 1,693 3,489 16.1% 16-29 1,706 1,530 3,236 14.9% 30-44 1,683 1,874 3,557 16.4% 45-59 2,563 2,489 5,052 23.3% 60-74 2,100 2,139 4,239 19.6% 75+ 937 1,160 2,097 9.7% All ages 10,785 10,885 21,670 100.0% Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 4 Migration within Orkney and Migration to and from Orkney The number of residents in Orkney is partially determined by the number of people who leave or move to the islands (Figure 2.2). Figure 2.2 Estimated population of Orkney Islands and Scotland, 1989-2015 Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 The number of residents in Orkney is partially determined by the number of people who leave or move to the islands. The most recent figures on migration (2013-2015) show a positive net in-migration for Orkney of 83 people (Table 2.2). Like last year, the greatest inward migration is in the 16-29 age group, which also shows the greatest outward migration. Table 2.2 Average migration in and out of Orkney Islands, 2013-15 Age Group In Out Net 0-15 117 79 38 16-29 220 270 -50 30-44 157 123 34 45-64 183 127 56 65+ 65 60 5 All ages 742 659 83 Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 5 In the long-term the population of Orkney is projected to increase by 5.5% due to the impact of in-migration, whereas the population of Scotland is projected to increase by 8.8% (Table 2.3). Table 2.3 Components of projected population change for Orkney Islands and Scotland, 2012-2037 (2012-based projections) *Natural change equals births minus deaths Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 Projected population of Orkney The population of Orkney is projected to rise to 22,724 by 2037 (Table 2.4). Table 2.4 Projected population, by age group in Orkney Islands 2012-2037 Age Base year Projected years group 2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 2037 0-15 3,572 3,477 3,621 3,652 3,611 3,463 16-29 3,306 3,096 2,736 2,505 2,583 2,687 30-49 5,504 5,152 5,244 5,563 5,505 5,328 50-64 4,698 4,916 4,875 4,594 4,154 4,137 65-74 2,601 2,769 2,841 2,903 3,143 3,119 75+ 1,849 2,294 2,819 3,279 3,675 3,990 All ages 21,530 21,704 22,136 22,496 22,671 22,724 Source: National Records of Scotland 2015 It can be seen that the number of children and adults is projected to decrease in contrast to the increase in older people (Figure 2.3). In Orkney, both health and social care services are preparing to meet the needs that the predicted increase in people over the age of 65 will generate. 6 Figure 2.3 Percentage change in population in Orkney Islands and Scotland 2012- 2037(2012 based projections) Source: National Records of Scotland 2015 Deaths In 2015 there were 222 deaths recorded for Orkney, a standardised rate of 10.4 per 1000 population over the period 2013-15, equal to the Scottish rate of 10.4 (National Records of Scotland September 2016). The causes of death are shown in Figures 2.4 and 2.5.below. Figure 2.4 Causes of death in males, Orkney 2015 Source: National Records of Scotland 2015 7 Figure 2.5 Causes of death in females, Orkney 2015 Source: National Records of Scotland 2015 In 2015 there were 191 live births recorded for Orkney, an increase of 5.5% from 2014. The number of births in Scotland fell by 2.9% over the same period. The fertility rate increased to 54.3 births per 1000 women aged 15-44, above the Scottish rate of 53.2. In 2015 Orkney had more girls than boys born (Figure 2.6). Figure 2.6 Live births by sex, Orkney Islands 2005-2015 Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 Life expectancy The latest life expectancy data is from 2015. Life expectancy at birth in Orkney is greater for females (82.8 years) than males (78.8 years), and both were greater than the Scottish average (females 81.1 males 77.1 years) (Figure 2.7). Life expectancy in Orkney at age 65 is greater for females (21.2 years) than males (18.7 years). 8 Figure 2.7 Life expectancy at birth in Orkney Islands and Scotland, 2013-15 Source: National Records of Scotland 2016 Premature mortality One of the 12 quality indicators for the NHS focuses on addressing premature mortality. This is usually measured by looking at the death rates for people aged under 75. For the last 7 years of reported data the under 75 age-standardized death rate for all causes of death in Orkney has been lower than the Scottish rate (Table 2.5). Table 2.5 Death rates (All causes) under 75 (per 100,000 population): age- standardised using the 2013 European Standard Population Year Orkney Scotland 2006 450.5 520.4 2007 558.1 516.8 2008 444.4 501.3 2009 323.5 477 2010 371.3 467.4 2011 346.7 456.1 2012 341.1 445.3 2013 345.5 437.5 2014 336.7 423.2 Source Scottish Government 2016 9 When we look at mortality for under 75 year olds for specific diseases we can see that in general the mortality rate from all heart disease in Orkney is lower than the Scottish rate (Table 2.6). Table 2.6 Circulatory Death rates under 75 (per 100,000 population): age- standardised using the 2013 European Standard Population Year Orkney Scotland 2006 103 141.4 2007 158.6 139.5 2008 110.1 130.1 2009 81 117.2 2010 61.7 113.8 2011 77.5 106.7 2012 83.6 104.2 2013 50.4 101.5 2014 95.8 94 Source Scottish Government 2016 When we look at the mortality rate from all types of cancer we see a year to year variability for Orkney with in recent years, the rate below the Scottish rate.

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