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Analysis of the Census 1991 Data

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Analysis of the Census 1991 Data Paper on ANALYSIS OF THE CENSUS 1991 DATA , of Census Operati~ns, Maharashtra 315.479 Government of India 1991 Mumbai I Ana.Can ~ o z (/) z 0 (/) > 0 LIJ ...... >0 -0 t-N« (/) ft: . •• o:: t- w'" (/) .... w It!« :J Z 0- ..1« o ~ .... ~ C n: :x: « ;... u I « I.> .... Ii: I "' I , ;; .... I;; .., II)'" 0 e t>- ::I" n. ~ I I ..o .. ~ I I Q.. >- o \ ( 0::'" :Jo :J :c o z iii Z <l:_ <l: co w <l: (/) a:: <l: CONTENTS Page No. 1. MAHARASHTRA AT A GLANCE 2. WHAT IS SPECIAL ABOUT MAHARASHTRA ? 2 3. POPULATION GROWTlI 4. URBAN RURAL DISTRIBUTION 10 - 16 5. SEX RATIO 17 - 22 6. LITERACY 23 - 27 7. SC AND ST 28 - 36 8. LANGUAGES 37 -40 9. WORK FORCE 41 - 49 10. MIGRATION 50 - 66 11. FERTILITY 67 -79 lVIA.HARASHTRA A: A GLANCE • Total population 78r~·~ 7,187 • NO.ofhouseholds 15}+4,441 • Total Area(sq.km) 307,113 • Rural Area (sq.km) 301-:;'85 • NO.ofTahsils 300 • No.of C.D Blocks : 298 • No.of statutory towns 246 • No.of Census towns 90 • Total no. of villages 4"C"'-.)!'~.) • No.of uninhabited villages. : 2,61.; • Sex ratio (Total) : 934 Urban : 875 Rural : 972 • Decadal population rise : 25.13%) Rural 18.65(% Urban : 38.87% • Percentage of Urban population: 38.69% \VHAT IS SPEClf\L ABOUT ~v1AHA_RASfiTRA ? • Maharashtra is the 3 rd largest state of India (area & population). • Maharashtra (78.7 million) is equivalent to united Germany (77.9 million). More than France, U.K., Italy and Poland • Population of Gr. Mumbai itself is about half of Punj ab • Only state having 3 cities with one million or more population. • Gr. Mumbai is the sixth largest metro in the world with having low,est area but highest population and also the highest literacy in the state. • Thane is the fastest growing city. • Highest proportion of urban population in India. • Highest number (33) of cities in India. • Highest density of urban population. • Largest number of migrants from other states. 2 POPliLATION GRO\VTH: Maharashtra with population of 78,937,187 and area of 307,713 sq. km. is the third largest State of India in terms of both population and area. Population growth of Maharashtra: The growth rate of Maharashtra had suddenly jumped by about 8% in the decade 1941-51. Till 1941, the growth rate was below 15% but from the next decade, the population growth rate shot up by about 8 %. And since then the growth rate never looked back and always remained above 22%. In that sense, the decade 1941-51, is a water mark for Maharashtra. The rise in growth rate had slowed down from 1981 but it still continues to grow at the rate of more than 25%. T-l gives the growth rate of population of Maharashtra, India, a few other adjoining states. The chart 1 shows the variation of growth rate of population. From the chart it clearly appears that the population of Gujarat was grO\ving at the fastest rate till 1981. But it has performed very well in the decade 1981-91 alongwith Kamataka to bring down the rate of growth to 21.19%. During 1941-51, all the adjoining states" had slowed down showing a dip in growth rate, but Maharashtra, alongwith Kamataka and Andhra Pradesh had shown a very steep rise in growth rate. From 1951 onwards, Maharashtra has been growing at a much faster rate than the whole country mainly because of gro\ving in-migration into large cities. From 196] onwards, the growth rate of Gujarat and M.P. has always remained higher than the national average. That of A.P. had always remained below India, but only in 1991 it went marginally above national average. Population growth of the Districts: After considering Maharashtra State as a whole, we need to look at the district­ wise population growth. T-2 gives the decadal variation of the districts and T-3 gives the 3 C:\My Documents-l \PoplnGroNotc.doc decadal growth rates of the districts. The most populous districts of the State are Gr. Mumbai, Pune, Thane, Nashik, Ahmadnagar in that order. There are three districts namely Gr. Mumbai, Pune and Thane with more than 5 million population. That for Gr. Mumbai is a1most about 10 milhon. Sindhudurg and Gadchiroli are the smallest districts with population less than 1 million. Considering the rate of population growth, we can see that Thane (56.6%), Aurangabad (39.6%) and Nanded (33.2%) district are the first three fastest growing districts of Maharashtra. Sindhudurg (6.56%), Ratnagiri (11.9%) and Bhandara (14.7%) are the slowest growing districts in that order. Chart 2 shows the district-wise grow1h rate of a few important district From 1931 ftpto 1951 Gr. Mumbai saw a step rise in the gro'Nth rate, \vhe~eas Thane followed Gr. Mumbai from 1941. During, 1951-61, Gr. Mumbai, Thane and Pune had slowed "- dovm but Aurangabad grew at very rapid rate. The growth rate of Thane is almost a 45 degree straight line from 1961 onwards, whereas that for Gr. Mumbai is falling from 1971 onwards. This indicates that Thane being very close to Mumbai, is growing at the expense of Murnbai. During 1981-91, Thane and Aurangabad showed steep rise in population growth whereas Gr. Mumbai showed steep fall. Other populous districts of Nashik" Pune are growing steadily without any striking features. The districts which have been always growing faster than the state average are Thane, Aurangabad, Nanded, Pune, Nashik and Nagpur. These districts with big city always have attracted people for works and effectively grew at a faster rate that the State as a whole. The districts which were growing slower than the State during 1971-81 but grew at a faster rate than the State average during 1981-91 are Jalna, Latur, Bid and Parbhani. All these are districts in the vicinity of Aurangabad. The remaining all districts remained lower than the state average as far as growth rate is concerned. 4 C·\?v1y D"".lrr:ents-I'PL1rlnGro~o[e,doc - I'- co CD t- t:'< .) CO a> CO I 0> 0 ~ LO a: .( t- '¢ "<:t ;;§:? (V') I.() l!) (/) 0 c:> CD ("") ..- .0 0> W I I ...- .- - ...- 0J N 0 « 0 ..- T- N 0 N '-.' ...- 0J t- o::: I'- N T- I.() t- I'- 0J ~ CO 0.. if) CD 0> '<:T I.() ...- to '!- LO I.() N C - 0::: I'- "<:t N en ..n a:; '<T ...- 0J N 0 N LO I'- I'- ("") .- 'C '¢ CD .- « l!2 CD ..- CD 1'-_ U") ('" - ("") CO ..- I- a> ...,., 0- I- cO CO cO 0> CD ~ CO 0> 0.. 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